Current Anthropology, Volume 65, Issue 2, Page 391-392, April 2024.
当代人类学》，第 65 卷，第 2 期，第 391-392 页，2024 年 4 月。
{"title":"Juries and Prosecutors in an Era of Mass Incarceration","authors":"Richard Ashby Wilson","doi":"10.1086/729663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729663","url":null,"abstract":"Current Anthropology, Volume 65, Issue 2, Page 391-392, April 2024. <br/>","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140643217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drawn from research conducted with the families of child victims of a terrorist attack (on Army Public School) in Pakistan, this paper examines how these victim families make sense of contingencies of loss, suffering, and victimhood in their struggle for equal compensation and benefits of care and compassion. Compensating lives in warfare has not received attention in the discussion on the social life of militarism in anthropology. Monetary compensation and benefits of care have fueled modern military conflicts and effective preparation for them, mobilized civilian populations, and justified civilian deaths as collateral loss. This paper suggests that attention to differential grievability of life and restitution shows how biopolitical modes of inclusion and exclusion define citizenship. If militarization pervades the social life of modern states, a study of the politics of compassion and compensation and of the psychic violence of the pecuniary value of human life shows how victims of war do not remain passive subjects but challenge disparity in values accorded to their lives. Uneven compensation of lives lost in war and the masking of this unevenness in the language of debt and willing sacrifice also reflect an unequal citizenship in life, however, providing a way to demand care and justice and disrupting the monetization of life.
{"title":"Uneven Counting","authors":"Salman Hussain","doi":"10.1086/729570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729570","url":null,"abstract":"Drawn from research conducted with the families of child victims of a terrorist attack (on Army Public School) in Pakistan, this paper examines how these victim families make sense of contingencies of loss, suffering, and victimhood in their struggle for equal compensation and benefits of care and compassion. Compensating lives in warfare has not received attention in the discussion on the social life of militarism in anthropology. Monetary compensation and benefits of care have fueled modern military conflicts and effective preparation for them, mobilized civilian populations, and justified civilian deaths as collateral loss. This paper suggests that attention to differential grievability of life and restitution shows how biopolitical modes of inclusion and exclusion define citizenship. If militarization pervades the social life of modern states, a study of the politics of compassion and compensation and of the psychic violence of the pecuniary value of human life shows how victims of war do not remain passive subjects but challenge disparity in values accorded to their lives. Uneven compensation of lives lost in war and the masking of this unevenness in the language of debt and willing sacrifice also reflect an unequal citizenship in life, however, providing a way to demand care and justice and disrupting the monetization of life.","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140538966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Criminals to Slaves","authors":"Insa Lee Koch","doi":"10.1086/729537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729537","url":null,"abstract":"Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print. <br/>","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140533204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Material Creativity of Affective Artifacts in the Dutch Colonial World","authors":"Stefan Hanß","doi":"10.1086/729605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729605","url":null,"abstract":"Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print. <br/>","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140533190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
7 Ritual protocols aimed at rainmaking have been a recurrent sociocultural phenomenon across 8 societies and throughout history. Given the fact that such protocols were likely entirely 9 ineffective, why did such they repeatedly emerge and persist, sometimes over millennia even in 10 populations with writing and record keeping? To address this puzzle, many scholars have argued 11 that these protocols were not instrumental at all, and that their practitioners were not really 12 endeavoring to employ them in order to bring about rain. Here, taking advantage of the wealth of 13 historical records available in China, we argue to the contrary: that rainmaking is best viewed as 14 an instrumental, means-end activity, and that people have always placed strong emphasis on the 15 outcomes of such activities. To account for persistence of rainmaking, we then present a set of 16 cultural evolutionary explanations, rooted in human psychology, that can explain why people’s 17 adaptive learning processes did not result in the elimination of ineffective rainmaking methods. 18 We suggest that a commitment to a supernatural worldview provides theoretical support for the 19 plausibility of various rainmaking methods, and people often over-estimate the efficacy of 20 rainmaking technologies because of statistical artefacts (some methods appear effective simply 21 by chance) and under-reporting of disconfirmatory evidence (failures of rainmaking not 22 reported/transmitted). The inclination to “do something” when a drought hits versus “do 23 nothing” likely also plays a role and persists in the world today. 24
