Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2277794
Liz Feld
The growing outrage over the continued stewardship of artefacts acquired through nefarious means has compelled cultural institutions to explore their role in marginalising cultures through misrepresentation. Indigenous communities around the globe are seeking the repatriation of sacred objects often collected through colonial violence. Though many museums have collaborated with communities to repatriate these artefacts, many have also avoided or refused repatriation requests, leaving communities without recourse. This paper will explore repatriation in the digital world through the lens of Cercle d’Art des Travailleurs de Plantation Congolaise’s (CATPC) the quest for the return of an important Balot Pende sculpture from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, and whether creating a digital iteration, like an Non-Fungible Token (NFT) of a sacred object, offers a potential activist tool to reclaim an alternate form of ownership when physical repatriation is not available.
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Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2277782
Shatha Abu-Khafajah
ABSTRACTAuthoritative urban knowledge (AUK) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is a neocolonial construct firmly rooted in oriental imaginaries and colonial/modern urbanism. It informs the managerial epistemology of neoliberal ‘development’ projects, where urban studies are confined to diagnostic analysis and optimistic calls for local inclusion to counteract state authority and foreign hegemony. This study critically examines the epistemic production of urban spaces at the nexus of heritage, modernity, and migration in the MENA, anchoring the criticism in a case study of urban development in Ras-Al-Ein – also known as the Muhajirin (refugees) neighbourhood – in the historic core of Amman. It then couples ethnographic interviews conducted with the residents of Ras-Al-Ein with decolonial thinking to explore local engagement with urban space as ‘subjugated knowledge’, and to contest the persistence of the AUK. It validates this engagement as local urban knowledge (LUK) and capitalises on the self-critique, irony and resistance depicted in Ras-Al-Ein to argue for a decolonial approach to urban knowledge. It argues that LUK can shift the debate in urban studies from practice analysis to an ethnographic theorisation of urban knowledge. This theorisation is crucial for challenging adverse perceptions of peoples and places and informing development with prudent knowledge.KEYWORDS: Local urban knowledgeauthoritative urban knowledgeknowledge decolonisationurban heritage developmentrefugees AcknowledgementI thank Sondos Hammad and Abdulrahman Al-Debsi for their help in conducting the interviews in 2021. Sarah Elliott, Annalisa Bolin and Lynn Meskell revised the article and provided great advice and immense help. I am grateful for their support. The people of Amman keep welcoming me to their homes and generously sharing their thoughts, memories and worries. Without their generosity and support, this article would not have come to light.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Elsheshtawy (Citation2008) poses the ontological question, ‘Do Arabs still exist? Not in the sense of a physical presence – but rather as a vital and contributing civilization’.2. From the English poet Alfred William Hunt’s 1851 prize poem, Nineveh—‘But aught beyond tradition’s oral tale/Or gleams of truth, like wavering sunlights pale,/The Arab knows not, though around him rise/The sepulchres of earth’s first monarchies’.3. From the English scholar Henry Tristram’s 1882 Palestine travel journal observation on Amman.4. From the English poet, writer, and adventurer Charles Doughty’s 1888 two-volume book, Travels in Arabia Deserta.5. Al-Ahli was the name given to the club by the founder of modern Jordan, Amir Abdullah. Meaning ‘family and relatives’, it replaced the old Circassian name and was intended to indicate the brotherly bond between the people of Amman.Additional informationNotes on contributorsShatha Abu-KhafajahShatha A
