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Examining stakeholder reactions to corporate social irresponsibility: Evidence from social media 审视利益相关者对企业社会不负责任的反应:来自社交媒体的证据
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.11.001
Charles H. Cho , Ewelina Zarzycka , Chaoyuan She , Dorota Dobija , Joanna Krasodomska , Joel Bothello
What corporate behaviors are perceived as irresponsible by different stakeholders? How do such stakeholders react once they perceive irresponsibility? Using the literature on corporate social irresponsibility (CSiR), stakeholder theory and attribution theory, we examined a database of 100 000 social media posts on Twitter/X about Nestlé and H&M in the period 2015–2016. We found that the behavior of these two companies was perceived as irresponsible insofar as it caused direct harm to different stakeholder groups (stakeowners, stakeseekers, stakekeepers and stakewatchers). However, while stakeowners and stakeseekers were more likely to voice their concerns, they tended to voice their concerns only once. In contrast, stakewatchers and stakekeepers were more persistent in voicing concerns. In terms of goals, stakeowners and stakekeepers were more likely to advocate for information dissemination and community building than stakewatchers and stakeseekers, who were more likely to call for action. Our study therefore contributes to the CSiR and stakeholder engagement literature by illustrating how different stakeholder groups use social media to engage with firms perceived as irresponsible.
哪些公司行为被不同的利益相关者认为是不负责任的?一旦这些利益相关者意识到不负责任,他们会作何反应?利用企业社会不负责任(CSiR)、利益相关者理论和归因理论的文献,我们研究了一个数据库,其中包含2015-2016年期间Twitter/X上关于雀巢和h&m的10万篇社交媒体帖子。我们发现,这两家公司的行为被认为是不负责任的,因为它对不同的利益相关者群体(利益相关者,利益相关者,利益相关者和利益相关者观察者)造成了直接伤害。然而,尽管利益相关者和寻求利益相关者更有可能表达他们的担忧,但他们往往只表达一次担忧。相比之下,利益相关者和利益相关者更坚持表达他们的担忧。在目标方面,利益相关者和利益攸关者比利益攸关者和利益攸关者更倾向于倡导信息传播和社区建设,利益攸关者和利益攸关者更倾向于呼吁采取行动。因此,我们的研究通过说明不同的利益相关者群体如何使用社交媒体与被认为不负责任的公司进行接触,为CSiR和利益相关者参与文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Behavioral strategy in evolution: A review and conceptual framework 进化中的行为策略:回顾与概念框架
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.10.002
Matteo Cristofaro , Mie Augier , Dan Lovallo , Gianpaolo Abatecola , Luna Leoni
Behavioral strategy integrates psychology with strategic management theory and practice, offering realistic insights into human cognition, emotions, and social behavior in strategic management. Yet behavioral strategy's antecedents, mechanisms, consequences, and moderators and their interconnectedness and future directions remain unclear. We explore this field's development and current state based on a systematic literature review of 241 articles. We develop a conceptual framework using a coevolutionary perspective and a socially situated cognition approach, which captures essential behavioral strategy elements and dynamics. We advance the field by emphasizing multilevel coevolving dynamics and the interplay of cognition and emotions in shaping strategic behavior. Furthermore, our framework situates cognition within social contexts. We propose an expanded research agenda for the field that highlights artificial intelligence's potential role in enhancing behavioral strategy and the connection between heuristics and nudge frameworks.
