Pub Date : 2022-04-26DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2022.2070434
Katsumi Takeno, Grant E. Norte, Neal R. Glaviano, S. Khuder, C. Ingersoll
ABSTRACT Reliable techniques to assess centrally mediated function in healthy individuals are essential to understand the origins of neuromuscular dysfunction in pathologic populations. This study examined the test–retest reliability of corticospinal excitability in the upper extremity musculature of 21 healthy individuals using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Within-session reliability was assessed by comparing tests performed 120 minutes apart. Between-session reliability was assessed by comparing the second (24 hr), third (1-week), and forth (2-week) sessions to the first test. We recorded active motor threshold (AMT) and motor evoked potential (MEP) at 120% AMT of the upper trapezius (UT), middle deltoid (MD), and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) bilaterally. Intraclass correlation coefficients (3,1) were used to assess relative reliability, and minimal detectable changes at 95% confidence level were calculated to assess absolute reliability. Our results suggest that AMT of the MD and FCR demonstrated acceptable within-session and between-session reliability over 24 hours, with all muscles evaluated ranging from moderate to good over 2 weeks. In contrast, MEP amplitudes were less reliable for all muscles, with reliability point estimates ranging from poor to moderate. AMT appears to be a more consistent measure of corticospinal excitability in upper extremity musculature, which may be more appropriate in clinical outcomes research.
{"title":"Within- and Between-Session Reliability of Corticospinal Excitability in the Upper Extremity","authors":"Katsumi Takeno, Grant E. Norte, Neal R. Glaviano, S. Khuder, C. Ingersoll","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2022.2070434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2022.2070434","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Reliable techniques to assess centrally mediated function in healthy individuals are essential to understand the origins of neuromuscular dysfunction in pathologic populations. This study examined the test–retest reliability of corticospinal excitability in the upper extremity musculature of 21 healthy individuals using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Within-session reliability was assessed by comparing tests performed 120 minutes apart. Between-session reliability was assessed by comparing the second (24 hr), third (1-week), and forth (2-week) sessions to the first test. We recorded active motor threshold (AMT) and motor evoked potential (MEP) at 120% AMT of the upper trapezius (UT), middle deltoid (MD), and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) bilaterally. Intraclass correlation coefficients (3,1) were used to assess relative reliability, and minimal detectable changes at 95% confidence level were calculated to assess absolute reliability. Our results suggest that AMT of the MD and FCR demonstrated acceptable within-session and between-session reliability over 24 hours, with all muscles evaluated ranging from moderate to good over 2 weeks. In contrast, MEP amplitudes were less reliable for all muscles, with reliability point estimates ranging from poor to moderate. AMT appears to be a more consistent measure of corticospinal excitability in upper extremity musculature, which may be more appropriate in clinical outcomes research.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"73 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2022.2065919
M. Bianchim, M. McNarry, R. Evans, L. Thia, A. Barker, C. Williams, S. Denford, K. Mackintosh
ABSTRACT Commonly used cut-points may misclassify physical activity (PA) in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of this study was to develop and cross-validate condition-specific cut-points in children and adolescents with CF. Thirty-five children and adolescents with CF (15 girls; 11.6 ± 2.8 years) and 28 controls (16 girls; 12.2 ± 2.7 years), had their energy expenditure and triaxial acceleration measured during six daily activities of varying intensities. Euclidean Norm Minus One (ENMO) and Mean Amplitude Deviation (MAD) were extracted using both GENEActiv (both wrists) and ActiGraph GT9X (both wrists and right waist) accelerometers. ROC curves were used to determine healthy and CF-specific raw acceleration cut-points for sedentary time (SED), moderate physical activity (MPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA). The PA cut-points were generally lower in CF compared to controls for both ENMO (60.2–73.1 vs. 63.5–86.8 mg) and MAD (58.9–85.2 vs. 75.9–93.7 mg). These substantial inter-cut-point differences support the need for disease-specific cut-points.
