Pub Date : 2025-07-03DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102096
Elizabeth B. daSilva
Much of the research on infants’ emotion regulation has prioritized broad, group-based patterns over individual trajectories. Ignoring individual differences between infants can lead to incomplete or misleading conclusions about the development of self-regulation and may result in overgeneralizing findings that are not universally applicable. Over the past 25 years, increasing evidence indicates that infants vary considerably in their regulatory patterns, forming distinct subgroups shaped by behavioral, physiological, and temperamental factors. This review synthesizes key findings on the emergence of these subgroups across domains in the first year of life. Additionally, the review explores how individual differences in maternal behavior contribute to the development of emotion regulation in infants, both independently and through interactions with infant characteristics. The review concludes by outlining priorities for future research that will further contribute to understanding individual differences, including multimodal approaches, longitudinal studies, and broader family-system frameworks. By embracing an individual differences perspective, researchers can deepen our understanding of complexities of early emotion regulation and its long-term developmental implications.
{"title":"Emotion regulation in infancy through the lens of individual differences: Insights and future directions","authors":"Elizabeth B. daSilva","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Much of the research on infants’ emotion regulation has prioritized broad, group-based patterns over individual trajectories. Ignoring individual differences between infants can lead to incomplete or misleading conclusions about the development of self-regulation and may result in overgeneralizing findings that are not universally applicable. Over the past 25 years, increasing evidence indicates that infants vary considerably in their regulatory patterns, forming distinct subgroups shaped by behavioral, physiological, and temperamental factors. This review synthesizes key findings on the emergence of these subgroups across domains in the first year of life. Additionally, the review explores how individual differences in maternal behavior contribute to the development of emotion regulation in infants, both independently and through interactions with infant characteristics. The review concludes by outlining priorities for future research that will further contribute to understanding individual differences, including multimodal approaches, longitudinal studies, and broader family-system frameworks. By embracing an individual differences perspective, researchers can deepen our understanding of complexities of early emotion regulation and its long-term developmental implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-29DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102069
Kara Kern , Alex Claiborne , Filip Jevtovic , Breanna Wisseman , Dylan Steen , Cody Strom , Ashton Lilley , Edward Newton , James Devente , Steven Mouro , David Collier , Katrina D. Dubose , Amy Gross McMillan , Rachel Tinius , Swati Surkar , Linda E. May
Background
Despite decades of research documenting health benefits from exercise during pregnancy, it remains unknown how prenatal exercise affects infant neuromotor skill development.
Objectives
To examine the effects of exercise modes, and maternal exercise metrics; frequency, intensity, time, type, and volume (FITT-V) during pregnancy on infant gross motor skills. We hypothesized that 1 month old infants of mothers who exercised during pregnancy would exhibit more developed gross motor skills compared to infants of mothers who did not exercise during pregnancy. Further, we hypothesized that infant gross motor skills will be directly associated with maternal exercise frequency, volume, and duration.
Materials & methods
Healthy pregnant women between 18 and 40 years were randomized to one of four groups: aerobic, resistance, combination exercise, or no exercise. Infant neuromotor skills (n = 162) were measured at 1 month of age using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 2nd Edition (PDMS-2).
Results
Locomotion subtest percentile for infants born to exercising mothers trended higher than infants of controls (p = .09), while exercise group allocation did not affect outcomes. Infants born to women who averaged > 4 METs (n = 35) exercise intensity during each session showed a higher overall Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ) percentile score (p = .02). CONCLUSION: While we found no relationship for maternal exercise frequency, volume or duration during pregnancy, exercise intensity shows an intensity-dependent association with increased locomotor skills in 1 month old infants.
