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Negotiating performance between policy and platform — heritage practice of a Chinese craftsperson on Douyin (TikTok) 政策与平台的谈判表现——抖音(TikTok)上一位中国工匠的传承实践
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2237495
Yinzi Yi
ABSTRACT The pervasiveness of digital media has profoundly transformed how we preserve and promote intangible cultural heritage (ICH). With the growing popularity of Douyin, a video-focused social networking platform, ICH inheritors in China have begun to post videos that showcase their artisanship. On the one hand, the affordances of Douyin encourage its users to keep up with the latest trend, subjugating them to mimetic participation; on the other hand, heritage policies in China foster the top-down formation of nationalist identity. Therefore, how heritage practitioners negotiate between the top-down authority of policies and the horizontal mimesis of the platform is a matter of concern. This paper applies performance analysis to explore the Douyin videos of a Chinese craftsperson, Li Niangen, a municipal ICH inheritor whose Douyin videos are highly popular. ICH policies in China and the affordances of the platform may support the formation of distinct identities. However, by assuming multiple and even contrasting roles in his videos, Li is fully engaged in none of them. This paper proposes that the presentation of multiple roles copes with the conflicting logic in Chinese society. In addition, the misalignment of these roles may simultaneously utilise and unsettle the administrative and digital authorities.
数字媒体的普及深刻地改变了我们保护和促进非物质文化遗产(ICH)的方式。随着抖音(一个专注于视频的社交网络平台)的日益普及,中国的非物质遗产继承人开始发布视频,展示他们的技艺。一方面,抖音的功能鼓励其用户紧跟最新趋势,使他们屈服于模仿性参与;另一方面,中国的遗产政策促进了自上而下的民族主义认同的形成。因此,遗产从业者如何在自上而下的政策权威和水平的平台模仿之间进行协商是一个值得关注的问题。本文运用绩效分析的方法,对中国手工艺人、市级非物质文化遗产传承人李娘根的抖音视频进行了研究,她的抖音视频非常受欢迎。中国的非物质文化遗产政策和平台的支持可能会支持独特身份的形成。然而,通过在他的视频中扮演多个甚至是截然不同的角色,李并没有完全投入其中。本文提出多元角色的呈现是为了应对中国社会的矛盾逻辑。此外,这些角色的错位可能会同时利用和扰乱管理和数字权威。
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引用次数: 0
Intellectual property as a blind spot in the UNESCO Convention for the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage 知识产权作为联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产保护公约的盲点
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2236590
Chiara Bortolotto, B. Ubertazzi
ABSTRACT In this article we explore the use of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in the implementation of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. In retracing the ambiguous role accorded to IPRs since the drafting of the Convention and considering the practice of the Organs of the Convention, we highlight discrepancies in the decisions and debates of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage vis-à-vis IPRs. Drawing on our own anthropological and legal perspectives, we shed light on the fragmentation of different disciplinary standpoints and specialist knowledge in the practice of the Organs of the Convention, revealing how observed inconsistencies in the role of IPRs are neither acknowledged nor addressed. This makes the issue of IPRs a blind spot. Yet, ‘working misunderstandings’ facilitate rather than hinder successful interaction among the many players within the Convention, allowing different, and sometimes contradictory, stances to imperfectly coexist.
本文探讨了知识产权在《保护非物质文化遗产公约》实施中的运用。回顾自《公约》起草以来赋予知识产权的模糊作用,并考虑到《公约》各机构的实践,我们强调了保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会关于-à-vis知识产权的决定和辩论中的差异。根据我们自己的人类学和法学观点,我们揭示了公约机构实践中不同学科立场和专业知识的碎片化,揭示了知识产权作用中观察到的不一致是如何既没有得到承认也没有得到解决的。这使得知识产权问题成为一个盲点。然而,“工作上的误解”促进了而不是阻碍了公约中许多参与者之间的成功互动,允许不同的,有时是矛盾的立场不完美地共存。
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引用次数: 1
Digital media revitalising colonial heritage: the George Floyd video translocalized in Denmark 数字媒体复兴殖民遗产:乔治·弗洛伊德视频在丹麦的翻译
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2231917
B. T. Knudsen, Shama Patel
ABSTRACT In this paper, we analyse how the colonial spectrality of the George Floyd video translocalises from the United States to Denmark to form heritage assemblages of solidarity, removal and repression that re-vitalize the colonial past and anti-racist protests in contemporary contexts. Through our analysis, we unfold the affective capacities of the Floyd video and its memetic mutations that mobilize publics against asymmetries inherited from colonialism and invent new forms of activism. We show that while protester tactics following Floyd demonstrate a reflexive distribution of subjectivities and positionalities, minority voices and efforts to remove symbols of colonialism are condemned and suppressed in Denmark. Our main contribution is to include digital media into heritage assemblages as an affective device. A second contribution is presenting digital epidemiography as an affective methodology to remotely study transient and unpredictable global events, through an analysis of digital traces found on the internet. A third contribution is the knowledge of how post-Floyd heritage assemblages in Denmark position this Scandinavian country as a former colonizer in the decolonial turn.
