首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology最新文献

英文 中文
When perfectionists adopt health behaviors: perfectionism and self-efficacy as determinants of health behavior, anxiety and depression. 当完美主义者采取健康行为时:完美主义和自我效能是健康行为、焦虑和抑郁的决定因素。
IF 1 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-25 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/cipp/156145
Monika A Kozłowska, Marta Kuty-Pachecka

Background: The study aims to show interrelations between self-efficacy, perfectionism (adaptive and maladaptive), health behavior, and mental health outcomes such as anxiety and depression as an exponent in maintaining optimal health. In the analyses, we focused on one category of health behaviors - preventive practices.: participants and procedure: Of the gathered data, 295 complete datasets were analyzed (age: M = 28.16, SD = 9.41; 72.8% participants female). We proposed two path models with personality traits (as exogenous variables) and health behaviors (as endogenous variables) in predicting depression and anxiety.

Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that maladaptive perfectionism and generalized self-efficacy significantly predicted health behaviors in general and mental health outcomes whereas adaptive perfectionism and generalized self-efficacy were significant predictors of preventive practices. The path analyses showed that generalized self-efficacy and perfectionism are related directly to mental health outcomes as well as indirectly, through health behaviors. Interestingly, we found a negative indirect effect of an interaction between generalized self-efficacy and preventive practices as well as of an interaction between adaptive perfectionism and preventive practices on mental health outcomes. The model fitted well with the data.

Conclusions: The findings show that a balanced and more holistic approach to maintaining health is beneficial for people high in self-efficacy in comparison with high focus on disease prevention. Additionally, the results demonstrate that adaptive perfectionists and people high in self-efficacy may also be prone to anxiety and depression (not just maladaptive perfectionists) when their health focus is too narrow.

研究背景本研究旨在说明自我效能感、完美主义(适应性和适应性不良)、健康行为以及焦虑和抑郁等心理健康结果之间的相互关系,以此作为保持最佳健康状态的指数。在分析中,我们重点关注一类健康行为--预防措施:在收集的数据中,我们分析了 295 个完整的数据集(年龄:M = 28.16,SD = 9.41;72.8% 的参与者为女性)。我们提出了人格特质(作为外生变量)和健康行为(作为内生变量)预测抑郁和焦虑的两个路径模型:多元回归分析表明,适应性完美主义和广义自我效能感对一般健康行为和心理健康结果有显著的预测作用,而适应性完美主义和广义自我效能感对预防行为有显著的预测作用。路径分析显示,广义自我效能感和完美主义与心理健康结果直接相关,也通过健康行为间接相关。有趣的是,我们发现广义自我效能感和预防行为之间的交互作用以及适应性完美主义和预防行为之间的交互作用对心理健康结果产生了负的间接影响。该模型与数据非常吻合:研究结果表明,与高度关注疾病预防的人相比,自我效能感高的人在保持健康方面更均衡、更全面。此外,研究结果表明,如果对健康的关注过于狭隘,适应性完美主义者和自我效能感高的人也可能容易焦虑和抑郁(不仅仅是适应性完美主义者)。
{"title":"When perfectionists adopt health behaviors: perfectionism and self-efficacy as determinants of health behavior, anxiety and depression.","authors":"Monika A Kozłowska, Marta Kuty-Pachecka","doi":"10.5114/cipp/156145","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/156145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aims to show interrelations between self-efficacy, perfectionism (adaptive and maladaptive), health behavior, and mental health outcomes such as anxiety and depression as an exponent in maintaining optimal health. In the analyses, we focused on one category of health behaviors - preventive practices.: participants and procedure: Of the gathered data, 295 complete datasets were analyzed (age: <i>M</i> = 28.16, <i>SD</i> = 9.41; 72.8% participants female). We proposed two path models with personality traits (as exogenous variables) and health behaviors (as endogenous variables) in predicting depression and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analysis revealed that maladaptive perfectionism and generalized self-efficacy significantly predicted health behaviors in general and mental health outcomes whereas adaptive perfectionism and generalized self-efficacy were significant predictors of preventive practices. The path analyses showed that generalized self-efficacy and perfectionism are related directly to mental health outcomes as well as indirectly, through health behaviors. Interestingly, we found a negative indirect effect of an interaction between generalized self-efficacy and preventive practices as well as of an interaction between adaptive perfectionism and preventive practices on mental health outcomes. The model fitted well with the data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings show that a balanced and more holistic approach to maintaining health is beneficial for people high in self-efficacy in comparison with high focus on disease prevention. Additionally, the results demonstrate that adaptive perfectionists and people high in self-efficacy may also be prone to anxiety and depression (not just maladaptive perfectionists) when their health focus is too narrow.</p>","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"5 1","pages":"326-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10699297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90302672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Homicide and the Death Penalty 杀人罪与死刑
IF 1.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.4324/9781003060581-37
D. Archer, R. Gartner, Marc Beittel
bate is complex and confused, partly because support for the death penalty reflects no single theory but, instead, a conglomeration of several different theories. These include retribution, avoidance of economic costs associated with protracted imprisonment, a disbelief in rehabilitation, and, finally, a conception that has come to be called "deterrence theory." While each argument for the death penalty has its supporters, it is deterrence theory that has captured public imagination and scientific attention.
仇恨是复杂而混乱的,部分原因是对死刑的支持反映的不是单一的理论,而是几种不同理论的集合。其中包括报复、避免与长期监禁相关的经济成本、不相信康复,以及最后一个被称为“威慑理论”的概念。虽然支持死刑的每一种观点都有其支持者,但真正吸引公众想象力和科学关注的是威慑理论。
{"title":"Homicide and the Death Penalty","authors":"D. Archer, R. Gartner, Marc Beittel","doi":"10.4324/9781003060581-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003060581-37","url":null,"abstract":"bate is complex and confused, partly because support for the death penalty reflects no single theory but, instead, a conglomeration of several different theories. These include retribution, avoidance of economic costs associated with protracted imprisonment, a disbelief in rehabilitation, and, finally, a conception that has come to be called \"deterrence theory.\" While each argument for the death penalty has its supporters, it is deterrence theory that has captured public imagination and scientific attention.","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"74 1","pages":"991-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42204016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The production of on-line dialysis water for extracorporeal dialysis: proposals for an increased safety upgrade: a viewpoint. 用于体外透析的在线透析用水的生产:提高安全性的建议:观点。
IF 3.4 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-019-00667-2
Piergiorgio Bolasco