{"title":"Exercise FITT-V during pregnancy: 1-month infant neuromotor outcomes","authors":"Kara Kern , Alex Claiborne , Filip Jevtovic , Breanna Wisseman , Dylan Steen , Cody Strom , Ashton Lilley , Edward Newton , James Devente , Steven Mouro , David Collier , Katrina D. Dubose , Amy Gross McMillan , Rachel Tinius , Swati Surkar , Linda E. May","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite decades of research documenting health benefits from exercise during pregnancy, it remains unknown how prenatal exercise affects infant neuromotor skill development.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the effects of exercise modes, and maternal exercise metrics; frequency, intensity, time, type, and volume (FITT-V) during pregnancy on infant gross motor skills. We hypothesized that 1 month old infants of mothers who exercised during pregnancy would exhibit more developed gross motor skills compared to infants of mothers who did not exercise during pregnancy. Further, we hypothesized that infant gross motor skills will be directly associated with maternal exercise frequency, volume, and duration.</div></div><div><h3>Materials & methods</h3><div>Healthy pregnant women between 18 and 40 years were randomized to one of four groups: aerobic, resistance, combination exercise, or no exercise. Infant neuromotor skills (n = 162) were measured at 1 month of age using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 2nd Edition (PDMS-2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Locomotion subtest percentile for infants born to exercising mothers trended higher than infants of controls (p = .09), while exercise group allocation did not affect outcomes. Infants born to women who averaged > 4 METs (n = 35) exercise intensity during each session showed a higher overall Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ) percentile score (p = .02). CONCLUSION: While we found no relationship for maternal exercise frequency, volume or duration during pregnancy, exercise intensity shows an intensity-dependent association with increased locomotor skills in 1 month old infants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102069"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102098
Bennett I. Bertenthal , Ty W. Boyer
The perception and understanding of others’ actions is foundational to how we communicate and learn about the social and physical world. During the past 25 years a good deal of research has focused on how the links between the observation and execution of actions could underly infants’ understanding and prediction of others’ behaviors. In this article, we critically review the empirical evidence suggesting that the development of action understanding is related to motor experience. This research is focused on infants’ perceptions and predictions of others’ goals, but actions involve more than goals which is why infants’ coding of the movements of an action are also reviewed. One critical issue that remains unresolved in the literature is whether the processes responsible for mapping the observation and execution of actions are limited to human actions or whether they generalize to non-human actions as well. Although much of the evidence suggests a difference, we identify methodological problems and alternative interpretations that have not been fully addressed. One reason for these problems is that action understanding has been studied largely through the lens of motor development. In the last section, we suggest that this field of inquiry has become somewhat stagnant and needs to adapt a developmental systems perspective: Action understanding should be studied as a dynamical system in which its development changes as a function of not only motor experience, but also as part of a larger system of developing behaviors that interact in complex and nonlinear ways.
{"title":"Human infants’ perception and understanding of others’ actions","authors":"Bennett I. Bertenthal , Ty W. Boyer","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The perception and understanding of others’ actions is foundational to how we communicate and learn about the social and physical world. During the past 25 years a good deal of research has focused on how the links between the observation and execution of actions could underly infants’ understanding and prediction of others’ behaviors. In this article, we critically review the empirical evidence suggesting that the development of action understanding is related to motor experience. This research is focused on infants’ perceptions and predictions of others’ goals, but actions involve more than goals which is why infants’ coding of the movements of an action are also reviewed. One critical issue that remains unresolved in the literature is whether the processes responsible for mapping the observation and execution of actions are limited to human actions or whether they generalize to non-human actions as well. Although much of the evidence suggests a difference, we identify methodological problems and alternative interpretations that have not been fully addressed. One reason for these problems is that action understanding has been studied largely through the lens of motor development. In the last section, we suggest that this field of inquiry has become somewhat stagnant and needs to adapt a developmental systems perspective: Action understanding should be studied as a dynamical system in which its development changes as a function of not only motor experience, but also as part of a larger system of developing behaviors that interact in complex and nonlinear ways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102099
Anna E. Baumann , Susan A. Graham
Category-based inductive reasoning involves assuming that members of the same category share common properties. This form of reasoning allows individuals to draw upon previous knowledge, enhancing cognitive efficiency. This review paper focuses on the advances made in research on category-based inductive reasoning over the past 25 years, with specific focus on infants between the ages of 12 and 36 months. Three key lines of research are reviewed: studies demonstrating the role of shape similarity in guiding inferences, studies examining the conditions under which infants rely on shared labels to guide their inferencing, and studies examining how generic language statements guide toddlers’ inductive inferences. Finally, directions for future research are discussed, with particular focus on the need to examine the developmental origins of inductive reasoning in infants younger than 12 months.
