Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700127
K. M. Gorbatenko, I. V. Melnikov, A. Yu. Sheibak
Abstract
From 1982–1990 to 2006–2010 in the western part of the Bering Sea biomass of the walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus decreased by almost an order of magnitude, from 7.2 to 0.7 million tons. However, in the last decade (2011–2020) its biomass increased to the long-term average value (4.0 million tons). In the eastern part of the sea, the pollock biomass dynamics was of the wave-like nature with the highest value in 1982–1990 and the lowest, in 2006–2010. The food spectrum of the walleye pollock is wide and includes 16 taxonomic groups of aquatic organisms. The main part of average annual food mass consumed by pollock in the Bering Sea in 1982–2020 consisted of zooplankton (74.1%). During different study periods, annual feed consumption varied from 91.1 to 373.0 (average 239.3) million tons per year. Significant fluctuations in the volume of food consumed are mainly associated with the dynamics of the species’ biomass.
{"title":"Feeding of Walleye Pollock Gadus chalcogrammus (Gadidae) in the Epipelagic Zone of the Bering Sea","authors":"K. M. Gorbatenko, I. V. Melnikov, A. Yu. Sheibak","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700127","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>From 1982–1990 to 2006–2010 in the western part of the Bering Sea biomass of the walleye pollock <i>Gadus chalcogrammus</i> decreased by almost an order of magnitude, from 7.2 to 0.7 million tons. However, in the last decade (2011–2020) its biomass increased to the long-term average value (4.0 million tons). In the eastern part of the sea, the pollock biomass dynamics was of the wave-like nature with the highest value in 1982–1990 and the lowest, in 2006–2010. The food spectrum of the walleye pollock is wide and includes 16 taxonomic groups of aquatic organisms. The main part of average annual food mass consumed by pollock in the Bering Sea in 1982–2020 consisted of zooplankton (74.1%). During different study periods, annual feed consumption varied from 91.1 to 373.0 (average 239.3) million tons per year. Significant fluctuations in the volume of food consumed are mainly associated with the dynamics of the species’ biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700176
Yu. K. Kurbanov, D. A. Terentiev
Abstract
Based on the materials collected during the monitoring of bottom trawl fishery, the data on the distribution, thermal habitat conditions and size composition of the rock greenling Hexagrammos lagocephalus in the southwestern Bering Sea in the winter-spring period are presented for the first time. The main sites of catches of this species are located in areas with a complex bottom relief, mainly at protruding capes at depths of 134–498 m at a near-bottom layer of water temperature of 0.5–3.8°C. High frequency of occurrence and catches in February–March were recorded in the range from 201–400 m, while in April–May, a gradual migration of some fish to the shelf was observed. It was found that rock greenling is not characterized by spatial changes in the size composition, and the catches are mainly formed by medium-sized individuals with a total length of 39–47 cm. The results of the analysis of the length–weight relationship of fish in the southwestern Bering Sea in comparison with that in the Pacific waters off Kamchatka and the northern Kuril Islands may indicate a similar growth pattern of rock greenling in adjacent waters.
