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A Scientific Creativity Scale Development Process for Science Teacher Candidates 科学教师候选人的科学创造力量表开发过程
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.587
Hamza Erdem Sisman, Nilay Aydogan, Ozlem Cankaya
This study aims to prepare a scale to determine the creativity levels of prospective teachers studying at the undergraduate level of science teaching. In this context, 15 questions, suitable for student’s level from physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy and ecology sub-branches were prepared. The questions were assessed by 5 lecturers who were experts in their fields for their opinions. After the expert opinion, the number of questions was determined as 13 and pilot study was carried out with 95 pre-service teachers studying in Inonu University Faculty of Education Science Teacher Education. The data obtained from the pilot study were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 statistical program according to Multi Surface Rasch Model. In order to determine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha was calculated and found .758. At the end of the research, the data was analyzed and the question number of the scale was determined as 10 according to the analysis results. Studies conducted on scientific creativity generally aimed to measure the scientific creativity of secondary school students. We believe that a deficiency in measuring the scientific creativity of undergraduate students at the academic level will be eliminated with the scale we developed.
本研究旨在编制一个量表,以确定未来教师在科学教学本科阶段的创造力水平。为此,我们准备了 15 道适合学生水平的物理、化学、生物、天文和生态学分科试题。这些问题由 5 位在各自领域具有专长的讲师进行评估,征求他们的意见。在听取专家意见后,确定问题数量为 13 个,并对 95 名就读于伊诺努大学教育科学师范学院的职前教师进行了试点研究。根据多表面拉施模型,使用 SPSS 21.0 统计程序对试点研究获得的数据进行了分析。为了确定量表的可靠性,计算了 Cronbach's alpha 的内部一致性系数,结果为 0.758。研究结束后,对数据进行了分析,并根据分析结果确定量表的题号为 10。关于科学创造力的研究一般以测量中学生的科学创造力为目标。我们相信,通过我们编制的量表,可以消除在测量学术层面上本科生科学创造力方面的不足。
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引用次数: 0
Review of the Concept “Self-Regulated Learning”: Defined and Used in Different Educational Contexts 回顾 "自我调节学习 "这一概念:在不同教育背景下的定义和使用
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.640
Merja Sinkkonen, Annukka Tapani
Self-regulation is increasingly needed in education. This article aims to identify (what is) the core of the concept of self-regulated learning (SRL) and to analyse how SRL is used in different contexts. We studied 108 scientific articles published in scientific journals in the period 2016-2020. The keywords to search in the Scopus database were self-regulated learning, higher education and student. SRL deals with the process whereby learners actively take charge of their learning. The researchers share the view that SRL is linked to academic success and that the development from being students to self-regulating professionals does not occur spontaneously. We found that SRL has been studied in six contexts: 1) discussion on contextual change in teaching and learning, 2) the context of e-learning, 3) the development of training in various disciplines, 4) discussion on learning disabilities and anxiety, 5) discussion on personal traits, competencies and different backgrounds and 6) theoretical contexts.
教育越来越需要自我调节。本文旨在确定自我调节学习(SRL)概念的核心(是什么),并分析 SRL 在不同背景下的应用方式。我们研究了 2016-2020 年间发表在科学期刊上的 108 篇科学文章。在 Scopus 数据库中搜索的关键词是自律学习、高等教育和学生。自律学习涉及学习者主动掌控自己学习的过程。研究人员一致认为,自律学习与学业成功息息相关,而从学生到自律专业人员的发展并不是自发的。我们发现,自律学习在六种情况下得到了研究:1) 关于教学环境变化的讨论;2) 电子学习的背景;3) 各学科培训的发展;4) 关于学习障碍和焦虑的讨论;5) 关于个人特质、能力和不同背景的讨论;6) 理论背景。
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引用次数: 0
Children’s Literature: A Contribution to the Emergence of Science in the Early Years 儿童文学:对幼儿期科学萌芽的贡献
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.613
Catarina Cruz, Ana Breda
Children’s natural curiosity by everything around them is a premise for discovery. Natural phenomena such as the alternation between day and night, elements of nature such as the tree’s leaves and their shapes and colors, daily routines as sorting waste, raise many questions in children, stimulating them towards scientific literacy trough what is familiar to them and their personal life experiences. In the science children’s books, the concepts’ approach sometimes difficult its understanding by children, due to the used vocabulary, the lack of an appealing narrative, among other aspects. In turn, children’s literature books without any intention of promoting or developing ideas of science can, through their narrative and illustrations, in a more meaningful context for children, motivate the inquiring and the concepts’ exploration. This work results from a presentation session of the children’s book “From the outside to inside and from the inside to outside” to children of a Portuguese school of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education, by the authors which are also the researchers, having as aim create an environment based on questioning activity, supported in the story narrative, and develop children’s divergent thinking in a context involving scientific ideas.
