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How Are Self-Determination Components Taught to Improve Reading Outcomes for Elementary Students With or At Risk for Learning Disabilities? 如何教会有学习障碍或有学习障碍风险的小学生提高阅读成绩的自决成分?
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-01-29 DOI: 10.1177/0731948721989328
L. Didion, Jessica R. Toste, Sarah A. Benz, K. Shogren
Research findings illustrate the strong connection between self-determined learning and reading performance for students with or at risk for disabilities. Students with or at risk for learning disabilities (LDs), who are at increased risk for academic failure, may benefit from instruction to promote self-determination skills. Causal Agency Theory has driven research on interventions to support the development of self-determination in people with disabilities since the 1990s; however, this work has most often focused on adolescents and young adults. Self-determination skills develop over the lifespan—and targeting the building blocks for these skills in the elementary years can lay a foundation for the development of self-determined learners in reading and beyond. As such, this systematic review sought to investigate to what extent self-determination skills were taught to improve reading outcomes for students with or at risk for LD in kindergarten through fifth grade. Twelve studies met criteria for inclusion; two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 10 single-case design studies. Results indicate self-determination for students with LD at the elementary level is limited; all interventions used a subcomponent related to self-regulation. Goal setting and positive attributions were also investigated but within intervention packages alongside self-regulation. Future researchers should study the effects of interventions that use other self-determination components for this population of students.
研究结果表明,对于有残疾或有残疾风险的学生来说,自主学习与阅读成绩之间有着密切的联系。有学习障碍或有学习障碍风险的学生,他们学习失败的风险增加,可以从提高自决技能的教学中受益。自20世纪90年代以来,因果代理理论推动了对干预措施的研究,以支持残疾人自决的发展;然而,这项工作通常集中在青少年和年轻人身上。自决技能会随着年龄的增长而发展——在小学阶段为这些技能找到基础,可以为自决学习者在阅读及其他方面的发展奠定基础。因此,这项系统综述旨在调查在多大程度上教授了自决技能,以改善幼儿园至五年级患有LD或有LD风险的学生的阅读成绩。12项研究符合纳入标准;两项随机对照试验和10项单病例设计研究。结果表明,LD学生在小学阶段的自决能力有限;所有干预措施都使用了与自我调节相关的子成分。目标设定和积极归因也进行了调查,但在自我调节的干预包中。未来的研究人员应该研究使用其他自决成分的干预措施对这一学生群体的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Corrigendum to Early Detection of Dyslexia Risk: Development of Brief, Teacher-Administered Screens 早期发现阅读障碍风险的勘误表:发展简短的,教师管理的筛选
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1177/0731948720983615
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the Promise of a Tier 2 Sixth-Grade Fractions Intervention 调查二年级分数干预的前景
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1177/0731948720972411
Ben Clarke, Nancy Nelson, Leanne Ketterlin Geller, Derek B. Kosty, K. Smolkowski, Taylor Lesner, David Furjanic, Hank Fien
This pilot study examined the promise of a Tier 2 Grade 6 intervention program for students at risk for difficulties in mathematics. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design. The final sample included 112 students in treatment (Promoting Algebra Readiness) and 86 students in control (standard district practice) conditions. The Promoting Algebra Readiness program consisted of 93 lessons across four strands focused on key concepts and applications of fractions. Measures of mathematics achievement were collected at pretest and posttest. Feasibility and usability data indicated favorable impressions by users and strong levels of implementation fidelity. Gain scores of treatment students were significantly greater than those of control peers on two of four proximal measures of mathematics achievement. Positive nonsignificant effects were found on additional proximal and distal measures. Implications for educators delivering instruction for at-risk students in multitier service delivery models are discussed.
