Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700358
O. P. Sterligova, N. V. Ilmast, L. V. Anikieva
Abstract
The results of long-term studies of the dynamics of population parameters of the vendace Coregonus albula in Lake Syamozero in periods with different habitat conditions are presented. The vendace is the most abundant fish species in the lake and was the main object of commercial fishing for 39 years (1932–1970) (60% of the total catch). From 1971 until 2000, the input of nutrients into the lake increased significantly due to high human economic activity in the catchment area. This led to a change in the hydrochemical and hydrobiological regimes of the lake. As a result, favorable conditions were created for vendace feeding. The biomass of zooplankton which is the main component of its diet, increased fivefold from 1950 to 2000 (from 0.4 to 2.1 g/m3). However, the conditions of reproduction of vendace significantly worsened due to siltation of spawning grounds, which led to the mortality of eggs during a long period of its embryogenesis (6–7 months). The decrease in the vendace abundance in 1971–2000 was also caused by the accidental penetration of a new species, the European smelt Osmeruseperlanus into the lake. For a long time (about 15 years) vendace was not found either in catches or in the diet of predatory fish species of the lake. In recent years, as a result of a decrease in the impact of human activity on the lake and the disappearance of the smelt in 2015 due to its infection with the parasite, the vendace population has begun to recover.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Population Parameters of the Vendace Coregonus albula (Salmonidae: Coregoninae) in Lake Samozero in Different Habitat Conditions","authors":"O. P. Sterligova, N. V. Ilmast, L. V. Anikieva","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700358","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The results of long-term studies of the dynamics of population parameters of the vendace <i>Coregonus albula</i> in Lake Syamozero in periods with different habitat conditions are presented. The vendace is the most abundant fish species in the lake and was the main object of commercial fishing for 39 years (1932–1970) (60% of the total catch). From 1971 until 2000, the input of nutrients into the lake increased significantly due to high human economic activity in the catchment area. This led to a change in the hydrochemical and hydrobiological regimes of the lake. As a result, favorable conditions were created for vendace feeding. The biomass of zooplankton which is the main component of its diet, increased fivefold from 1950 to 2000 (from 0.4 to 2.1 g/m<sup>3</sup>). However, the conditions of reproduction of vendace significantly worsened due to siltation of spawning grounds, which led to the mortality of eggs during a long period of its embryogenesis (6–7 months). The decrease in the vendace abundance in 1971–2000 was also caused by the accidental penetration of a new species, the European smelt <i>Osmerus</i> <i>eperlanus</i> into the lake. For a long time (about 15 years) vendace was not found either in catches or in the diet of predatory fish species of the lake. In recent years, as a result of a decrease in the impact of human activity on the lake and the disappearance of the smelt in 2015 due to its infection with the parasite, the vendace population has begun to recover.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700310
I. P. Malina, Cu Nguyen Dinh, Truong Ba Hai, Le Quang Man, Duong Thi Kim Chi
Abstract
The composition of the fish population of the Mekong River is one of the richest on the planet, however, despite the high diversity (~1200 species) and productivity, the basis of fishing in the Mekong Delta is made up of several dozen species, the most valuable of which are members of the families Pangasiidae, Polynemidae and Sciaenidae. Information on the distribution of these taxa is fragmentary, and the role of various parts of the delta in their reproduction has not been studied. Distribution of families Pangasiidae, Polynemidae and Sciaenidae in the Mekong Delta was assessed in the dry season by midwater trawl catches in 2019 (April, December), 2021 (January, April) and 2022 (March–May). A total of 237 trawls were carried out, in the catch of which 45.9 thousand fish belonging to 36 families were found. Representatives of each of the families Pangasiidae, Polynemidae, and Sciaenidae were noted in 42–57% of all catches within the studied part of the Mekong Delta, however, the frequency of their occurrence in its various parts varies significantly. According to the Mekong Delta zonation scheme, based on the analysis of the taxonomic composition of the fish population, representatives of Pangasiidae are confined to areas of the upper and middle reaches, Polynemidae—to areas of the middle and lower reaches, while significant differences in the horizontal distribution of Sciaenidae in different parts of the delta have not been identified. Significant differences in the vertical distribution of all studied taxa were also not found. The maximum concentrations of juveniles of Pangasiidae and Polynemidae were found in the middle reaches of the delta, and Sciaenidae in the lower reaches, which indicates the important role of the respective areas in the reproduction of representatives of the studied taxa.
