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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Dissociation in a Clinical Sample of Refugees in the Netherlands: Evidence for a Dissociative Subtype.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2448429
Simone de la Rie, Sem Kruijt, Elena Stojimirović, Niels van der Aa, Paul A Boelen

An increasing number of studies have been investigating the co-occurrence of posttraumatic symptoms and dissociation in trauma-exposed samples. As traumatized refugees are particularly susceptible to developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PTSD and dissociation in a traumatized refugee sample. Cross-sectional data from a clinical refugee sample (N = 526) were collected. Latent class analysis (LCA) examined different classes of PTSD, based on the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) items. Subsequently, it was examined whether cumulative trauma, sexual trauma and general psychopathology predicted class membership. The LCA identified five classes. The classes were summarized as (1) "High PTSD," (2) "Moderate PTSD," (3) "High PTSD with high loss of interest," (4) "High PTSD with moderate loss of interest," and (5) "PTSD-DS." PTSD DS (10% of the sample) was characterized by high PTSD symptoms, as well as high depersonalization and derealization symptoms. The majority (61.4%) of this group has been exposed to sexual trauma. Overall endorsement of PTSD symptoms was extremely high in this clinical sample of refugees. A group evidencing the PTSD dissociative subtype was identified.

{"title":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Dissociation in a Clinical Sample of Refugees in the Netherlands: Evidence for a Dissociative Subtype.","authors":"Simone de la Rie, Sem Kruijt, Elena Stojimirović, Niels van der Aa, Paul A Boelen","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2024.2448429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2024.2448429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An increasing number of studies have been investigating the co-occurrence of posttraumatic symptoms and dissociation in trauma-exposed samples. As traumatized refugees are particularly susceptible to developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PTSD and dissociation in a traumatized refugee sample. Cross-sectional data from a clinical refugee sample (<i>N</i> = 526) were collected. Latent class analysis (LCA) examined different classes of PTSD, based on the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) items. Subsequently, it was examined whether cumulative trauma, sexual trauma and general psychopathology predicted class membership. The LCA identified five classes. The classes were summarized as (1) \"High PTSD,\" (2) \"Moderate PTSD,\" (3) \"High PTSD with high loss of interest,\" (4) \"High PTSD with moderate loss of interest,\" and (5) \"PTSD-DS.\" PTSD DS (10% of the sample) was characterized by high PTSD symptoms, as well as high depersonalization and derealization symptoms. The majority (61.4%) of this group has been exposed to sexual trauma. Overall endorsement of PTSD symptoms was extremely high in this clinical sample of refugees. A group evidencing the PTSD dissociative subtype was identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissociation and Emotion Dysregulation: New Findings and Nuances.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2025.2454865
Julian D Ford
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引用次数: 0
The Mediating Role of Depersonalization on the Relationship Between Sleep and Psychological Well-Being in an Online Adult Community Sample.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2448424
Helen Cahill, Jonathan Egan, Ciara Egan

Poor sleep quality has been linked to both poor psychological and physical well-being. Mood and anxiety levels are affected by poor quality sleep, and the relationship between these variables appears to be mediated by a tendency to depersonalize or not. This study examines these relationships in 112 Adults (Female = 82, Male = 30), via an online study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire4, Cambridge Depersonalization Scale-9, and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 were administered using the Gorilla platform. The following variables were analyzed using correlation statistics, and mediation analyses: sleep quality, anxiety, depression, somatic pain, and depersonalization. Poor sleep quality was associated with higher levels of all psychological variables. As predicted, depersonalization mediated the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety, depression and somatic concerns. The findings indicate that sleep quality and the mediating effect of depersonalization have a significant impact on psychological well-being in adults.