这项试点研究考察了为有数学困难风险的学生提供二级六年级干预计划的前景。该研究采用了准实验设计。最终样本包括112名接受治疗(促进代数准备)的学生和86名接受对照(标准地区实践)的学生。促进代数准备课程由93节课组成,分为四个部分,重点是分数的关键概念和应用。数学成绩的测量是在前测和后测中收集的。可行性和可用性数据表明,用户的印象良好,实施忠诚度很高。在四项数学成绩的近距离测量中,有两项,接受治疗的学生的增益得分显著高于对照组。在额外的近端和远端测量中发现了积极而不显著的影响。讨论了多层服务提供模式对教育工作者为高危学生提供教学的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Expanding Task Instructions May Increase Fractions Problem Difficulty for Students With Mathematics Learning Disability 扩展任务指令可能会增加数学学习障碍学生的分数问题难度
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0731948719865476
Katherine H. Herold, Allison M. Bock, M. Murphy, M. Mazzocco
When a student struggles with a mathematics task, adults may rephrase or expand initial task instructions to clarify instructions or scaffold problem solving. Yet expanded instructions may not benefit all children, especially children with a mathematics learning disability (MLD). Here, we explore whether expanded instructions differentially affect fractions comparison performance for children with or without MLD. Fifth graders (N = 190) completed two consecutive sets of 24 fraction comparison items, each accompanied by initial or expanded instructions, respectively; and also completed vocabulary, spatial reasoning, verbal working memory, executive function, and number knowledge tasks. Results showed that fraction comparison performance was generally worse following expanded rather than initial instructions, particularly for difficult items or for children with MLD. Fixed ordered regressions showed that the strength of cognitive skills as predictors of performance varied depending on instructions format and MLD status, that the five cognitive predictors collectively accounted for more performance variation with initial compared to expanded instructions, and that vocabulary’s relative predictive strength as a single predictor increased when instructions were expanded, but only for children with mathematics difficulties. These findings support the notion that problem features differentially affect children with or without MLD and that not all children benefit from hearing expanded instructions for difficult mathematics tasks.
当学生在数学任务上遇到困难时,成年人可能会重新表述或扩展最初的任务说明,以澄清说明或支持问题的解决。然而,扩展的指导可能不是对所有儿童都有益,特别是有数学学习障碍(MLD)的儿童。在这里,我们探讨扩展指令是否会对有或没有MLD的儿童的分数比较表现产生差异。五年级学生(N = 190)完成了两组连续的24个分数比较项目,每个项目分别附有初始说明或扩展说明;同时完成词汇、空间推理、言语工作记忆、执行功能和数字知识任务。结果表明,分数比较的表现通常在扩展指令后比初始指令更差,特别是对于困难的项目或患有MLD的儿童。固定有序回归显示,认知技能作为表现预测因子的强度因指令格式和MLD状态而异,与扩展指令相比,这五种认知预测因子共同解释了初始指令比扩展指令更大的表现变化,词汇作为单一预测因子的相对预测强度在指令扩展时增加,但仅适用于有数学困难的儿童。这些发现支持了这样一种观点,即问题特征对患有或不患有MLD的儿童的影响是不同的,并不是所有儿童都能从听取复杂数学任务的扩展说明中受益。
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引用次数: 3
The Roles of Various Forms of Attention in Temporal Processing Deficits in Chinese Children With and Without Dyslexia 不同形式的注意在有和无阅读障碍儿童时间加工缺陷中的作用
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0731948719856300
Li‐Chih Wang, Hsien-Ming Yang
This study examined the extent to which Chinese children with dyslexia show temporal processing deficits in addition to deficits in various forms of attention. In total, 104 Chinese children in primary school (Grades 3–6) were recruited in Taiwan. Half of the children were identified as having dyslexia, and the other half were typically developing children who were matched by gender, IQ, and age with the children with dyslexia. Our results indicated that Chinese children with dyslexia performed significantly worse on tasks of temporal processing, selective attention, and switching attention. Furthermore, both visual and auditory temporal processing, in addition to various attention types, could be significant distinguishing predictors between the two groups. Moreover, we found that visual temporal processing, but not auditory temporal processing, significantly contributed to Chinese character reading. This study was among the first to confirm the unique role of visual temporal processing in Chinese character reading.
这项研究考察了中国阅读障碍儿童在多大程度上表现出时间处理缺陷以及各种形式的注意力缺陷。台湾共招收104名小学(3-6年级)中国儿童。其中一半的儿童被认定患有阅读障碍,另一半通常是在性别、智商和年龄上与阅读障碍儿童相匹配的发育中的儿童。我们的研究结果表明,中国阅读障碍儿童在时间处理、选择性注意和转换注意方面的表现明显较差。此外,视觉和听觉时间处理,以及各种注意力类型,都可能是两组之间的显著区别预测因素。此外,我们发现视觉时间处理,而不是听觉时间处理,对汉字阅读有显著贡献。本研究首次证实了视觉时间处理在汉字阅读中的独特作用。
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引用次数: 2
Differential Effects of the Targeted Reading Intervention for Students With Low Phonological Awareness and/or Vocabulary 针对性阅读干预对低语音意识和/或词汇学生的差异影响
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0731948719858683
Mary E. Bratsch-Hines, Lynne Vernon-Feagans, Sarah Pedonti, Cheryl Varghese
Students most at risk for reading-related disabilities frequently struggle with word recognition and oral language, including, in the earliest grades, specific skills related to phonological awareness and vocabulary. Classroom teachers’ delivery of high-quality differentiated supplemental instruction may promote reading acquisition for these students. The current study examined whether the Targeted Reading Intervention, a webcam-coaching literacy professional development program for kindergarten and first grade classroom teachers, was more effective in producing reading gains for students who had the lowest scores on fall measures of phonological awareness and/or vocabulary as compared with students with higher scores. Findings revealed that students who participated in the Targeted Reading Intervention and who scored lowest on the fall vocabulary measure had the highest scores on spring decoding measures.