Introduction: At the start of the 2000s, the progressive diffusion of high-flux extracorporeal dialysis and membranes saw an increased use of high infusion volumes injected into the patient's blood circuit following the advent of on-line water production plants.

Methodology: Our 15-year experience with on-line extracorporeal methodologies using very high infusion volumes has led to the detection of errors and weaknesses, thus allowing us to correct and provide for the implementation of appropriate technology in dialysis water production plants with the aim of ensuring a higher chemical-physical, bacteriological and endotoxin quality. The initial procedures had already been outlined in the 2005 Italian Guidelines, although still today Health Technicians and Nephrologists operating in the field are unable to take on board specific integrations for on-line methods due to a lack of upgrading of documentation in both European and non-European Guidelines.

Results: After more than 17 years' experience, and in view of the technological implementations developed since 2005, we wish to put forward a series of suggestions in an attempt to improve the safety of on-line water, with uses ranging from drinking water, pre-treatment, osmosis, distribution circuit, hemodialysis monitors up to the most recent update of microbiological cultures.

Discussion: Additional, more stringent measures are required to prevent the occurrence of acute accidents during dialysis sessions and to reduce chronic inflammation-oxidation deriving from the use of not totally ultra-pure/sterile dialysis fluids.

Conclusion: Our point of view based on our long-standing experience, the proposals made relate to procedures to be applied in technological maintenance, which the consultant nephrologist and other relevant personnel such as microbiologists, biologists, and technical operators should adhere to rigorously to ensure that the production of dialysis water on-line is viewed on a par with a pharmacological administration.

