Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders最新文献_第3页

Virtual reality interview with feedback framework for situational practice of gaze among autistic adults 虚拟现实访谈与反馈框架，用于自闭症成人的凝视情景练习

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102494

Saygin Artiran , Shana Cohen , Pamela Cosman

Background

Autistic individuals commonly seek employment; however, only a small fraction are in the workforce. In part, this might be due to mismatches between their social patterns of attention and gaze, and society’s normative expectations during interviews.

Method

To help mitigate such disadvantages through a solo situational practice tool, we present a framework that consists of a virtual reality (VR) based job interview simulation and a coaching component. Employing data visualization, video modeling, and VR role-play of the targeted behavior, the coaching support could be done in a self-deliverable practice manner. A participatory design session with two autistic design partners was important in the co-creation of the feedback methods, making them easier to understand, and including positive reinforcement.

Results

Fourteen autistic individuals used the VR job interview simulation tool. Eleven received the gaze analysis and support stage and participated in a second VR simulation session. Preliminary results were positive, in that participant scores on average eye contact duration, average time without eye contact, and percentage of eye contact while listening and while speaking generally approached the corresponding medians of the non-autistic reference dataset. Participants were surveyed about the utility of the tool after the second feedback session and two months later. All survey respondents perceived the tool to be useful and the provided feedback to be helpful in daily social interactions.

Conclusions

This study provides insights towards the development of a VR job interview simulation and feedback framework that can enable solo situational practice of gaze and common interview questions.

背景自闭症患者通常会求职，但只有一小部分人进入了劳动力市场。方法为了通过一个单独的情景练习工具来帮助减轻这种不利因素，我们提出了一个由基于虚拟现实（VR）的求职面试模拟和辅导部分组成的框架。通过数据可视化、视频建模和目标行为的 VR 角色扮演，辅导支持可以通过可自我交付的练习方式完成。与两名自闭症设计伙伴进行的参与式设计会议对于共同创造反馈方法、使其更易于理解并包括积极的强化措施非常重要。其中 11 人接受了凝视分析和支持阶段，并参加了第二次 VR 模拟课程。初步结果是积极的，因为参与者在平均目光接触持续时间、平均无目光接触时间、倾听时和发言时目光接触的百分比等方面的得分普遍接近非自闭症参考数据集的相应中值。在第二次反馈会后和两个月后，我们对参与者进行了有关该工具实用性的调查。所有接受调查的人都认为该工具很有用，所提供的反馈对日常社交互动很有帮助。

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引用次数: 0

Event-, time- and activity-based prospective memory in children with higher autistic traits 具有高度自闭症特征的儿童基于事件、时间和活动的前瞻性记忆

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102498

Xiao-min Su , Tian-xiao Yang , Sascha Zuber , Shuai-biao Li , Rong-man Yuan , Chen-wei Yuan , Han-xue Yang , Ya Wang , Raymond C.K. Chan

Background

School-age children rely on prospective memory (PM) to complete various tasks in the future. Previous research suggests children with autism spectrum disorders exhibit PM impairment, but whether PM impairment extends to children with higher autistic traits remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to compare PM performance in children with higher and lower autistic traits and to examine potentially differential associations to executive functions.

Method

Forty pairs of children with higher and lower autistic traits between age 6- to 12-years old completed event-, time-, and activity-based PM tasks, and two executive function tasks (i.e., inhibition and working memory). We also collected parents-rated PM abilities using the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire for Children.

Results

The two groups showed similar performance in both executive function tasks, the 3 PM tasks and parents-reported PM in daily life. In children with lower autistic traits, performance of the time-based PM task was correlated with working memory whereas it was correlated with inhibition function in children with higher autistic traits. Moreover, children with higher autistic traits exhibited a continuous reduction of time monitoring behavior across trials, leading to worse performance in the last PM trial compared with children with lower autistic traits.

Conclusion

Children with higher autistic traits showed intact executive functioning and similar PM performance as children with lower autistic traits, but they relied on different types of executive functions to complete time-based PM tasks. Moreover, children with higher autistic traits showed reduced time monitoring behavior and unstable PM performance across time.

