Pub Date : 2024-03-29eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0931
Felipe de Mello Martins, Alessandra Pinheiro Vidal, Jeevan Giddaluru, Bernardo Maia da Silva, Eva K Lee, Peijue Zhang, Lucas Esteves Cardozo, Carlos Augusto Prete Junior, Helves Humberto Domingues, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, Vanderson de Souza Sampaio, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Helder I Nakaya
Objective: This study aimed to present a temporal and spatial analysis of the 2018 measles outbreak in Brazil, particularly in the metropolitan city of Manaus in the Amazon region, and further introduce a new tool for spatial analysis.
Methods: We analyzed the geographical data of the residences of over 7,000 individuals with measles in Manaus during 2018 and 2019. Spatial and temporal analyses were conducted to characterize various aspects of the outbreak, including the onset and prevalence of symptoms, demographics, and vaccination status. A visualization tool was also constructed to display the geographical and temporal distribution of the reported measles cases.
Results: Approximately 95% of the included participants had not received vaccination within the past decade. Heterogeneity was observed across all facets of the outbreak, including variations in the incubation period and symptom presentation. Age distribution exhibited two peaks, occurring at one year and 18 years of age, and the potential implications of this distribution on predictive analysis were discussed. Additionally, spatial analysis revealed that areas with the highest case densities tended to have the lowest standard of living.
Conclusion: Understanding the spatial and temporal spread of measles outbreaks provides insights for decision-making regarding measures to mitigate future epidemics.
{"title":"Temporal and spatial analysis of over 7,000 measles cases outbreak from 2018 to 2019 in the Brazilian Amazon.","authors":"Felipe de Mello Martins, Alessandra Pinheiro Vidal, Jeevan Giddaluru, Bernardo Maia da Silva, Eva K Lee, Peijue Zhang, Lucas Esteves Cardozo, Carlos Augusto Prete Junior, Helves Humberto Domingues, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, Vanderson de Souza Sampaio, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Helder I Nakaya","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0931","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to present a temporal and spatial analysis of the 2018 measles outbreak in Brazil, particularly in the metropolitan city of Manaus in the Amazon region, and further introduce a new tool for spatial analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the geographical data of the residences of over 7,000 individuals with measles in Manaus during 2018 and 2019. Spatial and temporal analyses were conducted to characterize various aspects of the outbreak, including the onset and prevalence of symptoms, demographics, and vaccination status. A visualization tool was also constructed to display the geographical and temporal distribution of the reported measles cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 95% of the included participants had not received vaccination within the past decade. Heterogeneity was observed across all facets of the outbreak, including variations in the incubation period and symptom presentation. Age distribution exhibited two peaks, occurring at one year and 18 years of age, and the potential implications of this distribution on predictive analysis were discussed. Additionally, spatial analysis revealed that areas with the highest case densities tended to have the lowest standard of living.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the spatial and temporal spread of measles outbreaks provides insights for decision-making regarding measures to mitigate future epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11081026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0585
Angélica Atala Lombelo Campos, Maria Teresa Bustamante-Teixeira, Rafaela Russi Ervilha, Vivian Assis Fayer, Jane Rocha Duarte Cintra, Renata Mendes de Freitas, Daniela Pereira de Almeida, Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra
Objective: Patients with cancer often undergo multiple extended treatments that decrease their quality of life. However, the quality of life of women with breast cancer after they undergo treatment remains underexplored in Brazil. Therefore, this study determined sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors related to the post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 101 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2014 and 2016 and treated at a Brazilian Oncology Reference Service. Data were collected from them using face-to-face surveys. Quality of life was evaluated using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC Breast Cancer-specific Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23). The data collected were analyzed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: The median score on the global health, functional, and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was 75.00 (Interquartile range=33.33), 75.99 (Standard deviation [SD]=19.26), and 19.67 (SD=16.91), respectively. The mean score on the functional and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 was 61.89 (SD=17.21) and 20.12 (SD=16.94), respectively. Furthermore, higher post-treatment quality of life was found to be associated with being aged 50 or more, being Black, having eight or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving treatment from the private healthcare system, having a higher income, living in the municipality where healthcare services are availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, being more religious, having more social support, not being overweight, having no comorbidities, and undergoing lumpectomy.