囊性纤维化(CF)患者常用的分界点可能会对身体活动(PA)进行错误分类。本研究的目的是开发和交叉验证CF儿童和青少年的特定条件切割点。35名CF儿童和青少年(15名女孩;11.6±2.8岁)和28名对照组(16名女孩;12.2±2.7岁)，在6次不同强度的日常活动中测量他们的能量消耗和三轴加速度。使用GENEActiv(双腕)和ActiGraph GT9X(双腕和右腰)加速度计提取欧几里得Norm - 1 (ENMO)和Mean Amplitude Deviation (MAD)。ROC曲线用于确定久坐时间(SED)、中度体力活动(MPA)和剧烈体力活动(VPA)的健康和cf特异性原始加速度切点。与对照组相比，ENMO (60.2-73.1 vs. 63.5-86.8 mg)和MAD (58.9-85.2 vs. 75.9-93.7 mg)的CF患者PA切割点普遍较低。这些切点之间的巨大差异支持了对特定疾病切点的需求。
{"title":"Calibration and Cross-validation of Accelerometry in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis","authors":"M. Bianchim, M. McNarry, R. Evans, L. Thia, A. Barker, C. Williams, S. Denford, K. Mackintosh","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2022.2065919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2022.2065919","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Commonly used cut-points may misclassify physical activity (PA) in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of this study was to develop and cross-validate condition-specific cut-points in children and adolescents with CF. Thirty-five children and adolescents with CF (15 girls; 11.6 ± 2.8 years) and 28 controls (16 girls; 12.2 ± 2.7 years), had their energy expenditure and triaxial acceleration measured during six daily activities of varying intensities. Euclidean Norm Minus One (ENMO) and Mean Amplitude Deviation (MAD) were extracted using both GENEActiv (both wrists) and ActiGraph GT9X (both wrists and right waist) accelerometers. ROC curves were used to determine healthy and CF-specific raw acceleration cut-points for sedentary time (SED), moderate physical activity (MPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA). The PA cut-points were generally lower in CF compared to controls for both ENMO (60.2–73.1 vs. 63.5–86.8 mg) and MAD (58.9–85.2 vs. 75.9–93.7 mg). These substantial inter-cut-point differences support the need for disease-specific cut-points.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"51 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43529442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-19DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2022.2062244
Javier Valenciano Valcárcel, Alejandro Jiménez-Loaisa, I. Rieiro, Jesús Martínez-Martínez
ABSTRACT This study examines the convergent validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) for assessing moderate-to-vigorous and total physical activity (PA) in school children. 430 participants (51.6% girls) aged 9–12 years provided valid accelerometer data (wGT3X-BT) and completed the PAQ-C. Convergent validity was assessed using Pearson correlations (r) and Bland-Altman plots. The PAQ-C total score was similarly associated with moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA (r = .28 and .26, p < .001, respectively). 10- and 11-year-old groups were the only in which the PAQ-C was significantly associated with both accelerometer variables (p < .001). Girls showed higher associations (r = .31 for each, p < .001) than boys (r = .18 and .15 for moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA, respectively, p < .05). Acceptable measurement bias for all age groups (range, 3.6–7%) was found. Researchers should be cautious when using the PAQ-C to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA in school children.
{"title":"Convergent validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C): assessing moderate-to-vigorous or total physical activity?","authors":"Javier Valenciano Valcárcel, Alejandro Jiménez-Loaisa, I. Rieiro, Jesús Martínez-Martínez","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2022.2062244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2022.2062244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the convergent validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) for assessing moderate-to-vigorous and total physical activity (PA) in school children. 430 participants (51.6% girls) aged 9–12 years provided valid accelerometer data (wGT3X-BT) and completed the PAQ-C. Convergent validity was assessed using Pearson correlations (r) and Bland-Altman plots. The PAQ-C total score was similarly associated with moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA (r = .28 and .26, p < .001, respectively). 10- and 11-year-old groups were the only in which the PAQ-C was significantly associated with both accelerometer variables (p < .001). Girls showed higher associations (r = .31 for each, p < .001) than boys (r = .18 and .15 for moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA, respectively, p < .05). Acceptable measurement bias for all age groups (range, 3.6–7%) was found. Researchers should be cautious when using the PAQ-C to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA in school children.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"32 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47513022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2022.2063689
Nicholas J. Ripley, P. Comfort, J. McMahon
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to determine the reliability and differences between three fascicle length (FL) estimation methods when utilizing a 10-cm ultrasound (US) probe. Thirteen males (24.1 ± 3.8 years, 79.3 ± 14 kg, 179 ± 6.6 cm) participated. Bicep femoris long head (BFLH) US images were collected on two separate occasions. Three previously established extrapolation methods were utilized. Near-perfect reliability was observed for all methods. Criterion estimation resulted in a significant, trivial (p = 0.016,g = 0.17) increase in FL compared to the basic trigonometry equation with non-significant, trivial increase (p = 0.081,g = 0.10) between the criterion and partial measure method. The partial measure method was not significantly or meaningfully greater than the basic trigonometry method (p = 0.286,g = 0.08). Both alternative methods demonstrated unacceptable LOA (>5%), with heteroscedasticity. All methods of extrapolation are reliable and could be used over time. However, as methods are not comparable, there could be a rationale to utilize underestimated results to ensure a degree of cushioning.