背景学龄儿童依靠前瞻性记忆（PM）来完成未来的各种任务。以前的研究表明，自闭症谱系障碍儿童表现出前瞻性记忆障碍，但前瞻性记忆障碍是否会扩展到自闭症特征较高的儿童仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们旨在比较自闭症特质较高和较低的儿童的PM表现，并研究与执行功能的潜在差异关联。方法40对年龄在6-12岁之间的自闭症特质较高和较低的儿童完成了基于事件、时间和活动的PM任务，以及两项执行功能任务（即抑制和工作记忆）。我们还使用儿童前瞻性和回顾性记忆问卷收集了家长对自闭症儿童自闭症能力的评价。结果两组儿童在两项执行功能任务、三项自闭症儿童自闭症任务和家长对日常生活中自闭症儿童自闭症能力的评价中表现相似。在自闭症特质较低的儿童中，基于时间的 PM 任务的表现与工作记忆相关，而在自闭症特质较高的儿童中，则与抑制功能相关。此外，与自闭症特质较低的儿童相比，自闭症特质较高的儿童在各次试验中的时间监控行为持续减少，导致他们在最后一次自闭症试验中表现较差。此外，自闭症特质较高的儿童对时间的监控行为较少，在不同时间段的PM表现也不稳定。

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引用次数: 0

Functional upper-extremity movements in autism: A narrative literature review 自闭症患者的上肢功能运动：叙事性文献综述

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102489

Shanan Sun , Nicholas E. Fears , Haylie L. Miller

Background

Many autistic individuals exhibit clinically-significant motor difficulties. Previous reviews focused on overall motor ability or coordination, but with little attention paid to quantifying differences in upper extremity skills, which are critical to many activities of daily living. Our objective was to identify and evaluate the published literature on upper extremity motor skills of autistic people.

Method

We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycInfo for empirical research articles reporting functional upper extremity movement performance in autism. We included articles reporting results of primary data collection from autistic people published before July 10, 2024. Articles were identified and data were extracted and evaluated using EndNote and Microsoft Excel by a team of three authors.

Results

Our search strategy yielded 1181 unique articles. After screening these articles, the final sample included 43 empirical research articles focused on functional upper extremity movements, including pointing (n = 13), reaching to grasp (n = 18), and handwriting (n = 12) in autism. Across these skills, autistic people exhibited slower, more variable movements than their non-autistic counterparts.

Conclusions

Upper extremity movement differences in autism are likely the result of differences in motor planning and increased online monitoring of movement execution. Limitations and potential bias exist in the racial, ethnic, age, and gender diversity of available data, and in the variability of methods used to assess performance. However, the current body of literature suggests significant differences between autistic and non-autistic upper extremity movements. Slower, more variable upper extremity movements likely affect many functional difficulties experienced in autistic people’s daily lives.

背景许多自闭症患者在临床上表现出明显的运动障碍。以往的综述侧重于整体运动能力或协调性，但很少关注上肢技能差异的量化，而上肢技能对许多日常生活活动至关重要。我们在 PubMed、Scopus 和 PsycInfo 上检索了有关自闭症患者上肢功能运动表现的实证研究文章。我们收录了 2024 年 7 月 10 日之前发表的报告自闭症患者主要数据收集结果的文章。由三位作者组成的小组使用 EndNote 和 Microsoft Excel 对文章进行了识别、数据提取和评估。在对这些文章进行筛选后，最终的样本包括 43 篇实证研究文章，这些文章主要关注自闭症患者的上肢功能运动，包括指向（n = 13）、伸手抓握（n = 18）和手写（n = 12）。在这些技能中，自闭症患者的动作比非自闭症患者更慢、更多变。结论自闭症患者的上肢动作差异可能是运动规划差异和对动作执行的在线监控增加的结果。现有数据在种族、民族、年龄和性别方面的多样性，以及用于评估表现的方法的差异性，都存在局限性和潜在的偏见。不过，目前的文献表明，自闭症患者和非自闭症患者的上肢运动存在显著差异。上肢运动速度较慢、变化较大，这可能会影响自闭症患者日常生活中的许多功能障碍。

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引用次数: 0

Contrasting two types of auditory distraction in autistic and neurotypical individuals: A preregistered study 对比自闭症患者和神经畸形患者的两种听觉分心类型：一项预先登记的研究

