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YPAR and Critical Epistemologies: Rethinking Education Research YPAR与批判认识论:对教育研究的再思考
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X16686948
Dr Limarys Caraballo, B. Lozenski, Jamila Lyiscott, Ernest Morrell
Knowledges from academic and professional research-based institutions have long been valued over the organic intellectualism of those who are most affected by educational and social inequities. In contrast, participatory action research (PAR) projects are collective investigations that rely on indigenous knowledge, combined with the desire to take individual and/or collective action. PAR with youth (YPAR) engages in rigorous research inquiries and represents a radical effort in education research to value the inquiry-based knowledge production of the youth who directly experience the educational contexts that scholars endeavor to understand. In this chapter, we outline the foundations of YPAR and examine the distinct epistemological, methodological, and pedagogical contributions of an interdisciplinary corpus of YPAR studies and scholarship. We outline the origins and disciplines of YPAR and make a case for its role in education research, discuss its contributions to the field and the tensions and possibilities of YPAR across disciplines, and close by proposing a YPAR critical-epistemological framework that centers youth and their communities, alongside practitioners, scholars, and researchers, as knowledge producers and change agents for social justice.
长期以来,学术和专业研究机构的知识一直被重视,而不是那些受教育和社会不平等影响最大的人的有机智能主义。相比之下,参与性行动研究(标准杆数)项目是依靠土著知识并结合采取个人和/或集体行动的愿望进行的集体调查。标准杆数青年(YPAR)从事严格的研究调查,代表了教育研究中的一项激进努力,以重视直接体验学者努力理解的教育背景的青年基于调查的知识生产。在本章中,我们概述了YPAR的基础,并考察了YPAR研究和学术的跨学科语料库在认识论、方法论和教学学方面的独特贡献。我们概述了YPAR的起源和学科,并证明了它在教育研究中的作用,讨论了它对该领域的贡献,以及YPAR在各个学科之间的紧张关系和可能性,最后提出了一个YPAR批判认识论框架,该框架以青年及其社区为中心,与从业者、学者和研究人员一起,作为社会正义的知识生产者和变革推动者。
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引用次数: 95
Intersection of Language, Class, Ethnicity, and Policy: Toward Disrupting Inequality for English Language Learners 语言、阶级、种族和政策的交集:为英语学习者打破不平等
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X16688623
Ó. Jiménez-Castellanos, Eugene E. García
This chapter proposes a conceptual framework that merges intersectionality and policy analysis as an analytical tool to understand the nuanced, multilayered, compounded educational inequality encountered specifically by low-income, Latino Spanish-speaking students in Arizona K–12 public schools as a function of intersecting educational policies. In addition, it provides a conceptual framework that counters and provides an alternative to the Arizona model that strives toward interrupting inequality. The conceptual framework is grounded in culture, language, and learning that provides a pathway to interrupt inequality by acknowledging the intersectional social constructs of an English language learner (ELL).
本章提出了一个概念框架,将交叉性和政策分析相结合,作为一种分析工具,以了解亚利桑那州K-12公立学校低收入、讲拉丁裔西班牙语的学生在交叉教育政策的作用下所遇到的微妙、多层次、复杂的教育不平等。此外,它提供了一个概念框架,反驳并提供了亚利桑那州模式的替代方案,该模式致力于打破不平等。该概念框架以文化、语言和学习为基础,通过承认英语学习者(ELL)的交叉社会结构,提供了一条中断不平等的途径。
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引用次数: 19
Disrupting Educational Inequalities Through Youth Digital Activism 通过青年数字活动打破教育不平等
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X16687973
A. Stornaiuolo, E. E. Thomas
This article reviews scholarship on youth and young adult activism in digital spaces, as young users of participatory media sites are engaging in political, civic, social, or cultural action and advocacy online to create social change. The authors argue that youth’s digital activism serves as a central mechanism to disrupt inequality, and that education research should focus on these youth practices, particularly by young people from marginalized communities or identities, in order to provide important counter-narratives to predominant stories circulating about “at-risk”or disaffected youth. The article examines young people’s use of online tools for organizing toward social change across three lines of inquiry—young people’s cultural and political uses of participatory tools and spaces online, new forms of youth civic engagement and activism, and adult-supported programs and spaces facilitating youth activism. In centering the review on youth digital activism, the authors suggest that education researchers can learn from youth themselves about how to disrupt educational inequalities, resulting in a more humanizing stance for education research that takes into fuller account the human potential of all youth, beyond school walls.
