Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a common cause of obstructive uropathy in children, leading to renal failure and frequently associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which can rapidly progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We describe a rare presentation of high-grade VUR opacifying the renal pyramids in a 5-month-old child with sepsis and renal failure.
{"title":"Medullary pyramids opacification in high-grade vesicoureteral reflux associated with posterior urethral valve","authors":"S. Pandit, Yash Banait, Akshay Mahesh Kriplani","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_316_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_316_23","url":null,"abstract":"Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a common cause of obstructive uropathy in children, leading to renal failure and frequently associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which can rapidly progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We describe a rare presentation of high-grade VUR opacifying the renal pyramids in a 5-month-old child with sepsis and renal failure.","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is rucaparib the definite direction for metastatic prostate cancer? – TRITON3 results decoded","authors":"Abhijit S. Shah","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_373_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_373_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline A. Miller, Rachel A. Locke, Hailey W. Holck, Holt J. Evans, Tiag P. Bhamber, Alexander L. Sinks, Lila G. McGrath, Danielle M. Boselli, Peter E. Clark, Ornob P. Roy
Patient education is an essential element of the treatment pathway. Augmented reality (AR), with disease simulations and three-dimensional visuals, offers a developing approach to patient education. We aim to determine whether this tool can increase patient understanding of their disease and post-visit satisfaction in comparison to current standard of care (SOC) educational practices in a randomized control study. Our single-site study consisted of 100 patients with initial diagnoses of kidney masses or stones randomly enrolled in the AR or SOC arm. In the AR arm, a physician used AR software on a tablet to educate the patient. SOC patients were educated through traditional discussion, imaging, and hand-drawn illustrations. Participants completed pre- and post-physician encounter surveys adapted from the Press Ganey® patient questionnaire to assess understanding and satisfaction. Their responses were evaluated in the Readability Studio® and analyzed to quantify rates of improvement in self-reported understanding and satisfaction scores. There was no significant difference in participant education level (P = 0.828) or visit length (27.6 vs. 25.0 min, P = 0.065) between cohorts. Our data indicate that the rate of change in pre- to post-visit self-reported understanding was similar in each arm (P ≥ 0.106 for all responses). The AR arm, however, had significantly higher patient satisfaction scores concerning the educational effectiveness and understanding of images used during the consultation (P < 0.05). While AR did not significantly increase self-reported patient understanding of their disease compared to SOC, this study suggests AR as a potential avenue to increase patient satisfaction with educational tools used during consultations.
患者教育是治疗过程中的一个基本要素。具有疾病模拟和三维视觉效果的增强现实（AR）为患者教育提供了一种新的方法。我们旨在通过一项随机对照研究，确定与目前的标准护理（SOC）教育方法相比，该工具是否能提高患者对自身疾病的理解和就诊后的满意度。 我们的单点研究由 100 名初步诊断为肾脏肿块或结石的患者组成，他们随机加入 AR 或 SOC 组。在 AR 组，医生使用平板电脑上的 AR 软件对患者进行教育。SOC患者则通过传统的讨论、成像和手绘插图接受教育。参与者在就医前和就医后填写了根据 Press Ganey® 患者问卷改编的调查问卷，以评估理解程度和满意度。可读性工作室 (Readability Studio®) 对他们的回答进行了评估和分析，以量化自我报告的理解和满意度得分的提高率。 不同组别的参与者在受教育程度（P = 0.828）或就诊时间（27.6 分钟对 25.0 分钟，P = 0.065）方面没有明显差异。我们的数据表明，每个治疗组从就诊前到就诊后自我报告的理解能力变化率相似（所有回答的 P 均≥0.106）。但是，AR 治疗组在教育效果和对会诊中使用的图像的理解方面的患者满意度得分明显更高（P < 0.05）。 虽然与 SOC 相比，AR 并未明显提高患者自我报告的对疾病的理解程度，但本研究表明，AR 是提高患者对会诊中使用的教育工具的满意度的潜在途径。
{"title":"Evaluation of a novel augmented reality educational tool and its effects on patient experience: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Caroline A. Miller, Rachel A. Locke, Hailey W. Holck, Holt J. Evans, Tiag P. Bhamber, Alexander L. Sinks, Lila G. McGrath, Danielle M. Boselli, Peter E. Clark, Ornob P. Roy","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_191_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_191_23","url":null,"abstract":"Patient education is an essential element of the treatment pathway. Augmented reality (AR), with disease simulations and three-dimensional visuals, offers a developing approach to patient education. We aim to determine whether this tool can increase patient understanding of their disease and post-visit satisfaction in comparison to current standard of care (SOC) educational practices in a randomized control study. Our single-site study consisted of 100 patients with initial diagnoses of kidney masses or stones randomly enrolled in the AR or SOC arm. In the AR arm, a physician used AR software on a tablet to educate the patient. SOC patients were educated through traditional discussion, imaging, and hand-drawn illustrations. Participants completed pre- and post-physician encounter surveys adapted from the Press Ganey® patient questionnaire to assess understanding and satisfaction. Their responses were evaluated in the Readability Studio® and analyzed to quantify rates of improvement in self-reported understanding and satisfaction scores. There was no significant difference in participant education level (P = 0.828) or visit length (27.6 vs. 25.0 min, P = 0.065) between cohorts. Our data indicate that the rate of change in pre- to post-visit self-reported understanding was similar in each arm (P ≥ 0.106 for all responses). The AR arm, however, had significantly higher patient satisfaction scores concerning the educational effectiveness and understanding of images used during the consultation (P < 0.05). While AR did not significantly increase self-reported patient understanding of their disease compared to SOC, this study suggests AR as a potential avenue to increase patient satisfaction with educational tools used during consultations.","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Soudamini, A. Nalwa, G. Choudhary, J. Bharti, M. Rao, P. Elhence, Himanshu Pandey, A. Goel
Urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are more common in males, making them the sixth-most common cancer in men and the tenth-most common cancer overall, worldwide. Current guidelines do not recommend routine testing for human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) expression on the biopsy specimens of patients with urothelial carcinoma. This study was aimed at determining the expression pattern of HER2/neu and its usefulness in muscle-invasive and nonmuscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma. HER2/neu expression was assessed in 89 specimens of urothelial cancer by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and equivocal cases were subjected to fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). On IHC for HER2/neu, 17.9% (7/39) of the muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) showed a 3+ expression, whereas 22% (11/50) of the non-muscle invasive cancers were positive with a score of 3+. A significant correlation between HER2/neu status and muscle invasion could not be established in the current study (P = 0.74, Fisher’s exact test). Three cases of muscle-invasive (7.7%) and 2 cases (4%) among nonmuscle invasive cancers showed equivocal expression. All the cases with equivocal (2+) expression on IHC were subjected to FISH and none showed gene amplification on hybridization and were considered as negative. Overexpression of HER-2/neu was seen in 17.9% of MIBCs and 22% of non-MIBCs. There are no norms for routine testing of HER2/neu expression in the biopsy specimens of urothelial carcinoma. There is an unmet need to establish guidelines for HER2/neu scoring, similar to that for breast and gastric cancers, to determine the proportion of positive cases and help in identification of those who may benefit from targeted therapies.
{"title":"Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu expression in urothelial carcinomas","authors":"A. Soudamini, A. Nalwa, G. Choudhary, J. Bharti, M. Rao, P. Elhence, Himanshu Pandey, A. Goel","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_287_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_287_23","url":null,"abstract":"Urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are more common in males, making them the sixth-most common cancer in men and the tenth-most common cancer overall, worldwide. Current guidelines do not recommend routine testing for human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2/neu) expression on the biopsy specimens of patients with urothelial carcinoma. This study was aimed at determining the expression pattern of HER2/neu and its usefulness in muscle-invasive and nonmuscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma. HER2/neu expression was assessed in 89 specimens of urothelial cancer by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and equivocal cases were subjected to fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). On IHC for HER2/neu, 17.9% (7/39) of the muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) showed a 3+ expression, whereas 22% (11/50) of the non-muscle invasive cancers were positive with a score of 3+. A significant correlation between HER2/neu status and muscle invasion could not be established in the current study (P = 0.74, Fisher’s exact test). Three cases of muscle-invasive (7.7%) and 2 cases (4%) among nonmuscle invasive cancers showed equivocal expression. All the cases with equivocal (2+) expression on IHC were subjected to FISH and none showed gene amplification on hybridization and were considered as negative. Overexpression of HER-2/neu was seen in 17.9% of MIBCs and 22% of non-MIBCs. There are no norms for routine testing of HER2/neu expression in the biopsy specimens of urothelial carcinoma. There is an unmet need to establish guidelines for HER2/neu scoring, similar to that for breast and gastric cancers, to determine the proportion of positive cases and help in identification of those who may benefit from targeted therapies.","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01Epub Date: 2023-09-29DOI: 10.4103/iju.iju_271_23
Nisanth Puliyath
{"title":"Fifteen-year outcomes of the ProtecT trial: Should patients be \"protected\" from radical treatments?","authors":"Nisanth Puliyath","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_271_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_271_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"39 4","pages":"337-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10704979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quality: The eternal goal of scientific publishing","authors":"Rajeev Kumar","doi":"10.4103/iju.iju_457_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_457_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47352,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Urology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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