The present‐day state of our knowledge of the self as a soliloquy has not moved far beyond where the American pragmatists, John Dewey and George Herbert Mead, left it almost a century ago. Since their writings underpin the view of the self that current followers of the perspective of symbolic interactionism have adopted, their work still remain relevant today. To advance the development of the self as a soliloquy significantly beyond the point that it currently stands, however, I propose an explanation from the radical interactionist's perspective to account for the self's operation during the interlinkage of the individual acts that results, in conflictive or cooperative social acts. The individual act is reconceived from this new viewpoint, as unfolding over four stages: (1) need, (2) design, (3) re‐design, and (4) ending. While analyzing the self's operation during each one of these stages, I take special pains to explain the indispensable part that domination plays in bringing about their interlinkage, without which social acts of either type could not be completed. I argue that radical interactionism offers a more nuanced and realistic conception of the self's functioning during the interlinking of individual acts than its older cousin, symbolic interactionism, because unlike the latter, which rests on the assumption of sociality, the former is based on the assumption of domination. Thus, radical interactionism can much better account for how the self operates during the interlinking of individual acts that end in both conflictive and cooperative social acts and not only one or the other.
我们今天对自我的认识是一种独白，这与美国实用主义者约翰·杜威(John Dewey)和乔治·赫伯特·米德(George Herbert Mead)在近一个世纪前留下的印象相去不远。由于他们的作品支撑了象征互动主义的追随者所采用的自我观，他们的工作在今天仍然具有相关性。然而，为了将自我的发展作为一种独白显著地超越它目前所处的位置，我从激进互动主义者的角度提出了一种解释，以解释在导致冲突或合作的社会行为的个人行为的相互联系过程中自我的运作。从这个新的观点来看，个人行为可以分为四个阶段:(1)需要，(2)设计，(3)重新设计，(4)结束。在分析自我在每一个阶段中的运作时，我煞费苦心地解释了统治在导致它们相互联系中所起的不可或缺的作用，没有这种联系，任何一种类型的社会行为都不可能完成。我认为激进互动主义比它的前辈象征互动主义提供了一种更细致、更现实的概念，即在个体行为相互联系过程中自我的功能，因为与后者不同，前者建立在社会性假设的基础上，前者建立在统治假设的基础上。因此，激进互动主义可以更好地解释自我是如何在个人行为的相互联系中运作的，这些行为最终导致了冲突和合作的社会行为，而不仅仅是其中之一。
{"title":"The Functioning of the Self During the Interlinkage of Action: A Radical Interactionist Perspective","authors":"Lonnie Athens","doi":"10.1002/symb.672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.672","url":null,"abstract":"The present‐day state of our knowledge of the self as a soliloquy has not moved far beyond where the American pragmatists, John Dewey and George Herbert Mead, left it almost a century ago. Since their writings underpin the view of the self that current followers of the perspective of symbolic interactionism have adopted, their work still remain relevant today. To advance the development of the self as a soliloquy significantly beyond the point that it currently stands, however, I propose an explanation from the radical interactionist's perspective to account for the self's operation during the interlinkage of the individual acts that results, in conflictive or cooperative social acts. The individual act is reconceived from this new viewpoint, as unfolding over four stages: (1) need, (2) design, (3) re‐design, and (4) ending. While analyzing the self's operation during each one of these stages, I take special pains to explain the indispensable part that domination plays in bringing about their interlinkage, without which social acts of either type could not be completed. I argue that radical interactionism offers a more nuanced and realistic conception of the self's functioning during the interlinking of individual acts than its older cousin, symbolic interactionism, because unlike the latter, which rests on the assumption of sociality, the former is based on the assumption of domination. Thus, radical interactionism can much better account for how the self operates during the interlinking of individual acts that end in both conflictive and cooperative social acts and not only one or the other.","PeriodicalId":47804,"journal":{"name":"Symbolic Interaction","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138603105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veronika Burcar Alm, Erik Hannerz, David Wästerfors
Online platforms devoted to investigating criminal cases or mysteries are often seen as reaching outwards to identify suspects, promote punishment, and try to solve cases. Simultaneously, internal interactions between posters motivate them to contribute, even to outdo one another, and so a team spirit emerges. This article analyzes a lengthy thread on a Swedish Internet discussion forum, Flashback, in which a wildlife photographer was exposed for manipulating photographs. We explore how the online interaction is characterized by both competition and collaboration, as well as hard work and displayed expertise, and is framed in terms of the morally right and an underdog perspective. The posters' activities are largely directed at the photographer's moral wrongdoing and take the form of an internal process between the participants, where work and play merge. We analyzed the case with the help of Randall Collins' interaction rituals, Erving Goffman's frames, and the concept of playbour.
