Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10094-x
Dale Ballucci
{"title":"Producing criminality: The expanding power of crime analysts","authors":"Dale Ballucci","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10094-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10094-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49414258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10095-w
Raúl Iglesias Nieto, Pierre Gaussens, Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera
This article presents the results of an investigation about forced displacement in Mexico's northeastern region-bordering the United States-where many municipalities have been affected by violence and depopulation in the past two decades (2000-2020), in the context of a so-called "drug war." From a critical perspective, the study is based on a quantitative methodology using spatial and statistical analysis to try to link forced displacement-caused by criminal violence-and the presence of important hydrocarbon deposits in the region. The main finding is that the most affected municipalities by violence are located precisely in the Burgos Basin area, which has the largest shale gas reserves in the country. The evidence gathered suggests that forced displacement in these municipalities may respond to a strategic development logic where criminal violence operates for ends that transcend it and are geopolitical in nature.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10611-023-10095-w.
{"title":"Beyond the drug war: violence, forced displacement, and shale gas in northeastern Mexico (2000-2020).","authors":"Raúl Iglesias Nieto, Pierre Gaussens, Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10095-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10611-023-10095-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents the results of an investigation about forced displacement in Mexico's northeastern region-bordering the United States-where many municipalities have been affected by violence and depopulation in the past two decades (2000-2020), in the context of a so-called \"drug war.\" From a critical perspective, the study is based on a quantitative methodology using spatial and statistical analysis to try to link forced displacement-caused by criminal violence-and the presence of important hydrocarbon deposits in the region. The main finding is that the most affected municipalities by violence are located precisely in the Burgos Basin area, which has the largest shale gas reserves in the country. The evidence gathered suggests that forced displacement in these municipalities may respond to a strategic development logic where criminal violence operates for ends that transcend it and are geopolitical in nature.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10611-023-10095-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10098988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10091339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10091-0
Fernanda Odilla
Countries have been developing and deploying anti-corruption tools based on artificial intelligence with hopes of them having positive capabilities. Yet, we still lack empirical analyses of these automated systems designed to identify and curb corruption. Hence, this article explores novel data on 31 bottom-up and top-down initiatives in Brazil, presented as a case study. Methodologically, it uses a qualitative analysis and draws on secondary data and interviews to assess the most common features, usages and constraints of these tools. Data collected are scrutinised under a new conceptual framework that considers how these tools operate, who created them for what purpose, who uses and monitors these tools, what types of corruption they are targeting, and what their tangible outcomes are. Findings suggest that in Brazil, AI-based anti-corruption technology has been tailored by tech-savvy civil servants working for law enforcement agencies and by concerned citizens with tech skills to take over the key tasks of mining and crosschecking large datasets, aiming to monitor, identify, report and predict risks and flag suspicions related to clear-cut unlawful cases. The target is corruption in key governmental functions, mainly public spending. While most of the governmental tools still lack transparency, bottom-up initiatives struggle to expand their scope due to high dependence on and limited access to open data. Because this new technology is seen as supporting human action, a low level of concern related to biased codes has been observed.
{"title":"Bots against corruption: Exploring the benefits and limitations of AI-based anti-corruption technology.","authors":"Fernanda Odilla","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10091-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10611-023-10091-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Countries have been developing and deploying anti-corruption tools based on artificial intelligence with hopes of them having positive capabilities. Yet, we still lack empirical analyses of these automated systems designed to identify and curb corruption. Hence, this article explores novel data on 31 bottom-up and top-down initiatives in Brazil, presented as a case study. Methodologically, it uses a qualitative analysis and draws on secondary data and interviews to assess the most common features, usages and constraints of these tools. Data collected are scrutinised under a new conceptual framework that considers how these tools operate, who created them for what purpose, who uses and monitors these tools, what types of corruption they are targeting, and what their tangible outcomes are. Findings suggest that in Brazil, AI-based anti-corruption technology has been tailored by tech-savvy civil servants working for law enforcement agencies and by concerned citizens with tech skills to take over the key tasks of mining and crosschecking large datasets, aiming to monitor, identify, report and predict risks and flag suspicions related to clear-cut unlawful cases. The target is corruption in key governmental functions, mainly public spending. While most of the governmental tools still lack transparency, bottom-up initiatives struggle to expand their scope due to high dependence on and limited access to open data. Because this new technology is seen as supporting human action, a low level of concern related to biased codes has been observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10039446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10072669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10092-z
E. B. Tambe, Moletsane Monyake
{"title":"The impact of corruption and clientelism on voter turnout in Africa","authors":"E. B. Tambe, Moletsane Monyake","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10092-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10092-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44411324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10089-8
Elaine Williams
{"title":"Policing the Crisis in the 21^st Century; the making of “knife crime youths” in Britain","authors":"Elaine Williams","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10089-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10089-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44950510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10088-9
Y. Krylova, L. Shelley
{"title":"Criminal street gangs and domestic sex trafficking in the United States: evidence from Northern Virginia","authors":"Y. Krylova, L. Shelley","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10088-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10088-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48746108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10090-1
Ludmila Ribeiro, Gustavo Fondevila
{"title":"Legal defense in Latin America: challenges within change","authors":"Ludmila Ribeiro, Gustavo Fondevila","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10090-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10090-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48943590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10083-0
Sarah Monod de Froideville, A. Gibbs
{"title":"Silencing Paritutu","authors":"Sarah Monod de Froideville, A. Gibbs","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10083-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10083-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47103399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10087-w
Nyakundi M. Michieka, Richard Gearhart
{"title":"Do oil price fluctuations influence criminal activity in energy rich regions? Evidence from California’s Central Valley","authors":"Nyakundi M. Michieka, Richard Gearhart","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10087-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10087-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43181024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1007/s10611-023-10079-w
Milena Ang
{"title":"Idleness as work? How public defenders do their job by waiting","authors":"Milena Ang","doi":"10.1007/s10611-023-10079-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-023-10079-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47577,"journal":{"name":"Crime Law and Social Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45042187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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