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102493

Lejla Alikadic, Jan Philipp Röer

Attentional control (AC) allows us to concentrate on relevant information and ignore irrelevant information. The processing of irrelevant auditory information cannot be completely suppressed, however, because of the openness of the auditory system. As a result, auditory distractors have a negative effect on a variety of different cognitive tasks. Auditory distraction in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of particular importance, because of differences in AC compared to neurotypical individuals. However, a systematic, adequately powered investigation has not yet been conducted. The current pre-registered study was designed to close this empirical gap using a classic and robust empirical approach. We contrasted two types of auditory distraction in adult autistic participants with at least medium intellectual and language abilities and neurotypical participants, (1) the disruptive effect of changing distractors compared to repeated distractors (i.e., the changing-state effect), and (2) the disruptive effect of a single distractor that deviates from the previous stimulus pattern (i.e., the auditory deviant effect). The weak central coherence account predicts a more pronounced changing-state effect in autistic individuals due to superior local low-level information processing, and no differences for the auditory deviant effect. The hypothesis of predictive impairment in autism predicts no differences in the changing-state effect, and a reduced auditory deviant effect due to deficits in the formation of predictions in ASD. Our results are partly consistent and partly inconsistent with these predictions. Overall, we found that autistic and neurotypical individuals are largely similar in their susceptibility to auditory distraction.

注意力控制（AC）能让我们集中注意力于相关信息，忽略无关信息。然而，由于听觉系统的开放性，我们无法完全抑制对无关听觉信息的处理。因此，听觉干扰会对各种不同的认知任务产生负面影响。自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的听觉分心尤为重要，因为他们的听觉分心与神经畸形患者相比存在差异。然而，目前还没有进行过系统的、充分的研究。目前这项预先登记的研究旨在采用一种经典而稳健的实证方法来填补这一经验空白。我们对比了智力和语言能力至少处于中等水平的成年自闭症参与者和神经正常参与者的两种听觉分心类型：（1）与重复分心相比，变化分心的干扰效应（即变化状态效应）；（2）偏离先前刺激模式的单一分心的干扰效应（即听觉偏差效应）。弱中枢连贯性理论预测，由于自闭症患者的局部低水平信息处理能力较强，他们的变化状态效应会更明显，而听觉偏差效应则没有差异。自闭症患者预测能力受损的假说则预测变化状态效应没有差异，而听觉偏差效应则会因自闭症患者预测能力受损而减弱。我们的结果与这些预测部分一致，部分不一致。总体而言，我们发现自闭症患者和神经畸形患者对听觉干扰的易感性基本相似。

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引用次数: 0

An acceptability and feasibility investigation of a community-based motor program for autistic children with moderate and high support needs 针对有中度和高度支持需求的自闭症儿童的社区运动计划的可接受性和可行性调查

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102495

Lee Svensson , Michalis Stylianou , Jessica Hill , Stewart G. Trost , John Cairney

Background

General motor impairments are ubiquitous in Autism and are positively correlated with autism symptom severity. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a 13-week community-based motor program for autistic children with moderate and high support needs (MHS).

Method

In this exploratory single arm within-subject study, 10 autistic children with MHS, ages 4–10 years, completed a community-based motor program delivered in a one-on-one format by therapists. Feasibility was determined through recruitment, retention, attendance, enjoyment, engagement and useability of motor, physical activity (PA), and behavioural assessment tools. Thematic analysis evaluated post-intervention semi-structured parent interviews.

Results

High program attendance and retention were demonstrated, and therapists reported child engagement and enjoyment were high. Identified themes revealed parents perceived unexpected substantial positive impacts including improvements in social, motor, and behavioural outcomes. They highly valued both the program and the therapeutic relationships fostered within it. Although parents of the children with the higher support needs reported the most substantial improvements, these children were unable to score on motor assessments due to difficulties following instructions and off-task behaviours. Additionally, only four participants wore an accelerometer-based PA monitor.

Conclusions

This community-based motor program was considered feasible and acceptable by the children’s parents, and qualitative findings provided valuable insights into clinical practice for children with MHS. However, recruitment challenges and assessment tools being unfeasible for children with higher support needs led to low participant numbers. Future evaluations should explore alternative assessment measures and study designs, given the challenges associated with studying such a heterogenous and complex group.