{"title":"Hard Work and Fun: Collective Online Interaction in a Case of Photo Fraud","authors":"Veronika Burcar Alm, Erik Hannerz, David Wästerfors","doi":"10.1002/symb.677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.677","url":null,"abstract":"Online platforms devoted to investigating criminal cases or mysteries are often seen as reaching outwards to identify suspects, promote punishment, and try to solve cases. Simultaneously, internal interactions between posters motivate them to contribute, even to outdo one another, and so a team spirit emerges. This article analyzes a lengthy thread on a Swedish Internet discussion forum, Flashback, in which a wildlife photographer was exposed for manipulating photographs. We explore how the online interaction is characterized by both competition and collaboration, as well as hard work and displayed expertise, and is framed in terms of the morally right and an underdog perspective. The posters' activities are largely directed at the photographer's moral wrongdoing and take the form of an internal process between the participants, where work and play merge. We analyzed the case with the help of Randall Collins' interaction rituals, Erving Goffman's frames, and the concept of playbour.","PeriodicalId":47804,"journal":{"name":"Symbolic Interaction","volume":"42 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid masculinities—men's integration of previously marginalized characteristics into acceptable performances of manhood—are emergent in contemporary gender studies. While some scholars see egalitarian promise in these configurations of manhood, their utility in improving gender equality is contested. Drawing from an ethnography of a profeminist Batterer Intervention Program (BIP), I utilize prominent symbolic interactionist theories to explore how men in the program were resocialized to a hybrid hegemonic masculinity. I position defining the situation as fundamental to manhood acts and show how rules in the BIP alter establishment of the working consensus, prompting resocialization even when participants reject ideological or educational program content. The process of resocialization is bolstered by masculinity affirmations deployed when men exhibit desired traits, but undermined by false indicators of change and protective practices deployed by other men. At their most severe, these patterns resulted in symbolic egalitarians—men who promptly adopt the progressive sign‐equipment of the hybrid masculinity, but actively shore up their gendered power. I conclude that awareness of these processes can improve men's interventions, and demonstrate the effectiveness of symbolic interactionism for explaining how hybrid masculinities result in various fields of egalitarian outcomes informed by other theories of masculinity.