导言:本世纪初,随着高通量体外透析和膜法透析的逐步推广,在线制水设备的出现使得向患者血路中注入高输液量的情况越来越多:我们在使用超大输液量的在线体外透析方法方面已有 15 年的经验,因此能够发现错误和不足,从而纠正并在透析用水生产设备中采用适当的技术,以确保更高的化学物理、细菌和内毒素质量。2005 年的意大利指南中已经概述了最初的程序,但由于欧洲和非欧洲指南中的文件缺乏更新,在该领域工作的卫生技术人员和肾脏病学家至今仍无法接受在线方法的具体整合:经过 17 年的经验积累,并考虑到 2005 年以来的技术发展,我们希望提出一系列建议,试图提高在线水的安全性,其用途包括饮用水、预处理、渗透、配水回路、血液透析监控器以及微生物培养的最新更新:讨论:需要采取更多更严格的措施,以防止透析过程中发生急性事故,并减少因使用非完全超纯/无菌透析液而引起的慢性炎症-氧化:根据我们的长期经验,我们提出的建议与技术维护程序有关,肾科顾问和其他相关人员(如微生物学家、生物学家和技术操作人员)应严格遵守,以确保在线透析水的生产与药物治疗同等重要。
{"title":"The production of on-line dialysis water for extracorporeal dialysis: proposals for an increased safety upgrade: a viewpoint.","authors":"Piergiorgio Bolasco","doi":"10.1007/s40620-019-00667-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40620-019-00667-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>At the start of the 2000s, the progressive diffusion of high-flux extracorporeal dialysis and membranes saw an increased use of high infusion volumes injected into the patient's blood circuit following the advent of on-line water production plants.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Our 15-year experience with on-line extracorporeal methodologies using very high infusion volumes has led to the detection of errors and weaknesses, thus allowing us to correct and provide for the implementation of appropriate technology in dialysis water production plants with the aim of ensuring a higher chemical-physical, bacteriological and endotoxin quality. The initial procedures had already been outlined in the 2005 Italian Guidelines, although still today Health Technicians and Nephrologists operating in the field are unable to take on board specific integrations for on-line methods due to a lack of upgrading of documentation in both European and non-European Guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After more than 17 years' experience, and in view of the technological implementations developed since 2005, we wish to put forward a series of suggestions in an attempt to improve the safety of on-line water, with uses ranging from drinking water, pre-treatment, osmosis, distribution circuit, hemodialysis monitors up to the most recent update of microbiological cultures.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Additional, more stringent measures are required to prevent the occurrence of acute accidents during dialysis sessions and to reduce chronic inflammation-oxidation deriving from the use of not totally ultra-pure/sterile dialysis fluids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our point of view based on our long-standing experience, the proposals made relate to procedures to be applied in technological maintenance, which the consultant nephrologist and other relevant personnel such as microbiologists, biologists, and technical operators should adhere to rigorously to ensure that the production of dialysis water on-line is viewed on a par with a pharmacological administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"52 1","pages":"405-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7220975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90363853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Progressive Prosecution in a Pandemic 流行病中的渐进检控
IF 1.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3605593
Chad W. Flanders, Stephen R. Galoob
Flanders and Galoob explore the issue on progressive prosecution in the US in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic The pandemic alters the attitudes of state officials to incarceration in a very short time Since the beginning of the pandemic, many more people have been released, rather than detained, before trial Low-level offenders are being sentenced to home confinement More police are giving warnings for low-level offenses rather than making arrests, and prosecutors have established policies against prosecuting those arrested for low-level offenses As a result, prison and jail populations are declining, although it is too soon to tell how dramatic or permanent that decline will be These moves are driven by the fear and, in many cases, the reality of COVID-19 outbreaks in jails and prisons Correctional institutions are now virus hot spots, and states and localities do not want to be responsible for the human suffering or for the costs of caring for a rash of new patients At the same time, these reforms are in line with what so-called progressive prosecutors have proposed and fought to implement during the past several years
Flanders和Galoob探讨了美国在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的渐进起诉问题。大流行在很短的时间内改变了州政府官员对监禁的态度。自疫情开始以来,更多的人在审判前被释放,而不是被拘留。因此,监狱和拘留所的人口正在下降,尽管现在判断这种下降的幅度有多大或有多持久还为时过早。这些举措是由恐惧驱动的,在许多情况下,监狱和拘留所爆发COVID-19的现实现在是病毒的热点。各州和地方政府不想为人类的痛苦或照顾大量新患者的费用负责。与此同时,这些改革与所谓的进步检察官在过去几年中提出并努力实施的改革是一致的
{"title":"Progressive Prosecution in a Pandemic","authors":"Chad W. Flanders, Stephen R. Galoob","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3605593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3605593","url":null,"abstract":"Flanders and Galoob explore the issue on progressive prosecution in the US in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic The pandemic alters the attitudes of state officials to incarceration in a very short time Since the beginning of the pandemic, many more people have been released, rather than detained, before trial Low-level offenders are being sentenced to home confinement More police are giving warnings for low-level offenses rather than making arrests, and prosecutors have established policies against prosecuting those arrested for low-level offenses As a result, prison and jail populations are declining, although it is too soon to tell how dramatic or permanent that decline will be These moves are driven by the fear and, in many cases, the reality of COVID-19 outbreaks in jails and prisons Correctional institutions are now virus hot spots, and states and localities do not want to be responsible for the human suffering or for the costs of caring for a rash of new patients At the same time, these reforms are in line with what so-called progressive prosecutors have proposed and fought to implement during the past several years","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"110 1","pages":"685-706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41821145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Do dietary intakes influence the rate of decline in anti-Mullerian hormone among eumenorrheic women? A population-based prospective investigation. 膳食摄入量会影响月经过多妇女抗穆勒氏管激素的下降速度吗?一项基于人群的前瞻性调查。
IF 4.4 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-12-02 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0508-5
Nazanin Moslehi, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi, Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani

Background: Dietary intakes are suggested to affect age at menopause but associations between dietary factors and ovarian reserve reduction have not yet been investigated. We aimed to examine dietary intakes in relation to the rate of decline in anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), an indicator of ovarian reserve, in a generally healthy cohort of women.