{"title":"First Data on the Distribution, Some Features of Ecology and Size Composition of Rock Greenling Hexagrammos lagocephalus (Hexagrammidae) in the Southwestern Bering Sea during the Winter-Spring Period","authors":"Yu. K. Kurbanov, D. A. Terentiev","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700176","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Based on the materials collected during the monitoring of bottom trawl fishery, the data on the distribution, thermal habitat conditions and size composition of the rock greenling <i>Hexagrammos lagocephalus</i> in the southwestern Bering Sea in the winter-spring period are presented for the first time. The main sites of catches of this species are located in areas with a complex bottom relief, mainly at protruding capes at depths of 134–498 m at a near-bottom layer of water temperature of 0.5–3.8°C. High frequency of occurrence and catches in February–March were recorded in the range from 201–400 m, while in April–May, a gradual migration of some fish to the shelf was observed. It was found that rock greenling is not characterized by spatial changes in the size composition, and the catches are mainly formed by medium-sized individuals with a total length of 39–47 cm. The results of the analysis of the length–weight relationship of fish in the southwestern Bering Sea in comparison with that in the Pacific waters off Kamchatka and the northern Kuril Islands may indicate a similar growth pattern of rock greenling in adjacent waters.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700140
E. V. Esin, D. A. Medvedev, N. B. Korostelev, G. N. Markevich
Abstract—
Charrs of the genus Salvelinus (Salmonidae) exhibit diverse patterns of heterochrony throughout their ontogeny, resulting in contrasting intraspecific phenotypic variation. This study focuses on isolated populations of Dolly Varden charr, Salvelinus malma, inhabiting cold-water lakes within the subnival belt on the Kamchatka Peninsula. Our study reveals a previously undescribed trend towards paedomorphosis in these populations. Specialization is associated with inhibition of somatic growth compared to the widely distributed migratory (anadromous and river-lake) Dolly Varden from open water systems. Juvenile charrs from landlocked lakes differ in relatively high muscle fat content. Rates of sexual maturation and morphological differentiation remain similar to those of migratory populations. Paedomorphic trends in skull structure are insignificant and the numbers of meristic serial elements do not decrease. Charrs from landlocked mountain lakes grow to a maximum length of 20 cm reaching an age of eight to nine years, while the median age of spawners is 6.2 years. Migratory charrs have the same lifespan, but spawners are 1.6–2.0 times larger. Dwarfism tends to evolve over a small number of generations, as similar phenotypes have been described in populations from the lakes originated more than 12 000 and 400 years ago.
{"title":"Dwarf Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma (Salmonidae) from Mountain Lakes of the Kamchatka Subnival Belt","authors":"E. V. Esin, D. A. Medvedev, N. B. Korostelev, G. N. Markevich","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700140","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Charrs of the genus <i>Salvelinus</i> (Salmonidae) exhibit diverse patterns of heterochrony throughout their ontogeny, resulting in contrasting intraspecific phenotypic variation. This study focuses on isolated populations of Dolly Varden charr, <i>Salvelinus malma</i>, inhabiting cold-water lakes within the subnival belt on the Kamchatka Peninsula. Our study reveals a previously undescribed trend towards paedomorphosis in these populations. Specialization is associated with inhibition of somatic growth compared to the widely distributed migratory (anadromous and river-lake) Dolly Varden from open water systems. Juvenile charrs from landlocked lakes differ in relatively high muscle fat content. Rates of sexual maturation and morphological differentiation remain similar to those of migratory populations. Paedomorphic trends in skull structure are insignificant and the numbers of meristic serial elements do not decrease. Charrs from landlocked mountain lakes grow to a maximum length of 20 cm reaching an age of eight to nine years, while the median age of spawners is 6.2 years. Migratory charrs have the same lifespan, but spawners are 1.6–2.0 times larger. Dwarfism tends to evolve over a small number of generations, as similar phenotypes have been described in populations from the lakes originated more than 12 000 and 400 years ago.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700188
S. Yu. Orlova, O. R. Emelyanova, N. A. Nebesikhina, N. I. Rabazanov, A. M. Orlov
Abstract—
Numerous studies show that species identification of representatives of the genus Alosa using various genetic markers is often difficult and the search for more specific biomarkers is required. For the first time we analyzed polymorphism of COI gene fragment of mitochondrial DNA of two representatives of this genus (A. tanaica and A. kessleri), supplemented with new data on A. immaculata, from the waters of the Ponto-Caspian basin in comparative aspect with other representatives of the herring (Clupeoidea) genera Alosa, Clupea, Clupeonella, Sprattus, and Sardinops. The main result was the conclusion that within the genus Alosa, it is not possible to identify species using the marker used. On the one hand, specimens collected from morphologically distinct individuals and identified as different species have the same haplotypes. On the other hand, samples belonging to different species differ from each other by an insignificant number of nucleotide substitutions and do not form independent clades on the phylogram and haplotype network. This indicates the absence of genetic differentiation between the studied samples of herrings of genus Alosa into separate species and species groups when using DNA barcoding based on the COI gene. The reasons for such a phenomenon may be the following: (1) incorrect identification of species in catches, since shads (Alosidae) have high morphological flexibility and in many species, the main external morphological characters often overlap; (2) recent time of speciation by the standards of biological evolution for shads of genus Alosa; (3) difference in proportion of interspecific hybrids, which can vary significantly between populations of the same species.
