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Generalizing the Linearized Doubling approach, I: General theory and new minimal surfaces and self-shrinkers 推广线性化加倍方法,I:一般理论与新的极小曲面和自收缩器
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2020-01-13 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2023.v11.n2.a1
N. Kapouleas, Peter J. McGrath
In Part I of this article we generalize the Linearized Doubling (LD) approach, introduced in earlier work by NK, by proving a general theorem stating that if $Sigma$ is a closed minimal surface embedded in a Riemannian three-manifold $(N,g)$ and its Jacobi operator has trivial kernel, then given a suitable family of LD solutions on $Sigma$, a minimal surface $breve{M}$ resembling two copies of $Sigma$ joined by many small catenoidal bridges can be constructed by PDE gluing methods. (An LD solution $varphi$ on $Sigma$ is a singular solution of the Jacobi equation with logarithmic singularities which in the construction are replaced by catenoidal bridges.) We also determine the first nontrivial term in the expansion for the area $|breve{M}|$ of $breve{M}$ in terms of the sizes of its catenoidal bridges and confirm that it is negative; $|breve{M}|<2 | Sigma|$ follows. We demonstrate the applicability of the theorem by first constructing new doublings of the Clifford torus. We then construct in Part II families of LD solutions for general $(O(2)times mathbb{Z}_2)$-symmetric backgrounds $(Sigma, N,g)$. Combining with the theorem in Part I this implies the construction of new minimal doublings for such backgrounds. (Constructions for general backgrounds remain open.) This generalizes our earlier work for $Sigma=mathbb{S}^2 subset N=mathbb{S}^3$ providing new constructions even in that case. In Part III, applying the results of Parts I and II -- appropriately modified for the catenoid and the critical catenoid -- we construct new self-shrinkers of the mean curvature flow via doubling the spherical self-shrinker or the Angenent torus, new complete embedded minimal surfaces of finite total curvature in the Euclidean three-space via doubling the catenoid, and new free boundary minimal surfaces in the unit ball via doubling the critical catenoid.
在本文的第一部分中,我们推广了NK在早期工作中引入的线性加倍(LD)方法,通过证明一个一般定理,即如果$Sigma$是嵌入在黎曼三流形$(N,g)$中的闭极小曲面,并且其Jacobi算子具有平凡核,则在$Sigma$上给出了一个合适的LD解族,可以通过PDE胶合方法构建类似于由许多小的链状桥连接的$Sigma$的两个副本的最小表面$breve{M}$。($Sigma$上的LD解$varphi$是Jacobi方程的奇异解,该方程具有对数奇异性,在构造中被链状桥所取代$|breve{M}|<2|Sigma|$如下。我们首先构造了Clifford环面的新二重,证明了该定理的适用性。然后,我们在第二部分中构造了一般$(O(2)timesmathbb的LD解族{Z}_2)$-对称背景$(西格玛,N,g)$。结合第一部分中的定理,这意味着在这种背景下构造新的最小加倍。(一般背景的构造仍然是开放的。)这概括了我们早期对$Sigma=mathbb{S}^2 subet N=mathbb{S}^3$的工作,即使在这种情况下也提供了新的构造。在第三部分中,应用第一部分和第二部分的结果——对链状体和临界链状体进行了适当的修改——我们通过加倍球面自收缩器或Angenent环面来构造平均曲率流的新的自收缩器,通过加倍链状体来构造欧几里得三空间中有限总曲率的新的完全嵌入最小曲面,以及通过加倍临界连环面在单位球中形成新的自由边界最小表面。
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引用次数: 11
Non-concavity of the Robin ground state 罗宾基态的非凹性
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2020.v8.n2.a1
B. Andrews, J. Clutterbuck, Daniel Hauer
On a convex bounded Euclidean domain, the ground state for the Laplacian with Neumann boundary conditions is a constant, while the Dirichlet ground state is log-concave. The Robin eigenvalue problem can be considered as interpolating between the Dirichlet and Neumann cases, so it seems natural that the Robin ground state should have similar concavity properties. In this paper we show that this is false, by analysing the perturbation problem from the Neumann case. In particular we prove that on polyhedral convex domains, except in very special cases (which we completely classify) the variation of the ground state with respect to the Robin parameter is not a concave function. We conclude from this that the Robin ground state is not log-concave (and indeed even has some superlevel sets which are non-convex) for small Robin parameter on polyhedral convex domains outside a special class, and hence also on arbitrary convex domains which approximate these in Hausdorff distance.
