Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2178989
Joana Machorrinho, Guida Veiga, G. Santos, J. Marmeleira
ABSTRACT Intimate-partner violence (IPV) is a major threat to women’s lives, with an impact on their physical and mental health, often causing trauma symptoms. The IPV consequences for embodiment-related features that are detrimental to the quality of life and identity structure of victims are understudied. With this study, we aim to examine embodiment-related functions and physical and mental health of women with and without a history of IPV. A total of 47 female victims of IPV (mean age 41.3 ± 11.5 years) living in shelters and 44 non-victims (mean age 43.1 ± 12.5 years) living in the community participated in this cross-sectional study. We used a self-administered survey to assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms, somatic symptoms, and behaviors of self-injury and suicidal ideation. The levels of interoception, movement imagery, body ownership, and bodily dissociation were assessed through tasks and questionnaires, controlling for mental health covariates. Women victims of IPV showed a greater prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (p = .014), depression (p < .001), somatic symptoms (p = .006), self-injury behaviors (p < .001), and suicidal ideation (p < .001). Also, IPV victims showed higher levels of body disownership (p = .025) and bodily dissociation (p < .001) than non-victims, controlling for the presence of PTSD and depression. Our study shows strong evidence of the link between IPV and impairments in embodiment, namely the sense of body ownership and the disconnection from the body. Intimate-partner violence victims need embodiment-informed care to be parallel to the attention given to mental health and somatic symptoms.
{"title":"Battered Body, Battered Self: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Embodiment-Related Impairments of Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence","authors":"Joana Machorrinho, Guida Veiga, G. Santos, J. Marmeleira","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2178989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2178989","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intimate-partner violence (IPV) is a major threat to women’s lives, with an impact on their physical and mental health, often causing trauma symptoms. The IPV consequences for embodiment-related features that are detrimental to the quality of life and identity structure of victims are understudied. With this study, we aim to examine embodiment-related functions and physical and mental health of women with and without a history of IPV. A total of 47 female victims of IPV (mean age 41.3 ± 11.5 years) living in shelters and 44 non-victims (mean age 43.1 ± 12.5 years) living in the community participated in this cross-sectional study. We used a self-administered survey to assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms, somatic symptoms, and behaviors of self-injury and suicidal ideation. The levels of interoception, movement imagery, body ownership, and bodily dissociation were assessed through tasks and questionnaires, controlling for mental health covariates. Women victims of IPV showed a greater prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (p = .014), depression (p < .001), somatic symptoms (p = .006), self-injury behaviors (p < .001), and suicidal ideation (p < .001). Also, IPV victims showed higher levels of body disownership (p = .025) and bodily dissociation (p < .001) than non-victims, controlling for the presence of PTSD and depression. Our study shows strong evidence of the link between IPV and impairments in embodiment, namely the sense of body ownership and the disconnection from the body. Intimate-partner violence victims need embodiment-informed care to be parallel to the attention given to mental health and somatic symptoms.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"1589 - 1603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43118968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2174465
Y. Paat, T. Hope
{"title":"Physical and Psychological Intimate Partner Violence among Hispanic Origin Emerging Adults: Co-Occurrence, Bidirectionality, and Persistence","authors":"Y. Paat, T. Hope","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2174465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2174465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89837457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2177571
İbrahim Gündoğmuş, Cansu Ünsal, L. Alma, Asuhan Par
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of The Turkish Version of The International Trauma Questionnaire","authors":"İbrahim Gündoğmuş, Cansu Ünsal, L. Alma, Asuhan Par","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2177571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2177571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83718283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2177572
Daniel W. Oesterle, Lindsay M. Orchowski, A. Berkowitz
ABSTRACT The current study examines the independent and interactive effects of rape-myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence on men’s ability to recognize sexual assault within a written vignette, and on men’s prior sexual assault perpetration history. Participants included a sample of 610 first-year college men from a large Midwestern University in the United States. Men completed survey assessments of rape myth acceptance, perceived peer approval for sexual violence, and history sexual assault perpetration since the age of 14. Participants also rated the extent to which hypothetical vignettes portraying coercive sexual activity were considered to be sexual assault. Data indicated significant main effects of both rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval on recognizing sexual assault and for prior perpetration of sexual assault. A significant interaction between rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence was detected for prior perpetration of sexual assault, indicating that expression of rape myths may be inhibited when peers are seen as unsupportive. Interactive effects between rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence were not detected for recognizing sexual assault. Implications for sexual assault prevention are discussed, including the possibility that combining rape myth education correction of peer norms may inhibit individuals from acting on rape myths.
