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Menarche and pubertal progression: a cross-sectional analysis of timing and influencing factors in North-Eastern Ghana.
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932025000021
Gabriel Ajediwe Alatiah, Fusta Azupogo, Ambrose Atosona, Frederick Vuvor, Matilda Steiner-Asiedu, Inge D Brouwer

Menarche and pubertal onset vary across populations but understanding age-at-menarche (AAM) and pubertal growth tempo is limited in low-income settings. Identifying factors influencing pubertal development is vital for creating targeted health and education programmes supporting adolescent girls' well-being. Baseline data (n = 1045) from the Ten2Twenty-Ghana study were analysed to examine menarche attainment, pubertal development, AAM, and the associated factors among girls aged 10-17 years in the Mion district, Ghana. The data collection methods included anthropometry, body composition, haemoglobin status, a qualitative 24-hour dietary recall, a food frequency questionnaire, and a pubertal development score (PDS). Binary logistic and linear regression analyses were used to model odds ratios for menarche attainment and regression coefficients for AAM and PDS. About 19.9% of the girls had experienced menarche, with a mean AAM of 13.4 ± 1.5 years. Among post-menarche girls (n = 205/1045), 12.2% and 15.1% experienced early (AAM < 12 years) and late menarche (AAM < 15 years), respectively. The mean PDS was 1.8 ± 0.7 out of 4. Among the adolescent girls, 36.2% were prepubertal, 17.0% early -pubertal, 18.6% mid-pubertal, 27.9% late pubertal, and less than 1% were in the post-pubertal stage. An increase in fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), height-for-age-z-score (HAZ), and body mass index-for-age-z-score (BAZ) was observed with puberty progression, but a steep decline in HAZ was noticed for girls in late puberty, increasing again post-puberty. Being older (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.06, 95% C.I.: 1.83, 2.31), stunted (AOR= 0.20, 95% C.I.: 0.10, 0.40), thin (AOR = 0.30, 95% C.I.: 0.11, 0.80), and overweight/obese (AOR = 7.29, 95% C.I.: 2.60, 20.43) were the significant predictors of menarche attainment. Being older (β = 0.39, P < 0.0001), stunted (β= -0.92, P = 0.01), thin (β = 1.25, P = 0.01), and having a literate mother (β = -0.72, P = 0.03) were significantly associated with AMM. A higher HAZ, FM, FFM, age, and Konkomba ethnicity were positively associated with higher PDS. This study highlights the complexity of factors influencing menarche and pubertal development. These insights are essential for developing targeted health and educational programmes that address nutritional and socio-demographic disparities to promote adolescent girls' well-being and healthy pubertal development.

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引用次数: 0
Navigating the currents: understanding awareness, attitudes, and menstrual hygiene management challenges in Bangladesh's Haor Region.
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000415
Abdul Basit, Omme Same Antu, Mahfuzul Mithun, Mohammad Shafiqul Islam

Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is an important but often neglected aspect of women's health worldwide, especially in developing and disaster-prone countries, such as Bangladesh. This qualitative study aimed to investigate awareness, attitudes, and practices related to MHM among girls in the Haor region, particularly during floods. The study adopts a phenomenological approach, and data were collected using purposive sampling from 33 women aged 15 years and above who resided in the Haor region. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the patterns, themes, and subthemes within the qualitative data. The study reveals a significant lack of widespread knowledge about menstruation among girls in the Haor area, which is associated with unfavourable family and social attitudes, and stigma or taboos. Natural hazards, cultural barriers, access to the market, economic incapacity, and inadequate infrastructure make it very difficult to manage menstruation, which is especially aggravated during floods due to displacement and shelter on the roadside, primary schools, and other people's houses. This research emphasises the need for tailored MHM programmes from the government to address the unique challenges faced by women in Haor regions. Provision of sanitary napkins and essential medicines, maintaining stock in shelters, and equipping community clinics with MHM-related healthcare services are essential. Finally, NGOs should prioritise MH within their scope of work.