摘要-大量研究表明，使用各种遗传标记对 Alosa 属的代表物种进行鉴定往往很困难，因此需要寻找更特异的生物标记。我们首次分析了该属两个代表种（A. tanaica 和 A. kessleri）线粒体 DNA COI 基因片段的多态性，并补充了 A. immaculata 的新数据，将其与鲱属（Clupeoidea）的其他代表种 Alosa、Clupea、Clupeonella、Sprattus 和 Sardinops 进行比较。主要结果是，在鲱鱼属中，使用所使用的标记无法识别物种。一方面，从形态上不同的个体采集的标本被鉴定为不同的物种时，其单倍型是相同的。另一方面，属于不同物种的样本之间的核苷酸替换数量相差不大，在系统图和单倍型网络上没有形成独立的支系。这表明，在使用基于 COI 基因的 DNA 条形码时，所研究的鲱属样本在遗传学上无法区分为不同的种和种群。造成这种现象的原因可能如下：(1) 捕获物中物种的错误识别，因为鲱科鱼类（Alosidae）的形态具有高度灵活性，许多物种的主要外部形态特征经常重叠；(2) 按照生物进化的标准，鲱属鱼类的物种形成时间较短；(3) 种间杂交比例的差异，同一物种的不同种群之间可能存在显著差异。
{"title":"The Problems of DNA-Barcoding the Shads of Genus Alosa (Alosidae) of the Ponto-Caspian Basin","authors":"S. Yu. Orlova, O. R. Emelyanova, N. A. Nebesikhina, N. I. Rabazanov, A. M. Orlov","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700188","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Numerous studies show that species identification of representatives of the genus <i>Alosa</i> using various genetic markers is often difficult and the search for more specific biomarkers is required. For the first time we analyzed polymorphism of <i>COI</i> gene fragment of mitochondrial DNA of two representatives of this genus (<i>A. tanaica</i> and <i>A. kessleri</i>), supplemented with new data on <i>A. immaculata,</i> from the waters of the Ponto-Caspian basin in comparative aspect with other representatives of the herring (Clupeoidea) genera <i>Alosa</i>, <i>Clupea</i>, <i>Clupeonella</i>, <i>Sprattus</i>, and <i>Sardinops</i>. The main result was the conclusion that within the genus <i>Alosa</i>, it is not possible to identify species using the marker used. On the one hand, specimens collected from morphologically distinct individuals and identified as different species have the same haplotypes. On the other hand, samples belonging to different species differ from each other by an insignificant number of nucleotide substitutions and do not form independent clades on the phylogram and haplotype network. This indicates the absence of genetic differentiation between the studied samples of herrings of genus <i>Alosa</i> into separate species and species groups when using DNA barcoding based on the <i>COI</i> gene. The reasons for such a phenomenon may be the following: (1) incorrect identification of species in catches, since shads (Alosidae) have high morphological flexibility and in many species, the main external morphological characters often overlap; (2) recent time of speciation by the standards of biological evolution for shads of genus <i>Alosa</i>; (3) difference in proportion of interspecific hybrids, which can vary significantly between populations of the same species.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700139
G. E. Guskov
Abstract
For the first time, an adult bogue Boops boops has been found off the northeastern coast of the Black Sea. A male with a standard length of 310 mm and a weight of 250 g was been caught in Sochi Imeretinsky Port in December 2022. Based on literature data on the presence of the species off the Russian coast of the Black Sea, we suggest the reasons for the presence of previously discovered bogue eggs and larvae in ichthyoplankton samples off the Crimea and the Caucasus coasts.