{"title":"Rape Myth Acceptance and Sexual Aggression Among College Men: Examining Perceived Peer Approval as a Moderating Risk Factor","authors":"Daniel W. Oesterle, Lindsay M. Orchowski, A. Berkowitz","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2177572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2177572","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current study examines the independent and interactive effects of rape-myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence on men’s ability to recognize sexual assault within a written vignette, and on men’s prior sexual assault perpetration history. Participants included a sample of 610 first-year college men from a large Midwestern University in the United States. Men completed survey assessments of rape myth acceptance, perceived peer approval for sexual violence, and history sexual assault perpetration since the age of 14. Participants also rated the extent to which hypothetical vignettes portraying coercive sexual activity were considered to be sexual assault. Data indicated significant main effects of both rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval on recognizing sexual assault and for prior perpetration of sexual assault. A significant interaction between rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence was detected for prior perpetration of sexual assault, indicating that expression of rape myths may be inhibited when peers are seen as unsupportive. Interactive effects between rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence were not detected for recognizing sexual assault. Implications for sexual assault prevention are discussed, including the possibility that combining rape myth education correction of peer norms may inhibit individuals from acting on rape myths.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"1428 - 1446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48801541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-08DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2174468
Caroline C. Cooney, Eliza Richards, C. Dardis
ABSTRACT Prior research is limited in the study of correspondence between online and in-person forms of sexual harassment (SH) among adult men as well as correlates of these behaviors. The present study assesses whether social dominance orientation (SDO; i.e., the tendency to reject equality and support hierarchy-legitimizing myths and behaviors) might be associated with increases in SH perpetration both online and in-person, perhaps through increases in perceived social support for SH and masculine gender role discrepancy stress. Among a sample of U.S. adult men (N = 167), results indicated that there were indirect effects of SDO on both in-person and online SH through increases in perceived social norms but not through masculine gender role discrepancy stress. A competing model, in which SDO mediates these associations, was not supported. Results support the use of social norms approaches to target perceived social norms, if these results are replicated within temporal designs.
{"title":"Initial Test of a Model of Men’s Sexual Harassment Perpetration: Examining Indirect Effects of Social Dominance Orientation through Social Norms and Gender Role Discrepancy Stress","authors":"Caroline C. Cooney, Eliza Richards, C. Dardis","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2174468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2174468","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prior research is limited in the study of correspondence between online and in-person forms of sexual harassment (SH) among adult men as well as correlates of these behaviors. The present study assesses whether social dominance orientation (SDO; i.e., the tendency to reject equality and support hierarchy-legitimizing myths and behaviors) might be associated with increases in SH perpetration both online and in-person, perhaps through increases in perceived social support for SH and masculine gender role discrepancy stress. Among a sample of U.S. adult men (N = 167), results indicated that there were indirect effects of SDO on both in-person and online SH through increases in perceived social norms but not through masculine gender role discrepancy stress. A competing model, in which SDO mediates these associations, was not supported. Results support the use of social norms approaches to target perceived social norms, if these results are replicated within temporal designs.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"1469 - 1489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45098943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2174467
Yuancheng Huang, Qingling Zhao, Qiong Chen, Caina Li
ABSTRACT The current three-wave longitudinal study investigated whether peer victimization would activate adolescents’ rumination and rejection sensitivity, and therefore exacerbate subsequent loneliness. Surveys were administered to adolescents across three measurements, one year apart. Eight hundred and fifty-seven Chinese adolescents (56.62% males; M age = 14.73, SD = 0.43) completed self-reported and peer-nominated measures of victimization, rumination, rejection sensitivity and loneliness. Results revealed that self-reported, but not peer-nominated victimization at baseline directly predicted adolescent loneliness one year later. Moreover, both rumination and rejection sensitivity exerted mediating effects on the relationship between self-reported victimization and loneliness. Additionally, this parallel mediation model was robust across gender. These findings suggest that self-perceived peer victimization would increase Chinese adolescents’ loneliness since they employ rumination and rejection sensitivity to cope with peer victimization.
{"title":"Rumination and Rejection Sensitivity Elevate Victimized Adolescents’ Loneliness: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study","authors":"Yuancheng Huang, Qingling Zhao, Qiong Chen, Caina Li","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2174467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2174467","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current three-wave longitudinal study investigated whether peer victimization would activate adolescents’ rumination and rejection sensitivity, and therefore exacerbate subsequent loneliness. Surveys were administered to adolescents across three measurements, one year apart. Eight hundred and fifty-seven Chinese adolescents (56.62% males; M age = 14.73, SD = 0.43) completed self-reported and peer-nominated measures of victimization, rumination, rejection sensitivity and loneliness. Results revealed that self-reported, but not peer-nominated victimization at baseline directly predicted adolescent loneliness one year later. Moreover, both rumination and rejection sensitivity exerted mediating effects on the relationship between self-reported victimization and loneliness. Additionally, this parallel mediation model was robust across gender. These findings suggest that self-perceived peer victimization would increase Chinese adolescents’ loneliness since they employ rumination and rejection sensitivity to cope with peer victimization.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"1531 - 1547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45356477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2171828
Verónica Suárez Valdovinos, Angélica Juárez-Loya, L. Ramos-Lira, C. González-Forteza, R. Valdez-Santiago
ABSTRACT This study gathers evidence of the validity of a translated and Spanish-adapted version of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) evaluating both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) in a clinical sample of Mexican women exposed to traumatic experiences. ITQ and a measure of traumatic events were administered to a purposive sample of 112 adult Mexican women attending an outpatient psychiatric service. The psychometric properties of the ITQ were evaluated according to the guidelines of the International Test Commission. The items were analyzed using G-theory, reliability analysis, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The instrument showed to have validity and reliability in this population, with adequate generalization and dependence coefficients (G theory), appropriate reliability indices, and a factorial structure congruent with the original theory. 55% of the participants classified with CPTSD and 14% with PTSD. The ITQ is a brief screening instrument that adequately distinguishes between PTSD and CPTSD in a clinical sample of Mexican women and may help make fundamental decisions in terms of treatment. Further analysis of the psychometric properties of this scale is recommended.