Methods: This prospective investigation was conducted among 227 eumenorrheic women, aged 20-50 years, from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose study, who were followed over a mean of 16 years. AMH was measured twice, at baseline and the 5th follow-up examination cycle, and yearly rate of decline in AMH was calculated. Rapid decline in AMH was defined as the annual percent change AMH > 5.9%/year based on tertile 3 of the variable. Average usual dietary intakes were estimated using the food frequency questionnaires administered at the second, third, and the fourth follow-up examinations. After adjusting for potential covariates, the association between dietary factors and both risk of rapid decline in AMH and also annual percent decline of AMH (as a continuous variable) were examined using logistic regression and the Spearman correlation, respectively.

Results: The baseline age of the participants and the median rate of decline in AMH were 37.2 years and was 5.7% yearly, respectively. The odds of rapid decline in AMH was reduced by 47% for dairy products (95% CIs = 0.36, 0.79; p = 0.002), 38% for milk (95% CIs = 0.41, 0.93; p = 0.020), and 36% for fermented dairy (95% CIs = 0.45, 0.93, p = 0.018) per one standard deviation (SD) increase in their dietary intakes. The odds of rapid decline in AMH was significantly reduced with higher intakes of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and calcium intakes from dairy sources, lactose and galactose. Annual rate of AMH decline was inversely correlated with dairy products, milk, fermented dairy, fruits, dairy carbohydrate, dairy fat, dairy protein, total calcium and dairy calcium, lactose and galactose, and positively correlated with organ meats.

Conclusion: Dairy foods consumption may reduce the rate of AMH decline in regularly menstruating women. Life style modification in terms of dietary advice may be considered as a preventive strategy for reduction in the rate of ovarian reserve loss.