Conclusion: Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors significantly impact the quality of life of women who undergo breast cancer treatment. Implementing interventions that improve health and reducing inequalities in the access to healthcare services can improve the quality of life of these patients.
Background: Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors impact the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.
Background: Breast cancer therapy may affect future perspectives and emotional, cognitive, and sexual function.
Background: Some aspects of quality of life still require attention from health professionals.
Background: Higher post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer is linked to being aged 50 or more, being Black, having 8 or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving care from private healthcare, having a high per capita income, residing in the municipality where the service is availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, greater religiosity, h
{"title":"Quality of life of women who underwent breast cancer treatment relative to sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors.","authors":"Angélica Atala Lombelo Campos, Maria Teresa Bustamante-Teixeira, Rafaela Russi Ervilha, Vivian Assis Fayer, Jane Rocha Duarte Cintra, Renata Mendes de Freitas, Daniela Pereira de Almeida, Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0585","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients with cancer often undergo multiple extended treatments that decrease their quality of life. However, the quality of life of women with breast cancer after they undergo treatment remains underexplored in Brazil. Therefore, this study determined sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors related to the post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 101 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2014 and 2016 and treated at a Brazilian Oncology Reference Service. Data were collected from them using face-to-face surveys. Quality of life was evaluated using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC Breast Cancer-specific Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23). The data collected were analyzed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median score on the global health, functional, and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was 75.00 (Interquartile range=33.33), 75.99 (Standard deviation [SD]=19.26), and 19.67 (SD=16.91), respectively. The mean score on the functional and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 was 61.89 (SD=17.21) and 20.12 (SD=16.94), respectively. Furthermore, higher post-treatment quality of life was found to be associated with being aged 50 or more, being Black, having eight or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving treatment from the private healthcare system, having a higher income, living in the municipality where healthcare services are availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, being more religious, having more social support, not being overweight, having no comorbidities, and undergoing lumpectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors significantly impact the quality of life of women who undergo breast cancer treatment. Implementing interventions that improve health and reducing inequalities in the access to healthcare services can improve the quality of life of these patients.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors impact the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer therapy may affect future perspectives and emotional, cognitive, and sexual function.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Some aspects of quality of life still require attention from health professionals.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer is linked to being aged 50 or more, being Black, having 8 or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving care from private healthcare, having a high per capita income, residing in the municipality where the service is availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, greater religiosity, h","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ringing a bell in healthcare: harnessing benefits, overcoming implementation challenges, and bridging knowledge gaps of Closed-Loop Oxygen Control systems (CLOCs).","authors":"Caroline Gomes Mól, Aléxia Gabriela da Silva Vieira, Raquel Afonso Caserta Eid, Ary Serpa Neto, Marcus J Schultz, Ricardo Kenji Nawa","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE0910","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE0910","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0396
Bárbara Bellocchio Bertoldo, Guilherme Oliveira Paulo, Taíssa Cássia de Souza Furtado, Thiago Lima Pereira, Virmondes Rodrigues Junior, Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues, Juliana Barbosa de Faria, Rodrigo César Rosa, Sanívia Aparecida de Lima Pereira
Background: The authors compared the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in peri-implant crevicular fluid between patients with or without peri-implantitis. HIF-1α levels were significantly high in the peri-implantitis possibly due to hypoxia triggered by persistent inflammation.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid of patients with and without peri-implantitis.
Methods: Forty patients, comprising 16 with and 24 without peri-implantitis were selected.