行为战略将心理学与战略管理理论和实践相结合,对战略管理中人的认知、情绪和社会行为提供了现实的见解。然而,行为策略的前因、机制、后果、调节因素及其相互联系和未来方向仍不清楚。我们通过对241篇文献的系统回顾,探讨了该领域的发展和现状。我们开发了一个概念框架,使用共同进化的观点和社会情境认知方法,捕捉基本的行为策略元素和动态。我们通过强调多层次的共同进化动力学以及认知和情感在塑造战略行为中的相互作用来推进该领域。此外,我们的框架将认知置于社会背景中。我们提出了一个扩展的研究议程,强调人工智能在增强行为策略以及启发式和助推框架之间的联系方面的潜在作用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the moderating effect of family communication patterns on the family CEO characteristics – family firm internationalization relationship 探讨家族沟通模式对家族CEO特征-家族企业国际化关系的调节作用
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.10.007
Hannah Verleye, Frank Lambrechts, Wim Voordeckers, Ine Umans
This article explores the impact of family CEO characteristics on internationalization and how this relationship is moderated by family communication patterns. Drawing on family communication patterns theory, which states that family communication varies across two dimensions, i.e., family conversation orientation and family conformity orientation, we argue that early family communication shapes family CEOs’ behavior in later life and moderates the effect of family CEO characteristics on internationalization. Our results from a sample of 182 Belgian private family firms (FFs) show that family CEO education has a positive effect on the internationalization of FFs, but this effect decreases as the family conformity orientation increases. These findings make unprecedented and interesting contributions to upper echelon and family business research.
本文探讨家族CEO特征对国际化的影响,以及家族沟通模式如何调节这种关系。根据家族沟通模式理论,家族沟通在家庭对话导向和家庭从从性导向两个维度上存在差异,我们认为家族早期沟通塑造了家族CEO晚年的行为,并调节了家族CEO特征对国际化的影响。我们对比利时182家私营家族企业(FFs)样本的研究结果表明,家族CEO教育对FFs的国际化有积极影响,但这种影响随着家族整合取向的增加而减弱。这些发现对上层企业和家族企业的研究做出了前所未有的有趣贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualizing inclusive marketing: A synthesis of theory and practice 概念化包容性营销:理论与实践的综合
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.09.008
Cecilia Grieco
Fostering inclusion is a currently popular marketing imperative to which firms, policies, and individuals are giving increasing attention. Various brands are striving to join this trend in multiple ways, producing a wide and differentiated range of actions that could lead them to be defined as inclusive. There is also a surge of interest in recent literature. However, this literature does not produce a general understanding of the phenomenon and mostly focuses on one facet of diversity or one marketing mix element. The result is fragmentation of literature conceptualization and management operationalization. Based on this scenario, the objective of this paper is to propose a taxonomy for inclusive marketing (IM) actions, using a hybrid approach based on the integration of theory and practice. In particular, a deductive literature review led to the identification of four dimensions of IM: the audience, the purpose, the vehicle, the output, as well as their related characteristics. These elements have then been validated and confirmed through an inductive empirical study of 88 examples of IM initiatives. From the theoretical perspective, the taxonomy allows to systematize a field of research that has recently blooming yet is lacking a holistic approach. Moreover, basing on the identified dimensions and characteristics, a more detailed definition of IM has been proposed. From the managerial perspective, the elements of the taxonomy have been the base for the development of a roadmap that could support practitioners finetuning their IM strategies.
促进包容性是当前流行的营销当务之急,公司、政策和个人都越来越重视这一点。各种品牌都在努力以多种方式加入这一趋势,采取广泛而差异化的行动,从而被定义为包容性。人们对近期文学作品的兴趣也激增。然而,这些文献并没有产生对这种现象的一般理解,而主要集中在多样性的一个方面或一个营销组合元素。其结果是文学概念化和管理操作化的碎片化。基于这种情况下,本文的目标是提出一个分类的包容性营销(IM)行动,使用基于理论和实践相结合的混合方法。特别是,通过对文献的演绎回顾,我们发现了即时通信的四个维度:受众、目的、载体、输出,以及它们的相关特征。然后,通过对88个IM倡议实例的归纳实证研究,验证和确认了这些要素。从理论的角度来看,分类学允许系统的研究领域,最近开花,但缺乏一个整体的方法。在此基础上,提出了更详细的信息管理定义。从管理的角度来看,分类法的元素是开发路线图的基础,该路线图可以支持从业者调整他们的IM策略。
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引用次数: 0
Extending careers with purpose? An exploration of the benefits of skill-based volunteering programs for aging employees 有目的地延长职业生涯?探讨高龄员工以技能为基础的志愿服务计划的好处
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2025.08.001
Emmanuelle Garbe , Philippe Lebriez
As careers extend into later life due to demographic shifts, consideration for career management for aging employees has emerged as a pressing societal challenge. This study explores the potential of skill-based volunteering programs as a promising approach to address this issue. Based on a qualitative study including insights from aging employees, company managers and a nonprofit representative, the article positions these programs as a valuable way to foster career continuity while encouraging socially meaningful engagement. It highlights the benefits for all parties involved and concludes with practical recommendations to support the development of such programs and create shared value for employees, companies, and nonprofit organizations.