背景一般运动障碍在自闭症中普遍存在，并且与自闭症症状的严重程度呈正相关。在这项探索性的单臂受试者内研究中，10 名患有自闭症的 4-10 岁自闭症儿童完成了由治疗师以一对一形式提供的社区运动项目。研究通过运动、体育活动（PA）和行为评估工具的招募、保留、出勤率、乐趣、参与度和可用性来确定其可行性。主题分析对干预后的半结构化家长访谈进行了评估。结果显示，项目的出勤率和保留率都很高，治疗师报告称儿童的参与度和喜爱度也很高。已确定的主题显示，家长们认为该计划带来了意想不到的实质性积极影响，包括社交、运动和行为结果的改善。他们高度评价了该项目及其中培养的治疗关系。虽然需要更多支持的儿童的家长表示他们的孩子得到了最显著的改善，但这些儿童由于难以听从指令和出现任务外行为，无法在运动评估中得分。此外，只有四名参与者佩戴了基于加速度计的 PA 监测器。结论这项基于社区的运动计划被儿童家长认为是可行且可接受的，定性研究结果为马铃薯综合症儿童的临床实践提供了宝贵的见解。然而，招募方面的挑战和评估工具对于需要更多支持的儿童来说不可行，导致参与人数较少。鉴于研究这样一个异质性复杂群体所面临的挑战，未来的评估应探索其他评估措施和研究设计。

{"title":"An acceptability and feasibility investigation of a community-based motor program for autistic children with moderate and high support needs","authors":"Lee Svensson , Michalis Stylianou , Jessica Hill , Stewart G. Trost , John Cairney","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>General motor impairments are ubiquitous in Autism and are positively correlated with autism symptom severity. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a 13-week community-based motor program for autistic children with moderate and high support needs (MHS).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this exploratory single arm within-subject study, 10 autistic children with MHS, ages 4–10 years, completed a community-based motor program delivered in a one-on-one format by therapists. Feasibility was determined through recruitment, retention, attendance, enjoyment, engagement and useability of motor, physical activity (PA), and behavioural assessment tools. Thematic analysis evaluated post-intervention semi-structured parent interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High program attendance and retention were demonstrated, and therapists reported child engagement and enjoyment were high. Identified themes revealed parents perceived unexpected substantial positive impacts including improvements in social, motor, and behavioural outcomes. They highly valued both the program and the therapeutic relationships fostered within it. Although parents of the children with the higher support needs reported the most substantial improvements, these children were unable to score on motor assessments due to difficulties following instructions and off-task behaviours. Additionally, only four participants wore an accelerometer-based PA monitor.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This community-based motor program was considered feasible and acceptable by the children’s parents, and qualitative findings provided valuable insights into clinical practice for children with MHS. However, recruitment challenges and assessment tools being unfeasible for children with higher support needs led to low participant numbers. Future evaluations should explore alternative assessment measures and study designs, given the challenges associated with studying such a heterogenous and complex group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 102495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical and functional characteristics of co-occurring cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorder among children and young adults 儿童和青少年同时患有脑瘫和自闭症谱系障碍的临床和功能特征

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102490

Myriam Casseus , Hannah A. Shoval , Abby J. Erasmus , JenFu Cheng

Background

To examine clinical and functional factors associated with co-occurring cerebral palsy (CP) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods

Data were collected from the electronic health records of 994 patients with CP aged 3 to 26 years (59 % males) who received services from a U.S. hospital system between January 1, 2016 and July 1, 2021. CP, ASD, and other co-occurring conditions were abstracted using International Classification of Diseases - 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes, diagnostic summaries, and clinical descriptions. Bivariate and adjusted multivariable analyses examined the association between ASD, CP type, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, speech or language disorders, and mental or behavioral problems.

Results

Prevalence of ASD was 8.2 % among patients with CP. Patients with GMFCS levels III-V were less likely to have a diagnosis of ASD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.21; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.11–0.41). However, speech or language disorders (AOR = 6.00; 95 % CI, 2.14–16.81) and mental or behavioral problems (AOR =8.79; 95 % CI, 4.99–15.49) were associated with significantly higher odds of ASD.