Results: Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited significantly higher HIF-1α levels than those without peri-implantitis (p=0.0005). TNF-α revealed significant positive correlations with IL-10 (p=0.0008) and VEGF (p=0.0246), whereas HIF-1α and IL-10 levels (p=0.0041) demonstrated a negative and significative correlation in the peri-implantitis group.
Conclusion: This study, for the first time demonstrates the balance of HIF-1α, TNFα, IL-10, and VEGF in peri-implantitis. It shows an elevated HIF-1α levels in patients with peri-implantitis, which could have stemmed from persistent inflammation- triggered hypoxia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between TNF-α and VEGF suggests intensified proinflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. Nevertheless, further studies are essential to understand these immune dynamics in peri-implantitis.
Background: Higher levels of HIF-1α in patients with peri-implantitis occurred possibly due to persistent hypoxia triggered by inflammation.
Background: Tissue hypoxia in peri-implantitis induced increase in HIF-1α consequently increased VEGF and angiogenesis, contributing to the persistence of inflammation.
{"title":"New immunological aspects of peri-implantitis.","authors":"Bárbara Bellocchio Bertoldo, Guilherme Oliveira Paulo, Taíssa Cássia de Souza Furtado, Thiago Lima Pereira, Virmondes Rodrigues Junior, Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues, Juliana Barbosa de Faria, Rodrigo César Rosa, Sanívia Aparecida de Lima Pereira","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0396","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The authors compared the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in peri-implant crevicular fluid between patients with or without peri-implantitis. HIF-1α levels were significantly high in the peri-implantitis possibly due to hypoxia triggered by persistent inflammation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the levels of HIF1-α, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the peri-implant crevicular fluid of patients with and without peri-implantitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty patients, comprising 16 with and 24 without peri-implantitis were selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited significantly higher HIF-1α levels than those without peri-implantitis (p=0.0005). TNF-α revealed significant positive correlations with IL-10 (p=0.0008) and VEGF (p=0.0246), whereas HIF-1α and IL-10 levels (p=0.0041) demonstrated a negative and significative correlation in the peri-implantitis group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study, for the first time demonstrates the balance of HIF-1α, TNFα, IL-10, and VEGF in peri-implantitis. It shows an elevated HIF-1α levels in patients with peri-implantitis, which could have stemmed from persistent inflammation- triggered hypoxia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between TNF-α and VEGF suggests intensified proinflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. Nevertheless, further studies are essential to understand these immune dynamics in peri-implantitis.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher levels of HIF-1α in patients with peri-implantitis occurred possibly due to persistent hypoxia triggered by inflammation.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Tissue hypoxia in peri-implantitis induced increase in HIF-1α consequently increased VEGF and angiogenesis, contributing to the persistence of inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0328
Caio Querino Gabaldi, Adriana Serra Cypriano, Carlos Henrique Sartorato Pedrotti, Daniel Tavares Malheiro, Claudia Regina Laselva, Miguel Cendoroglo Neto, Vanessa Damazio Teich
Background: Gabaldi et al. utilized telemedicine data, web search trends, hospitalized patient characteristics, and resource usage data to estimate bed occupancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showcase the potential of data-driven strategies to enhance resource allocation decisions for an effective pandemic response.
Objective: To develop and validate predictive models to estimate the number of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care units and general wards of a private not-for-profit hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods: Two main models were developed. The first model calculated hospital occupation as the difference between predicted COVID-19 patient admissions, transfers between departments, and discharges, estimating admissions based on their weekly moving averages, segmented by general wards and intensive care units. Patient discharge predictions were based on a length of stay predictive model, assessing the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19, including age group and usage of mechanical ventilation devices. The second model estimated hospital occupation based on the correlation with the number of telemedicine visits by patients diagnosed with COVID-19, utilizing correlational analysis to define the lag that maximized the correlation between the studied series. Both models were monitored for 365 days, from May 20th, 2021, to May 20th, 2022.