{"title":"The development of inductive reasoning during infancy","authors":"Anna E. Baumann , Susan A. Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Category-based inductive reasoning involves assuming that members of the same category share common properties. This form of reasoning allows individuals to draw upon previous knowledge, enhancing cognitive efficiency. This review paper focuses on the advances made in research on category-based inductive reasoning over the past 25 years, with specific focus on infants between the ages of 12 and 36 months. Three key lines of research are reviewed: studies demonstrating the role of shape similarity in guiding inferences, studies examining the conditions under which infants rely on shared labels to guide their inferencing, and studies examining how generic language statements guide toddlers’ inductive inferences. Finally, directions for future research are discussed, with particular focus on the need to examine the developmental origins of inductive reasoning in infants younger than 12 months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102101
Maria A. Gartstein, Marco A. Ramirez Gonzalez
The goal of this review article is to provide an overview of the last quarter century of infant temperament research. Beginning with a brief description of theoretical underpinnings, we focus on studies addressing early beginnings of reactivity and self-regulation. After the most widely accepted framework used to conceptualize temperament has been defined, the next section examines various methodologies for measuring temperament in the past 25 years. We then focus on work that aims to describe developmental changes and progression of temperament development. The following sections consider individual and contextual contributing factors, such as infant sex and cultural influences. Finally, we review infant temperament as a predictor of important child outcomes, focusing on behavior problems/symptoms. Overall, the past 25 years temperament research has increased our understanding of important developmental changes in different domains of reactivity and regulation, emphasizing biological underpinnings, such as underlying brain activity, as well as contributing factors (e.g., genetic/epigenetic contributions). The review ends with a discussion of remaining gaps in research and recommendations for future research, such as the need to harmonize datasets across laboratories to leverage latest quantitative methods resulting in reproducible science.
{"title":"Temperament development in infancy: What we have learned about the origins of individual differences in the past 25 years","authors":"Maria A. Gartstein, Marco A. Ramirez Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this review article is to provide an overview of the last quarter century of infant temperament research. Beginning with a brief description of theoretical underpinnings, we focus on studies addressing early beginnings of reactivity and self-regulation. After the most widely accepted framework used to conceptualize temperament has been defined, the next section examines various methodologies for measuring temperament in the past 25 years. We then focus on work that aims to describe developmental changes and progression of temperament development. The following sections consider individual and contextual contributing factors, such as infant sex and cultural influences. Finally, we review infant temperament as a predictor of important child outcomes, focusing on behavior problems/symptoms. Overall, the past 25 years temperament research has increased our understanding of important developmental changes in different domains of reactivity and regulation, emphasizing biological underpinnings, such as underlying brain activity, as well as contributing factors (e.g., genetic/epigenetic contributions). The review ends with a discussion of remaining gaps in research and recommendations for future research, such as the need to harmonize datasets across laboratories to leverage latest quantitative methods resulting in reproducible science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-21DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102100
Áine Ni Choisdealbha , Andrew N. Meltzoff
Empirical work has sparked notable progress in our understanding of how infants perceive and encode other people’s actions, goals, and intentions. The role that infant action experience may play in this process – the perception-production link – has been a significant focus. Here, we analyze and unite three lines of work on this topic that have emerged over the last 25 years. First, looking-time measures have been used to assess whether infants’ processing of others’ goals is correlated with their own competence at performing similar actions. Second, studies have been designed to compare infants with different motor abilities and to intervene to alter infants’ production experience, in order to test the effects of this experience on infants’ subsequent perception of actions. Third, cognitive neuroscience techniques have been used to probe the neural correlates of infants’ perception and production of actions by measuring the sensorimotor mu rhythm. We conclude with a look toward the future, including the value of investigating whether and how experience gained through action production contributes to and enriches action perception, and the promise of new infant brain-imaging techniques for addressing these enduring questions.
{"title":"Advances in understanding the perception-production link: Evidence from infant eye, brain, and motor behavior","authors":"Áine Ni Choisdealbha , Andrew N. Meltzoff","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Empirical work has sparked notable progress in our understanding of how infants perceive and encode other people’s actions, goals, and intentions. The role that infant action experience may play in this process – the perception-production link – has been a significant focus. Here, we analyze and unite three lines of work on this topic that have emerged over the last 25 years. First, looking-time measures have been used to assess whether infants’ processing of others’ goals is correlated with their own competence at performing similar actions. Second, studies have been designed to compare infants with different motor abilities and to intervene to alter infants’ production experience, in order to test the effects of this experience on infants’ subsequent perception of actions. Third, cognitive neuroscience techniques have been used to probe the neural correlates of infants’ perception and production of actions by measuring the sensorimotor mu rhythm. We conclude with a look toward the future, including the value of investigating whether and how experience gained through action production contributes to and enriches action perception, and the promise of new infant brain-imaging techniques for addressing these enduring questions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102097
Chloe Brittenham , Jennifer B. Wagner , Anthony Westendorf , Helen Tager-Flusberg , Charles A. Nelson
Typical development shows early biases in face attention during infancy, characterized by face inversion effects and increased attention to the left side of the face. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), face scanning patterns often differ, with reduced inversion effects and left-side biases. The current study examined inversion effects, side biases, and pupil responses in EL and TL infants at 7, 10, and 13 months using linear mixed modeling. TL infants showed greater looking to the left side of the face than EL infants both over the full trial duration and in the 500–1000 ms trial window. Also, in the 500–1000 ms window, a significant left versus right side difference was observed only in the TL group. Pupil responses revealed an interaction between group and age, with EL infants showing a larger pupil size increase over time. These findings suggest that elevated ASD likelihood may be linked to early face-processing differences, such as reduced left gaze bias and greater pupil increases in infancy. Further research is necessary to determine if these patterns are specific to faces or reflect broader atypicalities in hemispheric asymmetry and autonomic function, and how these differences may contribute to later emerging features of ASD.
