In the wake of the novel coronavirus pandemic, many have voiced the concern that social distancing in public spaces could negate the ability to connect with others and thereby diminish the sense of social belonging The reason why many find social distancing so difficult, and so off-putting is that it runs counter to so much of what makes life, especially city life, worthwhile Here, Melcher argues that social distance does not threaten people's ability to connect socially;it is a critical requirement for social interactions within public spaces Public spaces work well precisely because they allow for social distance, not because they overcome or bridge it The most important connections that public spaces provide are those of a public and social nature rather than those of an intimate or personal nature
{"title":"In praise of social distance in public spaces","authors":"K. Melcher","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.72","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of the novel coronavirus pandemic, many have voiced the concern that social distancing in public spaces could negate the ability to connect with others and thereby diminish the sense of social belonging The reason why many find social distancing so difficult, and so off-putting is that it runs counter to so much of what makes life, especially city life, worthwhile Here, Melcher argues that social distance does not threaten people's ability to connect socially;it is a critical requirement for social interactions within public spaces Public spaces work well precisely because they allow for social distance, not because they overcome or bridge it The most important connections that public spaces provide are those of a public and social nature rather than those of an intimate or personal nature","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"247-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45807243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic compelled decision makers to enforce strict physical distancing and isolation measures in order to 'flatten the curve' and contain the spread of the communicable disease These public-health measures have instigated a global conversation amongst urbanists, planners and policy makers about the future of cities in general, and the implications of the pandemic for urban density and the use of public space in particular However, absent from this worldwide discussion have been explicit considerations of how to integrate equity and inclusion into these post-COVID-19 urban futures More specifically, there is a paucity of dialogue on city building and recovery from the perspective of minority groups, and little consideration of how to engage with diverse communities and leverage their knowledge for more equitable and inclusive recovery in local communities COVID-19 has notably exacerbated urban inequalities among marginalized groups, including racial and religious minorities, immigrants and refugees, low-income families, individuals who are food-insecure, the precariously employed, and homeless and/or precariously housed Yet there has been little contemplation of how accessibility to suburban public spaces is changing in the era of COVID-19, and specifically how the proliferation of inaccessible public spaces is unequally affecting minority populations in the suburbs
{"title":"What is the future of public space? Hidden stories of immigrant suburbs during a global pandemic","authors":"Z. Zhuang, Sara Edge, J. Dean","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.69","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic compelled decision makers to enforce strict physical distancing and isolation measures in order to 'flatten the curve' and contain the spread of the communicable disease These public-health measures have instigated a global conversation amongst urbanists, planners and policy makers about the future of cities in general, and the implications of the pandemic for urban density and the use of public space in particular However, absent from this worldwide discussion have been explicit considerations of how to integrate equity and inclusion into these post-COVID-19 urban futures More specifically, there is a paucity of dialogue on city building and recovery from the perspective of minority groups, and little consideration of how to engage with diverse communities and leverage their knowledge for more equitable and inclusive recovery in local communities COVID-19 has notably exacerbated urban inequalities among marginalized groups, including racial and religious minorities, immigrants and refugees, low-income families, individuals who are food-insecure, the precariously employed, and homeless and/or precariously housed Yet there has been little contemplation of how accessibility to suburban public spaces is changing in the era of COVID-19, and specifically how the proliferation of inaccessible public spaces is unequally affecting minority populations in the suburbs","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"229-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49397111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the abrupt changes that the COVID-19 pandemic brought to daily public life -- socially and economically -- it has become clear that there will be fundamental impacts on the questions of urban proximity and interaction that Weinig and Thierstein prepared for the studio Social distancing -- in fact physical distancing -- and working from home (WFH) is changing drastically how people work, live, move, produce and consume The COVID-19 pandemic has widely created a situation of confusion, uncertainty and even despair Although some of the developments they witness have been ongoing for some time, e g through digital transformation, the speed and extent of change now are enormous Density has turned into today's enemy and physical distancing, along with community masks, is the remedy to remain until a cure and a vaccine are available, which may continue until 2021 or even 2022