{"title":"The First Detection of an Adult Boops boops (Sparidae) off the Caucasian Coast of the Black Sea","authors":"G. E. Guskov","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700139","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>For the first time, an adult bogue <i>Boops boops</i> has been found off the northeastern coast of the Black Sea. A male with a standard length of 310 mm and a weight of 250 g was been caught in Sochi Imeretinsky Port in December 2022. Based on literature data on the presence of the species off the Russian coast of the Black Sea, we suggest the reasons for the presence of previously discovered bogue eggs and larvae in ichthyoplankton samples off the Crimea and the Caucasus coasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700152
A. M. Kaev, L. V. Romasenko, G. N. Dzen
Abstract
The four-year study outcomes for downstream migration of the juvenile Pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha in the Bolshaya Khuzi, Malaya Khuzi, Lazovaya, and Voznesenka Rivers on the East Sakhalin Island and in the Rybatskaya River on the Iturup Island, located far apart from one another along a meridian line (between 45° and 51° N) in different climatic regions, are present. Almost all smolts could migrate over two months, May and June. Similar trends in dynamics of daily downstream smalt migration in all the rivers, associated with reduction in the period of mass migration recorded at dark time during each 24-hour day at approaching the date of the summer solstice, were recorded. The climate patterns of regional variations (dates and degrees of warming trends, heavy precipitation at southern latitudes) significantly modify the pattern variations in the downstream migrant number (downstream migratory phases of increased and decreased passage activities) over a season relative to the river temperature and flow regimes under the spring warming conditions. Therefore, the relationships between the smolt downstream movement rate and the river water temperature and level tend to become weaker, largely, in the southern regions under the impact of the short-term weather variations in unsettled patterns relative to the impact strength and duration.
{"title":"Daily and Seasonal Variation in Downstream Migration of Juvenile Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Salmonidae) in Rivers across the Sakhalin and Kuril Region","authors":"A. M. Kaev, L. V. Romasenko, G. N. Dzen","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700152","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The four-year study outcomes for downstream migration of the juvenile Pink salmon <i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i> in the Bolshaya Khuzi, Malaya Khuzi, Lazovaya, and Voznesenka Rivers on the East Sakhalin Island and in the Rybatskaya River on the Iturup Island, located far apart from one another along a meridian line (between 45° and 51° N) in different climatic regions, are present. Almost all smolts could migrate over two months, May and June. Similar trends in dynamics of daily downstream smalt migration in all the rivers, associated with reduction in the period of mass migration recorded at dark time during each 24-hour day at approaching the date of the summer solstice, were recorded. The climate patterns of regional variations (dates and degrees of warming trends, heavy precipitation at southern latitudes) significantly modify the pattern variations in the downstream migrant number (downstream migratory phases of increased and decreased passage activities) over a season relative to the river temperature and flow regimes under the spring warming conditions. Therefore, the relationships between the smolt downstream movement rate and the river water temperature and level tend to become weaker, largely, in the southern regions under the impact of the short-term weather variations in unsettled patterns relative to the impact strength and duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700085
D. A. Astakhov, Nguyen Thi Hai Thanh, A. V. Mishin
Abstract
The fauna of the anemonefishes (Pomacentridae, Amphiprioninae) and their host sea anemones , inhabiting the detached coral reef of the Hon Rom Island, has been first described. Changes in faunas of these groups over 2003–2018 were traced. The species (qualitative) composition of these groups did not change over the period indicated above. It includes four anemonefish species: Amphiprion clarkii, A. frenatus, A. perideraion, and A. sandaracinos and six sea anemone species symbiotic with them: Entacmaea quadricolor, Stichodactyla mertensii, Heteractis aurora, H. crispa, H. magnifica, and H. malu. Four of these host sea anemone species (S. mertensii, H. magnifica, E.quadricolor, and H. crispa) belong to the principal host sea anemones of the reef anemonefishes, i.e. ensure the long-term existence of spawning pairs of symbiont fishes . However, quantitative changes in the faunas of the study groups have occurred. Two host sea anemone species (S. mertensii and H. magnifica) and mature anemonefishes inhabiting them were recorded each year in the observation period. The number of the sea anemones S. mertensii reduced by two thirds to 2018, compared to that in 2003–2005, and 100% of adult A. sandaracinos disappeared, while the number of adult A. clarkii within the study sea anemone species reduced by one third. The number of sea anemones H. magnifica reduced by 20% until 2018, compared to that in 2003–2010; 40% of adult A. perideraion disappeared. At least a threefold decrease in the pairs number of the anemonefish A. frenatus within the sea anemones E. quadricolor was observed; pairs of the anemonefish A. clarkii replaced them. It has been shown that there is no displacement of spawning pairs of A. sandaracinos, A. perideraion, and A. frenatus, respectively, from their host sea anemones S. mertensii, H. magnifica, and E. quadricolor, but there is replacement of these anemonefish species in the fish-free sea anemones by another anemonefish species—A. clarkii.