本文回顾数位空间中青年与青年行动主义的学术研究,因为参与式媒体网站的年轻用户正在参与政治、公民、社会或文化行动,并在网路上倡导社会变革。作者认为,青年的数字行动主义是破坏不平等的核心机制,教育研究应该关注这些青年的做法,特别是来自边缘社区或身份的年轻人的做法,以便为流传的关于“风险”或不满青年的主流故事提供重要的反叙事。本文从三个方面考察了年轻人使用网络工具组织社会变革的情况:年轻人对网络参与工具和空间的文化和政治使用,青年公民参与和行动主义的新形式,以及促进青年行动主义的成人支持计划和空间。在以青年数字行动主义为中心的评论中,作者建议教育研究人员可以从青年身上学习如何打破教育不平等,从而使教育研究更加人性化,更充分地考虑到所有年轻人在学校之外的人类潜力。
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引用次数: 66
Civic Participation Reimagined: Youth Interrogation and Innovation in the Multimodal Public Sphere 公民参与重塑:多模式公共领域中的青年质疑与创新
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X17690121
Nicole Mirra, Antero Garcia
This chapter challenges dominant narratives about the civic disengagement of youth from marginalized communities by reconceptualizing what counts as civic participation in public life and how youth are positioned as civic agents. We examine ideologies that undergird traditional forms of civic education and engagement in the United States and offer an alternative vision of civic life grounded in recognition of systemic inequality and struggle for social justice. We consider the ways in which digital media has fundamentally transformed the public sphere and expanded opportunities for youth civic expression and action, as well as the ways that youth participatory action research literature offers a framework for civic education that forefronts youth experience and voice. Our analysis culminates in the development of a new conceptual model for civic learning and engagement that pushes past participation into the realms of interrogation and innovation.
本章通过重新定义什么是公民参与公共生活以及如何将青年定位为公民代理人,挑战了关于青年公民脱离边缘化社区的主流叙事。我们研究了支撑美国传统公民教育和参与形式的意识形态,并提供了一种基于对系统性不平等和社会正义斗争的公民生活的替代愿景。我们考虑数字媒体从根本上改变了公共领域,扩大了青年公民表达和行动的机会,以及青年参与行动研究文献为公民教育提供了一个框架,为青年的经验和声音提供了前沿。我们的分析最终形成了一个新的公民学习和参与概念模型,将过去的参与推向了审问和创新的领域。
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引用次数: 83
Combating Inequalities in Two-Way Language Immersion Programs: Toward Critical Consciousness in Bilingual Education Spaces 对抗双向语言浸入式课程中的不平等:走向双语教育空间中的批判意识
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X17690120
Claudia G. Cervantes-Soon, L. Dorner, Deborah K. Palmer, Daniel Heiman, Rebecca Schwerdtfeger, Jinmyung Choi
This chapter reviews critical areas of research on issues of equity/equality in the highly proclaimed and exponentially growing model of bilingual education: two-way immersion (TWI). There is increasing evidence that TWI programs are not living up to their ideal to provide equal access to educational opportunity for transnational emergent bilingual students. Through a synthesis of research from related fields, we will offer guidelines for program design that attend to equality and a framework for future research to push the field of bilingual education toward creating more equitable and integrated multilingual learning spaces. Specifically, this review leads to a proposal for adding a fourth goal for TWI programs: to develop “critical consciousness” through using critical pedagogies and humanizing research.