Results: The first model predicted the number of hospitalized patients by department within an interval of up to 14 days. The second model estimated the total number of hospitalized patients for the following 8 days, considering calls attended by Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein's telemedicine department. Considering the average daily predicted values for the intensive care unit and general ward across a forecast horizon of 8 days, as limited by the second model, the first and second models obtained R² values of 0.900 and 0.996, respectively and mean absolute errors of 8.885 and 2.524 beds, respectively. The performances of both models were monitored using the mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean squared error as a function of the forecast horizon in days.
Conclusion: The model based on telemedicine use was the most accurate in the current analysis and was used to estimate COVID-19 hospital occupancy 8 days in advance, validating predictions of this nature in similar clinical contexts. The results encourage the expansion of this method to other pathologies, aiming to guarantee the standards of hospital care and conscious consumption of resources.
Background: Developed models to forecast bed occupancy for up to 14 days and monitored errors for 365 days.
Background: Telemedicine calls from COVID-19 patients correlated with the number of patients hospitalized in the next 8 days.
{"title":"Is it possible to estimate the number of patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units and general wards using clinical and telemedicine data?","authors":"Caio Querino Gabaldi, Adriana Serra Cypriano, Carlos Henrique Sartorato Pedrotti, Daniel Tavares Malheiro, Claudia Regina Laselva, Miguel Cendoroglo Neto, Vanessa Damazio Teich","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0328","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gabaldi et al. utilized telemedicine data, web search trends, hospitalized patient characteristics, and resource usage data to estimate bed occupancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showcase the potential of data-driven strategies to enhance resource allocation decisions for an effective pandemic response.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate predictive models to estimate the number of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care units and general wards of a private not-for-profit hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two main models were developed. The first model calculated hospital occupation as the difference between predicted COVID-19 patient admissions, transfers between departments, and discharges, estimating admissions based on their weekly moving averages, segmented by general wards and intensive care units. Patient discharge predictions were based on a length of stay predictive model, assessing the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19, including age group and usage of mechanical ventilation devices. The second model estimated hospital occupation based on the correlation with the number of telemedicine visits by patients diagnosed with COVID-19, utilizing correlational analysis to define the lag that maximized the correlation between the studied series. Both models were monitored for 365 days, from May 20th, 2021, to May 20th, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first model predicted the number of hospitalized patients by department within an interval of up to 14 days. The second model estimated the total number of hospitalized patients for the following 8 days, considering calls attended by Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein's telemedicine department. Considering the average daily predicted values for the intensive care unit and general ward across a forecast horizon of 8 days, as limited by the second model, the first and second models obtained R² values of 0.900 and 0.996, respectively and mean absolute errors of 8.885 and 2.524 beds, respectively. The performances of both models were monitored using the mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean squared error as a function of the forecast horizon in days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The model based on telemedicine use was the most accurate in the current analysis and was used to estimate COVID-19 hospital occupancy 8 days in advance, validating predictions of this nature in similar clinical contexts. The results encourage the expansion of this method to other pathologies, aiming to guarantee the standards of hospital care and conscious consumption of resources.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Developed models to forecast bed occupancy for up to 14 days and monitored errors for 365 days.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Telemedicine calls from COVID-19 patients correlated with the number of patients hospitalized in the next 8 days.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0345
Hélcio Kanegusuku, Gustavo Oliveira da Silva, Heloisa Amaral Braghieri, Juliana Ferreira de Carvalho, Renan Massena Costa, Gabriel Grizzo Cucato, Nelson Wolosker, Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias, Marilia Almeida Correia
Objective: This study analyzed the impact of sex on self-reported health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease patients at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: In this longitudinal study, 99 patients with peripheral artery disease (53 men and 46 women) were evaluated during two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic ( i.e ., at onset: May to August 2020, and on follow-up: May to August 2021). Patients were interviewed via telephone, and information regarding lifestyle and health parameters was obtained.
