Research identifies strong concentrations of economic activity in dynamic, major city regions, whereas shifts in economic linkages between these and smaller, less-advantaged city regions have been less investigated. Using data on firms’ investment/disinvestment decisions between 1993 and 2017, we show that the majority of ‘relational hinterlands’ (smaller, non-contiguous city regions with at least 1 investment tie to a global centre in 1993) in the USA have become disconnected from major US ‘global centres’ (globally integrated city regions). Relational hinterlands which lost connectivity to the global centres are also disadvantaged in many other ways. While global centres have become increasingly connected to other global centres in the USA and abroad, relational hinterlands have become increasingly disconnected from centres of economic growth.
{"title":"Relational hinterlands in the USA have become disconnected from major global centres","authors":"Maximilian Buchholz, Harald Bathelt","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad034","url":null,"abstract":"Research identifies strong concentrations of economic activity in dynamic, major city regions, whereas shifts in economic linkages between these and smaller, less-advantaged city regions have been less investigated. Using data on firms’ investment/disinvestment decisions between 1993 and 2017, we show that the majority of ‘relational hinterlands’ (smaller, non-contiguous city regions with at least 1 investment tie to a global centre in 1993) in the USA have become disconnected from major US ‘global centres’ (globally integrated city regions). Relational hinterlands which lost connectivity to the global centres are also disadvantaged in many other ways. While global centres have become increasingly connected to other global centres in the USA and abroad, relational hinterlands have become increasingly disconnected from centres of economic growth.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to discuss left behind places in Brazil in the early 21st century. We conceptually debate the left behind places’ approach in dialogue with other contemporary theoretical perspectives. To evaluate regional inequalities in Brazil, we used the coefficient of variation, calculated at two different scales from 2002 to 2019 for GDP per capita, also considering social indicators. The results indicated a slow decline in regional inequalities. We debate the role of recently implemented public policies in this process, as well as the potentiality of these policies to identify left behind places and deal with them.
{"title":"Left behind places in Brazil: the dynamics of regional inequalities and public policies in the early 21st century","authors":"Humberto Martins","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad035","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to discuss left behind places in Brazil in the early 21st century. We conceptually debate the left behind places’ approach in dialogue with other contemporary theoretical perspectives. To evaluate regional inequalities in Brazil, we used the coefficient of variation, calculated at two different scales from 2002 to 2019 for GDP per capita, also considering social indicators. The results indicated a slow decline in regional inequalities. We debate the role of recently implemented public policies in this process, as well as the potentiality of these policies to identify left behind places and deal with them.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marc Cowling, Ross Brown, Weixi Liu, Augusto Rocha
Recent research has identified a key subset of the business population that comprises firms who had sought external finance but subsequently withdrew from the credit market completely despite still requiring finance. Utilising the UK’s Longitudinal Small Business Survey between 2015 and 2020, we identify the consequences in terms of lost jobs and sales of these small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dropping out of the credit market for finance. We conduct our analysis at the regional and sub-regional level and found that around 230,000 SMEs have dropped out of the UK credit market and that in many localities this has reduced job creation and sales income growth. We conclude that this exclusionary borrowing behaviour will add further to existing regional and sub-regional economic inequalities in the UK, making the ‘levelling up’ agenda a very elusive policy objective.