{"title":"Distribution of Some Commercially Valuable Fishes (Pangasiidae, Polynemidae, Sciaenidae) in the Mekong Delta (Southern Vietnam) and Role of the Estuaries in Their Life Cycle","authors":"I. P. Malina, Cu Nguyen Dinh, Truong Ba Hai, Le Quang Man, Duong Thi Kim Chi","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700310","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The composition of the fish population of the Mekong River is one of the richest on the planet, however, despite the high diversity (~1200 species) and productivity, the basis of fishing in the Mekong Delta is made up of several dozen species, the most valuable of which are members of the families Pangasiidae, Polynemidae and Sciaenidae. Information on the distribution of these taxa is fragmentary, and the role of various parts of the delta in their reproduction has not been studied. Distribution of families Pangasiidae, Polynemidae and Sciaenidae in the Mekong Delta was assessed in the dry season by midwater trawl catches in 2019 (April, December), 2021 (January, April) and 2022 (March–May). A total of 237 trawls were carried out, in the catch of which 45.9 thousand fish belonging to 36 families were found. Representatives of each of the families Pangasiidae, Polynemidae, and Sciaenidae were noted in 42–57% of all catches within the studied part of the Mekong Delta, however, the frequency of their occurrence in its various parts varies significantly. According to the Mekong Delta zonation scheme, based on the analysis of the taxonomic composition of the fish population, representatives of Pangasiidae are confined to areas of the upper and middle reaches, Polynemidae—to areas of the middle and lower reaches, while significant differences in the horizontal distribution of Sciaenidae in different parts of the delta have not been identified. Significant differences in the vertical distribution of all studied taxa were also not found. The maximum concentrations of juveniles of Pangasiidae and Polynemidae were found in the middle reaches of the delta, and Sciaenidae in the lower reaches, which indicates the important role of the respective areas in the reproduction of representatives of the studied taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700309
Yu. K. Kurbanov, E. O. Basyuk
Abstract
Information has been provided on the distribution, temperature conditions of habitat and size composition of the whitecrest eelpout Petroschmidtia albonotata in the northeastern Sea of Okhotsk in July–September 2010. This species was found within the intermediate water mass at depths of 213–651 m at a water temperature at the bottom of 0–2.3°C. Accumulations of increased density were noted on the western slope of the TINRO depression and south of the Lebed trench in the bathymetric range of 213–300 and 401–500 m, respectively. The total length of the whitecrest eelpout in catches varied from 14 to 48 cm. A significant proportion of small individuals (<20 cm in length) was recorded on the western slope of the TINRO depression at depths <300 m, while larger individuals were caught to the south. Differences in thermal conditions of this species habitat within the study area have been revealed. North of 55° N, the whitecrest eelpout is concentrated at a temperature of 1.0–1.2°C, to the south—at 1.8–2.0°C. A comparison of the obtained data and literature data indicates that, depending on the region, species of the genus Petroschmidtia are characterized by significant differences in preferred depths and temperature conditions in their habitats.