背景:膳食摄入量被认为会影响绝经年龄,但膳食因素与卵巢储备功能下降之间的关系尚未得到研究。我们的目的是在一个普遍健康的妇女群体中,研究膳食摄入量与抗穆勒氏管激素(AMH)下降率的关系,AMH是卵巢储备的一个指标:这项前瞻性调查的对象是德黑兰血脂和血糖研究中的 227 名 20-50 岁闭经妇女,对她们进行了平均长达 16 年的跟踪调查。在基线和第 5 个随访检查周期对 AMH 进行了两次测量,并计算了 AMH 的年下降率。AMH快速下降的定义是,根据变量的第3分层,AMH的年变化百分比>5.9%/年。利用第二次、第三次和第四次随访检查时发放的食物频率问卷估算出平均日常饮食摄入量。在对潜在的协变量进行调整后,分别使用逻辑回归和斯皮尔曼相关性检验了饮食因素与AMH快速下降风险和AMH年下降百分比(作为连续变量)之间的关系:参与者的基线年龄和 AMH 下降率的中位数分别为 37.2 岁和每年 5.7%。膳食摄入量每增加一个标准差(SD),乳制品的AMH快速下降几率降低47%(95% CIs = 0.36, 0.79; p = 0.002),牛奶的AMH快速下降几率降低38%(95% CIs = 0.41, 0.93; p = 0.020),发酵乳制品的AMH快速下降几率降低36%(95% CIs = 0.45, 0.93, p = 0.018)。乳制品、乳糖和半乳糖中脂肪、碳水化合物、蛋白质和钙的摄入量越高,AMH 快速下降的几率就越小。AMH的年下降率与乳制品、牛奶、发酵乳制品、水果、乳制品碳水化合物、乳制品脂肪、乳制品蛋白质、总钙和乳制品钙、乳糖和半乳糖成反比,与内脏肉类成正比:结论:食用乳制品可降低月经规律妇女的 AMH 下降率。从饮食建议方面改变生活方式可被视为降低卵巢储备率的预防策略。
{"title":"Do dietary intakes influence the rate of decline in anti-Mullerian hormone among eumenorrheic women? A population-based prospective investigation.","authors":"Nazanin Moslehi, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi, Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani","doi":"10.1186/s12937-019-0508-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-019-0508-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary intakes are suggested to affect age at menopause but associations between dietary factors and ovarian reserve reduction have not yet been investigated. We aimed to examine dietary intakes in relation to the rate of decline in anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), an indicator of ovarian reserve, in a generally healthy cohort of women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective investigation was conducted among 227 eumenorrheic women, aged 20-50 years, from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose study, who were followed over a mean of 16 years. AMH was measured twice, at baseline and the 5th follow-up examination cycle, and yearly rate of decline in AMH was calculated. Rapid decline in AMH was defined as the annual percent change AMH > 5.9%/year based on tertile 3 of the variable. Average usual dietary intakes were estimated using the food frequency questionnaires administered at the second, third, and the fourth follow-up examinations. After adjusting for potential covariates, the association between dietary factors and both risk of rapid decline in AMH and also annual percent decline of AMH (as a continuous variable) were examined using logistic regression and the Spearman correlation, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline age of the participants and the median rate of decline in AMH were 37.2 years and was 5.7% yearly, respectively. The odds of rapid decline in AMH was reduced by 47% for dairy products (95% CIs = 0.36, 0.79; p = 0.002), 38% for milk (95% CIs = 0.41, 0.93; p = 0.020), and 36% for fermented dairy (95% CIs = 0.45, 0.93, p = 0.018) per one standard deviation (SD) increase in their dietary intakes. The odds of rapid decline in AMH was significantly reduced with higher intakes of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and calcium intakes from dairy sources, lactose and galactose. Annual rate of AMH decline was inversely correlated with dairy products, milk, fermented dairy, fruits, dairy carbohydrate, dairy fat, dairy protein, total calcium and dairy calcium, lactose and galactose, and positively correlated with organ meats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dairy foods consumption may reduce the rate of AMH decline in regularly menstruating women. Life style modification in terms of dietary advice may be considered as a preventive strategy for reduction in the rate of ovarian reserve loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"25 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6889581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90320689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peri-operative monocyte count is a marker of poor prognosis in gastric cancer: increased monocytes are a characteristic of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. 围手术期单核细胞计数是胃癌预后不良的标志:单核细胞增多是髓源性抑制细胞的特征。
IF 5.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Epub Date: 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02366-0
Shinya Urakawa, Makoto Yamasaki, Kumiko Goto, Miya Haruna, Michinari Hirata, Akiko Morimoto-Okazawa, Atsunari Kawashima, Kota Iwahori, Tomoki Makino, Yukinori Kurokawa, Tomomi Yamada, Masaki Mori, Yuichiro Doki, Hisashi Wada

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common malignant tumor in digestive organs, and the prognosis of GC patients who have undergone surgery remains poor because of frequent recurrence. Therefore, the identification of new markers to predict the outcome of these patients is needed. Monocyte count is a negative prognostic factor associated with inflammation. We investigated the relationship between peripheral monocytes in the peri-operative period and prognosis in GC patients. A high pre-operative monocyte count was identified as a prognostic factor in a retrospective analysis of 278 stage II and III GC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy. In contrast, an increased post-operative monocyte count compared to the pre-operative monocyte count was a marker of poor prognosis, particularly for early relapse. In a prospective analysis of 75 GC patients, a subset of the increased post-operative monocytes was similar to CD14+ HLA-DR- CD11b+ CD33+ cells by flow cytometry, and these monocytes produced IDO and arginase and suppressed T cell functions; therefore, we classified these cells as monocytic myeloid-derived suppressive cells (M-MDSCs). Peri-operative neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP), which are also related to inflammation, did not affect the prognosis of GC patients, and a neutrophil immunosuppressive function was not observed. These results suggest that peripheral monocytes in the peri-operative period in GC patients are a useful marker for the prognosis of GC patients, and a subset of increased post-operative monocytes may be characterized as M-MDSCs.