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Depersonalization on the Relationship Between Sleep and Psychological Well-Being in an Online Adult Community Sample.","authors":"Helen Cahill, Jonathan Egan, Ciara Egan","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2024.2448424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2024.2448424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor sleep quality has been linked to both poor psychological and physical well-being. Mood and anxiety levels are affected by poor quality sleep, and the relationship between these variables appears to be mediated by a tendency to depersonalize or not. This study examines these relationships in 112 Adults (Female = 82, Male = 30), via an online study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire4, Cambridge Depersonalization Scale-9, and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 were administered using the Gorilla platform. The following variables were analyzed using correlation statistics, and mediation analyses: sleep quality, anxiety, depression, somatic pain, and depersonalization. Poor sleep quality was associated with higher levels of all psychological variables. As predicted, depersonalization mediated the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety, depression and somatic concerns. The findings indicate that sleep quality and the mediating effect of depersonalization have a significant impact on psychological well-being in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Defense Mechanisms and Dissociation Symptoms Link the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experience and Somatization Symptoms in Faroese Adolescents.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2448423
Paulo Ferrajão, Júlia Fonte, Ask Elklit

Exposure to multiple adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is a risk factor for the development and increase in somatization symptoms among adolescents. Defense mechanisms and dissociation may play a key role in the association between these variables. The aim of the study was to analyze the indirect association between direct and indirect exposure to ACEs with somatization symptoms through defense mechanisms and dissociation symptoms in Faroese adolescents. The sample consisted of 687 Faroese adolescents, who completed validated self-report questionnaires that assessed the variables under study. Serial multiple mediation models were tested by conducting a structural equation modeling employing Preacher and Hayes' procedures (2008). Results showed that both direct and indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs was indirectly related to somatization symptoms through immature defenses and dissociation symptoms. Indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs was also indirectly related to somatization symptoms through neurotic defenses and dissociation symptoms. It was also observed that indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs was indirectly related to somatization symptoms through immature and neurotic defense mechanisms. The results suggest the central role of both defense mechanisms and dissociation symptoms in the association between direct and indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs and somatization symptoms in Faroese adolescents.

{"title":"Do Defense Mechanisms and Dissociation Symptoms Link the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experience and Somatization Symptoms in Faroese Adolescents.","authors":"Paulo Ferrajão, Júlia Fonte, Ask Elklit","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2024.2448423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2024.2448423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to multiple adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is a risk factor for the development and increase in somatization symptoms among adolescents. Defense mechanisms and dissociation may play a key role in the association between these variables. The aim of the study was to analyze the indirect association between direct and indirect exposure to ACEs with somatization symptoms through defense mechanisms and dissociation symptoms in Faroese adolescents. The sample consisted of 687 Faroese adolescents, who completed validated self-report questionnaires that assessed the variables under study. Serial multiple mediation models were tested by conducting a structural equation modeling employing Preacher and Hayes' procedures (2008). Results showed that both direct and indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs was indirectly related to somatization symptoms through immature defenses and dissociation symptoms. Indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs was also indirectly related to somatization symptoms through neurotic defenses and dissociation symptoms. It was also observed that indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs was indirectly related to somatization symptoms through immature and neurotic defense mechanisms. The results suggest the central role of both defense mechanisms and dissociation symptoms in the association between direct and indirect exposure to multiple types of ACEs and somatization symptoms in Faroese adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Moderating Role of Context Processing in the Intergenerational Transmission of Posttraumatic Stress.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2025.2450417
Shannen Graf, Ryan J Murray, André Frei, Lara Detoledo, Sophie Wood, Mathilde Morisod, Dominik A Moser, Sébastien Urben, Daniel S Schechter

This pilot study aimed to understand the moderating role of context processing (i.e. encoding and memorizing) when mothers are confronted with threatening stimuli and undergo physiologic monitoring in order to understand a possible mechanism favoring intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress. Thirty-one mothers (M age = 33.87 years, SD = 4.14) and their toddlers (M age = 22.66 months, SD = 7.01) participated in the study. Mothers reported adverse life events (ALE), their current posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), as well as regulatory problems of their toddler. Mothers performed a context-encoding and -memory (CEM) task including emotional facial expressions (especially angry faces considered as threatening stimuli) embedded into photo-backgrounds, after which they were asked to recognize both the faces and contexts. Maternal heart rate variability (HRV) was measured during resting state. Maternal current PTSS, but not ALE, had impact on child dysregulation only for mothers with poor context processing (β = 0.014, p = .017). Baseline HRV was negatively correlated with the recognition of contexts previously associated with angry faces (ρ = -.53, p = .006), and marginally with the recognition of angry faces (ρ = -.37, p = .059). This pilot study identifies psychophysiological markers (i.e. CEM, HRV) that may influence the intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress. This may open new avenues in early identification and intervention with traumatized mothers and their toddlers.

