Unlike development strategies for prosperous regions and their prioritisation of high-tech sectors, alternative strategies for left behind places are suggested that shift to foundational economies, community-based social innovation and well-being. While we support this emphasis, we see a tendency to neglect the role of change agents engaged with research and teaching in high-tech domains for initiating new regional growth paths. This study shows how initial funding has promoted change agents and the emergence of today’s cybersecurity ecosystem in the old industrial region of the Ruhr. The ecosystem generates fast-growing high-tech start-ups and contributes to positive regional identification. Our paper suggests combining alternative development strategies and the support of change agency from high-tech domains to develop left behind places.
{"title":"High-tech development for “left behind” places: lessons-learnt from the Ruhr cybersecurity ecosystem","authors":"Anna Butzin, Franz Flögel","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad041","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike development strategies for prosperous regions and their prioritisation of high-tech sectors, alternative strategies for left behind places are suggested that shift to foundational economies, community-based social innovation and well-being. While we support this emphasis, we see a tendency to neglect the role of change agents engaged with research and teaching in high-tech domains for initiating new regional growth paths. This study shows how initial funding has promoted change agents and the emergence of today’s cybersecurity ecosystem in the old industrial region of the Ruhr. The ecosystem generates fast-growing high-tech start-ups and contributes to positive regional identification. Our paper suggests combining alternative development strategies and the support of change agency from high-tech domains to develop left behind places.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"122 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138289563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Left-behind places face linked economic and political problems that must be resolved jointly. This paper examines the potential contribution of basic income programs to that goal. Consisting of regular, no-strings-attached payments to citizens, basic income programs ensure resources and stability for poor and economically precarious households who comprise a significant share of left-behind places’ populations. Advocacy for basic income emphasizes social and ethical commitment to individuals who have paid the price for economic decline. Thus, even though the goal of national and universal basic income remains distant in the UK, activism for basic income has succeeded in creating alternative paths for populist sentiments originating in the decline of left-behind places. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and interviews with advocates in the UK and elsewhere, I demonstrate that activism for basic income diverts potential support for ethno-nationalism and European withdrawal to alternate, place-contingent and variegated regional political paths.
{"title":"Building distributive populism: basic income and political alternatives to ethno-nationalism","authors":"Marc Doussard","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad040","url":null,"abstract":"Left-behind places face linked economic and political problems that must be resolved jointly. This paper examines the potential contribution of basic income programs to that goal. Consisting of regular, no-strings-attached payments to citizens, basic income programs ensure resources and stability for poor and economically precarious households who comprise a significant share of left-behind places’ populations. Advocacy for basic income emphasizes social and ethical commitment to individuals who have paid the price for economic decline. Thus, even though the goal of national and universal basic income remains distant in the UK, activism for basic income has succeeded in creating alternative paths for populist sentiments originating in the decline of left-behind places. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and interviews with advocates in the UK and elsewhere, I demonstrate that activism for basic income diverts potential support for ethno-nationalism and European withdrawal to alternate, place-contingent and variegated regional political paths.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138293455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper argues that money and finance are not sufficiently integrated into the research agenda of evolutionary economic geography (EEG). I identify two dimensions of Joseph Schumpeter’s vision of the inherent instability of capitalism as promising for the EEG research agenda: First, the ‘law’ (Gesetz) of a disequilibrating role of credit creation and innovations in financial relations reveals the deeply ‘monetary character’ of his theory of development. Second, Schumpeter’s vision of an evolutionary ‘form’ (Gestalt) of capitalism describes a social process that rests on macro-drivers of institutional change. Money and finance thus simultaneously act as both static indicators and dynamic drivers of economic development in space.
{"title":"Schumpeter’s Gesetz and Gestalt in space: exploring evolutionary economic geographies of money and finance","authors":"David Bieri","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad025","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that money and finance are not sufficiently integrated into the research agenda of evolutionary economic geography (EEG). I identify two dimensions of Joseph Schumpeter’s vision of the inherent instability of capitalism as promising for the EEG research agenda: First, the ‘law’ (Gesetz) of a disequilibrating role of credit creation and innovations in financial relations reveals the deeply ‘monetary character’ of his theory of development. Second, Schumpeter’s vision of an evolutionary ‘form’ (Gestalt) of capitalism describes a social process that rests on macro-drivers of institutional change. Money and finance thus simultaneously act as both static indicators and dynamic drivers of economic development in space.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"64 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71524880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fostering cooperation among local stakeholders is a core aim of place-based policies, and it can generate economic benefits and help restore a sense of agency in left-behind communities. However, relatively little is known about how to induce local cooperation in low-trust, institutionally weak areas. This article develops an integrated theoretical framework to help diagnose the precise obstacles to cooperation faced in different types of adverse settings. Such a diagnosis can help design tailored local- and macro-level policies to address the obstacles to local cooperation. The utility of the proposed framework is demonstrated using a medium-n comparative case study design.