{"title":"Differing patterns of face processing in infants at elevated likelihood of autism","authors":"Chloe Brittenham , Jennifer B. Wagner , Anthony Westendorf , Helen Tager-Flusberg , Charles A. Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Typical development shows early biases in face attention during infancy, characterized by face inversion effects and increased attention to the left side of the face. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), face scanning patterns often differ, with reduced inversion effects and left-side biases. The current study examined inversion effects, side biases, and pupil responses in EL and TL infants at 7, 10, and 13 months using linear mixed modeling. TL infants showed greater looking to the left side of the face than EL infants both over the full trial duration and in the 500–1000 ms trial window. Also, in the 500–1000 ms window, a significant left versus right side difference was observed only in the TL group. Pupil responses revealed an interaction between group and age, with EL infants showing a larger pupil size increase over time. These findings suggest that elevated ASD likelihood may be linked to early face-processing differences, such as reduced left gaze bias and greater pupil increases in infancy. Further research is necessary to determine if these patterns are specific to faces or reflect broader atypicalities in hemispheric asymmetry and autonomic function, and how these differences may contribute to later emerging features of ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102093
Erin O’Connor , Karli Treyvaud , Cherie C. Green , Jonathan Green , Teresa Iacono , Murray Maybery , Leonie Segal , Vicky Slonims , Kandice J. Varcin , Ming Wai Wan , Andrew Whitehouse , Kristelle Hudry
Caregiver-mediated supports in general have shown mixed evidence for enhancing language outcomes in infants at higher likelihood of autism. While caregivers play a substantial role in caregiver-mediated supports, little is known about whether caregivers’ own subclinical autistic features – known as broader autism phenotype (BAP) – may moderate infant language outcomes. In secondary analysis of trial data, we examined whether caregiver BAP moderated the effectiveness of the iBASIS caregiver-mediated support program (received when infants were mean aged 12–18 months) for infant language outcomes (measured on parent-reported and direct assessment of receptive and expressive language). While lower caregiver BAP was linked to increased parent-reported infant vocabulary growth in general terms, it did not actually moderate the effect of the caregiver-mediated support program on those infant language outcomes. In relative terms therefore, infants of caregivers with both higher and lower BAP benefited equally from this support on parent-report compared to the comparison group. Caregiver BAP is associated with slower vocabulary growth in infants, but caregivers with autistic features can be recommended for this caregiver-mediated video-feedback based program, as their infants benefitted from such support.
{"title":"Caregiver broader autism phenotype does not moderate the effect of early caregiver-mediated support on infant language outcomes","authors":"Erin O’Connor , Karli Treyvaud , Cherie C. Green , Jonathan Green , Teresa Iacono , Murray Maybery , Leonie Segal , Vicky Slonims , Kandice J. Varcin , Ming Wai Wan , Andrew Whitehouse , Kristelle Hudry","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caregiver-mediated supports in general have shown mixed evidence for enhancing language outcomes in infants at higher likelihood of autism. While caregivers play a substantial role in caregiver-mediated supports, little is known about whether caregivers’ own subclinical autistic features – known as broader autism phenotype (BAP) – may moderate infant language outcomes. In secondary analysis of trial data, we examined whether caregiver BAP moderated the effectiveness of the iBASIS caregiver-mediated support program (received when infants were mean aged 12–18 months) for infant language outcomes (measured on parent-reported and direct assessment of receptive and expressive language). While lower caregiver BAP was linked to increased parent-reported infant vocabulary growth in general terms, it did not actually moderate the effect of the caregiver-mediated support program on those infant language outcomes. In relative terms therefore, infants of caregivers with both higher and lower BAP benefited equally from this support on parent-report compared to the comparison group. Caregiver BAP is associated with slower vocabulary growth in infants, but caregivers with autistic features can be recommended for this caregiver-mediated video-feedback based program, as their infants benefitted from such support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102093"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-17DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102095
Moon West , A.J. Schwichtenberg
Over the past 25 years, several aspects of infant sleep remain unchanged including infant sleep need and the developmental, neurological, and physiological processes that influence sleep-wake regulation. However, our understanding of these processes has grown along with our understanding of how sleep can be developmentally consequential. The global boom of technology in the past 25 years has influenced several aspects of infant sleep while also providing a wealth of new tools for sleep research and interventions. Building on this technological shift, within this review we will summarize the pediatric sleep field’s research-based growth in (1) developmental sleep shifts from birth to toddlerhood, (2) consensus statements on infant sleep recommendations, (3) mounting evidence on the connections between sleep and development in other domains, (4) the bi-directional relations between infant sleep and parenting behaviors (e.g., bedtime routines, emotional availability, sleep-related cognitions, technology use, sleep location), (5) shifts in infant/toddler sleep assessment tools, and (6) behavioral sleep intervention approaches. The last sections outline areas of challenge and future focus – including improving diverse representation across samples/studies, leaning into sleep assessment advances, and the application of implementation science to existing evidence-based practices.