由于人口结构的变化,职业生涯延长到晚年,考虑老年员工的职业管理已经成为一个紧迫的社会挑战。本研究探讨了以技能为基础的志愿服务项目作为解决这一问题的有希望的方法的潜力。基于一项定性研究,包括来自老年员工、公司经理和非营利组织代表的见解,文章将这些项目定位为促进职业连续性的有价值的方式,同时鼓励有社会意义的参与。它强调了所有相关方的利益,并总结了一些实用的建议,以支持此类项目的发展,为员工、公司和非营利组织创造共享价值。
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引用次数: 0
Subsidiary strategy and importance of standards: An institutional development of the integration-responsiveness framework 辅助策略和标准的重要性:整合-响应框架的制度发展
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.10.001
Knut Blind , Sarah Margaretha Jastram , Jo-Ann Müller
According to the integration–responsiveness framework, subsidiaries of multinational enterprises (MNEs) are assigned different strategic roles depending on the business environments they operate in. MNEs are classified as multinational, international, transnational, and global firms. Although standards are crucial for both export performance and Foreign Direct Investment, there is no scientific knowledge on how different types of standards interrelate with MNE strategies. Derived from the review of the limited literature on the role of different types of standards for different MNEs subsidiary strategies, we take an institutional theory perspective and position different types of standards within the integration–responsiveness framework. Based on data collected within the German Standardization Panel, cluster analysis is performed confirming that MNEs’ subsidiary strategies can be grouped according to the importance of formal and company standards. While conformity with national formal standards is necessary to meet pressure for local responsiveness, the application of international standards provides firms with access to global markets. Company standards and management system standards are important to transnational firms to achieve efficiency gains and improve bargaining positions. We compare the export intensity of MNEs with different subsidiary strategies to validate our clustering. In addition, different motives for applying different types of standards confirm our conceptual positioning.
根据整合-响应框架,跨国企业(MNEs)的子公司根据其所处的商业环境被赋予不同的战略角色。跨国公司分为跨国公司、国际公司、跨国公司和全球公司。尽管标准对出口绩效和外国直接投资都至关重要,但对于不同类型的标准如何与跨国公司战略相互关联,尚无科学知识。在对有限的关于不同类型标准对不同跨国公司子公司战略作用的文献进行回顾的基础上,我们从制度理论的角度出发,将不同类型的标准置于整合-响应框架中。根据德国标准化委员会收集的数据,进行聚类分析,确认跨国公司的子公司战略可以根据正式标准和公司标准的重要性进行分组。虽然必须符合国家正式标准,以应付要求当地作出反应的压力,但应用国际标准则为公司提供进入全球市场的机会。公司标准和管理体系标准对跨国公司提高效率和提高议价地位非常重要。我们比较了采用不同子公司策略的跨国公司的出口强度来验证我们的聚类。此外,应用不同类型标准的不同动机也证实了我们的概念定位。
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引用次数: 0
Nurturing ideas, cultivating reviewers: The C.E.D.A.R. tree of generative peer review 培养想法,培养审稿人:C.E.D.A.R.生成式同行评审树
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2025.10.011
Matteo Cristofaro , Valérie Duplat
This editorial advocates a generative perspective on the peer review of manuscripts in management and organization research. It argues that reviewing should grow from shared values (the soil) that ground a journals' intellectual missions, take form through consistent scholarly practices (the roots), and yield developmental outcomes for the academic community (the fruits). Drawing on the European Management Journal's values of critical inquiry, pluralism, and accessibility, we introduce the C.E.D.A.R. tree of generative peer review, a metaphor and framework that connects values, practices, and outcomes. The five roots - namely, Curiosity, Empathy, Developmental judgment, Actionable guidance, and Reflexive reflection - translate this ethos into teachable habits. The fruits - generative peer reviews, inclusive scholarship, author growth, generative reviewers, and scholarly mentorship within a sustainable scholarly ecosystem - embody the enduring outcomes of such reviewing. Together, these elements reframe peer review as a living, developmental system and an expression of scholarly citizenship that nurtures both ideas and communities of practice.