{"title":"Obstacles to local cooperation in fragmented, left-behind economies: an integrated framework","authors":"Kira Gartzou-Katsouyanni","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad037","url":null,"abstract":"Fostering cooperation among local stakeholders is a core aim of place-based policies, and it can generate economic benefits and help restore a sense of agency in left-behind communities. However, relatively little is known about how to induce local cooperation in low-trust, institutionally weak areas. This article develops an integrated theoretical framework to help diagnose the precise obstacles to cooperation faced in different types of adverse settings. Such a diagnosis can help design tailored local- and macro-level policies to address the obstacles to local cooperation. The utility of the proposed framework is demonstrated using a medium-n comparative case study design.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"60 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71474892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper investigates the occurrence and nature of barriers to social inclusion in distinct geographical settings. Utilising a unique administrative dataset from Ireland’s dominant social inclusion programme, this study examines how location impacts the occurrence of these barriersat a small-area level. Ireland’s high growth rates have raised concerns about uneven effects, making it an interesting case study for ‘left behind’ places. The findings reveal that barriers associated with social inclusion, related to economic participation, are more prevalent in ‘independent urban towns’ compared to both more urban and more rural areas, over and above area-level deprivation. This implies that existing policies, which traditionally employs a simplistic urban/rural dichotomy, lacks effective targeting, and would benefit from adopting a more precise spatial perspective.
{"title":"Barriers to social inclusion and levels of urbanisation: Does it matter where you live?","authors":"Adele Whelan, Anne Devlin, Seamus McGuinness","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper investigates the occurrence and nature of barriers to social inclusion in distinct geographical settings. Utilising a unique administrative dataset from Ireland’s dominant social inclusion programme, this study examines how location impacts the occurrence of these barriersat a small-area level. Ireland’s high growth rates have raised concerns about uneven effects, making it an interesting case study for ‘left behind’ places. The findings reveal that barriers associated with social inclusion, related to economic participation, are more prevalent in ‘independent urban towns’ compared to both more urban and more rural areas, over and above area-level deprivation. This implies that existing policies, which traditionally employs a simplistic urban/rural dichotomy, lacks effective targeting, and would benefit from adopting a more precise spatial perspective.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"57 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136104904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research identifies strong concentrations of economic activity in dynamic, major city regions, whereas shifts in economic linkages between these and smaller, less-advantaged city regions have been less investigated. Using data on firms’ investment/disinvestment decisions between 1993 and 2017, we show that the majority of ‘relational hinterlands’ (smaller, non-contiguous city regions with at least 1 investment tie to a global centre in 1993) in the USA have become disconnected from major US ‘global centres’ (globally integrated city regions). Relational hinterlands which lost connectivity to the global centres are also disadvantaged in many other ways. While global centres have become increasingly connected to other global centres in the USA and abroad, relational hinterlands have become increasingly disconnected from centres of economic growth.
{"title":"Relational hinterlands in the USA have become disconnected from major global centres","authors":"Maximilian Buchholz, Harald Bathelt","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad034","url":null,"abstract":"Research identifies strong concentrations of economic activity in dynamic, major city regions, whereas shifts in economic linkages between these and smaller, less-advantaged city regions have been less investigated. Using data on firms’ investment/disinvestment decisions between 1993 and 2017, we show that the majority of ‘relational hinterlands’ (smaller, non-contiguous city regions with at least 1 investment tie to a global centre in 1993) in the USA have become disconnected from major US ‘global centres’ (globally integrated city regions). Relational hinterlands which lost connectivity to the global centres are also disadvantaged in many other ways. While global centres have become increasingly connected to other global centres in the USA and abroad, relational hinterlands have become increasingly disconnected from centres of economic growth.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to discuss left behind places in Brazil in the early 21st century. We conceptually debate the left behind places’ approach in dialogue with other contemporary theoretical perspectives. To evaluate regional inequalities in Brazil, we used the coefficient of variation, calculated at two different scales from 2002 to 2019 for GDP per capita, also considering social indicators. The results indicated a slow decline in regional inequalities. We debate the role of recently implemented public policies in this process, as well as the potentiality of these policies to identify left behind places and deal with them.
