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Evaluation of a Model of Transitional Care After Preterm Birth on Parents' Mental Health and Self-Efficacy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. 早产后过渡护理模式对父母心理健康和自我效能的评估:随机对照试验。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101260
Natascha Schuetz Haemmerli, Liliane Stoffel, Kai-Uwe Schmitt, Tilman Humpl, Mathias Nelle, Odile Stalder, Eva Cignacco

Background/objectives: Parents of premature infants experience depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and increased stress, which can negatively impact parent-infant relationships and infant development. To reduce negative consequences and optimally support families, we developed the Transition to Home model (TtH). In this randomized controlled pilot trial (RCT), the feasibility of performing an experimental study to analyse the effects of TtH on parental mental health over time was evaluated.

Methods: The following domains were assessed: recruitment, follow-up and study burden, outcome measures used and parental mental health outcomes. We included n = 22 parent couples with their preterm infants in the control group and n = 23 in the intervention group. Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders, parenting stress, and parental self-efficacy were assessed at five timepoints. The study burden was evaluated once at the end of the study.

Results: The control and intervention groups had similar socio-demographic characteristics. The groups showed no differences in the mental health outcomes except for depression in mothers at T2 (p = 0.042) and T5 (p = 0.027) and state anxiety in fathers at T2 (p = 0.016).

Conclusions: This pilot RCT established a framework for the evaluation of the TtH model of care and demonstrated the viability of the evaluation scheme. The results confirm the suitability of the RCT's structure and the feasibility of the methods and instruments used. Minor adjustments are recommended to include a more diverse sample in future studies.

背景/目的:早产儿的父母会经历抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍和更大的压力,这可能会对亲子关系和婴儿发育产生负面影响。为了减少负面影响并为家庭提供最佳支持,我们开发了 "过渡到家 "模式(TtH)。在这项随机对照试点试验(RCT)中,我们评估了开展实验研究的可行性,以分析随着时间的推移,TtH 对父母心理健康的影响:方法:对以下方面进行了评估:招募、跟踪和研究负担、使用的结果测量和父母的心理健康结果。我们将 n = 22 对父母夫妇及其早产儿纳入对照组,将 n = 23 对父母夫妇纳入干预组。在五个时间点对抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍、养育压力和父母自我效能进行了评估。研究结束时对研究负担进行一次评估:结果:对照组和干预组的社会人口特征相似。除了母亲在第二阶段(p = 0.042)和第五阶段(p = 0.027)出现抑郁以及父亲在第二阶段(p = 0.016)出现状态焦虑外,两组在心理健康结果上没有差异:这项试验性 RCT 建立了 TtH 护理模式的评估框架,并证明了评估计划的可行性。结果证实了 RCT 结构的适宜性以及所用方法和工具的可行性。建议稍作调整,以便在今后的研究中纳入更多样化的样本。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the Adaptive Behavior of Young Children with Visual Impairments in an Early Intervention Service: A Pilot Study. 早期干预服务中视障幼儿适应行为的评估:试点研究。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101263
Valerie Caron, Sibilla Badaracco, Geneviève Petitpierre, Saheb Yousefi

Introduction: Adaptive behavior, defined as a critical set of skills learned and performed throughout daily life to cope with society's age-appropriate expectations, is a central concept for people with disabilities in both clinical and research contexts. As AB is an essential component of daily functioning, assessment is necessary both for the diagnostic process and for intervention, as it enables scores to be compared with the developmental norm, identifies strengths and weaknesses of the persons and monitors the progress of interventions. AB assessment is common in children with developmental delays but less common in children with visual impairment (VI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the AB of young children with VI through a pilot study and descriptive data.

Methods: The participants were recruited through an early childhood special needs education service specialized in VI in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Overall, 10 families gave their consent for their child to be assessed using the Vineland Adaptative Behavior Scale-II (VABS-II) completed by their early childhood educator.

Results: Globally, the results showed that participants were rated between the Adapted to Moderately High levels. The highest domains were in the areas of communication, daily living skills and socialization.

Discussion: The results showed a trend that is superior to previous studies assessing the AB of a similar population. As a result, one obvious perspective would be to adapt the scale to ensure that the items assessed are more consistent with the specificities of their development and the intervention priorities, enabling them to achieve adaptive behavior and independence in carrying out activities of daily living.

导言:适应行为被定义为在日常生活中学习和掌握的一套重要技能,以应对社会对其年龄的期望,在临床和研究中都是残疾人的一个核心概念。由于 AB 行为是日常功能的重要组成部分,因此评估对于诊断过程和干预措施都是必要的,因为评估可以将得分与发育常模进行比较,识别个体的长处和短处,并监测干预措施的进展情况。AB 评估在发育迟缓儿童中很常见,但在视力障碍(VI)儿童中较少见。本研究的目的是通过试点研究和描述性数据,对视障幼儿的 AB 进行评估:方法:参与者是通过瑞士法语区一家专门从事视障儿童早期特殊需求教育服务机构招募的。共有 10 个家庭同意由幼儿教育人员使用维尼兰适应行为量表 II(VABS-II)对其子女进行评估:结果显示,从整体上看,参与者的适应程度介于 "适应 "和 "中等偏上 "之间。讨论:结果表明,参加者的总体评分介于适应到中等偏上水平之间,最高的领域是沟通、日常生活技能和社交:讨论:研究结果显示的趋势优于以往对类似人群进行 AB 评估的研究。因此,一个显而易见的观点是对量表进行调整,以确保所评估的项目更符合他们的发展特点和干预重点,从而使他们在日常生活活动中实现适应性行为和独立性。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on Serum Level of Valproic Acid in Children with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy. 根除幽门螺杆菌对特发性全身性癫痫儿童血清丙戊酸水平的影响
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101259
Abobakr Abdelgalil, Doaa Ismail, Ayman Eskander, Marian Girgis, Ahmed Farouk, Fajr Saeedi, Mohamed Shazly, Amera Hasnoon

Background/objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of H. pylori eradication on the serum level of the orally administered valproic acid (VPA) in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy; Methods: This prospective cohort observational study included 100 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, recruited from a neurology clinic from May 2021 to December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups, each containing 50 children. The first group had a positive H. pylori stool antigen and H. pylori-related symptoms, while the second group had a negative antigen. H. pylori Eradication therapy was given to the positive H. pylori group. The serum level of VPA was obtained at baseline and 4 weeks after eradication therapy.