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引用次数: 0
Association between household air pollution due to solid fuel use and sleep problems among older adults in India.
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000403
Ritu Rani, Y Selvamani, Perianayagam Arokiasamy

Household air pollution (HAP) presents numerous health challenges. The association between HAP and sleep problems has not been extensively studied. This paper examined the effect of HAP due to solid fuel use on sleep problems among older adults in India. Data from the initial phase of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India, which included 51,060 individuals aged 50 years and older, was utilised. Sleep problems were defined as experiencing difficulty falling asleep, waking up during the night, or waking up too early at least five times per week and were classified as a binary variable. Exposure to HAP was defined as the use of solid fuel for household purposes. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess the association, and additionally, interaction analysis was conducted to explore the potential moderating effects of age, gender, and residence on this association. The prevalence of sleep problems among older adults was around 12.7%. Sleep problems were higher among older adults who used solid fuel for cooking (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.33) and other purposes (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.20) in the adjusted model. The place of cooking, ventilation, and type of stove played a significant role in the association between solid fuel use and sleep problems. Individuals over 65, females, and those residing in rural areas were particularly vulnerable to sleep problems due to HAP exposure. The findings highlight the importance of reducing HAP exposure by transitioning to clean fuels as a public health priority within initiatives aimed at promoting healthy aging.

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引用次数: 0
Exploring the lived experience of economic insecurity and health among people accessing charity-run food provision services in Bristol, UK.
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1017/S002193202500001X
Geneviève Stone, Angeliki Papadaki

The UK has experienced alarming increases in the number of individuals living with food insecurity as a result of the rise in the cost of living. The mechanisms linking household economic insecurity to food insecurity, and perceived health outcomes, are not well understood. The aim of this study was to explore how individuals with lived experience of food insecurity are coping with the rise in the cost of living, the trade-offs they might be making between food and other household expenses, and how these might impact eating behaviours and health outcomes. Using a qualitative inductive approach rooted in hermeneutic phenomenology, nine semi-structured interviews were conducted among individuals using charity-run food provision services in Bristol, UK. Narrative accounts from these interviews were analysed thematically. Almost all participants were recipients of benefits at the time of interviews and were living under high levels of economic insecurity. The rise in the cost of living forced complex budget management strategies, including relying on donated food and shoplifting. It also influenced eating behaviours through altered cooking strategies to save energy, substituting food for cheaper, less-nutritious, alternatives, and rationing meals. Food insecurity was experienced as a form of psychosocial violence, engendering high levels of stress, particularly for individuals with diet-related chronic diseases. There is therefore an urgent need for policies that tackle structural causes of overall household economic insecurity, and improve economic access to adequate nutritious foods, to prevent further entrenching social inequalities.

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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 vaccine anxieties: exploring social and political drivers of vaccine attitudes in Kono District, Sierra Leone. COVID-19疫苗焦虑:探索塞拉利昂科诺区疫苗态度的社会和政治驱动因素
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000373
Liza J Malcolm, Kristen E McLean

As COVID-19 spread rapidly during the early months of the pandemic, many communities around the globe anxiously waited for a vaccine. At the start of the pandemic, it was widely believed that Africa would be a significant source of infection, and thus, vaccinating African communities became a primary goal among local and global health authorities. However, when the COVID-19 vaccine became available in March 2021 in Sierra Leone, many people viewed it with scepticism and hesitation. While much literature has focused on access and distribution-related challenges for vaccination in the region, a growing number of studies discuss vaccine hesitancy as driving low vaccine uptake. Shifting attention to understanding the determinants of vaccine hesitancy remains fundamental to increasing vaccination rates, as negative vaccine perceptions tend to delay or prevent vaccination. This study sought to do this by assessing, through semi-structured qualitative interviews, vaccine-related attitudes and experiences of residents of Sierra Leone's Kono District. In contrast to studies that utilise "knowledge-deficit" models of belief, however, this study drew upon the vaccine anxieties framework (Leach and Fairhead, 2007), which views vaccines as being imbued with personal, historical, and political meaning. Findings suggest that important bodily, social, and political factors, including fear of side effects, the spread of misinformation prompted by poor messaging strategies, and distrust of government and international actors, influenced people's COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and behaviours. It is hoped that the study's findings will inform future policies and interventions related to vaccine uptake in Africa and globally.