{"title":"Distribution, Temperature Conditions of Habitat and Size Composition of the Whitecrest Eelpout Petroschmidtia albonotata (Zoarcidae) in the Northeastern Sea of Okhotsk in July–September 2010","authors":"Yu. K. Kurbanov, E. O. Basyuk","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700309","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Information has been provided on the distribution, temperature conditions of habitat and size composition of the whitecrest eelpout <i>Petroschmidtia albonotata</i> in the northeastern Sea of Okhotsk in July–September 2010. This species was found within the intermediate water mass at depths of 213–651 m at a water temperature at the bottom of 0–2.3°C. Accumulations of increased density were noted on the western slope of the TINRO depression and south of the Lebed trench in the bathymetric range of 213–300 and 401–500 m, respectively. The total length of the whitecrest eelpout in catches varied from 14 to 48 cm. A significant proportion of small individuals (<20 cm in length) was recorded on the western slope of the TINRO depression at depths <300 m, while larger individuals were caught to the south. Differences in thermal conditions of this species habitat within the study area have been revealed. North of 55° N, the whitecrest eelpout is concentrated at a temperature of 1.0–1.2°C, to the south—at 1.8–2.0°C. A comparison of the obtained data and literature data indicates that, depending on the region, species of the genus <i>Petroschmidtia</i> are characterized by significant differences in preferred depths and temperature conditions in their habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700255
N. G. Emel’yanova, D. A. Pavlov, Dinh Thi Hai Yen
Abstract
The size composition of the fish, gonadal condition, and oocyte and spermatozoon ultrastructure are studied in Parupeneus heptacanthus from the coastal zone of Nha Trang (southern Central Vietnam). The males are larger than the females, and the body length—body weight relationship is significantly different in the representatives of both sexes. Based on ovarian condition, oogenesis is continuous. Average batch fecundity is 11 056 oocytes. The egg envelope in the end of vitellogenesis (~300 µm in diameter) includes zona radiata 5.0 µm in width and chorion (0.5 µm). Based on spermatozoon head ultrastructure, the species is similar to other species of the genus Parupeneus, but the flagellum is substantially longer reaching on average 63 µm.
{"title":"Reproductive Parameters and Sex Cell Ultrastructure in Cinnabar Goatfish Parupeneus heptacanthus (Mullidae) from the Coastal Zone of Nha Trang (Vietnam)","authors":"N. G. Emel’yanova, D. A. Pavlov, Dinh Thi Hai Yen","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700255","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The size composition of the fish, gonadal condition, and oocyte and spermatozoon ultrastructure are studied in <i>Parupeneus heptacanthus</i> from the coastal zone of Nha Trang (southern Central Vietnam). The males are larger than the females, and the body length—body weight relationship is significantly different in the representatives of both sexes. Based on ovarian condition, oogenesis is continuous. Average batch fecundity is 11 056 oocytes. The egg envelope in the end of vitellogenesis (~300 µm in diameter) includes zona radiata 5.0 µm in width and chorion (0.5 µm). Based on spermatozoon head ultrastructure, the species is similar to other species of the genus <i>Parupeneus</i>, but the flagellum is substantially longer reaching on average 63 µm.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700280
V. V. Kostin, E. D. Pavlov, E. V. Ganzha, D. S. Pavlov
Abstract
Long-term influence (53 days) of long-term constant illumination (100 and 1000 lux illuminance) on the behavior of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles and the level of thyroid hormones and cortisol in their blood has been experimentally recorded. At 100 lux illuminance, the fish moved equally upstream and downstream; i.e., their behavior was to stay in the current habitat. At 1000 lux illuminance, the fish more often moved upstream; i.e., their behavior was to leave the current habitat. The experimental illumination regimes did not affect the thyroid hormones and cortisol levels in the fish blood.
{"title":"Effect of Illumination on the Movement of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus (Parasalmo) mykiss (Salmonidae) Juveniles in Water Flow and the Level of Thyroid Hormones and Cortisol in Their Blood","authors":"V. V. Kostin, E. D. Pavlov, E. V. Ganzha, D. S. Pavlov","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700280","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Long-term influence (53 days) of long-term constant illumination (100 and 1000 lux illuminance) on the behavior of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) juveniles and the level of thyroid hormones and cortisol in their blood has been experimentally recorded. At 100 lux illuminance, the fish moved equally upstream and downstream; i.e., their behavior was to stay in the current habitat. At 1000 lux illuminance, the fish more often moved upstream; i.e., their behavior was to leave the current habitat. The experimental illumination regimes did not affect the thyroid hormones and cortisol levels in the fish blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700243
S. S. Grigoriev, N. A. Sedova
Abstract—
The first capture of the Prussian carp Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) in Avacha Bay is described. The specimen TL 125 mm was caught on June 12, 2023 in a tidal puddle with high water salinity. Morphological characters of the caught specimen are given. It is suggested that the Prussian carp entered Avacha Bay from Lake Kultuchnoye, which is connected to Avachinskaya bay by a channel located 5 km from the place of capture.