本章回顾了备受推崇且呈指数级增长的双语教育模式中关于公平/平等问题的关键研究领域:双向沉浸(TWI)。越来越多的证据表明,TWI项目没有达到为跨国新兴双语学生提供平等教育机会的理想。通过综合相关领域的研究,我们将为关注平等的课程设计提供指导方针,并为未来的研究提供框架,以推动双语教育领域创造更公平、更一体化的多语言学习空间。具体而言,这篇综述提出了为TWI项目增加第四个目标的建议:通过使用批判性教学法和人性化研究来培养“批判性意识”。
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引用次数: 225
The “New Racism” of K–12 Schools: Centering Critical Research on Racism 中小学“新种族主义”:以种族主义批判研究为中心
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X16686949
Rita Kohli, Marcos Pizarro, Arturo Nevárez
While organizing efforts by movements such as Black Lives Matter and responses to the hate-filled policies and rhetoric of President Donald Trump are heightening public discourse of racism, much less attention is paid to mechanisms of racial oppression in the field of education. Instead, conceptualizations that allude to racial difference but are disconnected from structural analyses continue to prevail in K–12 education research. In this chapter, our goal is to challenge racism-neutral and racism-evasive approaches to studying racial disparities by centering current research that makes visible the normalized facets of racism in K–12 schools. After narrowing over 4,000 articles that study racial inequity in education research, we reviewed a total of 186 U.S.-focused research studies in a K–12 school context that examine racism. As we categorized the literature, we built on a theory of the “new racism”—a more covert and hidden racism than that of the past—and grouped the articles into two main sections: (1) research that brings to light racism’s permanence and significance in the lives of students of Color through manifestations of what we conceptualize as (a) evaded racism, (b) “antiracist” racism, and (c) everyday racism and (2) research focused on confronting racism through racial literacy and the resistance of communities of Color. In our conclusion, we articulate suggestions for future directions in education research that include a more direct acknowledgement of racism as we attend to the experiences and needs of K–12 students of Color.
虽然组织“黑人的命也是命”等运动的努力,以及对唐纳德·特朗普总统充满仇恨的政策和言论的回应,正在加强公众对种族主义的讨论,但人们对教育领域种族压迫机制的关注要少得多。相反,在K-12教育研究中,暗示种族差异但与结构分析脱节的概念仍然盛行。在本章中,我们的目标是通过集中当前的研究,挑战种族主义中立和回避种族主义的方法来研究种族差异,使K-12学校种族主义的正常化方面变得明显。在缩小了4000多篇研究教育研究中种族不平等的文章的范围后,我们回顾了186项以美国为重点的研究,这些研究是在K-12学校背景下研究种族主义的。当我们对文献进行分类时,我们建立在“新种族主义”理论的基础上,这是一种比过去更隐蔽、更隐蔽的种族主义,并将文章分为两个主要部分:(1)通过我们概念化为(a)逃避种族主义、(b)“反种族主义”种族主义、,(c)日常种族主义和(2)研究重点是通过种族素养和有色人种社区的抵抗来对抗种族主义。在我们的结论中,我们对教育研究的未来方向提出了建议,其中包括在我们关注K-12有色人种学生的经历和需求时,更直接地承认种族主义。
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引用次数: 135
About the Contributors 关于投稿人
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732x17697294
Ursula S. Aldana, B. J. Baldridge, Ayanna F. Brown, Claudia G. Cervantes-Soon
Ursula S. Aldana is an assistant professor of education at the University of San Francisco. She examines K–12 school culture with regard to issues of equity and access for racially/ethnically and linguistically diverse students. Her research highlights the voices of historically marginalized students, including immigrant and lowincome students in various contexts such as Catholic schools and secondary bilingual education programs.
乌苏拉·s·阿尔达纳(Ursula S. Aldana)是旧金山大学教育学助理教授。她研究了K-12学校文化中关于种族/民族和语言多样化学生的平等和机会问题。她的研究突出了历史上被边缘化的学生的声音,包括移民和低收入学生在各种背景下,如天主教学校和中学双语教育项目。
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引用次数: 0
Pursuing Equity: Disproportionality in Special Education and the Reframing of Technical Solutions to Address Systemic Inequities 追求公平:特殊教育的不成比例和解决系统不平等的技术解决方案的重构
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X16686947
Catherine Kramarczuk Voulgarides, Edward Fergus, Kathleen A. King Thorius
In the review, we examine what is known about disproportionality with the intention of informing the direction of policy and practice remedies. We outline the definition, contours, and characteristics of disproportionality and examine some of the prevailing explanations as to why the issue persists. We then pivot the review to consider how policy, through the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), has sought to address disproportionality in special education and disciplining of students with disabilities. We question why a legally sound civil rights law like IDEA has been unable to abate disproportionality for nearly 40 years. We then turn our attention to review interventions embedded in IDEA that have been recommended to address disproportionality and question why they have not improved outcomes for “nondominant” students in special education. We conclude with some recommendations for disrupting disproportionality.