Results: At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, health and habit parameters were similar between women and men, with 63.0% and 45.3% indicating frequent fatigue, 73.9% and 84.9% reporting increased sitting time, and 23.9% and 39.6% practicing physical activity, respectively. At follow-up, difficulties in physical mobility (women: from 26.1% to 73.9%, p<0.001; men: from 39.6% to 71.7%, p=0.001) and the frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 increased similarly in women and men (women: from 4.3% to 21.7%, p=0.013; men: from 9.4% to 24.5%, p=0.038). The other parameters were similar between the periods.
Conclusion: Self-reported physical mobility difficulties and hospitalization frequency increased in women and men with peripheral artery disease.
Background: ▪ Sitting time increased in 73.9% of women and 84.9% of men at the onset of the pandemic.
Background: ▪ Physical activity was practiced by 23.9% of women and 39.6% of men at the onset of the pandemic.
Background: ▪ The prevalence of both women and men reporting physical mobility difficulties increased at follow-up.
Background: ▪ Hospitalization rates for reasons unrelated to COVID-19 have increased in both women and.
Background: While women experience more consequences related to peripheral artery disease than men, such as worse functional capacity and higher morbidity, there was a similar increase in physical mobility difficulty and frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 one year after the onset of the pandemic.
{"title":"Health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparison between men and women.","authors":"Hélcio Kanegusuku, Gustavo Oliveira da Silva, Heloisa Amaral Braghieri, Juliana Ferreira de Carvalho, Renan Massena Costa, Gabriel Grizzo Cucato, Nelson Wolosker, Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias, Marilia Almeida Correia","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0345","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024AO0345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study analyzed the impact of sex on self-reported health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease patients at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this longitudinal study, 99 patients with peripheral artery disease (53 men and 46 women) were evaluated during two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic ( i.e ., at onset: May to August 2020, and on follow-up: May to August 2021). Patients were interviewed via telephone, and information regarding lifestyle and health parameters was obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, health and habit parameters were similar between women and men, with 63.0% and 45.3% indicating frequent fatigue, 73.9% and 84.9% reporting increased sitting time, and 23.9% and 39.6% practicing physical activity, respectively. At follow-up, difficulties in physical mobility (women: from 26.1% to 73.9%, p<0.001; men: from 39.6% to 71.7%, p=0.001) and the frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 increased similarly in women and men (women: from 4.3% to 21.7%, p=0.013; men: from 9.4% to 24.5%, p=0.038). The other parameters were similar between the periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-reported physical mobility difficulties and hospitalization frequency increased in women and men with peripheral artery disease.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>▪ Sitting time increased in 73.9% of women and 84.9% of men at the onset of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>▪ Physical activity was practiced by 23.9% of women and 39.6% of men at the onset of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>▪ The prevalence of both women and men reporting physical mobility difficulties increased at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>▪ Hospitalization rates for reasons unrelated to COVID-19 have increased in both women and.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>While women experience more consequences related to peripheral artery disease than men, such as worse functional capacity and higher morbidity, there was a similar increase in physical mobility difficulty and frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 one year after the onset of the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0393
Tarso Augusto Duenhas Accorsi, Gabriela Guimarães Rodrigues Dos Santos, Renato Paladino Nemoto, Flavio Tocci Moreira, Karine De Amicis, Karen Francine Köhler, Eduardo Cordioli, Carlos Henrique Sartorato Pedrotti
Background: Heart failure is the leading cause of cardiac-related hospitalizations. Limited access to reevaluations and outpatient appointments restricts the application of modern therapies. Telemedicine has become an essential resource in the healthcare system because of its countless benefits, such as higher and more frequent appointments and faster titration of medications. This narrative review aimed to demonstrate the evidence and unresolved issues related to the use of telemedicine in patients with heart failure. No studies have examined heart failure prevention; however, several studies have addressed the prevention of decompensation with positive results. Telemedicine can be used to evaluate all patients with heart failure, and many telemedicine platforms are available. Several strategies, including both noninvasive (phone calls, weight measurement, and virtual visits) and invasive (implantable pulmonary artery catheters) strategies can be implemented. Given these benefits, telemedicine is highly desirable, particularly for vulnerable groups. Although some questions remain unanswered, the development of new technologies can complement remote visits and improve patient care.
