Car sharing is often celebrated as a new opportunity for a more sustainable mobility. One of its potential social benefits is the possibility for low-income, carless households to gain or maintain vehicle access without bearing the full costs of car ownership. However, poor attention has so far been paid to the effective potential of car sharing to improve the mobility options for disadvantaged people. In this paper a socio-spatial-justice approach is adopted to verify this potential in three Italian cities (Rome, Milan and Turin), where private transport plays a key role in mobility choices of citizens. The results reveal that car sharing increases accessibility levels for everybody in absolute terms, but in relative terms the spatial availability of this service is greater for car-owning households than for carless ones. A few speculations are proposed to explain these results, with reference to spatial strategies adopted by car-sharing operators.
{"title":"Car sharing and socio-spatial justice: evidences from three Italian cities","authors":"Elena Pede, Luca Staricco","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Car sharing is often celebrated as a new opportunity for a more sustainable mobility. One of its potential social benefits is the possibility for low-income, carless households to gain or maintain vehicle access without bearing the full costs of car ownership. However, poor attention has so far been paid to the effective potential of car sharing to improve the mobility options for disadvantaged people. In this paper a socio-spatial-justice approach is adopted to verify this potential in three Italian cities (Rome, Milan and Turin), where private transport plays a key role in mobility choices of citizens. The results reveal that car sharing increases accessibility levels for everybody in absolute terms, but in relative terms the spatial availability of this service is greater for car-owning households than for carless ones. A few speculations are proposed to explain these results, with reference to spatial strategies adopted by car-sharing operators.","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"479-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42329274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Governments are increasingly facing conflicting land uses in cities. Many governments strongly aspire to provide green spaces for the public, yet simultaneously stimulate private preferences for real-estate development. This paper argues that examining the interrelationship between land ownership and control over land clarifies the provision of green spaces in the context of private preferences for development. It presents a case study of the Carré de Soie urban development in which the government aspires to an abundance of green but concurrently encourages the market to take the initiative. The findings show that the lack of public land ownership combined with private actors having a say in control over land fell short in satisfying public aspirations for green spaces. This paper concludes that if cities need to become greener, recognising the role of the government to act in the public interest is of utmost importance.
{"title":"Greening the city between public needs and private preferences in Carré de Soie, Lyon","authors":"Lilian van Karnenbeek","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2021.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2021.3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Governments are increasingly facing conflicting land uses in cities. Many governments strongly aspire to provide green spaces for the public, yet simultaneously stimulate private preferences for real-estate development. This paper argues that examining the interrelationship between land ownership and control over land clarifies the provision of green spaces in the context of private preferences for development. It presents a case study of the Carré de Soie urban development in which the government aspires to an abundance of green but concurrently encourages the market to take the initiative. The findings show that the lack of public land ownership combined with private actors having a say in control over land fell short in satisfying public aspirations for green spaces. This paper concludes that if cities need to become greener, recognising the role of the government to act in the public interest is of utmost importance.","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"461-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43714402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable community governance and management of urban housing and local environment","authors":"P. Wakely, Sarath Martaraarachchi","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2021.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2021.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"443-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42691284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of brand personality is increasingly applied to the contemporary city. During the ‘Troubles’, Belfast - as a ‘pariah city’ - was contaminated with a sclerotic image. Recently it has been rebranded as a ‘post-conflict’ and ‘energised’ city. This paper reveals the significant image transformation in Belfast and its recent engagement with city brand personality. Despite significant progress on destination personality and brand identity, problems remain with regard to brand image and Belfast’s contested past. In addressing the important temporal dimension, this paper adds valuable new insights into our knowledge of city brand personality.