{"title":"The First Capture of the Prussian Carp Carassius gibelio (Cyprinidae) In Avacha Bay, Kamchatka","authors":"S. S. Grigoriev, N. A. Sedova","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700243","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract—</h3><p>The first capture of the Prussian carp <i>Carassius gibelio</i> (Bloch, 1782) in Avacha Bay is described. The specimen <i>TL</i> 125 mm was caught on June 12, 2023 in a tidal puddle with high water salinity. Morphological characters of the caught specimen are given. It is suggested that the Prussian carp entered Avacha Bay from Lake Kultuchnoye, which is connected to Avachinskaya bay by a channel located 5 km from the place of capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700267
V. V. Zdanovich
Abstract
The results of experimental studies on thermopreferential behavior and motor activity of the European bitterling Rhodeus amarus under thermogradient field conditions are presented. The thermopreferential range of the European bitterling was 17–29°C, within which, the temperature interval of 21–25°C was the most frequented by fish and appeared to be optimal for the life activity of the species. The mean preferred temperature was 22.4°C. Temperatures below 17 and above 29°C were avoided by the bitterlings when swimming in the thermogradient. The fish showed high locomotor activity, swimming an average of 84.7 m per hour with an average speed of 2.3 cm/s. While moving in the thermogradient, the fish experienced temperature variations averaging 0.12°C/s. The data obtained on the thermal biology of the European bitterling can expand the understanding of the invasive potential of the species.
{"title":"Temperature Preference and Locomotor Activity in a Thermogradient Field of the European Bitterling Rhodeus amarus (Acheilognathidae)","authors":"V. V. Zdanovich","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700267","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The results of experimental studies on thermopreferential behavior and motor activity of the European bitterling <i>Rhodeus amarus</i> under thermogradient field conditions are presented. The thermopreferential range of the European bitterling was 17–29°C, within which, the temperature interval of 21–25°C was the most frequented by fish and appeared to be optimal for the life activity of the species. The mean preferred temperature was 22.4°C. Temperatures below 17 and above 29°C were avoided by the bitterlings when swimming in the thermogradient. The fish showed high locomotor activity, swimming an average of 84.7 m per hour with an average speed of 2.3 cm/s. While moving in the thermogradient, the fish experienced temperature variations averaging 0.12°C/s. The data obtained on the thermal biology of the European bitterling can expand the understanding of the invasive potential of the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700322
A. I. Markevich
Abstract
The fish species diversity, fish density, and distribution in the nearshore beds of Zostera marina and Ulva fenestrata have been assessed by SCUBA visual counts in May–September and November 2021. In total, 23 fish species have been registered. The fish species richness increases from 8–13 species in May to a maximum of 17–19 species at the end of June. Then it slightly decreases in July–September and reaches its lowest values in November (2–5 species). The same changes have been noted for the fish density. Fish diversity in the Zostera beds is higher than in the Ulva ones. The similarity of the fish species composition between Zostera and Ulva is low (the Sørensen-Czekanowski index varied from 0.32 to 0.44). In general, fish density is low (from 2.4 to 112.4 ind./50 m2 in Ulva (in November) and Zostera (in July) beds, respectively), although with an exception for Opisthocentrus spp. and Gymnogobius heptacanthus juveniles. An abnormal high bottom water temperature (above 26°C) in late July–early August has led to temporal avoidance of shallow water with plant beds by fishes (except for Gymnogobius heptacanthus) and their shift to a depth of 3.5–4.5 m, where the temperature was lower by 4.0–5.7°С.