{"title":"Heritage, modernity and the <i>Muhajirin</i> in Amman: decolonising urban knowledge in Ras-Al-Ein","authors":"Shatha Abu-Khafajah","doi":"10.1080/13527258.2023.2277782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2277782","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAuthoritative urban knowledge (AUK) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is a neocolonial construct firmly rooted in oriental imaginaries and colonial/modern urbanism. It informs the managerial epistemology of neoliberal ‘development’ projects, where urban studies are confined to diagnostic analysis and optimistic calls for local inclusion to counteract state authority and foreign hegemony. This study critically examines the epistemic production of urban spaces at the nexus of heritage, modernity, and migration in the MENA, anchoring the criticism in a case study of urban development in Ras-Al-Ein – also known as the Muhajirin (refugees) neighbourhood – in the historic core of Amman. It then couples ethnographic interviews conducted with the residents of Ras-Al-Ein with decolonial thinking to explore local engagement with urban space as ‘subjugated knowledge’, and to contest the persistence of the AUK. It validates this engagement as local urban knowledge (LUK) and capitalises on the self-critique, irony and resistance depicted in Ras-Al-Ein to argue for a decolonial approach to urban knowledge. It argues that LUK can shift the debate in urban studies from practice analysis to an ethnographic theorisation of urban knowledge. This theorisation is crucial for challenging adverse perceptions of peoples and places and informing development with prudent knowledge.KEYWORDS: Local urban knowledgeauthoritative urban knowledgeknowledge decolonisationurban heritage developmentrefugees AcknowledgementI thank Sondos Hammad and Abdulrahman Al-Debsi for their help in conducting the interviews in 2021. Sarah Elliott, Annalisa Bolin and Lynn Meskell revised the article and provided great advice and immense help. I am grateful for their support. The people of Amman keep welcoming me to their homes and generously sharing their thoughts, memories and worries. Without their generosity and support, this article would not have come to light.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Elsheshtawy (Citation2008) poses the ontological question, ‘Do Arabs still exist? Not in the sense of a physical presence – but rather as a vital and contributing civilization’.2. From the English poet Alfred William Hunt’s 1851 prize poem, Nineveh—‘But aught beyond tradition’s oral tale/Or gleams of truth, like wavering sunlights pale,/The Arab knows not, though around him rise/The sepulchres of earth’s first monarchies’.3. From the English scholar Henry Tristram’s 1882 Palestine travel journal observation on Amman.4. From the English poet, writer, and adventurer Charles Doughty’s 1888 two-volume book, Travels in Arabia Deserta.5. Al-Ahli was the name given to the club by the founder of modern Jordan, Amir Abdullah. Meaning ‘family and relatives’, it replaced the old Circassian name and was intended to indicate the brotherly bond between the people of Amman.Additional informationNotes on contributorsShatha Abu-KhafajahShatha A","PeriodicalId":47807,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heritage Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-29DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2275261
Yingxin Zhang, Deniz Ikiz Kaya, Pieter van Wesemael, Bernard J. Colenbrander
The management of cultural heritage is no longer exclusive to heritage professionals. The engagement of various stakeholders, particularly underrepresented groups in communities, is crucial to promote inclusiveness in heritage management practices. As future decision-makers, youth are vital to be engaged, yet their participation remains at a low level due to the underestimation of youth capacities and a lack of motivation among youth. Little research has been done to comprehensively conceptualise youth participation and frame it in the context of cultural heritage management. To fill this gap, an integrative literature review was conducted using academic and grey literature from participatory urban planning, design, governance, and heritage management fields. The results show that existing theories have made valuable insights into approaching youth participation by identifying the definition and roles of youth, levels of participation, and methods of engagement. However, they have so far failed to fully address the fluid nature of youth engagement and lack reflections from youth perspectives towards their initiatives to participatory practices. Drawing on the results, we propose a new conceptual framework consisting of four dimensions: purpose, positioning, perspectives, and power relations, which define youth participation theoretically and methodologically in cultural heritage management.