在凸有界欧几里得域上,具有诺伊曼边界条件的拉普拉斯方程的基态是常数,而狄利克雷方程的基态是对数凹。Robin特征值问题可以看作是Dirichlet和Neumann情况之间的插值,因此Robin基态应该具有相似的凹性是很自然的。在本文中,我们通过分析来自诺伊曼情况的摄动问题来证明这是错误的。特别地,我们证明了在多面体凸域上,除了在非常特殊的情况下(我们完全分类),基态关于Robin参数的变化不是一个凹函数。由此我们得出结论,在一个特殊类外的多面体凸域上,对于小Robin参数的Robin基态不是对数凹的(甚至有一些非凸的超水平集),因此在豪斯多夫距离内近似于这些参数的任意凸域上也是如此。
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引用次数: 9
On the operator norm of non-commutative polynomials in deterministic matrices and iid GUE matrices 关于确定性矩阵和iid-GUE矩阵中非交换多项式的算子范数
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-12-10 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2022.v10.n1.a3
B. Collins, A. Guionnet, Félix Parraud
Let $X^N = (X_1^N,dots, X^N_d)$ be a d-tuple of $Ntimes N$ independent GUE random matrices and $Z^{NM}$ be any family of deterministic matrices in $mathbb{M}_N(mathbb{C})otimes mathbb{M}_M(mathbb{C})$. Let $P$ be a self-adjoint non-commutative polynomial. A seminal work of Voiculescu shows that the empirical measure of the eigenvalues of $P(X^N)$ converges towards a deterministic measure defined thanks to free probability theory. Let now $f$ be a smooth function, the main technical result of this paper is a precise bound of the difference between the expectation of $$frac{1}{MN}text{Tr}left( f(P(X^Notimes I_M,Z^{NM})) right)$$ and its limit when $N$ goes to infinity. If $f$ is six times differentiable, we show that it is bounded by $M^2leftVert frightVert_{mathcal{C}^6}N^{-2}$. As a corollary we obtain a new proof of a result of Haagerup and Thorbjo rnsen, later developed by Male, which gives sufficient conditions for the operator norm of a polynomial evaluated in $(X^N,Z^{NM},{Z^{NM}}^*)$ to converge almost surely towards its free limit. Restricting ourselves to polynomials in independent GUE matrices, we give concentration estimates on the largest eingenvalue of these polynomials around their free limit. A direct consequence of these inequalities is that there exists some $beta>0$ such that for any $varepsilon_1<3+beta)^{-1}$ and $varepsilon_2<1/4$, almost surely for $N$ large enough, $$-frac{1}{N^{varepsilon_1}} leq | P(X^N)| - leftVert P(x)rightVert leq frac{1}{N^{varepsilon_2}}.$$ Finally if $X^N$ and $Y^{M_N}$ are independent and $M_N = o(N^{1/3})$, then almost surely, the norm of any polynomial in $(X^Notimes I_{M_N},I_Notimes Y^{M_N})$ converges almost surely towards its free limit. This result is an improvement of a Theorem of Pisier, who was himself using estimates from Haagerup and Thorbjo rnsen, where $M_N$ had size $o(N^{1/4})$.