儿童对周围一切事物的天生好奇心是他们进行探索的前提。昼夜交替等自然现象、树叶等自然元素及其形状和颜色、垃圾分类等日常工作,都会给孩子们带来许多疑问,激发他们从自己熟悉的事物和个人生活经验中汲取科学素养。在科学儿童读物中,由于使用的词汇和缺乏吸引人的叙述等原因,儿童有时很难理解书中的概念。反过来,无意宣传或发展科学思想的儿童文学书籍,可以通过其叙事和插图,在对儿童更有意义的背景下,激发儿童的探究和对概念的探索。本作品是作者(同时也是研究者)向葡萄牙一所基础教育第一周期学校的儿童介绍儿童读物《从外到内,从内到外》的成果,其目的是在故事叙述的支持下,创造一个以提问活动为基础的环境,并在涉及科学思想的背景下发展儿童的发散思维。
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引用次数: 0
Regulation of Social Work Practice in the United States, United Kingdom, and European Economic Area: A Perspective on Governance 美国、英国和欧洲经济区对社会工作实践的监管:治理视角
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.628
Nickolas B. Davis
Social regulation as a tool is designed to change behavior and ultimately protect the public from some form of harm. In this sense, social work regulation is a tool with the primary goal of public protection. Social work practice regulations vary widely within the United States, and the concept becomes more distorted when examined through an international lens. This manuscript outlines the regulation of social work practice in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Economic Area. Regulation in this context is examined through the framework of governance. Attention is given to the mechanism of regulation that is the regulatory body. The regulation of social work practice in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Economic Area share many similarities and several fundamental differences.
社会监管作为一种工具,旨在改变行为,最终保护公众免受某种形式的伤害。从这个意义上说,社会工作法规是一种以保护公众为主要目标的工具。美国国内的社会工作实务监管差异很大,如果从国际视角来审视,这一概念就会变得更加扭曲。本手稿概述了美国、英国和欧洲经济区对社会工作实务的监管。在此背景下,通过治理框架对监管进行了研究。重点关注监管机构这一监管机制。美国、英国和欧洲经济区对社会工作实务的监管有许多相似之处,也有一些根本性的差异。
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引用次数: 0
Plagiarism in Academic Writing in Higher Education Institutions: A Bibliometric Analysis 高等院校学术著作中的剽窃行为:文献计量分析
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.623
Hadijah Ahmad, Muhammad Ashraf Fauzi
Higher education institutions (HEI) are increasingly challenged by plagiarism, which threatens their academic standards and integrity. This is due to the fact that students have access to an overwhelming amount of information online, making it easier for them to copy and paste without giving proper credit or attribution. Additionally, the prevalence of technology has made it easier to copy and paste without detection. The study aimed to analyze the trends in plagiarism in academic writing by using bibliometric analysis, which is a technique that can measure and analyze the use of published documents. This analysis was used to identify any potential changes in the prevalence of plagiarism in academic writing over time and to identify potential factors that could be influencing it. The data is extracted from Scopus database with Boolean and proximity search strategy and found 579 related journal articles. There are tabulations of results ranging from descriptive analysis, citation analysis, co-citation analysis, and co-word analysis. The descriptive findings revealed that 'academic integrity', despite not being included in the search string, was the most commonly occurring word with 284 indicating a significant relationship between plagiarism in academic writing in HEIs. In addition, citation analysis for the top ten documents was presented. The findings of co-citation analysis highlight factors, new trends of academic integrity, and mitigation plans against plagiarism, while co-word analysis are thematically presented in three prominent clusters which is academic misconduct study, ethics and academic integrity. In most prominent articles cited by many authors, contract cheating is the new trend of plagiarism. As a result, it sheds light on the fact that academic integrity issues go beyond a new phenomenon that needs to be taken seriously. This study has both theoretical and practical implications for minimizing future plagiarism risks as well as identifying and recommending potential solutions to the problem.