随着COVID-19在大流行的最初几个月迅速传播,全球许多社区焦急地等待疫苗。在大流行开始时,人们普遍认为非洲将是一个重要的感染源,因此,为非洲社区接种疫苗成为地方和全球卫生当局的一个主要目标。然而,当2021年3月COVID-19疫苗在塞拉利昂上市时,许多人对此持怀疑和犹豫态度。虽然许多文献侧重于该地区疫苗接种的获取和分配方面的挑战,但越来越多的研究讨论疫苗犹豫是导致疫苗接种率低的原因。将注意力转向了解疫苗犹豫的决定因素仍然是提高疫苗接种率的关键,因为对疫苗的负面看法往往会延迟或阻止疫苗接种。本研究试图通过半结构化定性访谈来评估塞拉利昂科诺区居民与疫苗有关的态度和经验,从而做到这一点。然而,与利用“知识缺失”信念模型的研究相反,本研究利用了疫苗焦虑框架(Leach和Fairhead, 2007),该框架认为疫苗充满了个人、历史和政治意义。研究结果表明,重要的身体、社会和政治因素,包括对副作用的恐惧、信息传递策略不佳导致的错误信息的传播以及对政府和国际行为体的不信任,影响了人们对COVID-19疫苗的态度和行为。人们希望这项研究的结果将为非洲和全球有关疫苗接种的未来政策和干预措施提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Intergenerational trends in body size among Moscow's young adults: socio-demographic influences of the 20th century. 莫斯科年轻人体型的代际趋势:20世纪的社会人口影响。
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000385
Ainur A Khafizova, Marina A Negasheva, Alla A Movsesian

This study aimed to investigate the influence of socio-demographic and epidemiological factors on the secular changes in body size indicators (height, weight, and BMI) among young adults aged 17-22 years in Moscow from the early 20th century to the present. Published average anthropometric data from screening surveys conducted from 1880/1925-26 to 2020-21 were analysed (4,823 males and 5,952 females), along with demographic data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. Findings revealed consistent anthropometric trends and strong associations between secular changes in body size of Moscow youth and socio-demographic indicators such as population size, life expectancy, and infant mortality rates. An increase in height and weight was noted against the backdrop of urbanisation, increased life expectancy, and reduced infant mortality. These results indicate that the urbanisation process and the transformation of the epidemiological landscape in 20th-century Russia - marked by enhancements in public health, modernisation of the healthcare system, and medical advancements - have had a significant impact on changes in body size across generations. Notably, from the mid-20th century onwards, with the exception of the final decade, conditions favourable to growth and development were established, culminating in a significant increase in definitive anthropometric parameters across successive generations. The findings underscore the imperative for policymakers to bolster investments in urban development, healthcare, and education. Such strategic investments are essential for sustaining and amplifying the positive physical development trends witnessed.

摘要本研究旨在探讨20世纪初至今莫斯科地区17-22岁青年成人身高、体重和体重指数长期变化的社会人口统计学和流行病学因素的影响。从1880/1925-26年至2020-21年进行的筛选调查中公布的平均人体测量数据(4,823名男性和5,952名女性)以及俄罗斯联邦联邦国家统计局的人口统计数据进行了分析。研究结果揭示了一致的人体测量趋势和莫斯科青年身体尺寸的长期变化与社会人口指标(如人口规模、预期寿命和婴儿死亡率)之间的强烈关联。在城市化、预期寿命延长和婴儿死亡率降低的背景下,人们注意到身高和体重的增加。这些结果表明,20世纪俄罗斯的城市化进程和流行病学格局的转变——以公共卫生的改善、医疗保健系统的现代化和医学进步为标志——对几代人的体型变化产生了重大影响。值得注意的是,从20世纪中期开始,除了最后十年之外,建立了有利于增长和发展的条件,最终导致连续几代人的最终人体测量参数显着增加。研究结果强调,决策者必须加强对城市发展、医疗保健和教育的投资。这种战略投资对于维持和扩大所看到的积极的实物发展趋势至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Breathing in danger: unveiling cooking fuel transitions in India and alarming effect of household air pollution on under-five children's health. 危险的呼吸:揭示印度烹饪燃料的转变以及家庭空气污染对五岁以下儿童健康的惊人影响。
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1017/S002193202400035X
Priyandu M Bajpayee, Pratap C Mohanty, Milind K Yadav