摘要 首次描述了栖息在红岩岛离群珊瑚礁上的海葵鱼（Pomacentridae, Amphiprioninae）及其寄主海葵的动物群落。追溯了 2003-2018 年间这些类群的动物群变化。这些类群的物种（质量）组成在上述期间没有发生变化。其中包括四种无须鳕：Amphiprion clarkii、A. frenatus、A. perideraion 和 A. sandaracinos，以及与它们共生的六个海葵物种：Entacmaea quadricolor、Stichodactyla mertensii、Heteractis aurora、H. crispa、H. magnifica 和 H. malu。其中四种寄主海葵（S. mertensii、H. magnifica、E. quadricolor 和 H. crispa）属于珊瑚礁海葵鱼类的主要寄主海葵，即确保产卵对共生鱼类的长期存在。然而，研究组群的动物群发生了量变。在观察期间，每年都会记录两种寄主海葵（S. mertensii 和 H. magnifica）和栖息在其中的成熟海葵鱼类。到 2018 年，海葵 S. mertensii 的数量比 2003-2005 年减少了三分之二，成体 A. sandaracinos 100%消失，而在研究的海葵物种中，成体 A. clarkii 的数量减少了三分之一。到 2018 年，海葵 H. magnifica 的数量比 2003-2010 年减少了 20%；40%的 A. perideraion 成体消失。在海葵 E. quadricolor 中观察到的海葵鱼 A. frenatus 的成对数量至少减少了三倍，取而代之的是成对的海葵鱼 A. clarkii。研究结果表明，在无鱼海葵中，A. sandaracinos、A. perideraion 和 A. frenatus 的产卵对并没有分别从其寄主海葵 S. mertensii、H. magnifica 和 E. quadricolor 中移出，而是被另一种海葵--A. clarkii 取代。
{"title":"Fauna of Anemonefishes (Pomacentridae, Amphiprioninae) and Their Host Sea Anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) of the Hon Rom Coral Reefs (Southern Central Vietnam, Nha Trang Bay) and its Changes for the Period from 2003 to 2018","authors":"D. A. Astakhov, Nguyen Thi Hai Thanh, A. V. Mishin","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700085","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The fauna of the anemonefishes (Pomacentridae, Amphiprioninae) and their host sea anemones , inhabiting the detached coral reef of the Hon Rom Island, has been first described. Changes in faunas of these groups over 2003–2018 were traced. The species (qualitative) composition of these groups did not change over the period indicated above. It includes four anemonefish species: <i>Amphiprion clarkii</i>, <i>A. frenatus, A. perideraion</i>, and <i>A. sandaracinos</i> and six sea anemone species symbiotic with them: <i>Entacmaea quadricolor</i>, <i>Stichodactyla mertensii</i>, <i>Heteractis aurora</i>, <i>H. crispa</i>, <i>H. magnifica</i>, and <i>H. malu</i>. Four of these host sea anemone species (<i>S. mertensii</i>, <i>H. magnifica</i>, <i>E.</i> <i>quadricolor</i>, and <i>H. crispa</i>) belong to the principal host sea anemones of the reef anemonefishes, i.e. ensure the long-term existence of spawning pairs of symbiont fishes . However, quantitative changes in the faunas of the study groups have occurred. Two host sea anemone species (<i>S. mertensii</i> and <i>H. magnifica</i>) and mature anemonefishes inhabiting them were recorded each year in the observation period. The number of the sea anemones <i>S. mertensii</i> reduced by two thirds to 2018, compared to that in 2003–2005, and 100% of adult <i>A. sandaracinos</i> disappeared, while the number of adult <i>A. clarkii</i> within the study sea anemone species reduced by one third. The number of sea anemones <i>H. magnifica</i> reduced by 20% until 2018, compared to that in 2003–2010; 40% of adult <i>A. perideraion</i> disappeared. At least a threefold decrease in the pairs number of the anemonefish <i>A. frenatus</i> within the sea anemones <i>E. quadricolor</i> was observed; pairs of the anemonefish <i>A. clarkii</i> replaced them. It has been shown that there is no displacement of spawning pairs of <i>A. sandaracinos</i>, <i>A. perideraion</i>, and <i>A. frenatus</i>, respectively, from their host sea anemones <i>S. mertensii</i>, <i>H. magnifica</i>, and <i>E. quadricolor</i>, but there is replacement of these anemonefish species in the fish-free sea anemones by another anemonefish species—<i>A. clarkii</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700103
A. A. Balanov, Yu. K. Kurbanov
Abstract—