{"title":"Comparison between methods to estimate bicep femoris fascicle length from three estimation equations using a 10 cm ultrasound probe","authors":"Nicholas J. Ripley, P. Comfort, J. McMahon","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2022.2063689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2022.2063689","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to determine the reliability and differences between three fascicle length (FL) estimation methods when utilizing a 10-cm ultrasound (US) probe. Thirteen males (24.1 ± 3.8 years, 79.3 ± 14 kg, 179 ± 6.6 cm) participated. Bicep femoris long head (BFLH) US images were collected on two separate occasions. Three previously established extrapolation methods were utilized. Near-perfect reliability was observed for all methods. Criterion estimation resulted in a significant, trivial (p = 0.016,g = 0.17) increase in FL compared to the basic trigonometry equation with non-significant, trivial increase (p = 0.081,g = 0.10) between the criterion and partial measure method. The partial measure method was not significantly or meaningfully greater than the basic trigonometry method (p = 0.286,g = 0.08). Both alternative methods demonstrated unacceptable LOA (>5%), with heteroscedasticity. All methods of extrapolation are reliable and could be used over time. However, as methods are not comparable, there could be a rationale to utilize underestimated results to ensure a degree of cushioning.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"43 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45245796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2022.2043329
Sz-Yan Wu, Hyeon-Ah Kang, J. Jensen
ABSTRACT The objective was to verify the construct validity and test–retest reliability of the Test of Advanced Movement Skills (TAMS) with an innovative dual-outcome scoring system. Three statistical approaches – confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and item response theory analysis (IRT) – were applied to the data collected from 88 participants aged 9–12 years. Furthermore, 10 of them were randomly selected to examine the test–retest reliability by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The synthesis of findings from CFA, ESEM, and IRT analyses provides supportive evidence that two- and bi-factor structures demonstrated better model-data fit compared to the one-factor structure. An excellent level of test–retest reliability was confirmed in the TAMS (ICC = .96) and anthropometric instruments (ICC = .986–.998). We conclude that a composite score derived from the TAMS is sufficient and practical to measure one’s general competence in advanced movement skills during late childhood.
{"title":"Construct Validity and Test–Retest Reliability of the Test of Advanced Movement Skills with a Dual-Outcome Scoring System","authors":"Sz-Yan Wu, Hyeon-Ah Kang, J. Jensen","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2022.2043329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2022.2043329","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The objective was to verify the construct validity and test–retest reliability of the Test of Advanced Movement Skills (TAMS) with an innovative dual-outcome scoring system. Three statistical approaches – confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and item response theory analysis (IRT) – were applied to the data collected from 88 participants aged 9–12 years. Furthermore, 10 of them were randomly selected to examine the test–retest reliability by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The synthesis of findings from CFA, ESEM, and IRT analyses provides supportive evidence that two- and bi-factor structures demonstrated better model-data fit compared to the one-factor structure. An excellent level of test–retest reliability was confirmed in the TAMS (ICC = .96) and anthropometric instruments (ICC = .986–.998). We conclude that a composite score derived from the TAMS is sufficient and practical to measure one’s general competence in advanced movement skills during late childhood.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"21 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47501366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-20DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2022.2041420
M. Mahar, G. Welk, K. Janz, K. Laurson, Weimo Zhu, F. Baptista
ABSTRACT Incorporation of the vertical jump (VJ) test in health-related fitness batteries is predicated on the availability of prediction equations to accurately estimate VJ power. The purpose was to develop and validate a generalizable equation to estimate VJ power from VJ height, body mass, age, and sex in 10- to 18-year-olds. The sample (N = 529) performed a VJ test and had VJ power assessed via mechanography. Validation and cross-validation groups were randomly formed to assess accuracy. Results indicated that estimates of VJ power from VJ height and body mass were accurate (R = .93, SEE = 275 Watts). Age and sex did not add substantially to the model. Upon cross-validation, accuracy was maintained. The newly developed model was more accurate than previously published equations. The following equation provides accurate and feasible estimates of VJ power (Watts) = −1354.820 + (35.455*VJ[cm]) + (43.942*body mass[kg]). This equation provides a feasible way to estimate power in field-based settings.