{"title":"Undermining the Moral Obligations of Manhood Acts","authors":"Chris M. Vidmar","doi":"10.1002/symb.675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.675","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid masculinities—men's integration of previously marginalized characteristics into acceptable performances of manhood—are emergent in contemporary gender studies. While some scholars see egalitarian promise in these configurations of manhood, their utility in improving gender equality is contested. Drawing from an ethnography of a profeminist Batterer Intervention Program (BIP), I utilize prominent symbolic interactionist theories to explore how men in the program were resocialized to a hybrid hegemonic masculinity. I position defining the situation as fundamental to manhood acts and show how rules in the BIP alter establishment of the working consensus, prompting resocialization even when participants reject ideological or educational program content. The process of resocialization is bolstered by masculinity affirmations deployed when men exhibit desired traits, but undermined by false indicators of change and protective practices deployed by other men. At their most severe, these patterns resulted in symbolic egalitarians—men who promptly adopt the progressive sign‐equipment of the hybrid masculinity, but actively shore up their gendered power. I conclude that awareness of these processes can improve men's interventions, and demonstrate the effectiveness of symbolic interactionism for explaining how hybrid masculinities result in various fields of egalitarian outcomes informed by other theories of masculinity.","PeriodicalId":47804,"journal":{"name":"Symbolic Interaction","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Neo‐Ethnomethodological Program(s): On Alignments with and Departures from Garfinkel","authors":"K. Jenkings","doi":"10.1002/symb.676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47804,"journal":{"name":"Symbolic Interaction","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We explore the role of embodied messages for the interaction order when conducting sensitive biographical research online. Our analysis indicates that mediated situations take shape continuously and are extremely open to different kinds of interaction orderings, including disruptions. Interaction in online interviews is influenced by increased fluidity and intensity caused by the synthetic situation. For the researcher, this results in extra effort in restructuring the main activity and re‐establishing the expressive order. Moreover, the inability to be physically present in affective interview situations created virtual private mental spaces where interaction of intense emotions was partly restricted.
{"title":"Conducting Sensitive Interviews Online","authors":"Outi Kähäri, Kristel Edelman","doi":"10.1002/symb.674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.674","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the role of embodied messages for the interaction order when conducting sensitive biographical research online. Our analysis indicates that mediated situations take shape continuously and are extremely open to different kinds of interaction orderings, including disruptions. Interaction in online interviews is influenced by increased fluidity and intensity caused by the synthetic situation. For the researcher, this results in extra effort in restructuring the main activity and re‐establishing the expressive order. Moreover, the inability to be physically present in affective interview situations created virtual private mental spaces where interaction of intense emotions was partly restricted.","PeriodicalId":47804,"journal":{"name":"Symbolic Interaction","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existing research on conspiracy theories rarely examines their impact on interaction or how these theories are perceived by non‐believers. We conducted in‐depth interviews with twenty non‐believers whose family members believed in the QAnon conspiracy theory. Using face‐work as the main framework, findings reveal the role of face in the structure of encounters between believers and non‐believers. Non‐believing participants experienced identity violations and responded to face‐threats through protective or defensive maneuvers; corrective processes, or aggressive uses of face. The study places conspiracy belief in social context, showing how epistemic identity is asserted in interactions, and demonstrating its relevance to our post‐truth era.