在本文中,我们分析了乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)视频的殖民幽灵如何从美国转移到丹麦,形成团结、搬迁和镇压的遗产组合,在当代背景下重新激活殖民历史和反种族主义抗议。通过我们的分析,我们揭示了弗洛伊德视频的情感能力及其模因突变,这些突变动员公众反对殖民主义遗留下来的不对称,并发明了新的行动主义形式。我们表明,虽然追随弗洛伊德的抗议者策略显示了主体性和立场的反射性分布,但在丹麦,少数人的声音和消除殖民主义符号的努力受到谴责和压制。我们的主要贡献是将数字媒体作为一种情感设备纳入遗产组合。第二个贡献是将数字流行病学作为一种有效的方法,通过分析在互联网上发现的数字痕迹,远程研究短暂和不可预测的全球事件。第三个贡献是了解丹麦的后弗洛伊德遗产组合如何将这个斯堪的纳维亚国家定位为非殖民化转变中的前殖民者。
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引用次数: 0
(Re-)valuing and co-creating cultures of water: a transdisciplinary methodology for weaving a live tapestry of Blue Heritage (重新)重视和共同创造水文化:一种跨学科的方法,编织蓝色遗产的活挂毯
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2234349
Kim Carlotta von Schönfeld, Ana Clara Nunes Roberti, Bruno Lopes, Gisele Cristina da Conceição
ABSTRACT This article develops a transdisciplinary methodology for valuing and co-creating ‘tapestries’ of Blue Heritage. Given impending threats to the environmental sustainability and maintenance of Cultural Heritage surrounding oceans and freshwaters, it is increasingly urgent to develop a methodology that addresses the significance of the past and its rapport with the continuous future creation and valuing of what we here develop as ‘Cultures of Water’. This idea encompasses water-related practices that occur in various ways across diverse groups and arenas. Therefore, the proposed methodology is informed by several disciplines, notably History, Ethnography, Cultural Heritage, Arts, Design, Planning, and Geography. It emphasises the creation of a continuously evolving and changing tapestry of knowledge, jointly threaded by local populations, governmental and non-governmental institutions at various levels, industries, businesses, and academia. The tapestry is woven by connecting diverse disciplinary methodologies along specific threads, three on content and six on methods and related key questions. This article presents the methodology and reflects on its practicability and potential based on autoethnographic reflections, literature reviews, and first findings from implementing parts of the methodology in northern Portugal.
本文开发了一种跨学科的方法来评估和共同创造蓝色遗产的“挂毯”。考虑到环境可持续性以及海洋和淡水周围文化遗产的维护面临的迫在眉睫的威胁,开发一种方法来解决过去的重要性及其与未来持续创造的关系,并重视我们在这里发展的“水文化”,这变得越来越紧迫。这一理念涵盖了在不同群体和领域以各种方式发生的与水有关的实践。因此,提出的方法是由几个学科,特别是历史,民族志,文化遗产,艺术,设计,规划和地理通知。它强调创造一个不断发展和变化的知识织锦,由当地居民、各级政府和非政府机构、工业、企业和学术界共同编织。这幅挂毯是由不同的学科方法沿着特定的线索编织而成的,三个关于内容,六个关于方法和相关的关键问题。本文介绍了该方法,并基于自身民族志反思、文献综述和在葡萄牙北部实施部分方法的初步发现,反思了其实用性和潜力。
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引用次数: 0
The Aeschylus Museum as a collections-free institution of the Muses: community consultation and values assessment 埃斯库罗斯博物馆作为缪斯的无收藏机构:社区咨询和价值评估
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2234363
Madison Leeson
ABSTRACT Although it is recognised that the values of performative heritage are intangible, this has not, unfortunately, affected the ways in which theatre heritage is appreciated in museums. The Aeschylus Museum, proposed for the site of the Palaio Elaiourgeiou in Elefsina, Greece, suggests collections-free programming to promote the plays of the ancient tragedian Aeschylus (525–456 BCE), born in the town. A combination of performances, digital programming, and hands-on workshops seek to engage more deeply with visitors’ lives, relating material in a way that does not simply valorise quarantined material remains. Complementing earlier research on the museum’s programming methodology , this article addresses the more specific concerns of establishing a museum with the proposed pedagogical approach. Through semi-structured interviews with the local community, benchmark analyses of similar institutions, and values assessments of the community and plays, we consider how the museum could meet local expectations and promote meaningful experiences. Provided that programming appeals to these values and engages critically with visitors, the museum’s collections-free approach presents a significant opportunity for museum studies. On indefinite hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Aeschylus Museum offers a novel approach for achieving museums’ institutional ideals through collections-free programming.