{"title":"Estimation of Lower Body Muscle Power from Vertical Jump in Youth","authors":"M. Mahar, G. Welk, K. Janz, K. Laurson, Weimo Zhu, F. Baptista","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2022.2041420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2022.2041420","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Incorporation of the vertical jump (VJ) test in health-related fitness batteries is predicated on the availability of prediction equations to accurately estimate VJ power. The purpose was to develop and validate a generalizable equation to estimate VJ power from VJ height, body mass, age, and sex in 10- to 18-year-olds. The sample (N = 529) performed a VJ test and had VJ power assessed via mechanography. Validation and cross-validation groups were randomly formed to assess accuracy. Results indicated that estimates of VJ power from VJ height and body mass were accurate (R = .93, SEE = 275 Watts). Age and sex did not add substantially to the model. Upon cross-validation, accuracy was maintained. The newly developed model was more accurate than previously published equations. The following equation provides accurate and feasible estimates of VJ power (Watts) = −1354.820 + (35.455*VJ[cm]) + (43.942*body mass[kg]). This equation provides a feasible way to estimate power in field-based settings.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"324 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-05DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2017291
K. Laurson, F. Baptista, M. Mahar, G. Welk, K. Janz
ABSTRACT We developed age- and sex-specific smoothed percentiles for vertical and long jump, as well as vertical jump power, in healthy 10–18 year olds (n = 529, 47.1% female). Jump height and distance were measured and vertical jump power was assessed via mechanography. LMS regression was used to create smoothed age-specific reference curves, separated by sex. Pearson correlations between the jumps ranged from r = 0.22 to 0.64, varying by age and sex. Comparing medians, younger males had slightly higher values for vertical and long jump compared to females. Vertical jump power was more comparable between the sexes. For all measures, differences between the sexes become more pronounced at ages associated with the transition into adolescence. Growth model coefficients are reported for calculation of Z-scores. The growth curves can be used to compare samples, track lower body power, and link tests of fitness to athletic performance or health-related outcomes.
{"title":"Long Jump, Vertical Jump, and Vertical Jump Power Reference Curves for 10-18 Year Olds","authors":"K. Laurson, F. Baptista, M. Mahar, G. Welk, K. Janz","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2017291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2017291","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We developed age- and sex-specific smoothed percentiles for vertical and long jump, as well as vertical jump power, in healthy 10–18 year olds (n = 529, 47.1% female). Jump height and distance were measured and vertical jump power was assessed via mechanography. LMS regression was used to create smoothed age-specific reference curves, separated by sex. Pearson correlations between the jumps ranged from r = 0.22 to 0.64, varying by age and sex. Comparing medians, younger males had slightly higher values for vertical and long jump compared to females. Vertical jump power was more comparable between the sexes. For all measures, differences between the sexes become more pronounced at ages associated with the transition into adolescence. Growth model coefficients are reported for calculation of Z-scores. The growth curves can be used to compare samples, track lower body power, and link tests of fitness to athletic performance or health-related outcomes.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"306 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48656314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-05DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2014331
G. Welk, K. Janz, K. Laurson, M. Mahar, Weimo Zhu, A. Pavlovic
ABSTRACT The FitnessGram program has prioritized the use of evidence-based, criterion-referenced standards to advance health-related fitness assessments in physical education. The Institute of Medicine (IOM)1 highlighted the importance of strength and power for youth fitness assessment and surveillance. The report specifically recommended the use of handgrip and long-jump, but a barrier to adoption was the lack of criterion-referenced standards to categorize and evaluate performance. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of a multi-faceted research initiative focused on advancing research on musculoskeletal fitness assessments in youth. The report chronicles the concepts, approaches, and considerations that shaped the plans for this large-scale research effort aimed at developing robust criterion-referenced fitness standards for these assessments.