{"title":"All aboard Belfast’s ‘brandwagon’: from ‘pariah city’ to ‘energised city’","authors":"P. Boland, S. McKay","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The concept of brand personality is increasingly applied to the contemporary city. During the ‘Troubles’, Belfast - as a ‘pariah city’ - was contaminated with a sclerotic image. Recently it has been rebranded as a ‘post-conflict’ and ‘energised’ city. This paper reveals the significant image transformation in Belfast and its recent engagement with city brand personality. Despite significant progress on destination personality and brand identity, problems remain with regard to brand image and Belfast’s contested past. In addressing the important temporal dimension, this paper adds valuable new insights into our knowledge of city brand personality.","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43521650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the moment the Spanish government declared a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic, every day at 8 p m , hundreds of thousands of citizens dedicated mass applause from their balconies and windows to show their gratitude to the doctors and nurses taking care of those affected by the outbreak Immediately after the applause, some residents played a list of iconic songs suited to the times of forced quarantine, social distancing and anguished uncertainty However, it should not be surprising that the subversive subtexts of both iconic songs are not commonly recognized in the new public soundscape of urban Spain that has emerged in pandemic times Indeed, what one could say is that the everyday COVID-19 soundscape appeared to consist of a complex acoustic magma resulting from the dramatic social, economic and cultural reshaping of daily urban life: kids playing, laughing, crying and/or screaming;the public sharing of Spotify playlists seeking neighbors' public approval;histrionic television journalists reporting COVID-19 developments in real time throughout the day;some neighbors conversing among themselves, singing songs from their balconies or windows, or even playing bingo with microphones
{"title":"The city of (dis-)trust: balconies, the biopoliticised self and the new everyday governmentality of the public space in Madrid in times of COVID-19","authors":"Begoña Aramayona, J. Nofre","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.91","url":null,"abstract":"From the moment the Spanish government declared a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic, every day at 8 p m , hundreds of thousands of citizens dedicated mass applause from their balconies and windows to show their gratitude to the doctors and nurses taking care of those affected by the outbreak Immediately after the applause, some residents played a list of iconic songs suited to the times of forced quarantine, social distancing and anguished uncertainty However, it should not be surprising that the subversive subtexts of both iconic songs are not commonly recognized in the new public soundscape of urban Spain that has emerged in pandemic times Indeed, what one could say is that the everyday COVID-19 soundscape appeared to consist of a complex acoustic magma resulting from the dramatic social, economic and cultural reshaping of daily urban life: kids playing, laughing, crying and/or screaming;the public sharing of Spotify playlists seeking neighbors' public approval;histrionic television journalists reporting COVID-19 developments in real time throughout the day;some neighbors conversing among themselves, singing songs from their balconies or windows, or even playing bingo with microphones","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"257-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44284992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.30495/TPR.2021.680483
S. Singh, Ritu Mishra, R. K. Agnihotri
Pluchea lanceolata, commonly known as Rasana, is highly valued for its anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and analgesic properties and is extensively employed in treating rheumatoid arthritis, cough, neurological diseases, edema, sciatica, psoriasis, bronchitis, dyspepsia, and piles. Shrinking populations and insufficient variation due to rootstock propagation methods warrant efficient mass multiplication and conservation protocols. In the present study, explant (axillaries bud was cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins and auxin (PGRs) individually, as well as in combination. The highest mean shoot number (2.06 ± 1.43) and second highest mean shoot length (2.62 ± 1.49 cm) were obtained in MS media enriched with 4 mg/L Benzyl amino purine (BAP) + 1mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Whereas, the best shoots multiplication (2.62 ± 1.41) and shoots elongation (5.88 ± 2.44) responses were displayed when MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L (BAP) +0.50 mg/L Kinetin (KIN) were used.
{"title":"In-vitro propagation of Pluchea lanceolata (DC) C.B.Clarke a potent antiarthritic medicinal herb through axillary bud","authors":"S. Singh, Ritu Mishra, R. K. Agnihotri","doi":"10.30495/TPR.2021.680483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30495/TPR.2021.680483","url":null,"abstract":"Pluchea lanceolata, commonly known as Rasana, is highly valued for its anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and analgesic properties and is extensively employed in treating rheumatoid arthritis, cough, neurological diseases, edema, sciatica, psoriasis, bronchitis, dyspepsia, and piles. Shrinking populations and insufficient variation due to rootstock propagation methods warrant efficient mass multiplication and conservation protocols. In the present study, explant (axillaries bud was cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins and auxin (PGRs) individually, as well as in combination. The highest mean shoot number (2.06 ± 1.43) and second highest mean shoot length (2.62 ± 1.49 cm) were obtained in MS media enriched with 4 mg/L Benzyl amino purine (BAP) + 1mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Whereas, the best shoots multiplication (2.62 ± 1.41) and shoots elongation (5.88 ± 2.44) responses were displayed when MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L (BAP) +0.50 mg/L Kinetin (KIN) were used.","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"5 1","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45134241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