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Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2272255
Veronica Sau-Wa Mak
ABSTRACTA growing number of traditional agricultural systems around the world have been designated Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), as they are exemplars of the accumulated wisdom of human communities and their close relationship with the local ecology. Heritage inscription is a strategy used to conserve and increase awareness of this inheritance. However, the role of scientists in the construction and inscription of the agricultural heritage has been understudied. Through a qualitative methodology and participatory-observation research, this study examines biocultural heritage construction in a GIAHS in the Kunisaki Peninsula of Oita, Japan. Drawing on actor-network theory and based on the experience of scientists who specialise in traditional log-cultivated shiitake farming, this study demonstrates the role of non-human actors – a fungus-covered chip and shiitake, in particular – in the heritagisation process and the role of scientists in stabilising and destabilising the heritage network. I find that the heritage inscription process of the tradition of log-cultivated shiitake farming has created a new form of identity and moral capital associated not only with the conservation of Japanese food and agricultural heritage but also with the continued existence of local rural villages, protection of national food security and global environmental health.KEYWORDS: Agricultural heritageKunisaki peninsulashiitakeheritage processactor-network Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. For the term ‘sustainable’, I follow the principles used by Howard et al (Citation2008).2. One reason that log-cultivated shiitake are healthier than shiitake cultivated by other methods is that the former have higher B12 content. According to Kisaku Mori (Citation1974), large trees with roots deep in the soil can take B12 from deeper layers. Shiitake mushrooms, which grow in the wood of dead trees, take vitamins such as B12 from their hosts.3. Unless otherwise stated, I use science to denote ‘knowledge about the structure and behavior of the natural and physical world, based on facts that you can prove, for example by experiments’ (Oxford Advanced American Dictionary Citation2023)4. See Welsch (Citation1999) on the reflexification of the term ‘culture’, which they argue should be revised to ‘transculture’.5. Through out the research, I have followed the American Anthropology Association ethical guidelines (American Anthropological Association Citation2023). I have disclosed myself as a researcher, guaranteeing anonymity, and offering an opt-out option, and have the informed consent forms being signed. Since my informants would like to have their names mentioned, I have used their real names instead of using pseudo-names.6. In this article, I adopt the definition of FAO (Howard et al. Citation2008 for sustainability, which includes criteria such possessing financial and economic viability, and sustaina
世界上越来越多的传统农业系统被指定为全球重要农业文化遗产系统(GIAHS)，因为它们是人类社会积累智慧及其与当地生态密切关系的典范。遗产铭文是一种用于保护和提高对这种遗产的认识的策略。然而，科学家在农业文化遗产的建设和铭文中的作用还没有得到充分的研究。本研究通过定性方法和参与式观察研究，对日本大分国崎半岛GIAHS的生物文化遗产建设进行了研究。利用行动者网络理论并基于专门从事传统原木种植的香菇种植的科学家的经验，这项研究展示了非人类行动者——特别是真菌覆盖的芯片和香菇——在遗产化过程中的作用，以及科学家在稳定和破坏遗产网络方面的作用。我发现，原木种植香菇传统的遗产铭文过程创造了一种新的身份和道德资本形式，不仅与日本食品和农业遗产的保护有关，而且与当地农村的持续存在、保护国家粮食安全和全球环境健康有关。关键词:农业文化遗产国崎半岛文化遗产处理者网络披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。对于“可持续”一词，我遵循Howard等人(Citation2008)使用的原则。原木栽培的香菇比其他方法栽培的香菇更健康的一个原因是前者含有更高的B12含量。根据Kisaku Mori (Citation1974)的说法，扎根于土壤深处的大树可以从更深的土层中吸收B12。香菇生长在枯死的树木中，从它们的宿主那里吸收维生素B12。除非另有说明，我用科学来表示“关于自然和物理世界的结构和行为的知识，这种知识是基于你可以证明的事实，例如通过实验”(牛津高级美国词典引文2023)。参见Welsch (Citation1999)对“文化”一词的反思，他们认为应该将其修改为“跨文化”。在整个研究过程中，我一直遵循美国人类学协会的道德准则(美国人类学协会引文2023)。我已经披露了自己的研究身份，保证匿名，并提供退出的选择，并签署了知情同意书。5 .由于我的举报人都希望我们提到他们的名字，所以我使用了他们的真实姓名，而不是假名。在本文中，我采用FAO (Howard et al.)的定义。可持续性，包括具有财务和经济可行性和长期可持续性的标准，具有系统灵活性和弹性，以及应对不断变化的环境或社会经济条件、压力或机会的适应能力，以及人类与环境关系和趋势的长期可持续性，在生态和社会意义上(如营养循环和人口统计)7。笔者于2023.8年8月在龙泉、清远、金陵三地实地考察时，与三地人民进行了验证。在文化治理方面，福柯展示了政府和纪律制度交织在一起的地方的不同叙述和挪用如何涉及权力。详情请参阅MAFF网站(https://www.maff.go.jp/e/index.html).10)。我对香菇遗产网络的研究支持这样一种说法，即演员和他们的网络是同时定义的，消除了宏观/微观的区别(Law和Hassard Citation1999)。其他资料资助本研究获中国香港特别行政区研究资助局拨款UGC/FDS15/H06/21[研资局项目编号:UGC / FDS15 H06/21]。作者简介麦秀华，香港树仁大学社会学系副教授。她的研究兴趣集中在日本、中国、香港和东南亚的食品、技术和遗产政治。
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Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2272251