{"title":"International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ): Psychometric properties of the Spanish-language Version in a Clinical Sample of Mexican Women","authors":"Verónica Suárez Valdovinos, Angélica Juárez-Loya, L. Ramos-Lira, C. González-Forteza, R. Valdez-Santiago","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2171828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2171828","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study gathers evidence of the validity of a translated and Spanish-adapted version of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) evaluating both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) in a clinical sample of Mexican women exposed to traumatic experiences. ITQ and a measure of traumatic events were administered to a purposive sample of 112 adult Mexican women attending an outpatient psychiatric service. The psychometric properties of the ITQ were evaluated according to the guidelines of the International Test Commission. The items were analyzed using G-theory, reliability analysis, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The instrument showed to have validity and reliability in this population, with adequate generalization and dependence coefficients (G theory), appropriate reliability indices, and a factorial structure congruent with the original theory. 55% of the participants classified with CPTSD and 14% with PTSD. The ITQ is a brief screening instrument that adequately distinguishes between PTSD and CPTSD in a clinical sample of Mexican women and may help make fundamental decisions in terms of treatment. Further analysis of the psychometric properties of this scale is recommended.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"935 - 949"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43716981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2170841
R. Seah, D. Berle
ABSTRACT Although shame is a common emotional response to trauma exposure, it may be precipitated by distinct trauma types. To our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate the relationship between shame and PTSD symptom severity and whether exposure to at least one interpersonal trauma influences the relationship between shame and PTSD symptoms. One-hundred and fifty-seven participants from Australia, Canada, United States, United Kingdom, and New Zealand completed a series of self-report measures. Although shame was significantly associated with PTSD symptom severity, it was not an independent predictor of PTSD when considering anxiety, depression, trauma history and guilt. Participants exposed to at least one interpersonal traumatic event endorsed higher levels of shame and PTSD compared to those who did not. Interpersonal trauma exposure also moderated the relationship between shame and PTSD. Clinical implications and directions for future research are also discussed.
{"title":"Does Exposure to Interpersonal Trauma Influence the Relationship between Shame and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms?","authors":"R. Seah, D. Berle","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2170841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2170841","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although shame is a common emotional response to trauma exposure, it may be precipitated by distinct trauma types. To our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate the relationship between shame and PTSD symptom severity and whether exposure to at least one interpersonal trauma influences the relationship between shame and PTSD symptoms. One-hundred and fifty-seven participants from Australia, Canada, United States, United Kingdom, and New Zealand completed a series of self-report measures. Although shame was significantly associated with PTSD symptom severity, it was not an independent predictor of PTSD when considering anxiety, depression, trauma history and guilt. Participants exposed to at least one interpersonal traumatic event endorsed higher levels of shame and PTSD compared to those who did not. Interpersonal trauma exposure also moderated the relationship between shame and PTSD. Clinical implications and directions for future research are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"1304 - 1320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43692779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2023.2171825
Nada Elias-Lambert, Sarah R. Leat, Jessica Grace, Rachel J. Voth Schrag
ABSTRACT This study explores faculty members’ rape-supportive beliefs and bystander attitudes and behaviors. An online survey was administered to a non-probability, convenience sample of 167 faculty from a university in the US. The results indicate that faculty gender influences bystander behaviors and their age influences rape myth acceptance. Study results found younger faculty and faculty from specific colleges were more likely to engage in bystander intervention programming. Younger bystander intervention program participants were also less likely to endorse rape myths. The findings offer insight regarding specific content to include in faculty-focused bystander intervention programming and suggestions for messaging to ensure that bystander intervention initiatives are impactful to faculty.
{"title":"Faculty Bystanders: Capturing University Faculty’s Willingness to Engage in Prosocial Behavior","authors":"Nada Elias-Lambert, Sarah R. Leat, Jessica Grace, Rachel J. Voth Schrag","doi":"10.1080/10926771.2023.2171825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2171825","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores faculty members’ rape-supportive beliefs and bystander attitudes and behaviors. An online survey was administered to a non-probability, convenience sample of 167 faculty from a university in the US. The results indicate that faculty gender influences bystander behaviors and their age influences rape myth acceptance. Study results found younger faculty and faculty from specific colleges were more likely to engage in bystander intervention programming. Younger bystander intervention program participants were also less likely to endorse rape myths. The findings offer insight regarding specific content to include in faculty-focused bystander intervention programming and suggestions for messaging to ensure that bystander intervention initiatives are impactful to faculty.","PeriodicalId":47784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma","volume":"32 1","pages":"1374 - 1392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45909072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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