{"title":"The Moderating Role of Context Processing in the Intergenerational Transmission of Posttraumatic Stress.","authors":"Shannen Graf, Ryan J Murray, André Frei, Lara Detoledo, Sophie Wood, Mathilde Morisod, Dominik A Moser, Sébastien Urben, Daniel S Schechter","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2025.2450417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2025.2450417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pilot study aimed to understand the moderating role of context processing (i.e. encoding and memorizing) when mothers are confronted with threatening stimuli and undergo physiologic monitoring in order to understand a possible mechanism favoring intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress. Thirty-one mothers (M age = 33.87 years, SD = 4.14) and their toddlers (M age = 22.66 months, SD = 7.01) participated in the study. Mothers reported adverse life events (ALE), their current posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), as well as regulatory problems of their toddler. Mothers performed a context-encoding and -memory (CEM) task including emotional facial expressions (especially angry faces considered as threatening stimuli) embedded into photo-backgrounds, after which they were asked to recognize both the faces and contexts. Maternal heart rate variability (HRV) was measured during resting state. Maternal current PTSS, but not ALE, had impact on child dysregulation only for mothers with poor context processing (<i>β</i> = 0.014, <i>p</i> = .017). Baseline HRV was negatively correlated with the recognition of contexts previously associated with angry faces (<i>ρ</i> = -.53, <i>p</i> = .006), and marginally with the recognition of angry faces (<i>ρ</i> = -.37, <i>p</i> = .059). This pilot study identifies psychophysiological markers (i.e. CEM, HRV) that may influence the intergenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress. This may open new avenues in early identification and intervention with traumatized mothers and their toddlers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shame as Affect Regulation in Dissociative Identity Disorder.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2448419
Richard A Hohfeler

The abusive and/or neglectful relational mis-attunement disrupts ongoing developmental growth and binds attachments to abusive caregivers. This shame-based relational frame then becomes a template for subsequent relationships and self-definitions. Shame and dissociation combine to provide a paradoxical and powerful self-protective form of self-regulation via a dis-enlivened existence that enables people with DID to live with otherwise potentially dysregulating affects and relationships. Shame-activated defenses and extreme inhibition of feeling couple with dissociative compartmentalization to limit affective awareness and enable the wounded individual to hide from the life around them and within them.

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引用次数: 0
Didn't Even Blink: Dissociation, Complex Trauma Exposure and Decreased Startle Reactivity.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2429445
Wendy D'Andrea, Steven Freed, Jonathan DePierro, Brady Nelson, Christopher Seemann, Scott McKernan, Thomas Wilson, Nnamdi Pole

The startle eyeblink reflex is thought to function as a means of orienting to salient stimuli, and, by proxy, sensitivity to threat cues. The absence or attenuation of this reflex may thus suggest disengagement from one's environment, potentially in circumstances when engagement is called for, and, therefore, may serve as a potential marker for dissociation as it occurs. The present study investigates whether individual differences in startle response magnitude and habituation are attributable to early and multiple trauma exposure, dissociation, and PTSD symptom severity. Fifty-four Black college students with at least one traumatic event completed self-report measures of trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and in-task dissociation, and underwent a standard acoustic startle task. Startle data were analyzed for quadratic trauma feature (symptoms/exposure) by time interactions in order to detect nonlinear decreases in reactivity. Participants with earlier trauma (before age 6) and greater in-task dissociation showed significantly decreased startle reactivity, but neither multiple trauma exposures nor PTSD were related to startle reactivity. Contrary to expectations of solely exaggerated startle reactivity, the group with early life trauma exposure and dissociative experiences had attenuated startle reactivity compared to their peers with later-onset exposure and lower dissociation. Data are consistent with the existing literature on DSM-5 Dissociative subtype of PTSD, and supports the notion that some symptomatic individuals may in fact benefit from greater engagement with their environments, which may counter a notion of habituation to stressors as a primary therapeutic goal.