{"title":"Infant and toddler sleep research: A narrative review of developmental shifts, clinical guidelines, parenting practices, assessments, and interventions","authors":"Moon West , A.J. Schwichtenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past 25 years, several aspects of infant sleep remain unchanged including infant sleep need and the developmental, neurological, and physiological processes that influence sleep-wake regulation. However, our understanding of these processes has grown along with our understanding of how sleep can be developmentally consequential. The global boom of technology in the past 25 years has influenced several aspects of infant sleep while also providing a wealth of new tools for sleep research and interventions. Building on this technological shift, within this review we will summarize the pediatric sleep field’s research-based growth in (1) developmental sleep shifts from birth to toddlerhood, (2) consensus statements on infant sleep recommendations, (3) mounting evidence on the connections between sleep and development in other domains, (4) the bi-directional relations between infant sleep and parenting behaviors (e.g., bedtime routines, emotional availability, sleep-related cognitions, technology use, sleep location), (5) shifts in infant/toddler sleep assessment tools, and (6) behavioral sleep intervention approaches. The last sections outline areas of challenge and future focus – including improving diverse representation across samples/studies, leaning into sleep assessment advances, and the application of implementation science to existing evidence-based practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102095"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-13DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102089
Müberra Tanrıverdi , Güleser Güney Yılmaz
Premature infants are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental challenges, including motor skill deficits, language delays, and cognitive impairments. Early assessment of neuromotor and sensory development is crucial for identifying developmental delays and implementing timely interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate neuromotor and sensory development in premature infants over an 18-month corrected age period and to analyze changes in developmental trajectories during this time. In this prospective longitudinal study, 176 premature infants (born before 37 weeks gestation) were assessed at 1, 4, 8, 12, and 18 months of corrected age using the Neurological, Sensory, Motor, Developmental Assessment (NSMDA). The NSMDA scores showed clear improvement over time, with the biggest gains seen between the first and last assessments. Many infants who started with severe difficulties made significant progress, with some reaching a normal developmental range by 18 months. Additionally, a large portion of infants who were initially developing typically continued to do so throughout the study. The study underscores the potential for significant neuromotor and sensory development in premature infants within the first 18 months of corrected age. Regular early assessments and targeted interventions are essential to support optimal developmental outcomes in this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Early neuromotor and sensory development in premature infants: An 18-month longitudinal follow-up study","authors":"Müberra Tanrıverdi , Güleser Güney Yılmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Premature infants are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental challenges, including motor skill deficits, language delays, and cognitive impairments. Early assessment of neuromotor and sensory development is crucial for identifying developmental delays and implementing timely interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate neuromotor and sensory development in premature infants over an 18-month corrected age period and to analyze changes in developmental trajectories during this time. In this prospective longitudinal study, 176 premature infants (born before 37 weeks gestation) were assessed at 1, 4, 8, 12, and 18 months of corrected age using the Neurological, Sensory, Motor, Developmental Assessment (NSMDA). The NSMDA scores showed clear improvement over time, with the biggest gains seen between the first and last assessments. Many infants who started with severe difficulties made significant progress, with some reaching a normal developmental range by 18 months. Additionally, a large portion of infants who were initially developing typically continued to do so throughout the study. The study underscores the potential for significant neuromotor and sensory development in premature infants within the first 18 months of corrected age. Regular early assessments and targeted interventions are essential to support optimal developmental outcomes in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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