{"title":"Getting left behind? The localised consequences of exclusion from the credit market for UK SMEs","authors":"Marc Cowling, Ross Brown, Weixi Liu, Augusto Rocha","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad033","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has identified a key subset of the business population that comprises firms who had sought external finance but subsequently withdrew from the credit market completely despite still requiring finance. Utilising the UK’s Longitudinal Small Business Survey between 2015 and 2020, we identify the consequences in terms of lost jobs and sales of these small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) dropping out of the credit market for finance. We conduct our analysis at the regional and sub-regional level and found that around 230,000 SMEs have dropped out of the UK credit market and that in many localities this has reduced job creation and sales income growth. We conclude that this exclusionary borrowing behaviour will add further to existing regional and sub-regional economic inequalities in the UK, making the ‘levelling up’ agenda a very elusive policy objective.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Novelty, dynamics and competition: a commentary on the nature of economic evolution Get access Stan Metcalfe Stan Metcalfe The Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 9PB, UK stan.metcalfe@manchester.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad026, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026 Published: 18 October 2023
期刊文章新颖性，动态和竞争:对经济演变本质的评论访问Stan Metcalfe Stan Metcalfe曼彻斯特大学曼彻斯特商学院曼彻斯特创新研究所，曼彻斯特布斯街西，M15 9PB，英国stan.metcalfe@manchester.ac.uk搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者剑桥地区，经济与社会杂志，rsad026, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026出版:2023年10月18日
{"title":"Novelty, dynamics and competition: a commentary on the nature of economic evolution","authors":"Stan Metcalfe","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Novelty, dynamics and competition: a commentary on the nature of economic evolution Get access Stan Metcalfe Stan Metcalfe The Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 9PB, UK stan.metcalfe@manchester.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad026, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad026 Published: 18 October 2023","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Realizing the promise of evolutionary economic geography: ecosystem perspectives Get access Maryann P Feldman Maryann P Feldman Arizona State University Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions—Public Policy, 411 North Central Ave, Phoenix, Arizona 85004-2163, USA Maryann.Feldman@asu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad028, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028 Published: 18 October 2023
期刊文章实现进化经济地理学的承诺:生态系统的观点获取访问Maryann P Feldman亚利桑那州立大学瓦茨公共服务和社区解决方案公共政策学院，411北中央大街，凤凰城，亚利桑那州85004-2163,USA Maryann.Feldman@asu.edu牛津学术谷歌学者剑桥地区，经济与社会杂志，rsad028, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028出版:2023年10月18日
{"title":"Realizing the promise of evolutionary economic geography: ecosystem perspectives","authors":"Maryann P Feldman","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Realizing the promise of evolutionary economic geography: ecosystem perspectives Get access Maryann P Feldman Maryann P Feldman Arizona State University Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions—Public Policy, 411 North Central Ave, Phoenix, Arizona 85004-2163, USA Maryann.Feldman@asu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad028, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad028 Published: 18 October 2023","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grete Gansauer, Julia H Haggerty, Kristin K Smith, Mark N Haggerty, Kelli F Roemer
The application of infrastructure as a regional development tool in resource peripheries has received little direct inquiry in both policy and scholarly debates. This article synthesizes theoretical and empirical directions across economic geography, regional studies and critical infrastructure studies to form a research agenda for investigating the role of built infrastructure in the development of ‘left behind’ peripheral regions in the USA. We argue that infrastructural systems’ material, social, fiscal and political dimensions potentially deepen rather than mitigate structural ‘left behind-ness’. Future research and policy design must account for such dynamics if infrastructure interventions are to prove generative for regional development.
{"title":"Can infrastructure help ‘left behind’ places ‘catch up?’ Theorizing the role of built infrastructure in regional development","authors":"Grete Gansauer, Julia H Haggerty, Kristin K Smith, Mark N Haggerty, Kelli F Roemer","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad032","url":null,"abstract":"The application of infrastructure as a regional development tool in resource peripheries has received little direct inquiry in both policy and scholarly debates. This article synthesizes theoretical and empirical directions across economic geography, regional studies and critical infrastructure studies to form a research agenda for investigating the role of built infrastructure in the development of ‘left behind’ peripheral regions in the USA. We argue that infrastructural systems’ material, social, fiscal and political dimensions potentially deepen rather than mitigate structural ‘left behind-ness’. Future research and policy design must account for such dynamics if infrastructure interventions are to prove generative for regional development.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"36 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dylan S Connor, Aleksander K Berg, Tom Kemeny, Peter J Kedron
Abstract We document that children growing up in places left behind by today’s economy experience lower levels of social mobility as adults. Using a longitudinal database that tracks over 20,000 places in the USA from 1980 to 2018, we identify two kinds of left behind places: the ‘long-term left behind’ that have struggled over long periods of history; and ‘recently left-behind’ places where conditions have deteriorated. Compared to children of similar baseline household income levels, we find that exposure to left behind places is associated with a 4-percentile reduction in adult income rank. Children fare considerably better when exposed to places where conditions are improving. These outcomes vary across prominent social and spatial categories and are compounded when nearby places are also experiencing hardship. Based on these findings, we argue that left behind places are having ‘scarring effects’ on children that could manifest long into the future, exacerbating the intergenerational challenges faced by low-income households and communities. Improvements in local economic conditions and outmigration to more prosperous places are, therefore, unlikely to be full remedies for the problems created by left behind places.