José Manuel Barros García
ABSTRACTRoca Barea’s Imperiofobia y Leyenda Negra (Empirephobia and Black Legend) has been a bestseller in Spain since it was published in 2016. However, this historical essay has also provoked intense controversy regarding the veracity of data presented and the ambivalence, or even incoherence, of its arguments. This article analyses Imperiofobia from a different point of view: as a heritage product with a strong narrative dimension. A heritage product can enable an individual story to be inserted into a collective mythological narrative, as in the case of this book. Imperiofobia encourages the reader to become involved in an epic war against the enemies of empires, as well as against the enemies of Spain (mainly the eurozone’s most powerful countries and progressive or left-wing intellectuals). This involvement dimension is essential to understand how, in general, ambivalent and even incoherent narratives about the past can be functional in socio-political dynamics.KEYWORDS: ImperiofobiaaestheticsnarrativeRoca Bareafantasy Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. By 2021, 30 editions of the book had been published (https://www.siruela.com).2. Imperiophobie. Rom, Russland, die Vereinigten Staaten und das Spanische Imperium. Translated by Christine Merz and published by Westend. https://www.westendverlag.de/buch/imperiophobie/3. Following the success of Imperiofobia, a significant number of books have been published on black legend or as a defence of Spain and its history. See, for example, Landaluce (Citation2018), Insua (Citation2018, with a foreword by Roca Barea) and Esparza (Citation2021).4. Quotations from Spanish texts have been translated by the author.5. This structure and the quotations included in this article are from the sixth edition (March 2017). Although the structure of the book has changed in the 2022 edition, all quotations also appear in this latest edition.6. On the history of the concept black legend and its use since the nineteenth century see Villanueva (Citation2011). Straehle (Citation2020) analyses its use today.7. Fiction can be defined as ‘a use of signs meant by the producer to invite the user to imagine, without believing them, states of affairs obtaining in a world that differ in some respect from the actual world’ (Ryan Citation2020, 78). The problem, as we shall see in this article, is that our relationship with fiction is very ambivalent.8. Concerning the relationship between heritage and fiction see also van Dijk (Citation2023).9. Although Lowenthal develops these modes of fabrication more broadly in The Past is a Foreign Country, for the purposes of this article they are more appropriate as formulated in his ‘Fabricating Heritage’.10. In order to define the United States as an empire, Roca Barea very loosely takes Dandelet’s (Citation2001) concept of ‘informal empire’.11. In later editions, Roca Barea has removed ‘and now’ from this text.12. On the concept nar
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Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2263755
Edyta Roszko
With the emergence of critical heritage studies, scholars show that ‘bottom up’ initiatives that blur the boundaries between private, civil, and state have arisen not as a modernising vision to legitimise national authority but as ‘rooted in identification with local community’, linking past and future. In China, such studies demonstrate the emergence of a different kind of museology – with ‘private’ heritage initiatives on behalf of individuals and groups – tolerated by the state authorities through investments that link heritage tourism to development. However, when a maritime vision of national history is at stake, the central state would co-opt ‘private’ heritage initiatives to subsume them under the wider, sanitised narrative of Chinese maritime civilisation that requires a different relation to the past and its extraction from the localities that do not inscribe their heritage into these universalised visions. Zooming in on three museums in Hainan related to the South China Sea (SCS), I reveal the contradictory claims made by different actors regarding the use, representation and ownership claims of historical seafaring in terms of cultural heritage. Therefore, I argue that heritagisation of seafaring in the SCS represent proprietary and thus territorial claims for China’s rhetoric of maritime ecological civilisation.
