Field Methods最新文献

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Short Take: Collecting Data from a Vulnerable Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 简而言之:在COVID-19大流行期间收集弱势群体的数据。

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221077398

Sela R Harcey, Robin Gauthier, Kelly L Markowski, Jeffrey A Smith

Conducting field research with a vulnerable population is difficult under the most auspicious conditions, and these difficulties only increase during a pandemic. Here, we describe the practical challenges and ethical considerations surrounding a recent data collection effort with a high-risk population during the COVID-19 pandemic. We detail our strategies related to research design, site selection, and ethical review.

在最有利的条件下，对脆弱人群进行实地研究是困难的，而在大流行期间，这些困难只会增加。在此，我们描述了最近在COVID-19大流行期间针对高危人群开展的数据收集工作所面临的实际挑战和伦理考虑。我们详细介绍了与研究设计、地点选择和伦理审查相关的策略。

引用次数: 1

Are Scale Direction Effects the Same in Different Survey Modes? Comparison of a Face-to-Face, a Telephone, and an Online Survey Experiment 在不同的测量模式中，比例尺方向效果是相同的吗?面对面，电话和在线调查实验的比较

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221105940

Ádám Stefkovics

A number of previous studies have shown that the direction of rating scales may affect the distribution of responses. There is also considerable evidence that the cognitive process of answering a survey question differ by survey mode, which suggests that scale direction effects may interact with mode effects. The aim of this study was to explore scale direction effect differences between experimental data collected by face-to-face, phone, and online interviews. Three different scales were used in the survey. Few signs of scale direction effects were found in the interviewer-administered surveys, while in the online survey, in the case of the 0–10 scale, responses were affected by the direction of the scale. The anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic may explain these mode differences and the results suggest that the theory provides a better theoretical ground than satisficing theory in the case of scalar questions.

先前的一些研究表明，评分量表的方向可能会影响反应的分布。也有相当多的证据表明，回答调查问题的认知过程因调查模式而异，这表明量表方向效应可能与模式效应相互作用。本研究的目的是探讨面对面访谈、电话访谈和网络访谈所收集的实验数据在量表方向效应上的差异。调查中使用了三种不同的量表。在访谈者管理的调查中几乎没有发现量表方向效应的迹象，而在在线调查中，在0-10量表的情况下，反应受到量表方向的影响。锚定-调整启发式可以解释这些模式差异，结果表明，在标量问题的情况下，锚定-调整启发式比满意启发式提供了更好的理论基础。

引用次数: 0

A Machine Learning Model Helps Process Interviewer Comments in Computer-assisted Personal Interview Instruments: A Case Study 机器学习模型有助于在计算机辅助的个人面试工具中处理面试官的评论：一个案例研究

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221107053

Catherine Billington, Gonzalo Rivero, Andrew Jannett, Jiating Chen

During data collection, field interviewers often append notes or comments to a case in open text fields to request updates to case-level data. Processing these comments can improve data quality, but many are non-actionable, and processing remains a costly manual task. This article presents a case study using a novel application of machine learning tools to assist in the evaluation of these comments. Using over 5,000 comments from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we built features that were fed to a machine learning model to predict a grouping category for each comment as previously assigned by data technicians to expedite processing. The model achieved high top-3 accuracy and was incorporated into a production tool for editing. A qualitative evaluation of the tool also provided encouraging results. This application of machine learning tools allowed a small but worthwhile increase in processing efficiency, while maintaining exacting standards for data quality.

在数据收集过程中，现场访谈者经常在开放文本字段中为案例添加注释或评论，以请求更新案例级数据。处理这些评论可以提高数据质量，但许多评论是不可操作的，处理仍然是一项成本高昂的手动任务。本文介绍了一个案例研究，使用机器学习工具的一种新应用来帮助评估这些评论。利用医疗支出小组调查中的5000多条评论，我们构建了一些特征，这些特征被输入到机器学习模型中，以预测数据技术人员之前分配的每条评论的分组类别，从而加快处理速度。该模型达到了前三名的高精度，并被纳入生产工具中进行编辑。对该工具进行的定性评价也取得了令人鼓舞的结果。机器学习工具的这种应用允许处理效率的小幅但有价值的提高，同时保持严格的数据质量标准。

引用次数: 1

Concurrent Mixed Modes: Response Quality, Speed, and Cost 并发混合模式：响应质量、速度和成本

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221105917

Vidal Díaz de Rada

This article presents the results of a general population study that used three different modes of data collection administered sequentially. The study began with a letter that contained the link to an online survey. Those who did not respond were interviewed by phone or face-to-face. The article focuses on the cost of the study related to response quality, and hypothesizes that the sequential use of various modes, first using the most economical ones, yields significant cost savings that do not affect the quality of the information obtained. The results indicate that the online survey was nine times cheaper than interviewer-administered modes of data collection. The face-to-face survey was the one with the highest rate of item nonresponse, whereas the telephone survey had the lowest item nonresponse rate.