高等教育机构 (HEI) 越来越多地受到剽窃行为的挑战,这威胁到其学术标准和诚信。这是因为学生可以在网上获取大量信息,使他们更容易复制和粘贴而不注明出处。此外,技术的普及使复制和粘贴变得更加容易而不被发现。这项研究旨在通过文献计量分析来分析学术写作中的抄袭趋势,文献计量分析是一种可以测量和分析已发表文献使用情况的技术。该分析用于确定学术写作中抄袭现象的普遍程度随时间推移可能发生的任何变化,并找出可能影响抄袭现象的潜在因素。数据提取自 Scopus 数据库,采用布尔和邻近搜索策略,找到了 579 篇相关期刊论文。研究结果列表包括描述性分析、引文分析、共引分析和共词分析。描述性分析结果显示,尽管 "学术诚信 "没有包含在搜索字符串中,但它是最常出现的词,有 284 个,这表明高等院校学术写作中的剽窃行为与 "学术诚信 "有重要关系。此外,还对排名前十的文献进行了引文分析。共引分析的结果突出了学术诚信的因素、新趋势以及针对剽窃的缓解方案,而共用词分析则按学术不端行为研究、伦理和学术诚信这三个突出的集群进行了主题性呈现。在许多作者引用的大多数重要文章中,合同作弊是抄袭的新趋势。因此,它揭示了一个事实,即学术诚信问题不仅仅是一个需要认真对待的新现象。这项研究对于最大限度地降低未来的抄袭风险,以及确定和提出潜在的解决方法,都具有理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Undergraduate Student's Criticality in Social Sciences in Higher Education: A Comparative Study with Socio-Material Perspective 高校本科生社会科学批判性的发展:社会物质视角的比较研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.625
Yuxuan Wang
In the field of higher education, there are two dominant strands of interpretation of criticality, either as a decontextualized skill of logical reasoning, or a sense of action within larger contexts more than mere cognition. This research offers a reclaiming and reimagining of criticality in universities as an affective process, highlighting the entanglement of social, discursive and material perspectives. This research takes a comparative lens to investigate undergraduate students’ perceptions of criticality and institutional cultivation of it in a Sociology undergraduate degree in China and the UK, adopting a qualitative interview method. Differences were found between cultures regarding the level of engagement with a range of criticality-embedded practices, including field work, critical inquiry in class, group work, etc. Through the development of criticality in various activities, students’ feelings towards it shifted with contexts. While placed within physical and discursive universities that convey a sense of professionalism, students in the study acknowledged the importance of criticality and proactively demonstrated it. However, the feeling towards showcasing criticality outside campus was two-fold. Whereas criticality can be associated with negativity in social interactions, its value is appreciated as it enabled students to reconstruct their identities into a more rational, tolerant and caring one.