最有可能出现阅读相关障碍的学生往往在单词识别和口语方面存在困难,包括在最早期的年级,与语音意识和词汇相关的特定技能。课堂教师提供高质量的差异化补充教学可以促进这些学生的阅读习得。目前的研究考察了针对性阅读干预(一项针对幼儿园和一年级课堂教师的网络摄像头指导读写专业发展计划)是否能更有效地提高在语音意识和/或词汇方面得分最低的学生的阅读成绩,而不是得分较高的学生。研究结果显示,参加针对性阅读干预的学生和在秋季词汇测试中得分最低的学生在春季解码测试中得分最高。
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引用次数: 5
Expert Secondary Content-Area Teachers’ Pedagogical Schemas for Teaching Literacy to Students With Learning Disabilities 专家二级内容区教师对学习障碍学生扫盲教学的教学图式
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/0731948719864417
Alexandra A. Lauterbach, Mary T. Brownell, Elizabeth F. Bettini
Secondary content-area teachers seldom use research-based practices for students with learning disabilities (LD), and prior research indicates they often conceptualize instruction in ways that align poorly with research about effective instruction for students with LD. However, prior research has focused on typical secondary content-area teachers, and we know little about how expert secondary content-area teachers think about instruction for students with LD. We used hermeneutic phenomenological methods to explore expert content-area teachers’ pedagogical schemas for teaching literacy to secondary students with LD. We found teachers’ pedagogical schemas were shaped by their goals for students and the role they believed learning difficulties played in achieving those goals. This led them to integrate literacy and disciplinary instruction to support students’ learning. The findings extend and support existing research on teachers’ expertise, and have implications for future efforts to develop secondary content-area teachers’ expertise in teaching students with LD.
中学内容领域的教师很少对学习障碍(LD)学生使用基于研究的实践,并且先前的研究表明,他们通常将教学概念化的方式与关于学习障碍学生有效教学的研究不一致。然而,先前的研究主要集中在典型的中学内容领域的教师身上。我们对专业的中学内容领域教师如何看待对有学习障碍的学生的教学知之甚少。我们使用解释学现象学方法来探索专业的内容领域教师对有学习障碍的中学生进行识字教学的教学模式。我们发现教师的教学模式是由他们对学生的目标以及他们认为学习困难在实现这些目标中所起的作用所塑造的。这导致他们将识字和学科教学结合起来,以支持学生的学习。研究结果扩展和支持了现有的教师专业知识研究,并对未来努力发展二级内容领域教师在教学学习障碍学生方面的专业知识具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 4
Group Stability and Reading Profiles of Students With Dyslexia: A Double-Deficit Perspective 阅读障碍学生的群体稳定性和阅读概况:双缺陷视角
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/0731948720963694
Rachel Younger, Elizabeth B. Meisinger
This study examined the Double-Deficit Hypothesis (DDH) by classifying students with dyslexia into four distinct groups, comparing group differences on text-level reading tasks, and examining group stability across one school year (fall to spring). Elementary students (N = 109) were administered measures of reading fluency, reading comprehension, and phonological processing across the school year. DDH group membership was determined by the presence of phonological awareness deficits (PD), naming speed deficits (NSD), double-deficits (DD) in both skills, or no deficits for typically developing (TD) readers. The McNemar test was used to determine the stability of DDH group membership. Analysis of covariance was used to compare DDH groups on text-level reading tasks at each time point after controlling for gender. Overall, reading profiles across the fall DDH groups were congruent with DDH theory, but instability was found in the reading patterns and group membership across time. Nearly half (47.71%) of participants changed DDH groups across the school year, and reading skill differences between the single-deficit groups dissipated in the spring. Results provide partial support for the DDH subgroups. More research is needed to understand the utility of the DDH subtypes for future assessment and intervention practices.