{"title":"‘Being close, yet being distanced’: observations on how the COVID-19 pandemic might affect urban interaction","authors":"M. Weinig, A. Thierstein","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.68","url":null,"abstract":"With the abrupt changes that the COVID-19 pandemic brought to daily public life -- socially and economically -- it has become clear that there will be fundamental impacts on the questions of urban proximity and interaction that Weinig and Thierstein prepared for the studio Social distancing -- in fact physical distancing -- and working from home (WFH) is changing drastically how people work, live, move, produce and consume The COVID-19 pandemic has widely created a situation of confusion, uncertainty and even despair Although some of the developments they witness have been ongoing for some time, e g through digital transformation, the speed and extent of change now are enormous Density has turned into today's enemy and physical distancing, along with community masks, is the remedy to remain until a cure and a vaccine are available, which may continue until 2021 or even 2022","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"24 1","pages":"239-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69965848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban life has always been characterized by the trappings of anonymity, opportunity and even risk COVID-19 has fundamentally intensified the risks of urban life;the pandemic has been a particularly urban -- possibly peri-urban -- phenomenon It has introduced a form of epidemiological relation in urban spaces, blurring the lines between health and infirmity The hospital has always occupied a fringe aspect of the urban imagination, providing a space for treatment, observation, inoculation and recovery from ailments With the emergence of COVID-19 however, the spaces of epidemiological observation and treatment have extended beyond hospitals into urban spaces in general COVID-19 is characterized by different strains and susceptibilities to infection;for instance, younger people have comparatively milder symptoms In effect, urban social relations have become epidemiological relations;mere proximity and movement prompt questions of one's state of health Everyday spaces are deemed potential hotspots, every urbanite potentially infectious Proximity, movement and location have become matters of urban-health and public policy Various urban planning strategies have therefore been introduced to regulate urban spaces, movement, proximity and risks of infection One such strategy is the tracking of potential COVID-19 urban hotspots and populations
{"title":"COVID-19, spatio-epidemiology and urban planning","authors":"W. Otchere-Darko","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.64","url":null,"abstract":"Urban life has always been characterized by the trappings of anonymity, opportunity and even risk COVID-19 has fundamentally intensified the risks of urban life;the pandemic has been a particularly urban -- possibly peri-urban -- phenomenon It has introduced a form of epidemiological relation in urban spaces, blurring the lines between health and infirmity The hospital has always occupied a fringe aspect of the urban imagination, providing a space for treatment, observation, inoculation and recovery from ailments With the emergence of COVID-19 however, the spaces of epidemiological observation and treatment have extended beyond hospitals into urban spaces in general COVID-19 is characterized by different strains and susceptibilities to infection;for instance, younger people have comparatively milder symptoms In effect, urban social relations have become epidemiological relations;mere proximity and movement prompt questions of one's state of health Everyday spaces are deemed potential hotspots, every urbanite potentially infectious Proximity, movement and location have become matters of urban-health and public policy Various urban planning strategies have therefore been introduced to regulate urban spaces, movement, proximity and risks of infection One such strategy is the tracking of potential COVID-19 urban hotspots and populations","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43773877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Darlington‐Pollock, Les Dolega, Richard Dunning
COVID-19's impact, as a pandemic, has been global But, the extent of this impact on daily life and morbidity is shaped by national and local policy interacting with economic and environmental variables Though reported as the 'great leveller', the burden of infection and mortality disproportionately falls on those already marginalized Here, Darlington-Pollock et al consider the experiences in the UK, where COVID-19 has laid bare deep chasms in society, magnified after a decade of austerity and the global financial crisis of 2008