{"title":"Magic and Empiricism in Early Chinese Rainmaking","authors":"Ze Hong, Edward Slingerland, Joseph Henrich","doi":"10.1086/729118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729118","url":null,"abstract":"7 Ritual protocols aimed at rainmaking have been a recurrent sociocultural phenomenon across 8 societies and throughout history. Given the fact that such protocols were likely entirely 9 ineffective, why did such they repeatedly emerge and persist, sometimes over millennia even in 10 populations with writing and record keeping? To address this puzzle, many scholars have argued 11 that these protocols were not instrumental at all, and that their practitioners were not really 12 endeavoring to employ them in order to bring about rain. Here, taking advantage of the wealth of 13 historical records available in China, we argue to the contrary: that rainmaking is best viewed as 14 an instrumental, means-end activity, and that people have always placed strong emphasis on the 15 outcomes of such activities. To account for persistence of rainmaking, we then present a set of 16 cultural evolutionary explanations, rooted in human psychology, that can explain why people’s 17 adaptive learning processes did not result in the elimination of ineffective rainmaking methods. 18 We suggest that a commitment to a supernatural worldview provides theoretical support for the 19 plausibility of various rainmaking methods, and people often over-estimate the efficacy of 20 rainmaking technologies because of statistical artefacts (some methods appear effective simply 21 by chance) and under-reporting of disconfirmatory evidence (failures of rainmaking not 22 reported/transmitted). The inclination to “do something” when a drought hits versus “do 23 nothing” likely also plays a role and persists in the world today. 24","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TikTok and the Politics of Photographic Time","authors":"Benjamin Fogarty-Valenzuela","doi":"10.1086/729538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729538","url":null,"abstract":"Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print. <br/>","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Through regenerative environmentalism, the international ecoproject scene aims to re-create human-environment relations. To do so, eco-activists reject the dominant narrative of individuation that underlies capitalist resource extraction in favor of a notion of relationality that collaboratively cocreates all life. In Greece, as elsewhere, eco-activists assert that such regeneration of relationality necessitates personal transformation. Some of them aim to raise cognitive awareness of this situatedness through embodied practices of sound healing. Framed by integrative medicine and cross-cultural transcendental spirituality, such therapeutic employment of sound aims to restore and sustain an equilibrium of energy flow. I experientially explore two specific sound-healing practices, vowel meditation and gong therapy, to show how raising awareness of affect and experiencing the relational self beyond individuation inspires open-ended personal transformation. Employed for ecosocial change, such self-transformational efforts at once reproduce what they seek to overcome and challenge dominant narratives of duality and separation. As regenerative eco-activists employ a politics of the self for a politics of belonging, they render the notion of relationality political in ontological terms and produce an affective politics of sound.
{"title":"The Affective Politics of Sound","authors":"Elvira Wepfer","doi":"10.1086/728909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/728909","url":null,"abstract":"Through regenerative environmentalism, the international ecoproject scene aims to re-create human-environment relations. To do so, eco-activists reject the dominant narrative of individuation that underlies capitalist resource extraction in favor of a notion of relationality that collaboratively cocreates all life. In Greece, as elsewhere, eco-activists assert that such regeneration of relationality necessitates personal transformation. Some of them aim to raise cognitive awareness of this situatedness through embodied practices of sound healing. Framed by integrative medicine and cross-cultural transcendental spirituality, such therapeutic employment of sound aims to restore and sustain an equilibrium of energy flow. I experientially explore two specific sound-healing practices, vowel meditation and gong therapy, to show how raising awareness of affect and experiencing the relational self beyond individuation inspires open-ended personal transformation. Employed for ecosocial change, such self-transformational efforts at once reproduce what they seek to overcome and challenge dominant narratives of duality and separation. As regenerative eco-activists employ a politics of the self for a politics of belonging, they render the notion of relationality political in ontological terms and produce an affective politics of sound.","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140291905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Always a Trace","authors":"Liam M. Brady, John Bradley, Amanda Kearney","doi":"10.1086/729568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/729568","url":null,"abstract":"Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print. <br/>","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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