设$X^N=(X_1^N,dots,X^N_d)$是$NtimesN$独立GUE随机矩阵的d元组,$Z^{NM}$是$mathbb中的任何确定性矩阵族{M}_N(mathbb{C})otimesmathbb{M}_M(mathbb{C})$。设$P$是一个自伴非交换多项式。Voiculescu的一项开创性工作表明,$P(X^N)$的特征值的经验测度收敛于自由概率论定义的确定性测度。假设$f$是一个光滑函数,本文的主要技术结果是$$frac{1}{MN}text{Tr}left(f(P(X^Notimes I_M,Z^{NM}))$$的期望值与其在$N$无穷大时的极限值之差的精确界。如果$f$是六次可微的,我们证明它有界于$M^2 left Vert fright Vert_{mathcal{C}^6}N^{-2}$。作为推论,我们得到了Haagerup和Thorbjo-rnsen结果的一个新证明,该结果后来由Male发展,它给出了在$(X^N,Z^{NM},{Z^{NM}}^*)$中评估的多项式的算子范数几乎肯定地收敛于其自由极限的充分条件。将我们自己限制在独立GUE矩阵中的多项式上,我们给出了这些多项式在其自由极限附近的最大生成值的集中估计。这些不等式的一个直接结果是,存在一些$beta>0$,使得对于任何$varepsilon_1<3+beta)^{-1}$和$varepilon_2<1/4$,几乎可以肯定的是,对于足够大的$N$,$$-frac{1}{N^{varepsillon_1}}leq|P(X^N)|-leftVert P(X)rightVertleqfrac{1}最后,如果$X^N$和$Y^{M_N}$是独立的,并且$M_N=o(N^{1/3})$,那么几乎可以肯定的是,$(X^Notimes I_{M_N},I_Notime Y^{M.N})$中任何多项式的范数几乎可以肯定地收敛于其自由极限。这一结果是对Pisier定理的改进,Pisier自己使用了Haagerup和Thorbjo-rnsen的估计,其中$M_N$的大小为$o(N^{1/4})$。
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引用次数: 19
On loop Deligne–Lusztig varieties of Coxeter-type for inner forms of $mathrm{GL}_n$ $ mathm {GL}_n$的内部形式的coxette类型的On循环delign - lusztig变体
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-11-08 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2023.v11.n2.a2
C. Chan, A. Ivanov
For a reductive group $G$ over a local non-archimedean field $K$ one can mimic the construction from the classical Deligne--Lusztig theory by using the loop space functor. We study this construction in special the case that $G$ is an inner form of ${rm GL}_n$ and the loop Deligne--Lusztig variety is of Coxeter type. After simplifying the proof of its representability, our main result is that its $ell$-adic cohomology realizes many irreducible supercuspidal representations of $G$, notably almost all among those whose L-parameter factors through an unramified elliptic maximal torus of $G$. This gives a purely local, purely geometric and -- in a sense -- quite explicit way to realize special cases of the local Langlands and Jacquet--Langlands correspondences.
对于局部非阿基米德域$K$上的归约群$G$,可以通过使用循环空间函子来模拟经典Deligne-Lusztig理论的构造。在$G$是${rm-GL}_n$的内部形式并且循环Deligne-Lusztig变种是Coxeter型的特殊情况下,我们研究了这种构造。在简化了其可表示性的证明后,我们的主要结果是,它的$ell$adic上同调实现了$G$的许多不可约超uscid表示,特别是几乎所有的L参数因子都是通过$G$非分支椭圆极大环面的。这提供了一种纯粹局部的、纯粹几何的、在某种意义上相当明确的方式来实现局部Langlands和Jacquet-Langlands对应关系的特殊情况。
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引用次数: 4
On the stability of self-similar blow-up for $C^{1,alpha}$ solutions to the incompressible Euler equations on $mathbb{R}^3$ 关于$mathbb{R}^3$上不可压缩欧拉方程$C^{1, $ α}$解的自相似爆破的稳定性
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2021.v9.n4.a4
T. Elgindi, T. Ghoul, N. Masmoudi
We study the stability of recently constructed self-similar blow-up solutions to the incompressible Euler equation. A consequence of our work is the existence of finite-energy $C^{1,alpha}$ solutions that become singular in finite time in a locally self-similar manner. As a corollary, we also observe that the Beale-Kato-Majda criterion cannot be improved in the class of $C^{1,alpha}$ solutions.
我们研究了不可压缩欧拉方程最近构造的自相似爆破解的稳定性。我们工作的一个结果是有限能量$C^{1,alpha}$解的存在性,这些解在有限时间内以局部自相似的方式变得奇异。作为推论,我们还观察到Beale Kato-Majda准则在$C^{1,alpha}$解的类中不能改进。
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引用次数: 20
Crossed modular categories and the Verlinde formula for twisted conformal blocks 扭转共形块的交叉模范畴与Verlinde公式
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2023.v11.n1.a2
Tanmay Deshpande, S. Mukhopadhyay
In this paper, we give a Verlinde formula for computing the ranks of the bundles of twisted conformal blocks associated with a simple Lie algebra equipped with an action of a finite group $Gamma$ and a positive integral level $ell$ under the assumption that "$Gamma$ preserves a Borel". As a motivation for this Verlinde formula, we prove a categorical Verlinde formula which computes the fusion coefficients for any $Gamma$-crossed modular fusion category as defined by Turaev. To relate these two versions of the Verlinde formula, we formulate the notion of a $Gamma$-crossed modular functor and show that it is very closely related to the notion of a $Gamma$-crossed modular fusion category. We compute the Atiyah algebra and prove (with same assumptions) that the bundles of $Gamma$-twisted conformal blocks associated with a twisted affine Lie algebra define a $Gamma$-crossed modular functor. Along the way, we prove equivalence between a $Gamma$-crossed modular functor and its topological analogue. We then apply these results to derive the Verlinde formula for twisted conformal blocks. We also explicitly describe the crossed S-matrices that appear in the Verlinde formula for twisted conformal blocks.