胃癌(GC)是消化器官中最常见的恶性肿瘤,由于经常复发,接受手术治疗的胃癌患者预后仍然不佳。因此,需要确定新的标志物来预测这些患者的预后。单核细胞计数是一个与炎症相关的负面预后因素。我们研究了 GC 患者围手术期外周单核细胞与预后之间的关系。在对 278 名接受根治性胃切除术的 II 期和 III 期 GC 患者进行的回顾性分析中发现,术前单核细胞计数高是一个预后因素。相比之下,术后单核细胞计数高于术前单核细胞计数是预后不良的标志,尤其是早期复发。在对 75 例 GC 患者进行的前瞻性分析中,通过流式细胞术,术后增加的单核细胞中有一个亚群与 CD14+ HLA-DR- CD11b+ CD33+ 细胞相似,这些单核细胞产生 IDO 和精氨酸酶,抑制 T 细胞功能;因此,我们将这些细胞归类为单核细胞髓源性抑制细胞(M-MDSCs)。围手术期的中性粒细胞和C反应蛋白(CRP)也与炎症有关,但它们并不影响GC患者的预后,也未观察到中性粒细胞的免疫抑制功能。这些结果表明,GC 患者围手术期的外周单核细胞是预测 GC 患者预后的有用指标,术后单核细胞增加的一个亚群可能被定性为 M-MDSC。
{"title":"Peri-operative monocyte count is a marker of poor prognosis in gastric cancer: increased monocytes are a characteristic of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.","authors":"Shinya Urakawa, Makoto Yamasaki, Kumiko Goto, Miya Haruna, Michinari Hirata, Akiko Morimoto-Okazawa, Atsunari Kawashima, Kota Iwahori, Tomoki Makino, Yukinori Kurokawa, Tomomi Yamada, Masaki Mori, Yuichiro Doki, Hisashi Wada","doi":"10.1007/s00262-019-02366-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00262-019-02366-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common malignant tumor in digestive organs, and the prognosis of GC patients who have undergone surgery remains poor because of frequent recurrence. Therefore, the identification of new markers to predict the outcome of these patients is needed. Monocyte count is a negative prognostic factor associated with inflammation. We investigated the relationship between peripheral monocytes in the peri-operative period and prognosis in GC patients. A high pre-operative monocyte count was identified as a prognostic factor in a retrospective analysis of 278 stage II and III GC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy. In contrast, an increased post-operative monocyte count compared to the pre-operative monocyte count was a marker of poor prognosis, particularly for early relapse. In a prospective analysis of 75 GC patients, a subset of the increased post-operative monocytes was similar to CD14<sup>+</sup> HLA-DR<sup>-</sup> CD11b<sup>+</sup> CD33<sup>+</sup> cells by flow cytometry, and these monocytes produced IDO and arginase and suppressed T cell functions; therefore, we classified these cells as monocytic myeloid-derived suppressive cells (M-MDSCs). Peri-operative neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP), which are also related to inflammation, did not affect the prognosis of GC patients, and a neutrophil immunosuppressive function was not observed. These results suggest that peripheral monocytes in the peri-operative period in GC patients are a useful marker for the prognosis of GC patients, and a subset of increased post-operative monocytes may be characterized as M-MDSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"43 1","pages":"1341-1350"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11028272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90351957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“I heard it through the grapevine”: a randomized controlled trial on the direct and vicarious effects of preventative specific deterrence initiatives in criminal networks “我是通过小道消息听说的”:一项随机对照试验,研究犯罪网络中预防性具体威慑措施的直接和间接影响
IF 1.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-07-09 DOI: 10.17863/CAM.41581
B. Ariel, A. Englefield, J. Denley
A rich body of literature exists on deterrence, yet little is known about how deterrence messages are communicated through social networks. This is an important gap in our understanding, because such communication gives rise to the possibility that social institutions can utilize the vicarious effect of the threat of punishment against one individual to reduce the rate of reoffending amongst their criminal associates. To test this, we identified criminals with an extensive offending history (prolific offenders) and their co-offenders using social network analysis and then conducted a randomized controlled trial to measure the effect on both prolific offenders and their cooffenders of delivering a “specific deterrence” message. The treatment— preemptive engagements with prolific offenders by a police officer offering both ‘carrots’ (desistance pathways) and ‘sticks’ (increased sanction threat)—was applied to the prolific offenders, but not to their co-offenders. The outcomes suggest that a single officer–offender engagement leads to a crime suppression effect in all comparisons, with 21.3%, 11.0%, and 15.0% reductions for specific, vicarious, and total network deterrence effects, respectively. The findings suggest that (a) social network analysis based on in-house police records can be used to cartographically understand social networks of offenders, with an aim of preventing crime; (b) deterrence messages promulgated by the police have the capacity to reduce crime beyond what was previously assumed, as the cascading of threats in cooffending relationships carries a vicarious crime reduction impact; (c) unlike “reactive specific deterrence” (i.e., a threat of punishment following a specific and detected crime) which can have perverse effects on certain offenders, preventative specific deterrence is a promising crime policy.