Air pollution in households is a prime contributor to health issues in developing countries, as in the case of India. According to the latest National Family Health Survey Report 2022, more than half of India's rural population and 41 per cent overall still depend on solid or unclean fuel combustions, which may reflect in future health hazards. Thus, it is crucial to understand the issue empirically. To that end, the study traces the transitional pattern of unclean cooking fuel users towards clean fuel over the last 30 years using responses from all five National Family Health Survey rounds. Further, the study uses an adjusted probit model to analyse the determinants that lead to the choice of cooking fuel in a household and a logistic model to examine the association between the choice made and the respiratory health of children under five. The empirical results show that the number of households using unclean fuel has declined over the years, with a slightly higher decline in the last five years. Moreover, it also shows that poverty status and place of residence significantly influence cooking fuel choice. Additionally, children residing in households that use clean fuels are less likely to suffer respiratory infections. In conclusion, the present study provides strong evidence to ameliorate the existing policies in a way that exhorts clean energy use. The authors propose pro-poor, pro-rural policies to expedite the clean energy transition, benefitting the most vulnerable households.

在发展中国家,家庭空气污染是导致健康问题的主要因素,印度也是如此。根据最新的《2022 年全国家庭健康调查报告》,印度一半以上的农村人口和 41% 的总人口仍然依赖固体或不洁燃料燃烧,这可能会对未来的健康造成危害。因此,从经验上了解这一问题至关重要。为此,本研究利用所有五轮全国家庭健康调查的答复,追溯了过去 30 年不清洁烹饪燃料使用者向清洁燃料过渡的模式。此外,研究还使用调整后的概率模型分析了导致家庭选择烹饪燃料的决定因素,并使用逻辑模型研究了所做选择与五岁以下儿童呼吸系统健康之间的关联。实证结果显示,使用不洁燃料的家庭数量逐年下降,最近五年的降幅略大。此外,研究还表明,贫困状况和居住地对烹饪燃料的选择有很大影响。此外,居住在使用清洁燃料家庭的儿童患呼吸道感染的可能性较小。总之,本研究提供了强有力的证据,以改善现有政策,鼓励使用清洁能源。作者提出了有利于穷人、有利于农村的政策,以加快清洁能源的过渡,使最脆弱的家庭受益。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in adult mortality rates in India, 1970 to 2018: age-period-cohort analysis. 1970年至2018年印度成人死亡率趋势:年龄段队列分析。
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000270
Sheuli Misra, Akansha Singh, Srinivas Goli, K S James

High premature adult deaths in developing countries are gaining attention, as recent studies show their increasing impact on overall mortality rates. This paper has twofold objectives: firstly, it investigates the long-term trends and patterns of adult mortality between 1970 and 2018 in India. Secondly, it attempts to detect age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on adult mortality decline over time. Data on age-specific mortality rates and disease-adjusted life years for adult age groups (15-59 years) were collected from the Sample Registration System and the Global Burden of Disease study, respectively. The trends in age-standardized mortality rates were presented graphically, and critical change points were highlighted using a change-point analysis. The intrinsic estimator model was applied to estimate the independent effects of APC on adult mortality. The findings revealed that adult mortality declined between 1970 and 2018 with multiple critical change points. The APC effects showed a notable decline in adult mortality during 2005-2018 and for the recent birth cohorts, 1980-2004. However, the rate of mortality declined slowly over time. Results also indicated that mortality started increasing from mid-adult ages and peaked in older adult ages due to the age effects and provided evidence of a rise in adult life loss due to non-communicable diseases in recent years. Overall, the study underscores the importance of implementing health policies aimed at reducing life loss in the most economically active ages that can have long-term negative implications for the country's economic growth.