{"title":"Seasonal Distribution of Fishes at Nearshore Meadows Predominated by Zostera marina and Ulva fenestrata in the Stark Strait (Peter the Great Gulf, Sea of Japan)","authors":"A. I. Markevich","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700322","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The fish species diversity, fish density, and distribution in the nearshore beds of <i>Zostera marina</i> and <i>Ulva fenestrata</i> have been assessed by SCUBA visual counts in May–September and November 2021. In total, 23 fish species have been registered. The fish species richness increases from 8–13 species in May to a maximum of 17–19 species at the end of June. Then it slightly decreases in July–September and reaches its lowest values in November (2–5 species). The same changes have been noted for the fish density. Fish diversity in the <i>Zostera</i> beds is higher than in the <i>Ulva</i> ones. The similarity of the fish species composition between <i>Zostera</i> and <i>Ulva</i> is low (the Sørensen-Czekanowski index varied from 0.32 to 0.44). In general, fish density is low (from 2.4 to 112.4 ind./50 m<sup>2</sup> in <i>Ulva</i> (in November) and <i>Zostera</i> (in July) beds, respectively), although with an exception for <i>Opisthocentrus</i> spp. and <i>Gymnogobius heptacanthus</i> juveniles. An abnormal high bottom water temperature (above 26°C) in late July–early August has led to temporal avoidance of shallow water with plant beds by fishes (except for <i>Gymnogobius heptacanthus</i>) and their shift to a depth of 3.5–4.5 m, where the temperature was lower by 4.0–5.7°С.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700279
A. O. Kasumyan, K. V. Kuzishchin, M. A. Gruzdeva
Abstract
The effectiveness of the food chemosensory attractants for attraction and angling of wild common carp, Cyprinus carpio by the bottom tackle of two types (carp “boil” device and “makushanka” device) was evaluated in the experiments, done in 2018 in the natural waterbody—the Akhtuba River (polygon of 80 × 30 m). There were 6 types of the bait used: sunflower cake, and boils with flavor of “Strawberry,” “Plum,” “Tutti-frutti,” “Sweet corn” and “Mussel.” The wild common carp was attracted to the polygon by dumping into the river the attracting groundbait, combined from sunflower cake, corn, wheat and red clay (ratio 1 : 1 : 1 : 5). In 2–3 days after beginning of the attraction, the number of fish and its daily catch increased sharply and in a week reached the level which stay stable up to the end of experiment, that lasted for 79 days, from June, 19 through September, 5. Total catch was 1048 fish of body weight from 2 to 14 kg, average daily catch was 7.23 ± 2.13 specimens. The catch on the makushanka was stable during the whole time of the experiment and was about 13–15% of the total catch, while the catch on the boils of the different flavor types vary. At the beginning of the experiment the most of wild common carps were landed on the boils having “Mussel” flavor type. Then the catch on this boil type decreased to the middle of July, but the catch on the boil having “Sweet corn” flavor tended to increase up to 70–75% of the total catch on the boils of all types. The maximal catch on the boils with “Sweet corn” flavor correlated with the appearance of many anglers on the river, who used the groundbait with corn for fish attraction. The catch on the boils of fruit and berry flavor vary, but stay relatively low, the minor catch was on the boils with “Strawberry” flavor type. There was no plausible difference in the fish body weight, landed on different baits. The obtained data support the results of other studies showing important role of chemoreception in common carp behavior. We suppose that attraction of the wild common carp to the study polygon was due to the substances released by groundbait and accepted through the olfactory system, while the catch on the particular bait was a function of its smell, taste and textural features. It was found out that effectiveness of the food attractants and flavors can change during relatively short period (summer season), thereafter indicates the plasticity of the fish preferences mediated by chemosensory systems.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700115
E. D. Vasil’eva, S. V. Shedko
Abstract—
We found an additional Canestrini’s organ in some males of Cobitis lutheri, C. derzhavini, and Misgurnus chipisaniensis, which normally have one lamina circularis on the first branched ray of the pectoral fin. We consider this as a manifestation of atavism. In the case of C. lutheri and C. derzhavini, this phenomenon mimics the state observed in the Bibarba lineage, and in the case of the pond loach, in the Bicanestrinia lineage. It is suggested that the primitive ancestral state for the entire Northern Clade of loaches should be considered to be the presence of two or even three laminae circularis in the pectoral fin of sexually mature males. In most lineages this state is lost, however, there probably was a phylogenetic reversion in the ancestor of the Bicanestrinia group through fixation of the atavistic state as a norm.
摘要-我们在 Cobitis lutheri、C. derzhavini 和 Misgurnus chipisaniensis 的一些雄鱼身上发现了一个额外的 Canestrini 器官。我们认为这是一种无性繁殖的表现。就 C. lutheri 和 C. derzhavini 而言，这种现象与在 Bibarba 系和池塘泥鳅的 Bicanestrinia 系中观察到的状态相似。有研究认为，整个泥鳅北支系的原始祖先状态应该是性成熟雄鳅的胸鳍上有两个甚至三个环状薄片。在大多数支系中，这种状态已经消失，然而，在 Bicanestrinia 群的祖先中，可能存在着系统发育上的逆转，将无性状态固定为一种常态。
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