虽然人们认识到表演遗产的价值是无形的,但不幸的是,这并没有影响博物馆欣赏戏剧遗产的方式。埃斯库罗斯博物馆被提议建在希腊埃莱夫西纳的埃斯库罗斯宫(Palaio Elaiourgeiou)的旧址上,该博物馆建议通过无收藏的节目来推广出生在埃斯库罗斯镇的古代悲剧家埃斯库罗斯(公元前525-456年)的戏剧。表演、数字节目和实践工作坊的结合,寻求更深入地参与到游客的生活中,以一种不仅仅是对被隔离的材料进行价值评估的方式将材料联系起来。作为对博物馆规划方法早期研究的补充,本文讨论了用拟议的教学方法建立博物馆的更具体问题。通过对当地社区的半结构化访谈,对类似机构的基准分析,以及对社区和戏剧的价值评估,我们考虑了博物馆如何满足当地的期望,并促进有意义的体验。如果设计符合这些价值观,并与游客进行批判性接触,博物馆的无收藏方法为博物馆研究提供了一个重要的机会。由于COVID-19大流行而无限期搁置,埃斯库罗斯博物馆提供了一种新颖的方法,通过无藏品的规划来实现博物馆的机构理想。
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引用次数: 0
Naming streets – constructing heritage in four Swedish post-asylum landscapes 命名街道——在四个瑞典后庇护景观中建造遗产
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2225054
Cecilia Rodéhn
ABSTRACT This paper explores the processes of naming streets in four Swedish post-asylum landscapes and, consequently, the processes of constructing heritage. The paper shows that the memorialisation of (1) hospital buildings, staff members and architects; (2) the hospitals surrounding nature and park landscape; and (3) historical periods predating the hospital and the time of deinstitutionalisation are central ways in which heritage is constructed. The paper further explores how different discourses materialise in the name-giving processes. The examples are further discussed in relation to arguments made by scholars about how the past of the post-asylum landscape is remembered. In doing so, assumptions about what the heritage of post-asylum landscapes consists of are critically discussed.
本文探讨了四个瑞典后庇护景观的街道命名过程,从而探讨了建筑遗产的过程。本文表明,纪念(1)医院建筑,工作人员和建筑师;(2)医院周边的自然景观和公园景观;(3)先于医院的历史时期和去机构化时期是构建遗产的主要方式。本文进一步探讨了不同话语在命名过程中的物化过程。这些例子进一步讨论了学者们关于如何记住后庇护景观的过去的论点。在此过程中,对庇护后景观遗产的假设进行了批判性讨论。
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引用次数: 0
50 years World Heritage Convention: shared responsibility – conflict & reconciliation 《世界遗产公约》50周年:共同责任——冲突与和解
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2234354
K. Hüfner
project management because most government-led projects in China currently do not take into account the advice of professionals. However, the privileged status of the professional, as Yan (2015, 65) argues in his study of Chinese heritage discourse, ‘empowers government by ignoring local residents’ capability’ within project management, which, in the long run, helps to obscure local interpretations of vernacular culture and traditional customs. This outcome is, unfortunately, the opposite of the author’s original intention of laying out these guidelines – giving a voice to local people. All in all, this book will be helpful for students and researchers working in many fields, including critical heritage studies, cultural landscape and residential environment studies, rural sociology, architecture and spatial planning, and local history. It is a clear and comprehensive book that merits careful reading. Compared with other books on the transformation of Chinese villages in the English-speaking world, such as the influential Chen Village: Revolution to Globalization (Chan, Madsen, and Unger 2009), this book has its own important features focusing on the changing meaning of home and the local resistance to top-down heritagisation.