{"title":"Heritagising the South China Sea: appropriation and dispossession of maritime heritage through museums and exhibitions in Southern China","authors":"Edyta Roszko","doi":"10.1080/13527258.2023.2263755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2263755","url":null,"abstract":"With the emergence of critical heritage studies, scholars show that ‘bottom up’ initiatives that blur the boundaries between private, civil, and state have arisen not as a modernising vision to legitimise national authority but as ‘rooted in identification with local community’, linking past and future. In China, such studies demonstrate the emergence of a different kind of museology – with ‘private’ heritage initiatives on behalf of individuals and groups – tolerated by the state authorities through investments that link heritage tourism to development. However, when a maritime vision of national history is at stake, the central state would co-opt ‘private’ heritage initiatives to subsume them under the wider, sanitised narrative of Chinese maritime civilisation that requires a different relation to the past and its extraction from the localities that do not inscribe their heritage into these universalised visions. Zooming in on three museums in Hainan related to the South China Sea (SCS), I reveal the contradictory claims made by different actors regarding the use, representation and ownership claims of historical seafaring in terms of cultural heritage. Therefore, I argue that heritagisation of seafaring in the SCS represent proprietary and thus territorial claims for China’s rhetoric of maritime ecological civilisation.","PeriodicalId":47807,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heritage Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2263759
Andrew Newman, Niki Black, Bruce Davenport
This paper explores how a series of contemporary art commissions displayed in heritage sites were used for emotion regulation purposes. The data used was qualitative and originated from a research project entitled Mapping Contemporary Art in the Heritage Experience, which was funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (undertaken between 2017 and 2019). The respondents (n = 22) came from four groups who visited five contemporary artworks that were commissioned for four heritage sites in North East England. The literature used to support the analysis originated from several disciplines and was chosen for its ability to help to explore the responses of the participants. We conclude that the respondents used the experience of engaging with the contemporary art commissions in heritage sites for emotion regulation. However, this was mainly observed when change in emotional response was perceived as necessary by respondents.
{"title":"The use of emotion regulation by visitors to contemporary art commissions in heritage sites","authors":"Andrew Newman, Niki Black, Bruce Davenport","doi":"10.1080/13527258.2023.2263759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2263759","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how a series of contemporary art commissions displayed in heritage sites were used for emotion regulation purposes. The data used was qualitative and originated from a research project entitled Mapping Contemporary Art in the Heritage Experience, which was funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (undertaken between 2017 and 2019). The respondents (n = 22) came from four groups who visited five contemporary artworks that were commissioned for four heritage sites in North East England. The literature used to support the analysis originated from several disciplines and was chosen for its ability to help to explore the responses of the participants. We conclude that the respondents used the experience of engaging with the contemporary art commissions in heritage sites for emotion regulation. However, this was mainly observed when change in emotional response was perceived as necessary by respondents.","PeriodicalId":47807,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heritage Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135596316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2263760
Dean Sully, Matt Ward, Jimmy Loizeau
This article considers the concept of Illegal that is used to challenge the disciplinary constraints of authorised heritage practice. The Illegal provides a conceptual device to consider the ontological reality of the heritage world and the necessary illusion of the heritage profession. Alongside, the critical challenges to the Authorised Heritage Discourse presented by Indigenous Worlds, guerrilla restoration, People Centred Approaches, Experimental Preservation, and creative heritage practice, the tactical activism of Illegal practice is offered as an insurgent tool for transforming heritage worlds. Two recent Illegal projects, the ‘Illegal Town Plan’ and the Illegal Museum of Beyond’s ‘Objects of the Misanthropocene’ exhibition project, present speculative insouciance as a method for putting the Illegal into heritage practice.
{"title":"Putting the Illegal into heritage practice","authors":"Dean Sully, Matt Ward, Jimmy Loizeau","doi":"10.1080/13527258.2023.2263760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2263760","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the concept of Illegal that is used to challenge the disciplinary constraints of authorised heritage practice. The Illegal provides a conceptual device to consider the ontological reality of the heritage world and the necessary illusion of the heritage profession. Alongside, the critical challenges to the Authorised Heritage Discourse presented by Indigenous Worlds, guerrilla restoration, People Centred Approaches, Experimental Preservation, and creative heritage practice, the tactical activism of Illegal practice is offered as an insurgent tool for transforming heritage worlds. Two recent Illegal projects, the ‘Illegal Town Plan’ and the Illegal Museum of Beyond’s ‘Objects of the Misanthropocene’ exhibition project, present speculative insouciance as a method for putting the Illegal into heritage practice.","PeriodicalId":47807,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heritage Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135829322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2263749