{"title":"Development of Criterion-Referenced Standards for Musculoskeletal Fitness in Youth: Considerations and Approaches by the FitnessGram Scientific Advisory Board","authors":"G. Welk, K. Janz, K. Laurson, M. Mahar, Weimo Zhu, A. Pavlovic","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2014331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2014331","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The FitnessGram program has prioritized the use of evidence-based, criterion-referenced standards to advance health-related fitness assessments in physical education. The Institute of Medicine (IOM)1 highlighted the importance of strength and power for youth fitness assessment and surveillance. The report specifically recommended the use of handgrip and long-jump, but a barrier to adoption was the lack of criterion-referenced standards to categorize and evaluate performance. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of a multi-faceted research initiative focused on advancing research on musculoskeletal fitness assessments in youth. The report chronicles the concepts, approaches, and considerations that shaped the plans for this large-scale research effort aimed at developing robust criterion-referenced fitness standards for these assessments.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"276 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47385099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2016409
K. Laurson, F. Baptista, M. Mahar, G. Welk, K. Janz
ABSTRACT We developed plank test standards, based on trunk lean mass-to-fat mass (LM/FM) ratio, in a sample of healthy Portuguese 10–18 year olds (n = 474, 46.4% female). Height and weight were measured and muscular endurance was assessed using the prone plank test. Trunk LM/FM ratio was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Plank standards were derived using receiver operator characteristic curves. Approximately 90% of youth with sufficient trunk LM/FM ratio were categorized into the desirable zone of plank time. Roughly two-thirds of those with trunk LM/FM ratio ≤ 5th percentile were identified within the undesirable zone. The odds of low trunk LM/FM were 6.5 times greater for those in the undesirable zone of plank compared those scoring above the cutpoint (independent of age, sex, or weight status). The standards provided here can be used to identify low trunk LM/FM ratio, which may have implications for balance and spinal health in youth.
{"title":"Designing Health-referenced Standards for the Plank Test of Core Muscular Endurance","authors":"K. Laurson, F. Baptista, M. Mahar, G. Welk, K. Janz","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2016409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2016409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We developed plank test standards, based on trunk lean mass-to-fat mass (LM/FM) ratio, in a sample of healthy Portuguese 10–18 year olds (n = 474, 46.4% female). Height and weight were measured and muscular endurance was assessed using the prone plank test. Trunk LM/FM ratio was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Plank standards were derived using receiver operator characteristic curves. Approximately 90% of youth with sufficient trunk LM/FM ratio were categorized into the desirable zone of plank time. Roughly two-thirds of those with trunk LM/FM ratio ≤ 5th percentile were identified within the undesirable zone. The odds of low trunk LM/FM were 6.5 times greater for those in the undesirable zone of plank compared those scoring above the cutpoint (independent of age, sex, or weight status). The standards provided here can be used to identify low trunk LM/FM ratio, which may have implications for balance and spinal health in youth.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"344 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44951230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2020794
Cristina Menescardi, I. Villarrasa-Sapiña, N. Lander, Isaac Estevan
ABSTRACT The Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment (CAMSA) is a circuit-based measure of motor competence. This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of CAMSA in Spanish children. A sample of 749 children participated voluntarily. Acceptable-to-good internal consistency (α = .54 and G-coefficient = .88) and moderate-to-excellent inter- (ICC: .83 to 1.00), intra-rater (ICC: .99 to 1.00) and test–retest reliability (ICC: .70 to .83) was found in convenience subsamples (n = 84 observers’ reliability; n = 69 test-retest). Concurrent validity was moderate (CAMSA score with Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder: r = .45; n = 90). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor model (CFI = .95; RMSEA = .02; SRMR = .02). Boys had higher scores than girls and older-children had higher scores than younger-children. The CAMSA can be used as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing motor competence in Spanish children.
摘要加拿大敏捷和运动技能评估（CAMSA）是一项基于电路的运动能力评估。本研究旨在调查西班牙儿童CAMSA的有效性和可靠性。749名儿童自愿参加。在方便的子样本中发现了可接受的良好内部一致性（α=.54，G系数=.88）和中等至优秀的inter-（ICC：.83至1.00）、内部评分者（ICC：.99至1.00）和测试-再测试可靠性（ICC：.70至.83）（n=84名观察者的可靠性；n=69名测试-重新测试）。同时有效性中等（CAMSA与Körperkordinationstest für Kinder的得分：r=.45；n=90）。验证性因素分析支持单因素模型（CFI=0.95；RMSEA=0.02；SRMR=0.02）。男孩的得分高于女孩，年龄较大的儿童的得分高于年龄较小的儿童。CAMSA可作为评估西班牙儿童运动能力的有效和可靠的工具。
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