这篇社论提倡对管理和组织研究的手稿进行同行评审的生成性观点。它认为,审稿应该从共同的价值观(土壤)中成长,这些价值观是期刊智力使命的基础,通过一致的学术实践(根)形成,并为学术界带来发展成果(果实)。借鉴《欧洲管理杂志》的批判性探究、多元化和可及性的价值观,我们介绍了C.E.D.A.R.生成式同行评议树,这是一个连接价值观、实践和结果的隐喻和框架。好奇心、同理心、发展性判断、可操作性指导和反身性反思这五个基本原则将这种精神转化为可教的习惯。其成果——产生性同行评议、包容性奖学金、作者成长、产生性审稿人和可持续学术生态系统中的学术指导——体现了这种评议的持久成果。总之,这些因素将同行评议重新定义为一个有生命的、发展的系统,以及一种学术公民的表达,它既培养了思想,也培养了实践社区。
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引用次数: 0
When affective commitment leads to viability: The role of trust as a mediator and virtuality as a moderator 当情感承诺导致生存能力:信任作为中介和虚拟作为调节的作用
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.10.005
Karma Lhaden , Isabel D. Dimas , Teresa Rebelo , Paulo R. Lourenço , Marta P. Alves
This study investigates the relationship between affective commitment and team viability, considering team cognitive and affective trust as mediators and the team's level of virtuality as a moderator. A survey-based study was conducted with 177 Portuguese work teams from several companies, and hypotheses were tested through partial least structure equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Our results reveal no statistical evidence of a direct positive association between affective commitment and viability but a significant indirect relationship through cognitive trust. This result highlights the critical role of cognitive trust in promoting viability. Moreover, our findings reveal that virtuality negatively moderates the relationship between affective trust and viability. Although affective trust is positive for viability when virtuality is low, it becomes detrimental when teams present high levels of virtuality. For practice, our results suggest the importance of promoting cognitive trust among teams and the need to be mindful regarding the level of virtuality because it may impact how trust influences team outcomes.
本研究考察了情感承诺与团队生存能力之间的关系,认为团队认知和情感信任是中介,团队虚拟程度是中介。一项基于调查的研究对来自几家公司的177个葡萄牙工作团队进行了调查,并通过偏最小结构方程模型(PLS-SEM)对假设进行了检验。我们的研究结果显示,情感承诺和生存能力之间没有直接的正相关的统计证据,但通过认知信任存在显著的间接关系。这一结果突出了认知信任在促进生存能力方面的关键作用。此外,我们的研究结果表明,虚拟性负向调节情感信任和生存能力之间的关系。尽管情感信任在虚拟度低时对生存能力是积极的,但当团队呈现高虚拟度时,它就会变得有害。在实践中,我们的结果表明促进团队之间认知信任的重要性,以及需要注意虚拟程度,因为它可能会影响信任对团队结果的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the environmental, economic, and social implications of metaverse adoption in business and management 探索在商业和管理中采用元数据对环境、经济和社会的影响
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.09.007
Vincenzo Varriale, Antonello Cammarano, Francesca Michelino, Mauro Caputo
Recently, Metaverse has received increasing attention from both the business and academic worlds. However, its actual use in business and management is still confusing and limited. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the environmental, economic, and social implications of the adoption of this technology within organizations. In addition, enabling technologies to Metaverse and business contexts in which the platform can be applied are identified. First, this study applies a systematic literature review (SLR) to investigate the use of Metaverse in business and management. Secondly, a content and cluster analysis were applied to the final sample of 656 articles to identify the Metaverse's primary research areas and future research directions. The results reveal that Metaverse has mainly social and economic implications such as enhancing collaboration, increasing accessibility, facilitating training, and encouraging productivity and profitability for companies. The major concerns for its implementation are privacy, security, user health, inclusiveness in access, implementation costs, and lack of regulation. Moreover, the application of content and cluster analysis techniques intercepted eight primary research areas defined as user experience, optimization, research method, educational change, business opportunities, security systems, enabling technologies, and healthcare. The article provides valuable insights to support management decision-making when considering the adoption of this technology in specific business contexts. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first SLRs on Metaverse in the business and management field that classifies the opportunities, barriers, complementary technologies, and business functions and processes in which the platform can potentially be applied.