在本文中,我们给出了一个Verlinde公式,用于在“$Gamma$保持Borel”的假设下,计算与配备有有限群$Gamma和正积分级$ell$的作用的简单李代数相关的扭曲共形块束的秩。作为这个Verlinde公式的动机,我们证明了一个分类Verlinde方程,它计算Turaev定义的任何$Gamma$交叉模块融合类别的融合系数。为了将这两个版本的Verlinde公式联系起来,我们提出了$Gamma$-交叉模函子的概念,并证明了它与$Gamma$-交叉模融合范畴的概念非常密切。我们计算了Atiyah代数,并证明(在相同的假设下)与扭曲仿射李代数相关的$Gamma$-扭曲共形块的丛定义了$Gamma$-交叉模函子。在此过程中,我们证明了$Gamma$交叉模函子与其拓扑类似物之间的等价性。然后,我们将这些结果应用于导出扭曲共形块的Verlinde公式。我们还明确地描述了扭曲共形块的Verlinde公式中出现的交叉S矩阵。
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引用次数: 8
Equivariant Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch theorem via formal deformation theory 形式变形理论的等变Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch定理
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2021.v9.n4.a1
G. Kondyrev, A. Prikhodko
We use the formalism of traces in higher categories to prove a common generalization of the holomorphic Atiyah-Bott fixed point formula and the Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem. The proof is quite different from the original one proposed by Grothendieck et al.: it relies on the interplay between self dualities of quasiand indcoherent sheaves on X and formal deformation theory of Gaitsgory-Rozenblyum. In particular, we give a description of the Todd class in terms of the difference of two formal group structures on the derived loop scheme LX. The equivariant case is reduced to the non-equivariant one by a variant of the Atiyah-Bott localization theorem.
利用高范畴中迹的形式化证明了全纯Atiyah-Bott不动点公式和grothendiek - riemann - roch定理的一般推广。该证明与Grothendieck等人提出的原始证明有很大的不同:它依赖于X上拟和非相干轴的自对偶性和Gaitsgory-Rozenblyum的形式变形理论之间的相互作用。特别地,我们给出了Todd类在推导出的环格式LX上的两个形式群结构的差异的描述。利用Atiyah-Bott局部化定理的一个变体,将等变情形简化为非等变情形。
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引用次数: 4
Arithmetic subspaces of moduli spaces of rank one local systems 一阶局部系统模空间的算术子空间
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2020.v8.n3.a1
H. Esnault, M. Kerz
We show that closed subsets of the character variety of a complex variety with negatively weighted homology, which are $p$-adically integral and Galois invariant, are motivic. Final version: Cambridge Journal of Mathematics
我们证明了具有负权同调的复簇的特征簇的闭子集是动机的,它们是$p$-整数和伽罗瓦不变量。定稿:剑桥数学杂志
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引用次数: 9
Topological uniqueness for self-expanders of small entropy 小熵自扩展器的拓扑唯一性
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-02-07 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2022.v10.n4.a2
J. Bernstein, Lu Wang
For a fixed regular cone in Euclidean space with small entropy we show that all smooth self-expanding solutions of the mean curvature flow that are asymptotic to the cone are in the same isotopy class.
对于小熵欧几里德空间中的固定正则锥,我们证明了平均曲率流渐近于锥的所有光滑自展开解都属于同一同位素类。
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引用次数: 20
Mixed-$textrm{Spin-P}$ fields of Fermat polynomials 费马多项式的混合-$textrm{Spin-P}$域
IF 1.6 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4310/cjm.2019.v7.n3.a3
Huai-liang Chang, Jun Li, Wei-Ping Li, Melissa Chiu-Chu Liu
{"title":"Mixed-$textrm{Spin-P}$ fields of Fermat polynomials","authors":"Huai-liang Chang, Jun Li, Wei-Ping Li, Melissa Chiu-Chu Liu","doi":"10.4310/cjm.2019.v7.n3.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4310/cjm.2019.v7.n3.a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48573,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Journal of Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70404434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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Cambridge Journal of Mathematics
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