{"title":"Ageism, overlapping vulnerabilities and equity in the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"F. Darlington‐Pollock, Les Dolega, Richard Dunning","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.40","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19's impact, as a pandemic, has been global But, the extent of this impact on daily life and morbidity is shaped by national and local policy interacting with economic and environmental variables Though reported as the 'great leveller', the burden of infection and mortality disproportionately falls on those already marginalized Here, Darlington-Pollock et al consider the experiences in the UK, where COVID-19 has laid bare deep chasms in society, magnified after a decade of austerity and the global financial crisis of 2008","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"203-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46027106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic helped reveal much-needed insights about how people view cities and interact with public space City leaders, planners and even the public realized how much space in streets is devoted to moving automobiles at the expense of walking and bicycling Responses to the pandemic, furthermore, helped people become aware of how the character of streets can change quickly Here, King and Krizek argue that there is an urgency to act now, being on the brink of a once-in-a-century occurrence where street use is changing potentially at the same time as new vehicle types They view the condition of the pandemic as one capable of spurring rapid change to fix long-standing problems with urban transport
{"title":"Visioning transport futures through windows of opportunity: changing streets and human-scaled networks","authors":"David A. King, K. Krizek","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.60","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic helped reveal much-needed insights about how people view cities and interact with public space City leaders, planners and even the public realized how much space in streets is devoted to moving automobiles at the expense of walking and bicycling Responses to the pandemic, furthermore, helped people become aware of how the character of streets can change quickly Here, King and Krizek argue that there is an urgency to act now, being on the brink of a once-in-a-century occurrence where street use is changing potentially at the same time as new vehicle types They view the condition of the pandemic as one capable of spurring rapid change to fix long-standing problems with urban transport","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46471583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren Andres, J. Bryson, S. Denoon-Stevens, H. Bakare, K. D. Toit, Lorena Melgaço
Urban planning is at a turning point The COVID-19 pandemic calls for an alternative approach which focuses on creating healthier built environments This is especially true in Africa given rapid urbanization combined with skill shortages in planning and underinvestment Connecting health and planning is not new across Africa Forty-five per cent of African countries experience at least one epidemic annually, including cholera, measles and malaria This is partly related to the presence of dense informal and unplanned settlements, with minimal access to water, sanitation and hygiene facilities contributing to the rapid transmission of respiratory illnesses Here, Andres et al assess the health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic across Africa and examine the role of urban planning in such circumstances
{"title":"Calling for responsible inclusive planning and healthy cities in Africa","authors":"Lauren Andres, J. Bryson, S. Denoon-Stevens, H. Bakare, K. D. Toit, Lorena Melgaço","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.49","url":null,"abstract":"Urban planning is at a turning point The COVID-19 pandemic calls for an alternative approach which focuses on creating healthier built environments This is especially true in Africa given rapid urbanization combined with skill shortages in planning and underinvestment Connecting health and planning is not new across Africa Forty-five per cent of African countries experience at least one epidemic annually, including cholera, measles and malaria This is partly related to the presence of dense informal and unplanned settlements, with minimal access to water, sanitation and hygiene facilities contributing to the rapid transmission of respiratory illnesses Here, Andres et al assess the health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic across Africa and examine the role of urban planning in such circumstances","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47151099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.30495/TPR.2021.680480
M. Hussain, Tanoy Mazumder
Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht has been commonly used in many indigenous clinical complications to healing various ailments. A list of phytochemicals has been extracted and identified with multiple pharmacological and therapeutic properties from the different parts of C. speciosus (J.Koenig): sterioidal and furostanol saponins, sterioidal and furostanol glycosides, triterpene, phytoserol, sesquiterpenes, benziquinone, and fatty acid esters. Compared with other parts of the C. speciosus (J.Koenig), rhizomes are most extensively studied for their anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, astringent, depurative, expectorant, febrifuge, purgative, and toxin neutralizing properties. Generally, this plant has been reported to have a range of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and anti-diuretic, anti-larvicidal, anti-stress, and estrogenic. These findings are highly promising and indicate that the plant needs to be carefully investigated for its diverse therapeutic benefit and associated toxicities and tolerance level. The present review will discuss geographical mapping, morphology, traditional, phytochemistry, and pharmacological prospects of C. speciosus (J.Koenig).