在审查中,我们检查什么是已知的不均衡的意图通知政策和实践补救方向。我们概述了歧化的定义、轮廓和特征,并研究了一些关于问题持续存在的普遍解释。然后,我们将审查重点转向考虑政策如何通过《残疾人教育法》(IDEA)寻求解决特殊教育和残疾学生纪律方面的不成比例问题。我们质疑为什么像IDEA这样法律上健全的民权法在近40年的时间里一直无法减少性别比例失调。然后,我们将注意力转向回顾IDEA中嵌入的干预措施,这些干预措施被推荐用于解决比例失调问题,并质疑为什么它们没有改善特殊教育中“非优势”学生的结果。最后,我们提出了一些破坏歧化的建议。
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引用次数: 34
Reimagining Critical Care and Problematizing Sense of School Belonging as a Response to Inequality for Immigrants and Children of Immigrants 重塑重症监护和解决学校归属感问题,以应对移民和移民子女的不平等
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X17690498
C. DeNicolo, Min Yu, C. Crowley, Susan L. Gabel
This chapter examines the factors that contribute to a sense of school belonging for immigrant and immigrant-origin youth. Through a review of the education research on critical care, the authors propose a framework informed by cariño conscientizado—critically conscious and authentic care—as central to reconceptualizing notions of school belonging. Research studies on teacher–student and peer relationships, student agency, and organizing are reviewed to identify how they function to disrupt structural factors that maintain educational inequities. Belonging as a concept is problematized through a re-envisioning of curriculum, pedagogy, and school–community relationships as a means to reduce inequality for immigrant and immigrant-origin youth and children.
本章探讨了有助于移民和移民青年产生学校归属感的因素。通过对重症监护教育研究的回顾,作者提出了一个以cariño consciontizado为基础的框架——批判性意识和真实的护理——作为重新定义学校归属概念的核心。回顾了关于师生和同伴关系、学生代理和组织的研究,以确定它们如何发挥作用,破坏维持教育不平等的结构性因素。归属作为一个概念,通过重新设想课程、教育学和学校-社区关系,作为减少移民和移民青年和儿童不平等的一种手段,会产生问题。
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引用次数: 41
Fostering Sociopolitical Consciousness With Minoritized Youth: Insights From Community-Based Arts Programs 培养少数族裔青年的社会政治意识:来自社区艺术项目的见解
IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.3102/0091732X17690122
B. Ngo, C. Lewis, Betsy Maloney Leaf
In this chapter, we review the literature on community-based arts programs serving minoritized youth to identify the conditions and practices for fostering sociopolitical consciousness. Community-based arts programs have the capacity to promote teaching and learning practices in ways that engage youth in the use of academic skills to pursue inquiry, cultural critique, and social action. In this review, we pay particular attention to literary arts, theatre arts, and digital media arts to identify three dimensions of sociopolitical consciousness: identification, mobilization, and cosmopolitanism. By advancing the principle of sociopolitical consciousness within the theory and practice of critical and cultural relevant pedagogies, our review provides ways toward mitigating social and educational disparities.
在本章中,我们回顾了为少数族裔青年服务的社区艺术项目的文献,以确定培养社会政治意识的条件和实践。以社区为基础的艺术项目有能力促进教学和学习实践,使青年参与使用学术技能来追求探究、文化批判和社会行动。在这篇综述中,我们特别关注文学艺术、戏剧艺术和数字媒体艺术,以确定社会政治意识的三个维度:认同、动员和世界主义。通过在批判和文化相关教育学的理论和实践中推进社会政治意识原则,我们的综述提供了减轻社会和教育差异的方法。
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引用次数: 20
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Review of Research in Education
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