本研究通过将阅读障碍学生分为四组,比较文本水平阅读任务的组间差异,并考察一个学年(秋季至春季)的组间稳定性,检验了双缺陷假说(DDH)。小学生(N=109)在整个学年接受了阅读流畅性、阅读理解和语音处理的测量。DDH组成员由语音意识缺陷(PD)、命名速度缺陷(NSD)、两种技能的双重缺陷(DD)或典型发展(TD)读者的无缺陷的存在来决定。使用McNemar检验来确定DDH基团成员的稳定性。协方差分析用于比较DDH组在控制性别后的每个时间点的文本水平阅读任务。总体而言,秋季DDH小组的阅读情况与DDH理论一致,但随着时间的推移,阅读模式和小组成员关系不稳定。近一半(47.71%)的参与者在整个学年中改变了DDH组,单一缺陷组之间的阅读技能差异在春季消失。结果为DDH亚组提供了部分支持。需要更多的研究来了解DDH亚型在未来评估和干预实践中的效用。
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引用次数: 0
Individual Differences in Word-Level Skills and Paragraph Reading Comprehension in a (Semi-) Transparent Orthography (半)透明正字法中单词水平技能和段落阅读理解的个体差异
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-10-09 DOI: 10.1177/0731948720963664
T. Logvinenko, C. Cheek, S. Khalaf, N. A. Prikhoda, M. Zhukova, E. Grigorenko
Research into reading difficulties in Russian has been taking place for about a century, since the 1920s. Early research established a line of studies on reading acquisition difficulties in the context of highly structured practices of teaching reading. These practices were propagated in the mid-late 19th century by Konstantin Ushinskii, who designed a mass system for the directed teaching of reading in Russian based on the mastery of spoken Russian (namely its phonics, phonology, orthography, and morphology). During the Soviet period, this approach was packaged in a universal system that included programs for children and adults, and appears to have been responsible for the high literacy rates (i.e., near 100%) at the end of the last century. In the 1990s, an explosion of diverse reading programs surfaced, claiming to offer a contrast to the Ushinskii system’s universal but “boring” content. Nevertheless, the Ushinskii system regained popularity in the early years of the 21st century. Reincarnated and modernized, it once again constitutes the foundation of reading instruction in Russian schools. This article investigates the distribution of various reading-related skills among Russian primary-school students (Grades 2–4) in the context of this universally strong approach to teaching reading.
自20世纪20年代以来,对俄语阅读困难的研究已经进行了大约一个世纪。早期的研究在高度结构化的阅读教学实践中建立了一系列关于阅读习得困难的研究。康斯坦丁·乌辛斯基在19世纪中后期推广了这些做法,他在掌握俄语口语(即语音、音韵学、正字法和形态学)的基础上,设计了一个俄语阅读指导教学的大众系统。在苏联时期,这种方法被包装在一个包括儿童和成人项目的通用系统中,似乎是上世纪末高识字率(即接近100%)的原因。20世纪90年代,多样化的阅读节目激增,声称与Ushinskii系统普遍但“无聊”的内容形成了鲜明对比。尽管如此,乌辛斯基制度在21世纪初重新流行起来。经过转世和现代化,它再次成为俄罗斯学校阅读教学的基础。本文调查了在这种普遍强烈的阅读教学方法的背景下,俄罗斯小学生(2-4年级)各种阅读相关技能的分布情况。
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引用次数: 1
Teaching Geometry to Students With Learning Disabilities: Introduction to the Special Series 学习困难学生的几何教学:专题系列介绍
IF 1.8 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.1177/0731948720959769
Dake Zhang
This article introduces and contextualizes the four articles that constitute the thematic special series on geometry instruction for students with learning disabilities or difficulties. The four articles, each emphasizing one important aspect of geometry learning and instruction for students with learning difficulties or disabilities, are aimed to answer critical questions raised by special education/math education researchers and practitioners on how to teach geometry to students with learning disabilities or difficulties.
这篇文章介绍了四篇文章,这些文章构成了对有学习障碍或有学习困难的学生的几何教学专题系列。这四篇文章,每一篇都强调了有学习困难或有学习障碍的学生几何学习和教学的一个重要方面,旨在回答特殊教育/数学教育研究人员和实践者提出的关于如何向有学习障碍或有学习障碍的学生教授几何的关键问题。
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引用次数: 2
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Learning Disability Quarterly
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