关于威慑的文献很多,但对威慑信息如何通过社交网络传播知之甚少。这是我们理解中的一个重要差距,因为这种沟通产生了一种可能性,即社会机构可以利用对一个人的惩罚威胁的替代效应来降低其犯罪同伙的再犯率。为了验证这一点,我们使用社交网络分析确定了有广泛犯罪史的罪犯(多产罪犯)及其同犯,然后进行了一项随机对照试验,以衡量传递“特定威慑”信息对多产罪犯及其同犯的影响。这种待遇——由一名警察提供“胡萝卜”(中止途径)和“大棒”(增加制裁威胁),先发制人地与多产罪犯接触——适用于多产罪犯,但不适用于他们的同案犯。结果表明,在所有比较中,单一官员-罪犯的参与会导致犯罪抑制效果,具体、替代和总体网络威慑效果分别降低21.3%、11.0%和15.0%。研究结果表明,(a)基于内部警察记录的社会网络分析可用于从地图上了解罪犯的社会网络,以预防犯罪;(b) 警方发布的威慑信息有能力减少犯罪,这超出了之前的假设,因为合作关系中的一连串威胁具有替代性的减少犯罪的影响;(c) 与可能对某些罪犯产生不良影响的“反应性特定威慑”(即在特定和已侦查的犯罪后威胁惩罚)不同,预防性特定威慑是一种很有前途的犯罪政策。
{"title":"“I heard it through the grapevine”: a randomized controlled trial on the direct and vicarious effects of preventative specific deterrence initiatives in criminal networks","authors":"B. Ariel, A. Englefield, J. Denley","doi":"10.17863/CAM.41581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.41581","url":null,"abstract":"A rich body of literature exists on deterrence, yet little is known about how deterrence messages are communicated through social networks. This is an important gap in our understanding, because such communication gives rise to the possibility that social institutions can utilize the vicarious effect of the threat of punishment against one individual to reduce the rate of reoffending amongst their criminal associates. To test this, we identified criminals with an extensive offending history (prolific offenders) and their co-offenders using social network analysis and then conducted a randomized controlled trial to measure the effect on both prolific offenders and their cooffenders of delivering a “specific deterrence” message. The treatment— preemptive engagements with prolific offenders by a police officer offering both ‘carrots’ (desistance pathways) and ‘sticks’ (increased sanction threat)—was applied to the prolific offenders, but not to their co-offenders. The outcomes suggest that a single officer–offender engagement leads to a crime suppression effect in all comparisons, with 21.3%, 11.0%, and 15.0% reductions for specific, vicarious, and total network deterrence effects, respectively. The findings suggest that (a) social network analysis based on in-house police records can be used to cartographically understand social networks of offenders, with an aim of preventing crime; (b) deterrence messages promulgated by the police have the capacity to reduce crime beyond what was previously assumed, as the cascading of threats in cooffending relationships carries a vicarious crime reduction impact; (c) unlike “reactive specific deterrence” (i.e., a threat of punishment following a specific and detected crime) which can have perverse effects on certain offenders, preventative specific deterrence is a promising crime policy.","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"109 1","pages":"819-865"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43753062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
The Clarks: An American Phenomenon 克拉克一家:一个美国现象
IF 1.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.2307/1136464
A. Lindesmith, William D. Mangam
{"title":"The Clarks: An American Phenomenon","authors":"A. Lindesmith, William D. Mangam","doi":"10.2307/1136464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1136464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"33 1","pages":"400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1136464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44630138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Measuring Change: From Rates of Recidivism to Markers of Desistance 衡量变化:从累犯率到退出标志
IF 1.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-03-15 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3142405
Cecelia M. Klingele
Reducing the incidence of crime is a primary task of the criminal justice system and one for which it rightly should be held accountable. The system’s success is frequently judged by the recidivism rates of those who are subject to various criminal justice interventions, from treatment programs to imprisonment. This Article suggests that, however popular, recidivism alone is a poor metric for gauging the success of criminal justice interventions or of those who participate in them. This is true primarily because recidivism is a binary measure, and behavioral change is a multi-faceted process. Accepting recidivism as a valid, stand-alone metric imposes on the criminal justice system a responsibility beyond its capacity, demanding that its success turn on transforming even the most serious and intractable of offenders into fully law-abiding citizens. Instead of measuring success by simple rates of recidivism, policymakers should seek more nuanced metrics. One such alternative is readily available: markers of desistance. Desistance, which in this context means the process by which individuals move from a life that is crime-involved to one that is not, is evidenced not just by whether a person re-offends but also by whether there are increasing intervals between offenses and patterns of