在高等教育领域,对批判性有两种主流解释,一种是非语境化的逻辑推理技能,另一种是在更大语境中的行动意识,而不仅仅是认知。本研究将大学中的批判性重新定义为一种情感过程,强调社会、话语和物质视角之间的纠葛。本研究采用定性访谈法,从比较的视角考察了中英两国社会学本科专业本科生对批判性的看法以及院校对批判性的培养。研究发现,不同文化背景的学生在参与一系列批判性实践(包括田野工作、课堂批判性探究、小组合作等)的程度上存在差异。通过在各种活动中培养批判性,学生对批判性的感受也随着环境的变化而变化。当学生置身于传达专业意识的实体大学和话语大学时,他们承认批判性的重要性,并积极主动地展示批判性。然而,在校园外展示批判性的感觉则是双重的。批判性可能与社会交往中的消极性联系在一起,但它的价值却得到了赞赏,因为它使学生们能够将自己的身份重构为一个更加理性、宽容和关爱的人。
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引用次数: 0
Unifying Education as Problem Solving 把教育统一为解决问题
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.637
P. Hulbig
Public education in the United States is breaking down on two dimensions: its bureaucratic organization and its conceptualization of the learning process. These breakdowns result from attempts to deliver public education using business models and have failed to support the needs of both students and teachers. This breakdown has been further exacerbated by an old misconception about intelligence based on inherent, immutable aspects of biology. This view medicalizes learning problems, enabling schools to categorize already marginalized students producing a stigmatization that negatively impacts their development. To address these problems it is proposed that public education be reframed as a developmental specialization of problem-solving skills. This reframing would ground the conceptualization of learning in the most natural human learning process: problem-solving. Such an approach could directly support students in addressing problems that undermine their individual performance. This problem-solving-centered approach could form both a supportive and successful core educational routine that would model and support stronger collaborative structures between students, teachers, and administrators, building stronger institutions.
美国的公共教育正在两个方面出现问题:官僚机构和学习过程的概念化。这些弊端源于试图用商业模式提供公共教育,但却无法满足学生和教师的需求。基于生物学固有的、不可改变的方面而对智力的错误认识进一步加剧了这种崩溃。这种观点将学习问题医学化,使学校能够对已经被边缘化的学生进行分类,产生一种对他们的发展产生负面影响的污名化。为了解决这些问题,我们建议将公共教育重新定义为解决问题技能的发展专业化。这种重构将以人类最自然的学习过程--解决问题--为基础。这种方法可以直接帮助学生解决影响其个人表现的问题。这种以解决问题为中心的方法可以形成一种支持性的、成功的核心教育常规,为学生、教师和管理者之间更强大的合作结构提供示范和支持,从而建设更强大的机构。
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引用次数: 0
Impacts of Need and Culture in Higher Education 需求和文化对高等教育的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.646
A. B. Purdum, Amy L. Evans
This paper aims to further explore the impact of need and culture as they relate to orientation, training, development, and administrative policies on regional university adjunct faculty. The use of adjunct faculty has risen considerably over recent years making their university experience more relevant in today’s higher education climate. Adjunct faculty express the desire for orientation, training, and professional development. In addition, adjunct faculty find administrative policies extremely isolating in nature as they struggle to develop more meaningful relationships with other faculty, administrators, and students. While adjunct faculty have vast industry experience, they often lack extensive experience in higher education. Considering that adjunct faculty have such a tremendous impact on college students, how they feel about their higher education experience is of great concern. Adjunct faculty effectiveness suffers when they do not receive adequate orientation, training, and development. When adjunct faculty are isolated from the university due to the structure of administrative policy, they become less committed to the overarching goals of the organization and thus less committed to students.