Hongfang Sun, Jianqiang Yan
ABSTRACTThe paper engages directly with ‘Xuefang Liang’s Embroidery Art Exhibition’ held at the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders as a departure point for investigating the narrative presentation of the Nanjing Massacre through artistic practice. The exhibition uses embroidery images to tell the stories of foreigners who established the Nanking Safety Zone to protect and help refugees during the Nanjing Massacre. The materiality and cultural significance of the embroidery art is used to enrich and better interpret the meaning-making space of the trauma narrative. Meanwhile, embroidery exhibits, as the material expression of the human factors in intangible cultural heritage, are critical to generating emotions from intimate contact between objects and people. Further, the visitors’ prior sensory memories facilitate the embodiment of emotions, which in turn provides ways to strengthen the visitors’ ability to derive meanings from museum engagement.KEYWORDS: Embroiderythe Nanjing Massacretraumatic narrativesensory memories AcknowledgementsThanks to Yi Wu from The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders for grateful help. I also thank sincerely anonymous reviewers and editors for their comments and feedback.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. http://www.19371213.com.cn/en/about/museum/202007/t20200710_2236058.html2. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/U5Zqr4tlD1ZNqkrN5Hpbkg Accessed 14 May 2020.3. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/olmfpNrEPT1Ql8PmB7QH_w Accessed 16 May 2020.4. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/uoUo8Loa-L_nLjlEWU1q9Q Accessed 17 May 2020.5. https://m.weibo.cn/status/4744422443717663?sourceType=weixin&from=10C8295010&wm=9006_2001&featurecode=newtitleAdditional informationNotes on contributorsHongfang SunHongfang Sun (2467571036@qq.com) is a PhD candidate at Department of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University. She is interested in difficult heritage and museums, exploring the relationship between memory and emotion in visitors’ engagement.Jianqiang YanJianqiang Yan (yanjq9911@163.com) is a professor at Department of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University. He researches in Museology.
{"title":"Soft and resilient: When embroidery encounters narrating the Nanjing Massacre in the Memorial Hall","authors":"Hongfang Sun, Jianqiang Yan","doi":"10.1080/13527258.2023.2263749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2263749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe paper engages directly with ‘Xuefang Liang’s Embroidery Art Exhibition’ held at the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders as a departure point for investigating the narrative presentation of the Nanjing Massacre through artistic practice. The exhibition uses embroidery images to tell the stories of foreigners who established the Nanking Safety Zone to protect and help refugees during the Nanjing Massacre. The materiality and cultural significance of the embroidery art is used to enrich and better interpret the meaning-making space of the trauma narrative. Meanwhile, embroidery exhibits, as the material expression of the human factors in intangible cultural heritage, are critical to generating emotions from intimate contact between objects and people. Further, the visitors’ prior sensory memories facilitate the embodiment of emotions, which in turn provides ways to strengthen the visitors’ ability to derive meanings from museum engagement.KEYWORDS: Embroiderythe Nanjing Massacretraumatic narrativesensory memories AcknowledgementsThanks to Yi Wu from The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders for grateful help. I also thank sincerely anonymous reviewers and editors for their comments and feedback.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. http://www.19371213.com.cn/en/about/museum/202007/t20200710_2236058.html2. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/U5Zqr4tlD1ZNqkrN5Hpbkg Accessed 14 May 2020.3. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/olmfpNrEPT1Ql8PmB7QH_w Accessed 16 May 2020.4. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/uoUo8Loa-L_nLjlEWU1q9Q Accessed 17 May 2020.5. https://m.weibo.cn/status/4744422443717663?sourceType=weixin&from=10C8295010&wm=9006_2001&featurecode=newtitleAdditional informationNotes on contributorsHongfang SunHongfang Sun (2467571036@qq.com) is a PhD candidate at Department of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University. She is interested in difficult heritage and museums, exploring the relationship between memory and emotion in visitors’ engagement.Jianqiang YanJianqiang Yan (yanjq9911@163.com) is a professor at Department of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University. He researches in Museology.","PeriodicalId":47807,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heritage Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2263848
Milos Milenkovic