本文介绍了一项普通人群研究的结果，该研究使用了三种不同的数据收集模式，按顺序进行。这项研究从一封信开始，信中包含了一项在线调查的链接。那些没有回应的人接受了电话或面对面的采访。文章重点关注与响应质量相关的研究成本，并假设顺序使用各种模式，首先使用最经济的模式，可以显著节省成本，但不会影响所获得信息的质量。结果表明，在线调查比面试官管理的数据收集模式便宜九倍。面对面调查是项目无应答率最高的调查，而电话调查的项目无应答比率最低。

引用次数: 0

Challenges and Opportunities to Recruiting and Engaging with Gay Male Latino Sexual Assault Survivors 招募和参与拉丁裔男同性恋性侵幸存者的挑战和机遇

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221103736

Daniel Jacobson López, Antonio Garcia, R. Engel, J. L. Jackson

There is a paucity of empirical literature examining the experiences of gay Latino sexual assault survivors in the United States, due in part because there is little research focused on how to effectively recruit and engage Latino sexual assault survivors as participants in the research process. While researchers have utilized various recruitment methods to engage with gay Latino men, they have not focused specifically on sexual assault survivors. To address this gap, this study examined effective strategies for recruiting and engaging with gay Latino sexual assault survivors. Various recruitment methods were used, and social media-based recruitment methods proved to be the most effective. Researchers need to develop rapport and trust during the screening interview and avoid the risk of re-traumatization.

研究美国拉丁裔同性恋性侵幸存者经历的实证文献很少，部分原因是很少有研究关注如何有效地招募和吸引拉丁裔性侵幸存者作为研究过程的参与者。虽然研究人员利用各种招募方法与拉丁裔男同性恋接触，但他们并没有专门关注性侵犯幸存者。为了解决这一差距，本研究考察了招募和接触拉丁裔同性恋性侵犯幸存者的有效策略。我们使用了各种各样的招聘方法，以社交媒体为基础的招聘方法被证明是最有效的。研究人员需要在筛选面谈中建立融洽的关系和信任，避免再次遭受创伤的风险。

引用次数: 1

Short Take: Sampling from Transnational Social Fields 短评:来自跨国社会领域的抽样

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221105920

J. Molina, M. Lubbers, Marian-Gabriel Hâncean, Ignacio Fradejas‐García

Thanks to the latest developments in network-oriented sampling, it is now possible to measure “transnational social fields,” or emergent social structures that connect places or regions in different countries. These structures are instrumental in explaining sociocultural phenomena like the emergence of ethnic or demographic enclaves, social and economic remittances, and ethnic identifications. Nevertheless, they have only been mentioned metaphorically so far.

由于网络导向抽样的最新发展，现在有可能测量“跨国社会领域”，或连接不同国家的地方或地区的新兴社会结构。这些结构有助于解释诸如种族或人口飞地的出现、社会和经济汇款以及种族认同等社会文化现象。然而，到目前为止，它们只是隐喻性地被提及。

引用次数: 1

Discrepancies between Foster Care Entry and Mental Health Service Use for Black and Latinx Youth. 黑人和拉丁裔青少年进入寄养家庭与使用心理健康服务之间的差异。

IF 4.2 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2022.2062760

Mehar N Singh, Omar G Gudiño

Black and Latinx youth are more likely to be placed into foster care compared to non-Latinx white youth. Foster care placement can facilitate mental health service use, yet youth from marginalized and oppressed racial and ethnic groups in foster care are still less likely to receive mental health services compared to non-Latinx white youth. This study aims to examine this discrepancy Black and Latinx youth face by testing (a) whether mental health need moderates the relationship between race or ethnicity and foster care placement and (b) whether race or ethnicity moderates the relationship between foster care placement and mental health service use. Data come from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II), a longitudinal national probability study of youth in contact with the child welfare system. Internalizing need was associated with a decreased likelihood of foster care placement for non-Latinx white youth compared to those with no need; findings showed the opposite for Latinx youth. Race and ethnicity did not significantly moderate the relationship between foster care placement and mental health service use, although predicted probabilities suggest that differences in mental health service use were more pronounced for Black and Latinx youth in in-home and kinship care compared to non-kinship foster care. Results suggest that despite main effects of race and ethnicity on foster care placement and mental health service use, discrepancies across these outcomes are not explained by race and ethnicity alone. Findings highlight the need to comprehensively examine predictors together, rather than separately, when assessing foster care care placement and mental health service use. A multi-pronged approach is outlined for child welfare reform.