{"title":"Left behind places in Brazil: the dynamics of regional inequalities and public policies in the early 21st century","authors":"Humberto Martins","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad035","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to discuss left behind places in Brazil in the early 21st century. We conceptually debate the left behind places’ approach in dialogue with other contemporary theoretical perspectives. To evaluate regional inequalities in Brazil, we used the coefficient of variation, calculated at two different scales from 2002 to 2019 for GDP per capita, also considering social indicators. The results indicated a slow decline in regional inequalities. We debate the role of recently implemented public policies in this process, as well as the potentiality of these policies to identify left behind places and deal with them.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marc Cowling, Ross Brown, Weixi Liu, Augusto Rocha
Recent research has identified a key subset of the business population that comprises firms who had sought external finance but subsequently withdrew from the credit market completely despite still requiring finance. Utilising the UK’s Longitudinal Small Business Survey between 2015 and 2020, we identify the consequences in terms of lost jobs and sales of these small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dropping out of the credit market for finance. We conduct our analysis at the regional and sub-regional level and found that around 230,000 SMEs have dropped out of the UK credit market and that in many localities this has reduced job creation and sales income growth. We conclude that this exclusionary borrowing behaviour will add further to existing regional and sub-regional economic inequalities in the UK, making the ‘levelling up’ agenda a very elusive policy objective.
{"title":"Getting left behind? The localised consequences of exclusion from the credit market for UK SMEs","authors":"Marc Cowling, Ross Brown, Weixi Liu, Augusto Rocha","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad033","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has identified a key subset of the business population that comprises firms who had sought external finance but subsequently withdrew from the credit market completely despite still requiring finance. Utilising the UK’s Longitudinal Small Business Survey between 2015 and 2020, we identify the consequences in terms of lost jobs and sales of these small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dropping out of the credit market for finance. We conduct our analysis at the regional and sub-regional level and found that around 230,000 SMEs have dropped out of the UK credit market and that in many localities this has reduced job creation and sales income growth. We conclude that this exclusionary borrowing behaviour will add further to existing regional and sub-regional economic inequalities in the UK, making the ‘levelling up’ agenda a very elusive policy objective.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Novelty, dynamics and competition: a commentary on the nature of economic evolution Get access Stan Metcalfe Stan Metcalfe The Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 9PB, UK stan.metcalfe@manchester.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad026, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026 Published: 18 October 2023
期刊文章新颖性，动态和竞争:对经济演变本质的评论访问Stan Metcalfe Stan Metcalfe曼彻斯特大学曼彻斯特商学院曼彻斯特创新研究所，曼彻斯特布斯街西，M15 9PB，英国stan.metcalfe@manchester.ac.uk搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者剑桥地区，经济与社会杂志，rsad026, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026出版:2023年10月18日
{"title":"Novelty, dynamics and competition: a commentary on the nature of economic evolution","authors":"Stan Metcalfe","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Novelty, dynamics and competition: a commentary on the nature of economic evolution Get access Stan Metcalfe Stan Metcalfe The Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 9PB, UK stan.metcalfe@manchester.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad026, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026 Published: 18 October 2023","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Realizing the promise of evolutionary economic geography: ecosystem perspectives Get access Maryann P Feldman Maryann P Feldman Arizona State University Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions—Public Policy, 411 North Central Ave, Phoenix, Arizona 85004-2163, USA Maryann.Feldman@asu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad028, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028 Published: 18 October 2023
期刊文章实现进化经济地理学的承诺:生态系统的观点获取访问Maryann P Feldman亚利桑那州立大学瓦茨公共服务和社区解决方案公共政策学院，411北中央大街，凤凰城，亚利桑那州85004-2163,USA Maryann.Feldman@asu.edu牛津学术谷歌学者剑桥地区，经济与社会杂志，rsad028, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028出版:2023年10月18日
{"title":"Realizing the promise of evolutionary economic geography: ecosystem perspectives","authors":"Maryann P Feldman","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Realizing the promise of evolutionary economic geography: ecosystem perspectives Get access Maryann P Feldman Maryann P Feldman Arizona State University Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions—Public Policy, 411 North Central Ave, Phoenix, Arizona 85004-2163, USA Maryann.Feldman@asu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad028, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028 Published: 18 October 2023","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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