{"title":"Didn't Even Blink: Dissociation, Complex Trauma Exposure and Decreased Startle Reactivity.","authors":"Wendy D'Andrea, Steven Freed, Jonathan DePierro, Brady Nelson, Christopher Seemann, Scott McKernan, Thomas Wilson, Nnamdi Pole","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2024.2429445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2024.2429445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The startle eyeblink reflex is thought to function as a means of orienting to salient stimuli, and, by proxy, sensitivity to threat cues. The absence or attenuation of this reflex may thus suggest disengagement from one's environment, potentially in circumstances when engagement is called for, and, therefore, may serve as a potential marker for dissociation as it occurs. The present study investigates whether individual differences in startle response magnitude and habituation are attributable to early and multiple trauma exposure, dissociation, and PTSD symptom severity. Fifty-four Black college students with at least one traumatic event completed self-report measures of trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and in-task dissociation, and underwent a standard acoustic startle task. Startle data were analyzed for quadratic trauma feature (symptoms/exposure) by time interactions in order to detect nonlinear decreases in reactivity. Participants with earlier trauma (before age 6) and greater in-task dissociation showed significantly decreased startle reactivity, but neither multiple trauma exposures nor PTSD were related to startle reactivity. Contrary to expectations of solely exaggerated startle reactivity, the group with early life trauma exposure and dissociative experiences had attenuated startle reactivity compared to their peers with later-onset exposure and lower dissociation. Data are consistent with the existing literature on DSM-5 Dissociative subtype of PTSD, and supports the notion that some symptomatic individuals may in fact benefit from greater engagement with their environments, which may counter a notion of habituation to stressors as a primary therapeutic goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation and Basic Psychological Needs: Association Between Childhood Trauma and Young Adults' Psychological Functioning from a Self-Determination Theory Perspective.
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2429474
Asma Rashid, Jolene van der Kaap-Deeder, Mariangela Abbate, Sebastiano Costa

Numerous studies have shown the detrimental effects of childhood trauma on individuals' psychological functioning. This study examined the relation from childhood traumatic experiences to dissociation, life satisfaction, and attitude toward seeking psychological help while additionally shedding light on the possible mediating role of emotion regulation and basic psychological needs based on the framework of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 489 Italian young adults (Mage = 23.63, SDage = 3.53, 68.7% female) through an online survey. Findings indicated positive associations between childhood trauma and emotion dysregulation, suppression, need frustration, and dissociation. In contrast, negative associations were found with emotion integration, need satisfaction, life satisfaction, and attitude toward seeking psychological help. Structural equation modeling analysis supported the hypothesized indirect associations, suggesting that childhood trauma is indirectly associated with 1) higher levels of dissociation through increased emotion dysregulation, emotion suppression, and need frustration; 2) lower life satisfaction via higher emotion dysregulation and need frustration, as well as diminished need satisfaction and emotion integration; and 3) less positive attitude toward seeking psychological help by elevated emotion suppression and reduced emotion integration. These findings validate SDT as a potent framework for understanding the nuanced pathways from childhood trauma to adult psychological functioning, providing the groundwork for intervention development and a pathway for further exploration with clinical populations.