与非拉丁裔白人青年相比，黑人和拉丁裔青年更有可能被寄养。寄养安置可以促进心理健康服务的使用，但与非拉丁裔白人青年相比，寄养家庭中来自边缘化和受压迫种族和民族群体的青年接受心理健康服务的可能性仍然较低。本研究旨在通过测试（a）心理健康需求是否会调节种族或民族与寄养安置之间的关系，以及（b）种族或民族是否会调节寄养安置与心理健康服务使用之间的关系，来研究黑人和拉丁裔青少年所面临的这一差异。数据来自全国儿童和青少年幸福调查（NSCAW II），这是一项针对与儿童福利系统有接触的青少年的纵向全国概率研究。与没有内化需求的青少年相比，非拉美裔白人青少年的内化需求与寄养安置的可能性降低有关；而拉美裔青少年的内化需求与寄养安置的可能性相反。种族和民族在寄养安置与心理健康服务使用之间并没有明显的调节作用，但预测概率表明，与非亲属寄养相比，黑人和拉丁裔青少年在家庭寄养和亲属寄养中使用心理健康服务的差异更为明显。结果表明，尽管种族和民族对寄养安置和心理健康服务使用有主要影响，但这些结果之间的差异并不能仅由种族和民族来解释。研究结果突出表明，在评估寄养安置和心理健康服务使用情况时，有必要综合而不是单独地研究各种预测因素。本文概述了一种多管齐下的儿童福利改革方法。

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引用次数: 0

Sister-girl Talk: A Community-based Method for Group Interviewing and Analysis 姊妹谈话:基于社区的小组访谈与分析方法

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221093824

Charlayne Mitchell, Ersula J. Ore, A. Wutich, Cindi Sturtzsreetharan, A. Brewis, O. Davis

Leveraging ground-breaking work of Black feminist scholars alongside established techniques of focus group and community-based participatory research, we explain sister-girl talk as a novel method for collecting and analyzing group interview data with Black women. We outline the procedures for consultation, facilitation and preliminary analysis of the sister-girl talk method.

利用黑人女权主义学者的开创性工作，以及焦点小组和社区参与性研究的既定技术，我们将姐妹谈话解释为一种收集和分析黑人女性群体访谈数据的新方法。我们概述了姐妹谈话方法的咨询、促进和初步分析程序。

引用次数: 2

Are You…? Asking Questions on Sex with a Third Category in Germany 你是……?在德国问第三类性问题

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X211072326

Patrícia Hadler, C. Neuert, Verena Ortmanns, Angelika Stiegler

A question asking for respondents’ sex is one of the standard sociodemographic characteristics collected in a survey. Until now, it typically consisted of a simple question (e.g., “Are you…?”) with two answer categories (“male” and “female”). In 2019, Germany implemented the additional sex designation divers for intersex people. In survey methodology, this has led to an ongoing discussion how to include a third category in questionnaires. We investigate respondents’ understanding of the third category, and whether introducing it affects data quality. Moreover, we investigate the understanding of the German term Geschlecht for sex and gender. To answer our research questions, we implemented different question wordings asking for sex/gender in a non-probability-based online panel in Germany and combined them with open-ended questions. Findings and implications for surveys are discussed.

询问受访者性别的问题是调查中收集的标准社会人口学特征之一。到目前为止，它通常由一个简单的问题(例如，“你是……吗?”)和两个答案类别(“男性”和“女性”)组成。2019年，德国为双性人实施了额外的性别指定潜水员。在调查方法中，这导致了如何在问卷中纳入第三类的持续讨论。我们调查了受访者对第三类的理解，以及引入它是否会影响数据质量。此外，我们调查了德语术语Geschlecht对性和性别的理解。为了回答我们的研究问题，我们在德国的一个非概率在线小组中实施了不同的问题措辞，要求性别/性别，并将它们与开放式问题相结合。讨论了调查的结果和含义。

引用次数: 1

Using Systematic Social Observations to Measure Crime Prevention through Environmental Design and Disorder: In-situ Observations, Photographs, and Google Street View Imagery 利用系统的社会观察来衡量通过环境设计和混乱预防犯罪：现场观察、照片和谷歌街景图像

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221074768

Marlies Sas, Thom Snaphaan, L. Pauwels, Koen Ponnet, Wim Hardyns

This study focuses on the use of systematic social observations (SSO) to measure crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and disorder. To improve knowledge about measurement issues in small area research, SSO is conducted by means of three different methods: in-situ, photographs, and Google Street View (GSV) imagery. By evaluating the methodological quality of the observation methods, the results of our study suggest that virtual SSO approaches have considerable promise for the reliable assessment of physical properties of small areas. We discuss challenges and provide avenues for future research to encourage the evolution of a more reliable approach to measure the physical environment.

本研究的重点是利用系统社会观察(SSO)来衡量犯罪预防通过环境设计(CPTED)和障碍。为了提高对小区域研究中测量问题的认识，SSO通过三种不同的方法进行:原位、照片和谷歌街景(GSV)图像。通过评价观测方法的方法学质量，我们的研究结果表明，虚拟单点登录方法对于小区域物理性质的可靠评估具有相当大的前景。我们讨论了挑战，并为未来的研究提供了途径，以鼓励发展更可靠的测量物理环境的方法。

引用次数: 0

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