{"title":"A comprehensive review of pharmacological and toxicological properties of Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht","authors":"M. Hussain, Tanoy Mazumder","doi":"10.30495/TPR.2021.680480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30495/TPR.2021.680480","url":null,"abstract":"Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht has been commonly used in many indigenous clinical complications to healing various ailments. A list of phytochemicals has been extracted and identified with multiple pharmacological and therapeutic properties from the different parts of C. speciosus (J.Koenig): sterioidal and furostanol saponins, sterioidal and furostanol glycosides, triterpene, phytoserol, sesquiterpenes, benziquinone, and fatty acid esters. Compared with other parts of the C. speciosus (J.Koenig), rhizomes are most extensively studied for their anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, astringent, depurative, expectorant, febrifuge, purgative, and toxin neutralizing properties. Generally, this plant has been reported to have a range of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and anti-diuretic, anti-larvicidal, anti-stress, and estrogenic. These findings are highly promising and indicate that the plant needs to be carefully investigated for its diverse therapeutic benefit and associated toxicities and tolerance level. The present review will discuss geographical mapping, morphology, traditional, phytochemistry, and pharmacological prospects of C. speciosus (J.Koenig).","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41887306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Vecchio, Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken, Stefan Steiniger
In fragile territories, the COVID-19 pandemic has often worsened pre-existing forms of vulnerability, especially socio-economic and institutional ones Chile, a structurally vulnerable country in many respects, is unfortunately a good example: its communities are exposed to natural disasters and the effects of climate change, as well as to social imbalances The latter is a result of high economic inequality emerging from the country's market-driven policies implemented under Pinochet's dictatorship, which remains mostly unaltered since the return of democracy in 1990 In an environmentally and socially fragile context that has given way to the strong protests that have paralysed Chile's public life since Oct 2019, Chilean institutions show additional elements of vulnerability The centralist tradition of the Chilean state gives a central role to national institutions, which nonetheless citizens do not trust, while municipalities are closer to local communities However, municipalities have to manage a contradictory situation: past administrative reforms put municipalities in charge of providing basic public services such as schools and healthcare, necessary for citizens who cannot access private services, but local bodies are fiscally autonomous and receive a minor contribution from a national Municipal Common Fund
{"title":"Vulnerable individuals and institutions: the double territorial burden of COVID-19 in Chile","authors":"G. Vecchio, Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken, Stefan Steiniger","doi":"10.3828/TPR.2020.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/TPR.2020.65","url":null,"abstract":"In fragile territories, the COVID-19 pandemic has often worsened pre-existing forms of vulnerability, especially socio-economic and institutional ones Chile, a structurally vulnerable country in many respects, is unfortunately a good example: its communities are exposed to natural disasters and the effects of climate change, as well as to social imbalances The latter is a result of high economic inequality emerging from the country's market-driven policies implemented under Pinochet's dictatorship, which remains mostly unaltered since the return of democracy in 1990 In an environmentally and socially fragile context that has given way to the strong protests that have paralysed Chile's public life since Oct 2019, Chilean institutions show additional elements of vulnerability The centralist tradition of the Chilean state gives a central role to national institutions, which nonetheless citizens do not trust, while municipalities are closer to local communities However, municipalities have to manage a contradictory situation: past administrative reforms put municipalities in charge of providing basic public services such as schools and healthcare, necessary for citizens who cannot access private services, but local bodies are fiscally autonomous and receive a minor contribution from a national Municipal Common Fund","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"92 1","pages":"271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45026518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.30495/TPR.2021.680495
K. Gairola, Shriya Gururani, Ravendra Kumar, O. Prakash, S. Agarwal, S. Dubey
The plant Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. belonging to family Asteraceae was subjected to hydro distillation for essential oil extraction and was chemically analyzed by GC/MS for its phytochemical composition. Thirty-five compounds were identified comprising 88.1% of total essential oil composition. Limonene (12.2%) along with sesquisabinene isomer (7.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.9%) were the prominent compounds of the essential oil. In-vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil was investigated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and metal chelating activity having IC50 value of 326.77 ± 5.34 μL and 14.853 ± 0.106 μL respectively whereas reducing power activity having RP50 value of 14.011 ± 0.0446 μL. The essential oil exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity with IB50 value of 5.629 ± 0.0311 μL compared to standard Diclofenac sodium salt having IB50 value of 23.693 ± 0.306 μg/mL. The essential oil displayed exceedingly marked anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant activities as compared to standard marketed drugs.
{"title":"Phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil of Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. grown in North India Terai region of Uttarakhand","authors":"K. Gairola, Shriya Gururani, Ravendra Kumar, O. Prakash, S. Agarwal, S. Dubey","doi":"10.30495/TPR.2021.680495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30495/TPR.2021.680495","url":null,"abstract":"The plant Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. belonging to family Asteraceae was subjected to hydro distillation for essential oil extraction and was chemically analyzed by GC/MS for its phytochemical composition. Thirty-five compounds were identified comprising 88.1% of total essential oil composition. Limonene (12.2%) along with sesquisabinene isomer (7.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.9%) were the prominent compounds of the essential oil. In-vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil was investigated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and metal chelating activity having IC50 value of 326.77 ± 5.34 μL and 14.853 ± 0.106 μL respectively whereas reducing power activity having RP50 value of 14.011 ± 0.0446 μL. The essential oil exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity with IB50 value of 5.629 ± 0.0311 μL compared to standard Diclofenac sodium salt having IB50 value of 23.693 ± 0.306 μg/mL. The essential oil displayed exceedingly marked anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant activities as compared to standard marketed drugs.","PeriodicalId":47547,"journal":{"name":"TOWN PLANNING REVIEW","volume":"5 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46055151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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