Conclusions

Children and young adults with co-occurring CP and ASD have higher prevalence of clinical and functional impairments compared with counterparts with CP without co-occurring ASD. Screening for both conditions is necessary because of the high prevalence of ASD in this population. It is also necessary to implement specialized assessment procedures to decrease the risk of misclassifying or overlooking ASD among children and young adults with CP.

背景为了研究与脑性瘫痪（CP）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）并发症相关的临床和功能因素，我们从 2016 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 7 月 1 日期间接受美国一家医院系统服务的 3 至 26 岁的 994 名 CP 患者（59% 为男性）的电子病历中收集了数据。使用《国际疾病分类-第 10 次修订》（ICD-10）代码、诊断摘要和临床描述对 CP、ASD 和其他并发症进行了摘要分析。双变量分析和调整后的多变量分析检验了ASD、CP类型、粗大运动功能分类系统（GMFCS）水平、言语或语言障碍以及精神或行为问题之间的关联。GMFCS等级为III-V级的患者被诊断为ASD的几率较低（调整后的几率比[AOR]=0.21；95%置信区间[CI]，0.11-0.41）。然而，言语或语言障碍（AOR = 6.00；95 % CI，2.14-16.81）和精神或行为问题（AOR =8.79；95 % CI，4.99-15.49）与 ASD 的相关几率显著较高。由于该人群中 ASD 的发病率较高，因此有必要对这两种情况进行筛查。此外，还有必要实施专门的评估程序，以降低误诊或忽视患有 CP 的儿童和青少年 ASD 的风险。

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引用次数: 0

"Everyone should at least get a Kia": Policymaker perspectives on equity of Medicaid among transition age autistic youth "每个人至少都应该有一辆起亚"：决策者对过渡年龄自闭症青少年医疗补助公平性的看法

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102482

Kaitlin H. Koffer Miller , Dylan S. Cooper , Sha Tao , David S. Mandell , Robert I. Field , Lindsay L. Shea

Background

This study examined the challenges faced by transition age autistic youth in accessing Medicaid services, considering the historical focus on children in autism research and services. The study aimed to explore Medicaid enrollment and support for this population.

Method

The study involved Medicaid and Protection & Advocacy (P&A) representatives from states with varying performance levels in eligibility, access, and service use. Discussions with experts focused on waivers, Early, Periodic, Screening, Detection, and Treatment (EPSDT), and barriers to service access.

Results

The findings highlighted the need to improve service access for transition age autistic youth. States identified the importance of maximizing EPDST utilization before aging out of childhood systems and pursuing waiver enrollment. These insights emphasized the significance of addressing service gaps during the transition to adulthood.

Conclusions

The study's implications for practice are substantial. Policymakers and service providers must acknowledge the limitedservice access for autistic individuals as they transition from child systems. The study emphasized the value of strategies like maximizing EPDST utilization and pursuing waivers to ensure ongoing support for autistic youth during their transition to adulthood. By addressing these challenges, practitioners can better meet the needs of transition age autistic individuals and facilitate their access to essential services.

背景考虑到自闭症研究和服务历来关注儿童，本研究探讨了过渡年龄自闭症青少年在获得医疗补助服务方面面临的挑战。该研究旨在探讨医疗补助计划对这一人群的注册和支持。研究方法该研究由来自各州的医疗补助计划和保护与倡导（P&A）代表参与，各州在资格、获取和服务使用方面的表现水平各不相同。与专家的讨论主要集中在豁免、早期、定期、筛查、检测和治疗 (EPSDT) 以及获得服务的障碍等方面。各州指出了在脱离儿童系统和申请豁免之前最大限度地利用 EPDST 的重要性。这些见解强调了在向成年过渡期间解决服务缺口问题的重要性。政策制定者和服务提供者必须认识到，自闭症患者在从儿童系统过渡时获得的服务有限。研究强调了最大限度地利用 EPDST 和申请豁免等策略的价值，以确保在自闭症青少年向成年过渡期间为他们提供持续支持。通过应对这些挑战，从业人员可以更好地满足过渡年龄自闭症患者的需求，并帮助他们获得必要的服务。

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引用次数: 0

A systematic review and meta-analysis of mental health outcomes associated with camouflaging in autistic people 与自闭症患者伪装相关的心理健康结果的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102492

Valeria Khudiakova, Emmeline Russell, Sophie Sowden-Carvalho, Andrew D.R. Surtees

Background

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the strength and quality of the evidence for the relationship between camouflaging and its potential outcomes in autistic people. With the worryingly high proportions of autistic people experiencing mental illness and suicidality, it is important to understand whether camouflaging is a risk factor in that population.