{"title":"Who gets left behind by left behind places?","authors":"Dylan S Connor, Aleksander K Berg, Tom Kemeny, Peter J Kedron","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We document that children growing up in places left behind by today’s economy experience lower levels of social mobility as adults. Using a longitudinal database that tracks over 20,000 places in the USA from 1980 to 2018, we identify two kinds of left behind places: the ‘long-term left behind’ that have struggled over long periods of history; and ‘recently left-behind’ places where conditions have deteriorated. Compared to children of similar baseline household income levels, we find that exposure to left behind places is associated with a 4-percentile reduction in adult income rank. Children fare considerably better when exposed to places where conditions are improving. These outcomes vary across prominent social and spatial categories and are compounded when nearby places are also experiencing hardship. Based on these findings, we argue that left behind places are having ‘scarring effects’ on children that could manifest long into the future, exacerbating the intergenerational challenges faced by low-income households and communities. Improvements in local economic conditions and outmigration to more prosperous places are, therefore, unlikely to be full remedies for the problems created by left behind places.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135133155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyunha Shin, Keungoui Kim, Junmin Lee, Dieter F Kogler
Abstract The present investigation aims to provide insights into the nexus between firms and localities that ultimately shapes the evolution of regional knowledge spaces. The ‘inventive footprint’ of firms, indicated by the spatial distribution of associated inventors across regional economic settings, provides the foundation to analyse whether firms’ external knowledge sourcing contributes to their own evolution, and by extension to their home region’s technological capabilities. Findings indicate that firms’ innovation efforts beyond their home base are subsequently absorbed at home and thus that knowledge-sourcing activities by multi-locational firms significantly contributes to the evolution of regional knowledge space trajectories.
{"title":"Inventors, firms and localities: insights into the nexus that forms and alters the evolution of regional knowledge spaces","authors":"Hyunha Shin, Keungoui Kim, Junmin Lee, Dieter F Kogler","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present investigation aims to provide insights into the nexus between firms and localities that ultimately shapes the evolution of regional knowledge spaces. The ‘inventive footprint’ of firms, indicated by the spatial distribution of associated inventors across regional economic settings, provides the foundation to analyse whether firms’ external knowledge sourcing contributes to their own evolution, and by extension to their home region’s technological capabilities. Findings indicate that firms’ innovation efforts beyond their home base are subsequently absorbed at home and thus that knowledge-sourcing activities by multi-locational firms significantly contributes to the evolution of regional knowledge space trajectories.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135477718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Evolutionary economic geography: the role of economics and why consilience matters Get access Kurt Dopfer Kurt Dopfer Department of Economics, University of Sankt Gallen, Sandrainstrasse 21, CH-9010 St. Gallen, Switzerland kurt.dopfer@unisg.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad030, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad030 Published: 26 September 2023
期刊文章进化经济地理学:经济学的作用和为什么协调重要访问Kurt Dopfer Kurt Dopfer圣加仑大学经济系，Sandrainstrasse 21, CH-9010 St. Gallen，瑞士kurt.dopfer@unisg.ch搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者剑桥地区，经济与社会杂志，rsad030, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad030出版:2023年9月26日
{"title":"Evolutionary economic geography: the role of economics and why consilience matters","authors":"Kurt Dopfer","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad030","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Evolutionary economic geography: the role of economics and why consilience matters Get access Kurt Dopfer Kurt Dopfer Department of Economics, University of Sankt Gallen, Sandrainstrasse 21, CH-9010 St. Gallen, Switzerland kurt.dopfer@unisg.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, rsad030, https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad030 Published: 26 September 2023","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article seeks to advance a key element of the methodological framework for evolutionary economic geography (EEG)—the conceptualisation of ‘urban space’. Drawing on recent theories from architecture and urban data science, it argues that the networked and topological qualities of urban built environments have been neglected in the EEG discipline, and yet they play an important role in how cities work as ‘complex evolving systems’. The article explores different ways in which the spatial configuration of cities influences urban economic evolution, drawing on Bill Hillier’s theory of space syntax and a case study from Greater Manchester. It concludes that when urban street systems are disrupted this can potentially become one contributing factor in why places become economically ‘left behind’.
{"title":"Learning from architectural theory about how cities work as complex and evolving spatial systems","authors":"Francesca Froy","doi":"10.1093/cjres/rsad024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsad024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article seeks to advance a key element of the methodological framework for evolutionary economic geography (EEG)—the conceptualisation of ‘urban space’. Drawing on recent theories from architecture and urban data science, it argues that the networked and topological qualities of urban built environments have been neglected in the EEG discipline, and yet they play an important role in how cities work as ‘complex evolving systems’. The article explores different ways in which the spatial configuration of cities influences urban economic evolution, drawing on Bill Hillier’s theory of space syntax and a case study from Greater Manchester. It concludes that when urban street systems are disrupted this can potentially become one contributing factor in why places become economically ‘left behind’.","PeriodicalId":47897,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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