The first data on the distribution, habitat conditions, size composition and feeding of Lycodes brunneofasciatus (Zoarcidae) in the Sea of Okhotsk waters off the coast of Kamchatka are presented. High values of the distribution density of the species were recorded on the eastern slope of the TINRO depression and in the area north of the First Kuril Strait. The depth of catches of eelpout varied from 120 to 436 m, its highest relative abundance is typical for 200–300 and 401–436 m. In the study area, L.brunneofasciatus is predominantly an inhabitant of the Okhotsk intermediate water mass where it is found at a water temperature at the bottom of 0–1.8°C. This species is represented in catches by individuals with a total length of 32–72 cm. Bivalvia, Amphipoda, Gastropoda and Polychaeta prevailed in the diet of tawnystripe eelpout. In addition, Echiura was found in the stomach of one of the studied specimens with a length of 69 cm.
{"title":"Distribution and Some Aspects of Biology of Lycodes brunneofasciatus (Zoarcidae) in the Sea of Okhotsk Waters off Kamchatka in Autumn 2012 and Summer 2016","authors":"A. A. Balanov, Yu. K. Kurbanov","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700103","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract—</h3><p>The first data on the distribution, habitat conditions, size composition and feeding of <i>Lycodes brunneofasciatus</i> (Zoarcidae) in the Sea of Okhotsk waters off the coast of Kamchatka are presented. High values of the distribution density of the species were recorded on the eastern slope of the TINRO depression and in the area north of the First Kuril Strait. The depth of catches of eelpout varied from 120 to 436 m, its highest relative abundance is typical for 200–300 and 401–436 m. In the study area, <i>L.</i> <i>brunneofasciatus</i> is predominantly an inhabitant of the Okhotsk intermediate water mass where it is found at a water temperature at the bottom of 0–1.8°C. This species is represented in catches by individuals with a total length of 32–72 cm. Bivalvia, Amphipoda, Gastropoda and Polychaeta prevailed in the diet of tawnystripe eelpout. In addition, Echiura was found in the stomach of one of the studied specimens with a length of 69 cm.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s0032945224700097
A. V. Bazov, N. V. Bazova, N. L. Frolova
Abstract
The results of a study of the distribution of eggs of Baikal omul Coregonus migratorius in a large foothill watercourse in Siberia in 1935–2022 are presented. The distanse of omul spawning migration in the Selenga River (some of the migration parameters are taken into account since 1920) depends on a certain combination of abiotic environmental factors, biological parameters of spawners, timing of entry into the river, and the number of their spawning herd. The distance of migration has a high inverse correlation with the degree of maturity of the spawners, which is expressed by the maturity index of omul females, as well as with the timing of herd entry into the river and water consumption at the beginning of migration (September). The higher the maturity of the reproductive products of spawners, the shorter the migration route, and vice versa. In addition, the maturity of spawners also determines the timing (date) of stock entry into the river: less mature individuals enter the river earlier and are distributed at spawning grounds higher upstream, while more mature individuals enter the river later and spawn downstream of the river. The distance of omul spawning migration increases during a decrease in the water flow of the Selenga River in September and, on the contrary, decreases with increase in water flow. Finally, The distance of the spawning route of omul in Selenga is determined by the size of the spawning herd: the higher the number of spawners, the more area they need for spawning and the longer their spawning route. Water temperature does not influence the length of omul spawning migration. The spawning run takes place against the background of a decrease in water temperature in the river.
