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How academics perceive their participation in applied projects: a case study of a third-tier university on the Chinese Mainland 学者如何看待他们参与应用项目:以中国内地一所三线大学为例
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2023.2175790
Manhong Lai, Lan Shi
ABSTRACT The Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology in Mainland China have stressed facilitating knowledge transfer of research output in recent years. By facilitating this transfer, the government aims to enhance authentic productivity and boost economic development. Due to this facilitation, universities have encouraged academics to conduct applied projects. To examine this process, this study employed a qualitative research method, carrying out in-depth interviews with 20 academics in a third-tier university in Mainland China. The study observed that first, academics were torn between academic and applied projects. Second, the status of being in a third-tier university affected academics’ participation in applied research. Third, project leaders had to perform specific roles (including the work of managerial professionals) as academic entrepreneurs. Social connections (guanxi) played a prominent role in academic entrepreneurship in the authors' case study.
摘要近年来,中国大陆的教育部和科技部都强调要促进研究成果的知识转移。通过促进这种转移,政府旨在提高真正的生产力,促进经济发展。由于这种便利,各大学鼓励学术界开展应用项目。为了检验这一过程,本研究采用定性研究方法,对中国大陆一所三线大学的20名学者进行了深入访谈。研究发现,首先,学术界在学术项目和应用项目之间左右为难。第二,三级大学的地位影响了学术界对应用研究的参与。第三,项目负责人必须扮演学术企业家的特定角色(包括管理专业人员的工作)。在作者的案例研究中,社会关系在学术创业中发挥了重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying teachers’ strengths to face COVID-19: narratives from across the globe 确定教师面对COVID-19的优势:来自全球各地的叙述
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2159013
Paola Aiello, E. Pace, U. Sharma, R. Rangarajan, Laura Sokal, Fiona May, Francisca Gonzalez Gil, T. Loreman, Saiful Malak, Elena Martín, A. McIlroy, S. Schwab
ABSTRACT An appreciative inquiry approach oriented eight semi-structured interviews conducted with teachers from Australia, New Zealand, Austria, Italy, Spain, Canada, Bangladesh and India to identify their intrinsic and extrinsic strengths and understand how they were able to translate them into practice during the first COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Commitment and determination, collegial support and solidarity were some of the common driving forces identified, despite the differences in teachers’ backgrounds, education systems, policies and cultures. Our research sheds light on opportunity solving in times of crisis as well as on the way education systems worldwide can renew themselves to ensure innovative and inclusive quality education.
摘要采用赞赏性调查方法,对来自澳大利亚、新西兰、奥地利、意大利、西班牙、加拿大、孟加拉国和印度的教师进行了八次半结构化访谈,以确定他们的内在和外在优势,并了解他们如何在2020年第一次新冠肺炎封锁期间将其转化为实践。尽管教师的背景、教育制度、政策和文化存在差异,但承诺和决心、集体支持和团结是确定的一些共同驱动力。我们的研究揭示了危机时期的机会解决,以及世界各地的教育系统如何更新自身,以确保创新和包容的优质教育。
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引用次数: 3
Conducting school-based research during Covid: evaluating the Silver Stories programme 在新冠肺炎期间开展基于学校的研究:评估银故事计划
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2161477
G. Koutsouris, Tricia Nash, B. Norwich
ABSTRACT This paper presents findings from a small-scale pilot evaluation of the Silver Stories programme. Silver Stories involves school-age children reading to older people in the community and is a way of addressing literacy and emotional difficulties, as well as enhancing wellbeing. The authors collected and analysed questionnaire and interview data after a school term of programme implementation, across five schools in England and Wales, during the period of the third lockdown. The main finding was that participants experienced the programme as an opportunity for relationship-building between generations, highlighting the relational nature of reading as a ‘literacy event’ and wellbeing as a product of social interaction rather than an individual attribute. The pilot also indicated that school priorities might have shifted due to COVID-19 from academic attainment to a focus on social and emotional support. Although this was likely a temporary phase, it is also an opportunity to build back better.