ABSTRACTAnthropology and critical heritage studies share a rather negative view of the role of bureaucracy in heritage management as utilised by the international community in post-conflict regions. However, fieldwork findings among ethnologists working as expert bureaucrats in four Western Balkan states (Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina) suggest that the ongoing process of the ‘bureaucratisation’ of collective identities, based on UNESCO principles, holds more promise for successful conflict management than relying solely on day-to-day politics or a purely academic critique. The safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage has emerged as a powerful tool for redirecting identity-based conflicts towards abstract concepts such as ‘elements’, ‘lists’, and ‘registers’. These abstractions are less susceptible to suffering than real individuals. Consequently, this approach offers a greater chance of success in mitigating conflicts. Anthropology’s most significant contribution to the global implementation of the heritage-for-peace paradigm could be to reconcile with ethnology, despite any disciplinary incongruity that may arise.KEYWORDS: Intangible cultural heritagepost-conflict reconciliationbureaucracyWestern balkansanthropology vs. ethnology AcknowledgementsThe fieldwork activities in the Western Balkans, and the knowledge-to-policy aspects of this research, were funded through the Civil Society Scholar Award 2019/20 by the Open Society Foundation. The theoretical aspect of the research was developed within a multiyear research project funded by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia (Identities Call Project No. 1534). I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the institutions that helped fund this multi-year study. I extend special gratitude to the editor and reviewers who provided valuable insights on enhancing the clarity of the argument and making the proposed model more accessible for comparative reflection. Fr. Robin Fox kindly proofread the final version, for which I am thankful.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. https://ich.unesco.org/en/directives: http://rm.coe.int/16806f6a03; https://www.osce.org/mc/40881?download=true; https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/14304?download=true; https://ich.unesco.org/doc/src/32121-EN.pdf; http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/743151530217186766/; ESF-Guidance-Note-8-Cultural-Heritage-English.pdf.2. https://www.coe.int/en/web/culture-and-heritage/faro-convention; https://en.unesco.org/creativity/convention; http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/convention.3. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001325/132540e.pdf (Article 2).4. For further information about the acceleration of identity-based conflicts see Anghelescu et al. (Citation2016), Petrovic and Wilson (Citation2021).5. The ways particular states in the region implement UNESCO conventions are portrayed in Schreiber (Citation2017).6. For further information about t
{"title":"The promises of the bureaucratisation of intangible cultural heritage safeguarding in post-conflict regions: lessons from anthropological fieldwork in four Western Balkan states","authors":"Milos Milenkovic","doi":"10.1080/13527258.2023.2263848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2023.2263848","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAnthropology and critical heritage studies share a rather negative view of the role of bureaucracy in heritage management as utilised by the international community in post-conflict regions. However, fieldwork findings among ethnologists working as expert bureaucrats in four Western Balkan states (Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina) suggest that the ongoing process of the ‘bureaucratisation’ of collective identities, based on UNESCO principles, holds more promise for successful conflict management than relying solely on day-to-day politics or a purely academic critique. The safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage has emerged as a powerful tool for redirecting identity-based conflicts towards abstract concepts such as ‘elements’, ‘lists’, and ‘registers’. These abstractions are less susceptible to suffering than real individuals. Consequently, this approach offers a greater chance of success in mitigating conflicts. Anthropology’s most significant contribution to the global implementation of the heritage-for-peace paradigm could be to reconcile with ethnology, despite any disciplinary incongruity that may arise.KEYWORDS: Intangible cultural heritagepost-conflict reconciliationbureaucracyWestern balkansanthropology vs. ethnology AcknowledgementsThe fieldwork activities in the Western Balkans, and the knowledge-to-policy aspects of this research, were funded through the Civil Society Scholar Award 2019/20 by the Open Society Foundation. The theoretical aspect of the research was developed within a multiyear research project funded by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia (Identities Call Project No. 1534). I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the institutions that helped fund this multi-year study. I extend special gratitude to the editor and reviewers who provided valuable insights on enhancing the clarity of the argument and making the proposed model more accessible for comparative reflection. Fr. Robin Fox kindly proofread the final version, for which I am thankful.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. https://ich.unesco.org/en/directives: http://rm.coe.int/16806f6a03; https://www.osce.org/mc/40881?download=true; https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/14304?download=true; https://ich.unesco.org/doc/src/32121-EN.pdf; http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/743151530217186766/; ESF-Guidance-Note-8-Cultural-Heritage-English.pdf.2. https://www.coe.int/en/web/culture-and-heritage/faro-convention; https://en.unesco.org/creativity/convention; http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/convention.3. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001325/132540e.pdf (Article 2).4. For further information about the acceleration of identity-based conflicts see Anghelescu et al. (Citation2016), Petrovic and Wilson (Citation2021).5. The ways particular states in the region implement UNESCO conventions are portrayed in Schreiber (Citation2017).6. For further information about t","PeriodicalId":47807,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heritage Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135829017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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