{"title":"Distance of the Spawning Migration of Baikal Omul Coregonus migratorius (Salmonidae: Coregoninae) in the Selenga River (Lake Baikal Basin)","authors":"A. V. Bazov, N. V. Bazova, N. L. Frolova","doi":"10.1134/s0032945224700097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945224700097","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The results of a study of the distribution of eggs of Baikal omul <i>Coregonus migratorius</i> in a large foothill watercourse in Siberia in 1935–2022 are presented. The distanse of omul spawning migration in the Selenga River (some of the migration parameters are taken into account since 1920) depends on a certain combination of abiotic environmental factors, biological parameters of spawners, timing of entry into the river, and the number of their spawning herd. The distance of migration has a high inverse correlation with the degree of maturity of the spawners, which is expressed by the maturity index of omul females, as well as with the timing of herd entry into the river and water consumption at the beginning of migration (September). The higher the maturity of the reproductive products of spawners, the shorter the migration route, and vice versa. In addition, the maturity of spawners also determines the timing (date) of stock entry into the river: less mature individuals enter the river earlier and are distributed at spawning grounds higher upstream, while more mature individuals enter the river later and spawn downstream of the river. The distance of omul spawning migration increases during a decrease in the water flow of the Selenga River in September and, on the contrary, decreases with increase in water flow. Finally, The distance of the spawning route of omul in Selenga is determined by the size of the spawning herd: the higher the number of spawners, the more area they need for spawning and the longer their spawning route. Water temperature does not influence the length of omul spawning migration. The spawning run takes place against the background of a decrease in water temperature in the river.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1134/s003294522470019x
A. G. Osinov
Abstract
The reproductive and phylogenetic relationships of lenoks of the genus Brachymystax are considered based on analysis of 30 allozyme loci and two fragments (411 and 987 base pairs) of the mitochondrial DNA control region. The presence of three phylogenetic lenok groups, the blunt-snouted and sharp-snouted groups from Russia and neighboring countries and the Qinling group from China and South Korea, has been confirmed. It is assumed that the center of origin of the genus Brachymystax was Primorye and the blunt-snouted lenok from this region is closest to the ancestral form. Modern assumptions on the taxonomic status of different forms of lenok are contradictory both in the number of species (from one to five) and in their composition. The identification of two or three species in the genus Brachymystax is most reasonable. The main problems that should be solved to clarify the phylogeny and taxonomy of representatives of this genus are indicated.
{"title":"Origin, Phylogeny, and Taxonomy of Lenoks of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmonidae): Available Data, Their Interpretation, and Unresolved Problems","authors":"A. G. Osinov","doi":"10.1134/s003294522470019x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s003294522470019x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The reproductive and phylogenetic relationships of lenoks of the genus <i>Brachymystax</i> are considered based on analysis of 30 allozyme loci and two fragments (411 and 987 base pairs) of the mitochondrial DNA control region<i>.</i> The presence of three phylogenetic lenok groups, the blunt-snouted and sharp-snouted groups from Russia and neighboring countries and the Qinling group from China and South Korea, has been confirmed. It is assumed that the center of origin of the genus <i>Brachymystax</i> was Primorye and the blunt-snouted lenok from this region is closest to the ancestral form. Modern assumptions on the taxonomic status of different forms of lenok are contradictory both in the number of species (from one to five) and in their composition. The identification of two or three species in the genus <i>Brachymystax</i> is most reasonable<i>.</i> The main problems that should be solved to clarify the phylogeny and taxonomy of representatives of this genus are indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ichthyology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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