最近,Metaverse受到了商界和学术界越来越多的关注。然而,它在商业和管理中的实际应用仍然是混乱和有限的。本研究旨在全面概述组织内采用该技术对环境、经济和社会的影响。此外,还确定了支持Metaverse的技术和可以应用该平台的业务上下文。首先,本研究采用系统文献回顾法(SLR)来调查虚拟世界在商业和管理中的使用情况。其次,对656篇文章的最终样本进行了内容分析和聚类分析,确定了元宇宙的主要研究领域和未来的研究方向。结果表明,Metaverse主要具有社会和经济意义,如加强协作、增加可及性、促进培训、鼓励公司的生产力和盈利能力。其实施的主要问题是隐私、安全、用户健康、访问的包容性、实施成本和缺乏监管。此外,内容和聚类分析技术的应用拦截了八个主要研究领域,即用户体验、优化、研究方法、教育变革、商业机会、安全系统、使能技术和医疗保健。本文提供了有价值的见解,可以在考虑在特定业务上下文中采用该技术时支持管理决策。据作者所知,这是业务和管理领域关于Metaverse的第一批slr之一,它对平台可能应用的机会、障碍、互补技术以及业务功能和流程进行了分类。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of primary care services operational resilience by patients: Implications for COVID-19 recovery 初级保健服务患者业务弹性评估:对COVID-19恢复的影响
IF 7.3 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2024.10.008
Ying Xie , Liz Breen , Andy Oakey , Ozlem Bak , Tom Cherrett
While the National Health Service of the United Kingdom recovers from COVID-19, it's crucial to assess the impact of the dynamic capabilities within its healthcare services to ensure future public health protection. This study adopts mixed methods of literature review and surveys. Survey findings reveal that agility, flexibility, and building redundancy proved instrumental in reconfiguring resource foundations swiftly and fostering new partnerships. These actions were essential for sustaining service quality and efficiency. The analysis recommends that patients and healthcare professionals should co-design a technology-driven primary care service provision that is person-centric and digitally inclusive. Furthermore, primary care service stakeholders should develop targeted collaborations, and workforce development should be a priority to increase medical reserve in the healthcare system. This research provides empirical evidence, enabling the National Health Service to persist in enhancing dynamic capabilities and reinforcing resilience for anticipated and unforeseen future challenges.
在英国国家卫生服务体系从COVID-19中恢复的同时,评估其医疗保健服务内部动态能力的影响,以确保未来的公共卫生保护至关重要。本研究采用文献综述与问卷调查相结合的研究方法。调查结果显示,敏捷性、灵活性和构建冗余被证明有助于迅速重新配置资源基础和培育新的伙伴关系。这些行动对于维持服务质量和效率至关重要。该分析建议,患者和医疗保健专业人员应共同设计技术驱动的初级保健服务,以人为本,并具有数字包容性。此外,初级保健服务的利益相关者应该发展有针对性的合作,劳动力的发展应该是一个优先事项,以增加医疗保健系统的医疗储备。这项研究提供了经验证据,使国家卫生服务能够坚持提高动态能力,加强应对可预见和不可预见的未来挑战的弹性。
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引用次数: 0
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