本文介绍了对“银色故事”项目进行小规模试点评估的结果。“银色故事”让学龄儿童为社区中的老年人朗读,这是解决识字和情感困难的一种方式,也是增强幸福感的一种方式。在第三次封锁期间,作者收集并分析了英格兰和威尔士五所学校在一个学期方案实施后的问卷调查和访谈数据。主要发现是,参与者将该项目视为建立代际关系的机会,强调了阅读作为一种“识字活动”的关系性质,以及作为社会互动而非个人属性的福祉。试点还表明,由于COVID-19,学校的重点可能已经从学业成绩转移到关注社会和情感支持。虽然这可能是一个暂时的阶段,但这也是一个更好地重建的机会。
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引用次数: 0
High-ability Aboriginal Australian students’ reasoning about source of effort 高能力澳洲原住民学生对努力来源的推理
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2161475
C. Tikoft, R. Craven, A. Yeung, Janet Mooney
ABSTRACT This study investigated how high-ability Australian Aboriginal adolescents reasoned about sources of effort in their transition to secondary schools. High-ability Year 7 Aboriginal adolescents (n = 4) participated in interviews on three occasions: Term 1 Year 6 (primary); Term 1 Year 7 (secondary); and Term 4 Year 7 (post-transition). Parents (n = 5) and staff (n = 20) were interviewed on one or two occasions. The longitudinal, mixed-methods design included: longitudinal analysis of multiple case studies; discourse analysis; frequency tables; and content analysis of key themes pertaining to the research questions. Results indicated that effort investment was associated with class-average ability. High-ability Aboriginal students found difficulty transitioning to secondary school when placed in classes where the average-ability levels were higher than theirs, forcing upward comparisons, adversely impacting their academic self-concept. Schools should consider targeting academic skills and self-concept simultaneously and encouraging cooperation to enable a successful transition.
摘要本研究调查了高能力的澳洲原住民青少年在向中学过渡的过程中,如何对努力的来源进行推理。高能力的七年级原住民青少年(n = 4)参加了三次访谈:第一学期六年级(小学);第1学期7年级(中学);七年级第四学期(过渡后)。对家长(n = 5)和工作人员(n = 20)进行1 - 2次访谈。纵向混合方法设计包括:多个案例研究的纵向分析;话语分析;频率表;以及与研究问题相关的关键主题的内容分析。结果表明,努力投入与班级平均能力相关。当被安排在平均能力水平高于他们的班级时,高能力的土著学生很难过渡到中学,被迫向上比较,对他们的学术自我概念产生不利影响。学校应该考虑同时瞄准学术技能和自我概念,并鼓励合作,以实现成功的过渡。
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引用次数: 0
Decolonising higher education: Black and Minority Ethnic students’ experiences at an elite British university 高等教育非殖民化:英国精英大学黑人和少数民族学生的经历
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2161476
Nozomi Sakata, Cynthia E. Winston-Proctor, L. Harris
ABSTRACT Recent movements to decolonise the university have challenged the ideological and political position of authority, reflecting the power relations between different societal groups. Framed by postcolonial and decolonial perspectives, this paper attempts to represent the experiences, values and viewpoints of Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) students at an elite British university who speak for themselves about their lived realities at the institution. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with seven undergraduate and two postgraduate students explored their university experience, academic success, sense of belonging, discrimination and racism. The findings revealed that the students lacked a sense of belonging at the university. Among the factors that undermined this are the predominantly White faculty bodies, exclusive curriculum representation and inter-group interactions divided by racial groups. Cultivating an inclusive university experience will allow BME students to feel a sense of belonging and integrate the racial and ethnic cultural diversity that they represent.
最近的大学非殖民化运动挑战了权威的意识形态和政治地位,反映了不同社会群体之间的权力关系。本文以后殖民和去殖民的视角为框架,试图呈现一所英国精英大学的黑人和少数民族(BME)学生的经历、价值观和观点,他们为自己在学校的生活现实发声。对7名本科生和2名研究生进行了半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论,探讨了他们的大学经历、学业成就、归属感、歧视和种族主义。调查结果显示,学生们在大学里缺乏归属感。造成这种情况的因素包括:以白人为主的教师团体、排他性的课程代表以及按种族划分的群体间互动。培养包容性的大学经历将使BME学生感受到归属感,并整合他们所代表的种族和民族文化多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Endogenous assets-mapping: a new approach to conceptualizing assets in order to understand young people’s capabilities and how these relate to their desired educational outcomes in disadvantaged neighbourhoods 内生资产映射:一种概念化资产的新方法,以了解年轻人的能力,以及这些能力与他们在弱势社区所期望的教育成果之间的关系
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2083077
C. Forbes, K. Kerr
ABSTRACT Asset-based approaches to public service reform suggest a need for policymakers to shift attention from ‘fixing’ the perceived deficits of disadvantaged neighbourhoods, to recognising and building on the resources, or assets, they hold. However, these approaches have also been critiqued for interpreting assets so broadly that they effectively become meaningless, or so narrowly that they perpetuate deficit views. To counter these tendencies, a new conceptually and methodologically robust endogenous assets-mapping approach is proposed. This has been designed to enable nuanced insights into the assets young people living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods may draw upon to pursue positive educational and wider life outcomes. The approach’s utility is illustrated through the case of Ayesha, a 14-year-old student with a difficult relationship with school. The paper concludes that an endogenous assets-mapping approach can help to generate more positive narratives for vulnerable learners living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods than schooling may typically enable.