最近的研究表明,发展中国家成人过早死亡人数居高不下,对总体死亡率的影响越来越大,因此越来越受到人们的关注。本文有两个目的:首先,调查 1970 年至 2018 年印度成人死亡率的长期趋势和模式。其次,本文试图发现年龄、时期和队列(APC)对成人死亡率随时间下降的影响。样本登记系统和全球疾病负担研究分别收集了成人年龄组(15-59 岁)的特定年龄死亡率和疾病调整生命年数据。年龄标准化死亡率的趋势以图表形式呈现,并通过变化点分析突出了关键变化点。应用本征估计模型估算了 APC 对成人死亡率的独立影响。研究结果显示,1970 年至 2018 年期间,成人死亡率下降,并出现多个临界变化点。APC 影响表明,2005-2018 年期间以及最近的出生队列(1980-2004 年)的成人死亡率明显下降。然而,随着时间的推移,死亡率下降缓慢。研究结果还表明,由于年龄效应,死亡率从中年开始上升,到老年达到顶峰,并提供了近年来非传染性疾病导致的成人寿命损失上升的证据。总体而言,这项研究强调了实施旨在减少经济活动最活跃年龄段生命损失的卫生政策的重要性,因为这可能对国家的经济增长产生长期的负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of usage of antenatal care services by Syrian immigrant pregnant women and the frequency of anaemia and hypertension during the pandemic. 调查叙利亚移民孕妇产前护理服务的使用情况以及大流行期间贫血和高血压的发生频率。
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000348
Zeynep Meva Altaş, Mehmet Akif Sezerol

During the pandemic period, the use of health services by disadvantaged groups such as immigrants has deteriorated. The study aims to evaluate the use of antenatal care services by Syrian pregnant women during the pandemic. It is a cross-sectional type of study. The population consisted of 495 pregnant women who applied to the Extended Migrant Health Center (EMHC) between August 2020 and December 2022. Demographic data and pregnancy-related health records were examined through the system records, without any contact with the pregnant women. The percentage of pregnant women who had timely follow-up for each antenatal visit were 11.5% (n=56), 17.2% (n=80), 20.0% (n=88), and 17.4% (n=73), respectively. Only 17.7% (n=87) of the pregnant women made the recommended number of visits during their pregnancy period. The recommended number of follow-ups was statistically significantly higher in women with high-risk pregnancies (p=0.045). Of the pregnant women, 27.4% had anaemia and 2.4% had hypertension. The use of antenatal care in immigrant pregnant women is very low. Interventions are needed in this regard. Increasing the utilization of antenatal care services by immigrant pregnant women is extremely important for both the health of the pregnant woman and the health of the baby.

在大流行期间,移民等弱势群体使用医疗服务的情况有所恶化。本研究旨在评估大流行期间叙利亚孕妇使用产前护理服务的情况。这是一项横断面研究。研究对象包括在 2020 年 8 月至 2022 年 12 月期间向扩展移民健康中心(EMHC)提出申请的 495 名孕妇。在不与孕妇有任何接触的情况下,通过系统记录检查了人口统计学数据和与怀孕相关的健康记录。每次产前检查都得到及时随访的孕妇比例分别为 11.5%(56 人)、17.2%(80 人)、20.0%(88 人)和 17.4%(73 人)。只有 17.7%(n=87)的孕妇在怀孕期间进行了推荐次数的检查。据统计,高危妊娠妇女的建议随访次数明显更高(P=0.045)。在孕妇中,27.4%患有贫血,2.4%患有高血压。移民孕妇的产前保健使用率非常低。在这方面需要采取干预措施。提高移民孕妇对产前保健服务的利用率,对孕妇和婴儿的健康都极为重要。
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引用次数: 0
Volga German surnames and Alzheimer's disease in Argentina: an epidemiological perspective - CORRIGENDUM. 阿根廷的伏尔加德意志姓氏与阿尔茨海默病:流行病学视角 - CORRIGENDUM。
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q2 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1017/S0021932024000361
Arturo Leonardo Morales, Marcelo Isidro Figueroa, Pablo Navarro, Estela Raquel Chaves, Anahí Ruderman, José Edgardo Dipierri, Virginia Ramallo
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Biosocial Science
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