Methods

Searches of five databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses) yielded 16 studies eligible for a meta-analysis using correlations and six additional studies eligible for a narrative review, with 5897 autistic participants in total. Risk of bias was assessed for all studies using a bespoke tool. Based on the 16 studies eligible for the meta-analysis, we computed meta-correlations between camouflaging and anxiety, depression, social anxiety, and psychological wellbeing, using a random-effects model. Meta-regressions examined if study effect sizes were moderated by study quality, participants’ mean age, and proportions of female and clinically diagnosed participants. Results:

We found significant moderate positive relationships between camouflaging and anxiety/generalised anxiety, depression, and social anxiety and a significant small negative relationship between camouflaging and mental wellbeing. There was no significant moderating effect of the aforementioned variables on study effect sizes.

Discussion

All of the studies were underpowered to detect small effects, and many used insufficiently validated measures. The established link between camouflaging and mental health difficulties is discussed with reference to future research and clinical practice. Longitudinal studies should also aim to establish causality.

Other

There was no funding associated with this review. The researchers have no conflicts of interest to disclose. The review was preregistered on PROSPERO (REDACTED FOR ANONYMISED PEER REVIEW).

背景本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估伪装与自闭症患者潜在后果之间关系的证据强度和质量。方法通过对五个数据库（Web of Science、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、Embase、ProQuest Dissertations & Theses）的检索，发现有16项研究符合利用相关性进行荟萃分析的条件，另有6项研究符合进行叙述性综述的条件，共有5897名自闭症患者参与了这些研究。使用定制工具对所有研究的偏倚风险进行了评估。根据符合荟萃分析条件的 16 项研究，我们使用随机效应模型计算了伪装与焦虑、抑郁、社交焦虑和心理健康之间的荟萃相关性。元回归分析了研究效应大小是否受研究质量、参与者平均年龄、女性参与者比例和临床诊断参与者比例的影响。结果：我们发现伪装与焦虑/广泛性焦虑、抑郁和社交焦虑之间存在明显的中度正相关关系，而伪装与心理健康之间存在明显的小幅负相关关系。讨论：所有研究的研究力量都不足，无法检测到微小的影响，而且许多研究使用的测量方法未经充分验证。本文讨论了伪装与心理健康困难之间的既定联系，并对未来的研究和临床实践提供了参考。纵向研究也应以确定因果关系为目标。研究人员没有需要披露的利益冲突。本综述已在 PROSPERO（匿名同行评议）上预先注册。

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引用次数: 0

Brief report: Sensory atypicality in mothers and fathers of individuals on the autism spectrum and its relationship with emotional distress 简要报告：自闭症谱系中个体的母亲和父亲的感官异常及其与情绪困扰的关系

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102491

Carmen Nieto , Helena Gandía-Abellán , Ruth Campos , Pastora Martínez-Castilla , Beatriz Cavero-Olivera , Margarita Quesada-Zeljkovic , María Verde-Cagiao

Background

This study investigated the prevalence of sensory atypicalities of mothers and fathers of individuals with Autism and explored the relationship between levels of emotional distress (parental distress, anxiety, and depression) and sensory processing patterns. There is limited evidence connecting these variables, and research in this area remains scarce.

Method

251 parents participated in the study. 170 parents of individuals with Autism completed questionnaires on sensory experiences, parental distress, anxiety, and depression. A control group of 81 parents of individuals with typical development completed the sensory questionnaire. The relationship between sensory atypicality and emotional distress was examined only in the Autism group.

Results

Mothers and fathers of individuals with Autism showed a higher prevalence of sensory atypicality, especially in hyposensitive patterns. Relationships were found between specific sensory patterns and the levels of emotional distress. The hypo-reactive and hyposensitive quadrant, 'Low Registration', displayed significant predictive capacity for both anxiety and depression, while 'Sensory Sensitivity' was predominantly related to parental distress.