摘要基于资产的公共服务改革方法表明,政策制定者需要将注意力从“修复”弱势社区的赤字转移到承认和利用他们所拥有的资源或资产。然而,这些方法也因对资产的解释过于宽泛而受到批评,以至于它们实际上变得毫无意义,或者过于狭隘而使赤字观点永久化。为了应对这些趋势,提出了一种新的概念和方法上稳健的内生资产映射方法。这是为了让人们能够细致入微地了解生活在弱势社区的年轻人可能利用的资产,以追求积极的教育和更广泛的生活成果。这种方法的实用性通过14岁的学生Ayesha的案例得到了说明,她与学校的关系很困难。该论文的结论是,内生资产映射方法有助于为生活在弱势社区的弱势学习者创造比学校教育通常更积极的叙事。
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引用次数: 0
Applying a band-aid or building a bridge: ecological factors and divergent approaches to enhancing teacher wellbeing 贴创可贴还是搭桥梁:提高教师幸福感的生态因素与不同途径
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2155612
Karen Hartcher, S. Chapman, C. Morrison
ABSTRACT Teacher wellbeing is important, not least for the role teachers play in supporting students’ social, emotional, physical and academic wellbeing. Effective teachers need to remain both physically and mentally healthy. This paper examines how teacher wellbeing is conceptualised through research to identify the influential ecological influences that support and sustain teachers. Through a scoping review methodology, this examination starts with a conceptualisation of teacher wellbeing, and is then organised into three interrelated themes. This thematic approach provides a basis to examine, first, the influential individual factors shaping teachers’ wellbeing; second, the relational factors that characterise teachers’ work; and, third, the contemporary contextual factors associated with enhancing or eroding teacher wellbeing. These themes highlight that many approaches to enhancing teachers’ wellbeing are often short-term band-aid fixes, and the authors argue that attention must be given to longer-term bridge-building strategies that place teacher wellbeing at the heart of teaching.
摘要教师幸福感很重要,尤其是教师在支持学生的社会、情感、身体和学业幸福感方面发挥的作用。有效的教师需要保持身心健康。本文探讨了教师幸福感是如何通过研究来概念化的,以确定支持和维持教师的有影响力的生态影响。通过范围界定审查方法,本次考试从教师幸福感的概念化开始,然后分为三个相互关联的主题。这种主题方法提供了一个基础来考察,首先,影响教师幸福感的个人因素;第二,教师工作的关系因素;第三,与增强或削弱教师幸福感相关的当代语境因素。这些主题强调,许多提高教师幸福感的方法往往是短期的创可贴,作者认为,必须关注将教师幸福感置于教学核心的长期桥梁建设战略。
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引用次数: 0
Can teaching assistants improve attainment and attitudes of low performing pupils in numeracy? Evidence from a large-scale randomised controlled trial 助教能提高算术成绩差的学生的成绩和态度吗?来自大规模随机对照试验的证据
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2093838
J. Hodgen, Michael Adkins, S. Ainsworth
ABSTRACT The use of teaching assistants (TAs) is widespread in many education systems, but the ways that TAs can support learning effectively are poorly understood. Much evidence indicates that most TA support has no, or negative, effects on pupil attainment. A small but growing body of evidence shows that structured TA intervention programmes can be effective. This paper reports the results of a large-scale randomised controlled trial of Catch Up® Numeracy, an intervention delivered one-to-one by TAs, compared to a control in which TAs provided matched-time numeracy support. The trial involved 1794 low-attaining pupils (aged 7–10) and 300 TAs from 150 English primary schools. Pupils in the intervention group showed no gains in attainment compared to the matched-time control, but there was some evidence to suggest a positive impact in pupils’ attitudes. The implications for future TA interventions to address low attainment in numeracy are discussed.