{"title":"Telemedicine and patients with heart failure: evidence and unresolved issues.","authors":"Tarso Augusto Duenhas Accorsi, Gabriela Guimarães Rodrigues Dos Santos, Renato Paladino Nemoto, Flavio Tocci Moreira, Karine De Amicis, Karen Francine Köhler, Eduardo Cordioli, Carlos Henrique Sartorato Pedrotti","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0393","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heart failure is the leading cause of cardiac-related hospitalizations. Limited access to reevaluations and outpatient appointments restricts the application of modern therapies. Telemedicine has become an essential resource in the healthcare system because of its countless benefits, such as higher and more frequent appointments and faster titration of medications. This narrative review aimed to demonstrate the evidence and unresolved issues related to the use of telemedicine in patients with heart failure. No studies have examined heart failure prevention; however, several studies have addressed the prevention of decompensation with positive results. Telemedicine can be used to evaluate all patients with heart failure, and many telemedicine platforms are available. Several strategies, including both noninvasive (phone calls, weight measurement, and virtual visits) and invasive (implantable pulmonary artery catheters) strategies can be implemented. Given these benefits, telemedicine is highly desirable, particularly for vulnerable groups. Although some questions remain unanswered, the development of new technologies can complement remote visits and improve patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0552
Isabele Pardo, Pedro Brecheret Fagundes, Rafael Santana de Oliveira, Paulo Vidal Campregher
Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression. This phenotype renders triple-negative breast cancer cells refractory to conventional therapies, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of the Notch receptor signaling pathway in the development and progression of triple-negative breast cancer.
Objective: This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify potential therapeutic targets of the Notch pathway. Our analysis focused on the upstream and downstream components of this pathway to identify potential therapeutic targets.
Results: Modulating the Notch signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to treat triple-negative breast cancer. Several potential therapeutic targets within this pathway are in the early stages of development, including upstream (such as Notch ligands) and downstream (including specific molecules involved in triple-negative breast cancer growth). These targets represent potential avenues for therapeutic intervention in triple-negative breast cancer.
Comments: Additional research specifically addressing issues related to toxicity and improving drug delivery methods is critical for the successful translation of these potential therapeutic targets into effective treatments for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
{"title":"A molecular approach to triple-negative breast cancer: targeting the Notch signaling pathway.","authors":"Isabele Pardo, Pedro Brecheret Fagundes, Rafael Santana de Oliveira, Paulo Vidal Campregher","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0552","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024RW0552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression. This phenotype renders triple-negative breast cancer cells refractory to conventional therapies, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of the Notch receptor signaling pathway in the development and progression of triple-negative breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify potential therapeutic targets of the Notch pathway. Our analysis focused on the upstream and downstream components of this pathway to identify potential therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Modulating the Notch signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to treat triple-negative breast cancer. Several potential therapeutic targets within this pathway are in the early stages of development, including upstream (such as Notch ligands) and downstream (including specific molecules involved in triple-negative breast cancer growth). These targets represent potential avenues for therapeutic intervention in triple-negative breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Comments: </strong>Additional research specifically addressing issues related to toxicity and improving drug delivery methods is critical for the successful translation of these potential therapeutic targets into effective treatments for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE0613
Giuseppe Lippi, Gian Luca Salvagno
{"title":"Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) assessment using incompletely filled K2EDTA blood tubes is reliable.","authors":"Giuseppe Lippi, Gian Luca Salvagno","doi":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE0613","DOIUrl":"10.31744/einstein_journal/2024CE0613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47359,"journal":{"name":"Einstein-Sao Paulo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}