de-escalating behavior. These easily obtainable metrics, which are already widely relied on by criminologists, can yield more nuanced information about the degree to which criminal justice interventions correlate with positive (or negative) life changes. They also resemble more closely the ways in which other fields that address behavioral change such as education attempt to measure change over time. Measuring the success of criminal justice interventions by reference to their effects on desistance would mean seeking evidence of progress, not perfection. Such an approach would allow criminal justice agencies to be held accountable for promoting positive change without asking them to do the impossible, thereby creating new pathways by which the criminal justice system could be recognized for achieving real and measurable progress in crime reduction.
减少犯罪发生率是刑事司法系统的一项主要任务,它理应对此负责。该系统的成功与否通常是由那些受到各种刑事司法干预的人的再犯率来判断的,从治疗项目到监禁。这篇文章表明,无论多么受欢迎,单独的累犯都不是衡量刑事司法干预成功与否或参与干预的人成功与否的一个糟糕指标。这主要是因为累犯是一个二元衡量标准,而行为改变是一个多方面的过程。接受累犯作为一种有效的、独立的衡量标准,给刑事司法系统施加了一种超出其能力的责任,要求它的成功取决于将最严重、最棘手的罪犯转变为完全守法的公民。与其用简单的累犯率来衡量成功与否,政策制定者应该寻求更细致入微的衡量标准。一种这样的替代方法是现成的:抵制标志。在这种情况下,“停止”指的是一个人从有犯罪行为的生活过渡到没有犯罪行为的生活的过程,它不仅可以通过一个人是否再次犯罪来证明,还可以通过犯罪和降级行为模式之间的间隔是否越来越长来证明。这些容易获得的指标已经被犯罪学家广泛使用,它们可以提供关于刑事司法干预与积极(或消极)生活变化之间的关联程度的更细微的信息。它们也更类似于其他研究行为改变的领域,如教育,试图衡量随时间变化的方式。衡量刑事司法干预的成功与否,参考其对停止的影响,将意味着寻求进步的证据,而不是完美的证据。这种办法将使刑事司法机构能够对促进积极的变化负责,而不必要求它们做不可能的事,从而创造新的途径,使刑事司法系统能够被承认在减少犯罪方面取得了真正和可衡量的进展。
{"title":"Measuring Change: From Rates of Recidivism to Markers of Desistance","authors":"Cecelia M. Klingele","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3142405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3142405","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the incidence of crime is a primary task of the criminal justice system and one for which it rightly should be held accountable. The system’s success is frequently judged by the recidivism rates of those who are subject to various criminal justice interventions, from treatment programs to imprisonment. This Article suggests that, however popular, recidivism alone is a poor metric for gauging the success of criminal justice interventions or of those who participate in them. This is true primarily because recidivism is a binary measure, and behavioral change is a multi-faceted process. Accepting recidivism as a valid, stand-alone metric imposes on the criminal justice system a responsibility beyond its capacity, demanding that its success turn on transforming even the most serious and intractable of offenders into fully law-abiding citizens. Instead of measuring success by simple rates of recidivism, policymakers should seek more nuanced metrics. One such alternative is readily available: markers of desistance. Desistance, which in this context means the process by which individuals move from a life that is crime-involved to one that is not, is evidenced not just by whether a person re-offends but also by whether there are increasing intervals between offenses and patterns of de-escalating behavior. These easily obtainable metrics, which are already widely relied on by criminologists, can yield more nuanced information about the degree to which criminal justice interventions correlate with positive (or negative) life changes. They also resemble more closely the ways in which other fields that address behavioral change such as education attempt to measure change over time. Measuring the success of criminal justice interventions by reference to their effects on desistance would mean seeking evidence of progress, not perfection. Such an approach would allow criminal justice agencies to be held accountable for promoting positive change without asking them to do the impossible, thereby creating new pathways by which the criminal justice system could be recognized for achieving real and measurable progress in crime reduction.","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"109 1","pages":"769-817"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2139/SSRN.3142405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48687245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The Rhetoric of Abolition: Continuity and Change in the Struggle Against America's Death Penalty, 1900-2010 废除的修辞:1900-2010年反对美国死刑斗争的延续与变化
IF 1.8 2区 社会学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2017-08-10 DOI: 10.4324/9781315747699-8
Austin D. Sarat, Robert P. Kermes, Haley Cambra, Adelyn Curran, Margaret Kiley, K. Pant
{"title":"The Rhetoric of Abolition: Continuity and Change in the Struggle Against America's Death Penalty, 1900-2010","authors":"Austin D. Sarat, Robert P. Kermes, Haley Cambra, Adelyn Curran, Margaret Kiley, K. Pant","doi":"10.4324/9781315747699-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315747699-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology","volume":"107 1","pages":"757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70439268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
期刊
Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1