本文旨在进一步探讨需求和文化对地区大学兼职教师的影响,因为它们与定位、培训、发展和行政政策有关。近年来,兼职教师的使用大幅增加,使他们的大学经历与当今的高等教育环境更加相关。兼职教师表达了对指导、培训和职业发展的渴望。此外,兼职教师发现行政政策在本质上极其孤立,因为他们努力与其他教师、行政人员和学生发展更有意义的关系。虽然兼职教师拥有丰富的行业经验,但他们往往缺乏丰富的高等教育经验。考虑到兼职教师对大学生有如此巨大的影响,他们对高等教育经历的感受就非常值得关注。如果兼职教师得不到充分的指导、培训和发展,他们的工作效率就会受到影响。当兼职教师因行政政策的结构而与大学隔离时,他们对组织总体目标的承诺就会减少,从而对学生的承诺也会减少。
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引用次数: 0
College Mapping the Research Landscape of Falls in Older Adults: A Bibliometric Analysis 学院绘制老年人跌倒的研究图景:文献计量分析
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.611
Azliyana Azizan, Siti Muawanah, Shahrizal Che Jamel
Aging poses a significant public health concern due to the high incidence of falls among older adults. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 6815 studies from 1842 to 2022 to identify key areas and interactions in falls research among older adults and propose future research directions. The United States was found to be actively contributing to this field, with the Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, MA being a prominent institution. Notable authors included Lord SR, Kenny RA, and Stevens JA. The most cited paper was "Risk Factors for Falls among Elderly Persons Living in the Community". The study revealed that the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society was the most active journal. Co-occurrence analysis identified five major clusters of topics related to aging and falls. Despite global research activity, collaboration across country lines, especially between developed and developing countries, was lacking. Research on risk factors, particularly related to balance and gait issues, received significant attention. However, there was insufficient focus on addressing the diverse needs of aging individuals, including cultural and socioeconomic factors.
由于老年人跌倒的高发率,老龄化已成为一个重大的公共健康问题。本研究对 1842 年至 2022 年的 6815 项研究进行了文献计量分析,以确定老年人跌倒研究的关键领域和相互作用,并提出未来的研究方向。研究发现,美国在这一领域做出了积极贡献,马萨诸塞州波士顿的辛达和阿瑟-马库斯老龄化研究所就是其中的杰出机构。著名作者包括 Lord SR、Kenny RA 和 Stevens JA。被引用最多的论文是《生活在社区中的老年人跌倒的风险因素》。研究显示,《美国老年医学会杂志》是最活跃的期刊。共现分析确定了与老龄化和跌倒相关的五大主题集群。尽管研究活动遍及全球,但缺乏跨国家的合作,尤其是发达国家和发展中国家之间的合作。有关风险因素的研究,尤其是与平衡和步态问题有关的研究,受到了极大关注。然而,对于满足老龄化个体的不同需求,包括文化和社会经济因素,却关注不够。
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引用次数: 0
International Student Perceptions of an American Educational Leadership Program: A Look at Students Residing in Qatar and Their Quest to Receive an Advanced Degree from an American University 国际学生对美国教育领导力课程的看法:居住在卡塔尔的学生及其获得美国大学高级学位的经历
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.46328/ijonses.642
Robert W. Williams, Alicia Shaw
Transnational Higher Education has become more prevalent and an option that many international students seek.  International students choose online education through United States universities for a plethora of reasons including the perceived high quality of US universities, the flexible modality of online education, and the associated reduced costs.  This study seeks to examine the perceptions and experiences of international students residing in Qatar as they progress through a United States university’s online (hybrid of synchronous and asynchronous) master’s degree principal preparation program in Educational Leadership. This phenomenological qualitative study surveys international student candidates at the completion of the program to ascertain their experiences of receiving an advanced degree from a university in the United States.  The candidates represent a variety of countries, yet work as teachers in various types of schools in Qatar.  This study should add to the growing research of transnational education and help to provide a better understanding of international student insights.
跨国高等教育已变得越来越普遍,成为许多留学生寻求的一种选择。 国际学生选择美国大学的在线教育有很多原因,包括认为美国大学质量高、在线教育方式灵活以及相关费用降低。 本研究旨在考察居住在卡塔尔的国际学生在美国大学的在线(同步和异步混合)教育领导硕士学位校长预备课程学习过程中的看法和经历。这项现象学定性研究对完成课程的留学生候选人进行了调查,以了解他们从美国大学获得高级学位的经历。 这些候选人来自不同的国家,却在卡塔尔不同类型的学校担任教师。 这项研究将为日益增长的跨国教育研究添砖加瓦,并有助于更好地了解留学生的见解。
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引用次数: 0
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International journal on social and education sciences
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