摘要助教在许多教育系统中广泛使用,但人们对助教有效支持学习的方式知之甚少。许多证据表明,大多数助教支持对学生的学习成绩没有影响,或者说是负面影响。少量但越来越多的证据表明,结构化的TA干预计划是有效的。本文报告了Catch-Up®算术的大规模随机对照试验的结果,这是一种由助教一对一提供的干预措施,与助教提供匹配时间算术支持的对照试验相比。该试验涉及来自150所英国小学的1794名低年级学生(7-10岁)和300名助教。与匹配的时间对照组相比,干预组的学生在成绩上没有进步,但有一些证据表明,这对学生的态度产生了积极影响。讨论了未来TA干预措施对解决算术能力低下问题的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Establishing understanding during student-initiated between-desk instructions in project work 在项目工作中,在学生开始的案头指导之间建立理解
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2047890
M. Amri, Olcay Sert
ABSTRACT This study investigates how shared understanding is established during a rarely researched instructional and interactional context, namely teacher–student interactions during between-desk instructions (BDIs). Specifically, the authors focus on instructional interactions initiated by students during project-based language teaching in an upper-secondary Swedish classroom and probe into how students’ formulations of understanding of a teacher’s prior responses shape the subsequent interactional trajectories. Their conversation analytic investigation reveals that the teacher produces either confirming or disconfirming actions following students’ formulations of understanding. These response types accomplish two distinct forms of interactional work: (a) when the teacher confirms the students’ formulations, she expands the sequence with instruction-related elaborations; and (b) when the teacher does not confirm the formulations, she accounts for that, prompting students to reformulate their understanding. Overall, this study contributes to the body of research on BDIs as a recurring yet under-investigated lesson practice during project work.
摘要本研究调查了在很少研究的教学和互动环境中,即在案头教学(BDI)期间的师生互动中,如何建立共同理解。具体而言,作者关注的是学生在高中瑞典语课堂上基于项目的语言教学中发起的教学互动,并探讨学生对教师先前反应的理解如何影响随后的互动轨迹。他们的会话分析调查显示,教师根据学生的理解公式产生确认或否定的动作。这些反应类型完成了两种不同形式的互动工作:(a)当老师确认学生的公式时,她通过与教学相关的阐述来扩展序列;以及(b)当老师没有确认公式时,她会解释这一点,促使学生重新表述他们的理解。总的来说,这项研究有助于BDI的研究,因为它是项目工作中反复出现但调查不足的课程实践。
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引用次数: 0
Structural barriers and processes of defunding of funds of identity of refugee-background children 难民背景儿童身份基金的结构性障碍和撤资过程
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/0305764X.2022.2046704
Eleni Oikonomidoy, Fares J. Karam
ABSTRACT Drawing insights from an ethnographic study with two young refugee-background children, this paper examines the multiple contexts that influence their identity negotiations during their first three years of resettlement to the United States. The analysis aims to expand the growing literature on funds of identity (FOI) with specific attention to structural barriers that defund their FOIs. The findings are categorised in three intersecting themes: 1) transnational and translinguistic funds of identity, which are challenged by xenophobia, monolingualism and social class barriers; 2) funds of intercultural identity, which are jeopardised by racial and religious exclusion; and 3) funds of academic identity in the home which are threatened by social class challenges. The paper concludes with the implications of the analysis for theory and practice.
摘要本文通过对两名有难民背景的儿童的民族志研究,考察了在他们重新安置到美国的头三年中,影响他们身份谈判的多种背景。该分析旨在扩展越来越多的关于身份基金(FOI)的文献,特别关注为其FOI提供资金的结构性障碍。研究结果分为三个交叉主题:1)身份的跨国和跨语言基金,受到仇外心理、单语主义和社会阶级障碍的挑战;2) 因种族和宗教排斥而受到危害的跨文化身份基金;以及3)家庭中的学术认同资金,这些资金受到社会阶层挑战的威胁。文章最后指出了分析对理论和实践的启示。
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引用次数: 0
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