因为目前中国大多数政府主导的项目都没有考虑到专业人士的建议。然而,正如Yan(2015,65)在他对中国遗产话语的研究中所指出的那样,专业人员的特权地位在项目管理中“通过忽视当地居民的能力来授权政府”,从长远来看,这有助于模糊当地对本土文化和传统习俗的解释。不幸的是,这一结果与作者制定这些指导方针的初衷背道而驰——让当地人民有发言权。总而言之,这本书将有助于在许多领域工作的学生和研究人员,包括批判性遗产研究,文化景观和居住环境研究,农村社会学,建筑和空间规划,以及地方历史。这是一本清晰而全面的书,值得仔细阅读。与其他关于英语世界中国村庄转型的书籍相比,如有影响力的《陈村:向全球化的革命》(Chan, Madsen, and Unger, 2009),这本书有自己的重要特点,关注家的意义变化和当地对自上而下的遗产化的抵制。
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引用次数: 2
Urbino belonging: Exploring place-based community heritage with digital & participatory methods 乌尔比诺归属:用数字和参与式方法探索基于地点的社区遗产
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2231909
Marco Pernarella, Anders Koed Madsen
ABSTRACT What we understand and choose as heritage is a question rooted in our individual and collective notions of identity and feelings of community. Critical heritage studies highlight the links between heritage and recognition, emotions, and the everyday lives of people and communities. We introduce a methodology for a digitally facilitated and participatory study of place-based community heritage. Inspired by Participatory Data Design and Photovoice methodologies, the Urban Belonging App enables participants to communicate phenomenological aspects of urban spaces by sharing, signifying, and evaluating pictures of familiar places in the city. A quali-quantitative analysis of the app’s data best exploits its multi-dimensionality: the characteristic of being both countable and measurable and semantically rich and relational. The case study illustrates how the methodology is used to study community heritage in an exploratory and descriptive way. Most valued and recognised heritage places, as well as less conventional understandings of heritage in Urbino, Italy, are identified. Two participants show how heritage differently embeds with everyday experiences, memories, and feelings of community. Its adaptability and ability to capture the contested and phenomenological nature of heritage and to operationalise complex definitions of community qualify the methodology to enable systematic research on bottom-up, situated heritage values.
我们对遗产的理解和选择是一个植根于我们个人和集体对身份和社区感受的概念的问题。批判性遗产研究强调遗产与认知、情感以及人们和社区的日常生活之间的联系。我们介绍了一种方法,用于基于地点的社区遗产的数字化促进和参与性研究。受参与式数据设计和Photovoice方法的启发,城市归属应用程序使参与者能够通过分享、标记和评估城市中熟悉地方的照片来交流城市空间的现象学方面。对应用程序数据的定性定量分析最好地利用了它的多维性:即可计数和可测量、语义丰富和相关的特征。案例研究说明了如何使用该方法以探索性和描述性的方式研究社区遗产。意大利乌尔比诺最具价值和公认的遗产,以及对遗产不那么传统的理解被确定。两位参与者展示了遗产如何以不同的方式嵌入日常经历、记忆和社区感受。它的适应性和捕捉遗产的争议性和现象学性质的能力,以及对社区的复杂定义进行操作的能力,使该方法能够对自下而上的、位于遗产价值的系统研究成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Researching heritage values in social media environments: understanding variabilities and (in)visibilities 研究社会媒体环境中的遗产价值:理解可变性和可见性
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2231919
C. Bonacchi, Siân Jones, Elisa Broccoli, Alex Hiscock, Elizabeth Robson
ABSTRACT This article adopts a reflexive methodology, called rapid logging, to examine how heritage values relating to the same heritage ‘thing’ are variously crafted by the mutual agencies of human and non-human actors on and with social media. In the process, it also explores the (in)visibilities produced through the heritage value assemblages co-curated by researchers with other actors including social media platforms and data, past objects, places and practices. The analysis focuses on the values associated with a specific case study, the area once occupied by the Old Gas Works, in North Canongate, Edinburgh, UK. Our conclusions demonstrate the importance of multi-platform and reflexive research to develop contextual and critical understandings of heritage value assemblages that can lead to fairer decision-making in heritage and more just societies.