{"title":"Conflict Over Conspiracy Theories: Face‐Work, Epistemic Identity, and the Structure of Interactions","authors":"Jennifer M. Whitmer, Meggan M. Jordan","doi":"10.1002/symb.673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.673","url":null,"abstract":"Existing research on conspiracy theories rarely examines their impact on interaction or how these theories are perceived by non‐believers. We conducted in‐depth interviews with twenty non‐believers whose family members believed in the QAnon conspiracy theory. Using face‐work as the main framework, findings reveal the role of face in the structure of encounters between believers and non‐believers. Non‐believing participants experienced identity violations and responded to face‐threats through protective or defensive maneuvers; corrective processes, or aggressive uses of face. The study places conspiracy belief in social context, showing how epistemic identity is asserted in interactions, and demonstrating its relevance to our post‐truth era.","PeriodicalId":47804,"journal":{"name":"Symbolic Interaction","volume":"74 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Symbolic InteractionEarly View BOOK REVIEW A Political Goffman or Apolitical Goffman? Gary Alan Fine, Gary Alan Fine [email protected] Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USASearch for more papers by this author Gary Alan Fine, Gary Alan Fine [email protected] Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 06 October 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.671Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES Goffman, Erving. 1967. Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior. Garden City, NY: Anchor. Michael Hviid Jacobson and Greg Smith, eds. 2022. The Routledge International Handbook of Goffman Studies. Abingdon; New York: Routledge. Lenz, Karl. 2023. “Do Goffman Studies Exist? Book Review: The Routledge International Handbook of Goffman Studies, Edited by Jacobsen and Smith (2022).” Symbolic Interaction. (Online First). https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.658. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue ReferencesRelatedInformation
符号互动早期书评政治高夫还是非政治高夫?Gary Alan Fine, Gary Alan Fine [email protected]美国伊利诺斯州埃文斯顿西北大学[email protected]美国伊利诺斯州埃文斯顿西北大学[email protected]搜索该作者的更多论文2023年10月6日https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.671Read全文taboutpdf ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare给予accessShare全文accessShare全文accessShare请查看我们的使用条款和条件，并勾选下面的复选框共享文章的全文版本。我已经阅读并接受了Wiley在线图书馆使用共享链接的条款和条件，请使用下面的链接与您的朋友和同事分享本文的全文版本。学习更多的知识。复制URL共享链接共享一个emailfacebooktwitterlinkedinreddit微信本文无摘要参考文献欧文·戈夫曼1967。互动仪式:关于面对面行为的论文。花园城，纽约:锚。迈克尔·赫维德·雅各布森和格雷格·史密斯编。2022. 劳特利奇国际高夫曼研究手册。阿宾顿;纽约:劳特利奇出版社。卡尔·伦茨，2023。“戈夫曼研究存在吗?”书评:《劳特利奇国际高夫曼研究手册》，由雅各布森和史密斯编辑(2022)。符号互动。(在线)。https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.658。在问题包含之前的早期视图在线版本的记录参考信息
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Fair Share Senior Activism, Tiny Publics, and the Culture of Resistance By Gary Alan Fine (University of Chicago Press, 2023) Before sociology, I aspired to be a good writer. Those like me will love Gary Alan Fine's prologue to his new ethnography, in which he draws a movingly adventurous scene of elderly Chicagoans questing to Wisconsin through a snowstorm in 2016. Using canes and walkers, these senior activists arrive and march through snow, protesting right-wing threats to social security emanating from then-Speaker of the House Paul Ryan's offices in Racine. The vividity with which Fine narratively weaves together his fieldnotes makes an implicit argument, certainly against ageism, but also for the importance of the craft of writing in sociology. Fine illustrates the angst and agency of his septa-, octo-, and a few nonagenarian subjects. Elderly progressives will require bathroom breaks, but they can fire up much like the young folk that occupied our screens during The Resistance. “Senior protest can smell like teen spirit (p. 5),” quips Fine, signposting the book's puzzle: How do the limits and possibilities of senior activism reveal the everyday particularities, promises, and limitations of attempting to make social change? Fine's answer is that groups have local cultures, constituted by shared values like progressivism and memorable events like the march on Racine, transmitted by and within specific kinds of interaction and talk about what the group is and what it is up to. Chapters one and two discuss the progressive values and movement involvement of seniors. The next two chapters analyze elderly activists' actions and their politics of memory. A set of chapters covers the inter- and intra-organizational politics of Chicago Seniors Together (CST), particularly the fraught role of identity politics in forging networks of progressive tiny publics. Ethnographically demonstrating that local culture is the vital stuff of locally specific connections between the personal and the structural is a culmination and grounding of Fine's recent theoretical work on tiny publics and the hinge of society. In Fair Share: Senior Activism, Tiny Publics, and the Culture of Resistance, Fine makes an excellent case for and an example of observing a social movement as something like a social club. The meso-level of society, a middle and peopled realm wherein local values, interactions, experiences, and stories produce the necessary sociality for pursuing activism, shines through the book. The book is about a social movement organization of senior progressives, anonymized as CST. As I noted, the first two thematic chapters tackle Fine's key concerns about local cultures of activism and the puzzle posed by elderly activists. Why and how do senior citizens put their aging bodies on the line? The answer is not only about frames, political organization, and the availability of resources. Fine starts somewhere that is often conceptually and intellectually thorny in t
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