Conclusions

Awareness of specific sensory patterns could facilitate the identification of those potentially vulnerable to experiencing anxiety, depression, or parental distress.

背景本研究调查了自闭症患者的母亲和父亲感官不典型性的普遍程度，并探讨了情绪困扰水平（父母的困扰、焦虑和抑郁）与感官处理模式之间的关系。将这些变量联系起来的证据有限，而且这方面的研究仍然很少。170名自闭症患者的家长填写了有关感官体验、家长苦恼、焦虑和抑郁的问卷。由 81 名典型发育患者家长组成的对照组完成了感官问卷。结果显示，自闭症患者的母亲和父亲感觉不典型的发生率较高，尤其是低敏感模式。特定感觉模式与情绪困扰程度之间存在关系。低反应和低敏感象限 "低登记 "对焦虑和抑郁都有显著的预测能力，而 "感觉敏感 "则主要与父母的困扰有关。

{"title":"Brief report: Sensory atypicality in mothers and fathers of individuals on the autism spectrum and its relationship with emotional distress","authors":"Carmen Nieto , Helena Gandía-Abellán , Ruth Campos , Pastora Martínez-Castilla , Beatriz Cavero-Olivera , Margarita Quesada-Zeljkovic , María Verde-Cagiao","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated the prevalence of sensory atypicalities of mothers and fathers of individuals with Autism and explored the relationship between levels of emotional distress (parental distress, anxiety, and depression) and sensory processing patterns. There is limited evidence connecting these variables, and research in this area remains scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>251 parents participated in the study. 170 parents of individuals with Autism completed questionnaires on sensory experiences, parental distress, anxiety, and depression. A control group of 81 parents of individuals with typical development completed the sensory questionnaire. The relationship between sensory atypicality and emotional distress was examined only in the Autism group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mothers and fathers of individuals with Autism showed a higher prevalence of sensory atypicality, especially in hyposensitive patterns. Relationships were found between specific sensory patterns and the levels of emotional distress. The hypo-reactive and hyposensitive quadrant, 'Low Registration', displayed significant predictive capacity for both anxiety and depression, while 'Sensory Sensitivity' was predominantly related to parental distress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Awareness of specific sensory patterns could facilitate the identification of those potentially vulnerable to experiencing anxiety, depression, or parental distress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 102491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brief report: A confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Behavior Checklist in a large sample of autistic youth 简要报告：对自闭症青少年大样本中的儿童行为检查表进行确认性因素分析

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102487

Laura de la Roche , Brianne Derby , Molly Pascoe , Melissa Susko , Sabrina Lutchmeah , Jessica Jones , Stelios Georgiades , Rob Nicolson , Evdokia Anagnostou , Elizabeth Kelley

Background

Autistic youth often experience co-occurring psychiatric conditions. Checklist measures such as the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) can assist clinicians and researchers in assessing the symptom profiles of such conditions. Symptom profiles often overlap between autism and cooccurring psychiatric conditions (e.g., depression) in which the same symptoms occur in both. Previous research investigating the validity of the CBCL in autistic populations using factor structure has been mixed.

Method

Seven-hundred-and-fourteen autistic youth (293 females) aged 6–18 years (M = 11.25, SD = 3.29) participated. A confirmatory factor analysis of the 8-factor CBCL-6–18 was completed.

Results

Results suggest a poor model fit in autistic samples of the widely used eight-scale factor structure.

Conclusions

This model may not fit this sample due to the overlap of symptomatology autism has with other psychiatric condition profiles (e.g., communication and behaviors). Future research and implications, including an exploratory factor analysis on the CBCL/6–18 for autistic populations, are discussed.

背景患有自闭症的青少年经常会同时患有精神疾病。儿童行为核对表（CBCL）等核对表测量方法可以帮助临床医生和研究人员评估这类疾病的症状特征。自闭症和并发精神疾病（如抑郁症）之间的症状特征通常会重叠，即两者都会出现相同的症状。以前利用因子结构调查 CBCL 在自闭症人群中有效性的研究结果不一。结论由于自闭症与其他精神疾病（如沟通和行为）的症状重叠，该模型可能不适合该样本。本文讨论了未来的研究和影响，包括针对自闭症人群对 CBCL/6-18 进行探索性因子分析。

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引用次数: 0