本文采用了一种被称为快速记录的自反性方法,来研究与同一遗产“事物”相关的遗产价值是如何通过社交媒体上的人类和非人类行动者的相互作用而不同地形成的。在此过程中,它还探索了由研究人员与其他参与者(包括社交媒体平台和数据、过去的物体、地点和实践)共同策划的遗产价值组合所产生的(In)可见性。分析的重点是与一个特定案例研究相关的价值,该案例研究的区域曾经是位于英国爱丁堡北部Canongate的Old Gas Works。我们的结论证明了多平台和反思性研究对于发展对遗产价值组合的语境和批判性理解的重要性,这可以在遗产和更公正的社会中导致更公平的决策。
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引用次数: 0
Low-cost digital tools to preserve cultural heritage ‘blind spots’: the case of Kubor Kassim in Singapore 保护文化遗产“盲点”的低成本数字工具:新加坡Kubor Kassim的案例
IF 1.8 1区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1080/13527258.2023.2231903
D. Ocón
ABSTRACT Kubor Kassim is a century-old, serene Muslim cemetery in Singapore. Although many of its surviving 3,000 graves are unidentified, the graveyard contains elaborate tombs from internees of notable background, including community leaders and respected Muslim sheikhs ;(religious leaders and scholars). Kubor Kassim also houses a surau ;(prayer house) where religious classes are conducted, and offers its own miniature ecosystem of flora and fauna, including banyan trees and hornbills. Asia’s rapid urbanisation subjects cultural heritage to tensions that threaten its preservation and poses dilemmas for decision-makers. The choice between expansion and protection is rarely straightforward, and controversies intertwine development, urban planning, sustainability, memory-shaping, and identity-building. For most of its short history as a nation, Singapore has had to make challenging decisions regarding the use of its territory. Space is a highly sought and tightly controlled commodity in such a land-scarce, fully urbanised and densely-populated country. Kubor Kassim is one of the latest examples of these tensions. Surrounded by private residential properties, in an area affected by population pressures and earmarked for future residential development, the cemetery is at risk of disappearance. Given Kubor Kassim’s uncertain future and being mindful that a heritage site’s tangibility cannot be replaced, this paper posits digitalisation as a preservation alternative. Using tools such as digital documentation and archiving, virtual mapping capturing with 360-degree technology, interactive maps, podcasts, and UAV (drone) photography and filming, this investigation explores encounters with the cemetery that can also act as its’ memory insurance policy’ in case of destruction or disappearance. The research includes comprehensive documentation, field works to record the site, interviews, and surveys. The paper urges reflection on the importance of cultural heritage in Asian cities, often threatened by the very process of urban growth and development. It also demonstrates that the design of parallel digital worlds can provide respectful and sustainable ways of preserving the priceless memories associated with cultural heritage.
Kubor Kassim是新加坡一个有着百年历史、宁静的穆斯林墓地。虽然幸存的3000个坟墓中有许多是身份不明的,但这个墓地里有许多精心设计的坟墓,这些坟墓来自有显赫背景的被拘留者,包括社区领袖和受人尊敬的穆斯林酋长(宗教领袖和学者)。Kubor Kassim也有一个surau(祈祷室),在那里进行宗教课程,并提供自己的微型动植物生态系统,包括榕树和犀鸟。亚洲的快速城市化使文化遗产面临着威胁其保存的紧张局势,并给决策者带来了困境。在扩张和保护之间的选择很少是直截了当的,争论交织在发展、城市规划、可持续性、记忆塑造和身份建设之间。作为一个国家,在其短暂历史的大部分时间里,新加坡不得不就其领土的使用做出具有挑战性的决定。在这样一个土地稀缺、完全城市化和人口稠密的国家,空间是一种受到高度追求和严格控制的商品。Kubor Kassim是这种紧张关系的最新例子之一。墓地周围是私人住宅,受到人口压力的影响,并被指定为未来的住宅开发,有消失的危险。鉴于Kubor Kassim不确定的未来,并注意到遗产遗址的有形性无法被取代,本文将数字化作为保护的替代方案。利用数字文档和存档、360度技术的虚拟地图捕捉、交互式地图、播客和无人机(UAV)摄影和拍摄等工具,本次调查探索了与墓地的遭遇,这些遭遇也可以作为它在破坏或消失的情况下的“记忆保险”。研究包括全面的文献记录、实地工作记录、访谈和调查。文章敦促人们反思文化遗产在亚洲城市中的重要性,这些文化遗产往往受到城市增长和发展过程的威胁。它还表明,平行数字世界的设计可以提供尊重和可持续的方式来保护与文化遗产有关的无价记忆。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Heritage Studies
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