National, regional and city leaders have been calling for a rapid expansion of cycling and walking infrastructure as a response to transport issues arising from COVID-19 Here, Dunning and Nurse explore how the expansion and introduction of active-travel networks can be rapidly facilitated as a by-product of the automobile obsession of twentieth-century planning
{"title":"The surprising availability of cycling and walking infrastructure through COVID-19","authors":"Richard Dunning, A. Nurse","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.35","url":null,"abstract":"National, regional and city leaders have been calling for a rapid expansion of cycling and walking infrastructure as a response to transport issues arising from COVID-19 Here, Dunning and Nurse explore how the expansion and introduction of active-travel networks can be rapidly facilitated as a by-product of the automobile obsession of twentieth-century planning","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"149-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45877266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Water equity, COVID-19 and the role of US cities and states","authors":"M. Warner, M. Rivas, Xue Zhang","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"221-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44213585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.30495/TPR.2021.680493
G. Happi, A. Mbobda, M. Frese, S. Kouam, J. Tchouankeu, B. Lenta, N. Sewald
A new phenylpropanoid glycoside named psorospermoside (1) possessing an allose unit was isolated from the Psorospermum tenuifolium Hook f. bark extract together with eleven known compounds. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods including 1D, 2D-NMR, and ESI-MS, as well as by comparison of their data with those reported in the literature. All the isolated compounds were assessed for their cytotoxicity effect on the human cervix carcinoma cell line KB3-1. Emodin (2) and its congener 2-geranylemodin (3) displayed significant cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 11.4 µM and 19.0µM, respectively. Furthermore, the chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds was also discussed.
{"title":"A new phenylpropanoid glucoside from Psorospermum tenuifolium Kotschy (Hypericaceae)","authors":"G. Happi, A. Mbobda, M. Frese, S. Kouam, J. Tchouankeu, B. Lenta, N. Sewald","doi":"10.30495/TPR.2021.680493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30495/TPR.2021.680493","url":null,"abstract":"A new phenylpropanoid glycoside named psorospermoside (1) possessing an allose unit was isolated from the Psorospermum tenuifolium Hook f. bark extract together with eleven known compounds. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods including 1D, 2D-NMR, and ESI-MS, as well as by comparison of their data with those reported in the literature. All the isolated compounds were assessed for their cytotoxicity effect on the human cervix carcinoma cell line KB3-1. Emodin (2) and its congener 2-geranylemodin (3) displayed significant cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 11.4 µM and 19.0µM, respectively. Furthermore, the chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds was also discussed.","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"5 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46893333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a response to COVID-19, India locked down for a continuous 68 days starting on Mar 25, 2020, during which inter-city/state and intra-city public transport was totally suspended for the first fifty days Subsequently, the trains started on the 51st day, and informally buses began carrying inter-state and intra-state migrants fleeing cities not just in fear of COVID-19, but of unemployment and thus income loss, and subsequently made homeless by their employers or their landlords during the stringently enforced lockdown On the 55th day of the lockdown the plying of intra-city bus-based public transport was permitted, and on the 69th day intermediate public transport (IPT), namely auto-rickshaws, ubiquitously found on Indian city and suburban roads Public city bus services also began working in all cities The call on starting suburban trains and metro lines within cities would be taken in due course Economic activities opened up from June 1, 2020, but without public transport, daily commuting has become difficult, causing a potential income loss for the segment of the population dependent on public transport
{"title":"COVID-19 and the public transport conundrum in India","authors":"Darshini Mahadevia, C. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.78","url":null,"abstract":"As a response to COVID-19, India locked down for a continuous 68 days starting on Mar 25, 2020, during which inter-city/state and intra-city public transport was totally suspended for the first fifty days Subsequently, the trains started on the 51st day, and informally buses began carrying inter-state and intra-state migrants fleeing cities not just in fear of COVID-19, but of unemployment and thus income loss, and subsequently made homeless by their employers or their landlords during the stringently enforced lockdown On the 55th day of the lockdown the plying of intra-city bus-based public transport was permitted, and on the 69th day intermediate public transport (IPT), namely auto-rickshaws, ubiquitously found on Indian city and suburban roads Public city bus services also began working in all cities The call on starting suburban trains and metro lines within cities would be taken in due course Economic activities opened up from June 1, 2020, but without public transport, daily commuting has become difficult, causing a potential income loss for the segment of the population dependent on public transport","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47947316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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