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引用次数: 0
Betrayal Trauma and Personality Pathology: An Integrated Review. 背叛创伤与人格病理学:综合评论》。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2429465
Matthew M Yalch, Abbey L Robbins

Personality pathology is a common and debilitating problem for many, and among the factors associated with personality pathology is trauma. Recent research on the association between personality pathology and trauma has highlighted the role of trauma perpetrated by a person whom the victim trusts and/or relies upon for support (i.e., betrayal trauma). There is an increasing number of studies on the association between betrayal trauma and a range of different forms of personality pathology, although neither these studies nor the more general bodies of the literature on which they draw (i.e., in both trauma and personality pathology) have been meaningfully integrated. The goals of this paper are threefold. We first review relevant theories and research on trauma (definition, diagnosis, and different typologies, including betrayal trauma) and personality pathology (conceptualization, risk factors). Second, we review and integrate research on the association between betrayal trauma and different forms of personality pathology (e.g. antisocial/psychopathic, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, schizoid, and schizotypal). Finally, we use this integration to suggest directions for future research on and clinical application with respect to the intersection of betrayal trauma and personality pathology.

对许多人来说,人格病理学是一个常见的、使人衰弱的问题,而与人格病理学相关的因素包括创伤。最近关于人格病理学与创伤之间关系的研究强调了受害者所信任和/或依赖的人所造成的创伤(即背叛创伤)的作用。关于背叛创伤与一系列不同形式的人格病理学之间关系的研究越来越多,但这些研究和它们所借鉴的更广泛的文献(即创伤和人格病理学方面的文献)都没有得到有意义的整合。本文的目标有三个方面。首先,我们回顾了关于创伤(定义、诊断和不同类型,包括背叛创伤)和人格病理学(概念化、风险因素)的相关理论和研究。其次,我们回顾并整合了有关背叛创伤与不同形式人格病理学(如反社会/精神病理学、边缘型、组织型、自恋型、强迫型、分裂型和精神分裂型)之间关联的研究。最后,我们利用这种整合,就背叛创伤与人格病理学的交叉点提出了未来研究和临床应用的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Child Dissociation: The Descriptive Psychopathology Analysis of a Case. 儿童分离:一个病例的描述性精神病理学分析。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2024.2425087
Wing Ki Kwok, Chui-De Chiu, Bethany L Brand, Leong Ki Nicky Chan, Hoi Lam Ho

With a reliable retrospective link to early-life traumatic stress, dissociation has been formulated as a pathology of abnormal socioemotional development. Dissociation hence should be identifiable and diagnosable in childhood. This study aimed to address the extent to which current formulation and diagnostic criteria of adult dissociation is applicable to children. This case study documented and analyzed the potentially dissociative experiences and behaviors in a 11-year-old boy from a residential facility accommodating children from high-risk families. The first-person account from the child client about his potentially dissociative experiences and the observations of the clinician witnessing the targeted behaviors were documented, revealing a symptom profile similar to adult dissociation. Dissociation disrupted multiple domains of typically integrated mental functioning including memory, consciousness, and the sense of self. The child client presented unusual forgetfulness that was observed by others, while the child himself was able to describe experiences involving gaps in consciousness and a fragmented and disconnected sense of self. This case study renders support for the current formulation of dissociative pathology and its applicability to high-risk cases in early developmental stages. This finding also indicates the importance of trauma-informed care in child residential settings. With gentle guiding prompts, children are able to recognize and articulate unusual experiences, facilitating the early identification of dissociation.

解离与早年的创伤压力有着可靠的回溯联系,因此被认为是一种社会情感发育异常的病理现象。因此,解离症在儿童时期就应该可以识别和诊断。本研究旨在探讨成人解离症的现有表述和诊断标准在多大程度上适用于儿童。本案例研究记录并分析了一名来自高危家庭儿童寄宿机构的 11 岁男孩的潜在解离体验和行为。研究记录了儿童客户对其潜在解离经历的第一人称叙述,以及临床医生对其目标行为的观察,揭示了与成人解离相似的症状特征。解离破坏了多个领域的典型综合心理功能,包括记忆、意识和自我意识。儿童客户表现出不寻常的健忘,其他人也能观察到,而儿童本人则能描述出意识空白、自我意识支离破碎和断裂的经历。这一案例研究支持了目前对分离性病理学的表述及其对早期发育阶段高风险病例的适用性。这一发现也表明了在儿童寄宿环境中开展创伤知情护理的重要性。在温和的引导提示下,儿童能够识别和表达不寻常的经历,从而有助于早期识别解离症。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
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