Results: Despite there being no significant difference between the H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative groups regarding the baseline VPA serum level (79.9 ± 13.9 and 77.9 ± 13.1 mcg/mL), respectively, the serum VPA level had significantly increased after H. pylori eradication therapy (99.4 ± 11 mcg/mL) (p value = 0.000), as opposed to the H. pylori-negative group (85.3 ± 10.9 mcg/mL) (p value = 0.142). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant association with a negative correlation between the VPA serum level after eradication and the number of epileptic attacks per month (p value = 0.033, R value = -0.301) and the dose of VPA (p value = 0.046, R value = -0.284).

Conclusions: The eradication of H. pylori resulted in a highly significant improvement in the serum level of the orally given VPA in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, as well as an indirect decrease in the frequency of epileptic events per month, allowing for dose reduction. Eradication therapy may have anticonvulsant properties and might indirectly aid in the management of epileptic activity. H. pylori screening for children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy can optimize serum VPA levels, potentially leading to better seizure control. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the literature to describe the effect of H. pylori eradication on the serum level of the orally administered VPA in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

背景/目的:本研究的目的是确定根除幽门螺杆菌对特发性全身性癫痫患儿血清中口服丙戊酸(VPA)水平的影响;方法:这项前瞻性队列观察研究纳入了 100 名特发性全身性癫痫患儿,他们都是 2021 年 5 月至 2021 年 12 月期间从神经内科诊所招募的。患者分为两组,每组 50 人。第一组患儿的幽门螺杆菌粪便抗原呈阳性,并伴有幽门螺杆菌相关症状,而第二组患儿的抗原呈阴性。幽门螺杆菌阳性组接受根除幽门螺杆菌治疗。分别在基线和根除治疗 4 周后检测血清中的 VPA 水平:结果:尽管幽门螺杆菌阳性组和幽门螺杆菌阴性组的 VPA 血清基线水平(79.9 ± 13.9 和 77.9 ± 13.1 mcg/mL)没有明显差异,但幽门螺杆菌阴性组的 VPA 血清基线水平(79.9 ± 13.9 和 77.9 ± 13.1 mcg/mL),与幽门螺杆菌阴性组(85.3 ± 10.9 mcg/mL)(p 值 = 0.142)相比,幽门螺杆菌根除治疗后血清 VPA 水平显著增加(99.4 ± 11 mcg/mL)(p 值 = 0.000)。此外,根除幽门螺杆菌后的VPA血清水平与每月癫痫发作次数(p值=0.033,R值=-0.301)和VPA剂量(p值=0.046,R值=-0.284)之间存在统计学意义上的显著负相关:结论:根除幽门螺杆菌可显著改善特发性全身性癫痫患儿口服 VPA 的血清水平,并间接降低每月癫痫发作的频率,从而减少剂量。根除疗法可能具有抗惊厥特性,可间接帮助控制癫痫活动。对特发性全身性癫痫患儿进行幽门螺杆菌筛查可以优化血清VPA水平,从而有可能更好地控制癫痫发作。据我们所知,这是文献中第一项描述根除幽门螺杆菌对特发性全身性癫痫患儿血清中口服VPA水平影响的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of a 12-Week Mixed-Method Physical Exercise Program on Physical Fitness, Stress, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Series Study. 为期 12 周的混合方法体育锻炼计划对脑瘫青少年体能、压力、焦虑和生活质量的影响:病例系列研究。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101257
Alexandrina Cavalcante Rodrigues Nitz, José Pedro Ferreira, Elaine Maria Ribeiro, Juliana Albuquerque da Rocha, Chrystiane Vasconcelos Andrade Toscano, Maria João Campos

Background/objectives: Although the health benefits related to physical exercise for adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) have been recognized, studies indicate that individuals with CP at school age are less involved in physical activities than their typical peers and are twice as likely to engage in sedentary behaviors. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the effects of a physical exercise program on physical fitness, stress, anxiety, and quality-of-life variables.

Methods: A total of 15 teenagers with ambulatory CP (n = 8 boys, n = 7 girls, between 12 and 18 years old; M = 14.35; SD = 1.76) completed a 12-week program based on a mixed-method approach with face-to-face and live online activities. The outcome measures were physical fitness, stress, anxiety, and quality of life.

Results: The 12-week exercise program resulted in gains in muscular strength, flexibility, and aerobic endurance tests, characterized by an increase in average walking speed and average VO2 max. There was also a significant change in the perception of emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress reported by the participants.

Conclusions: The program proved to be effective in physical fitness tests and perception of emotional states. Given the positive effects produced by the program, its design appears to meet the demands of adolescents with cerebral palsy.

背景/目的:尽管人们已经认识到体育锻炼对患有脑瘫(CP)的青少年的健康有益,但研究表明,学龄期患有脑瘫(CP)的人参与体育活动的机会比一般同龄人要少,而且久坐不动的可能性是一般同龄人的两倍。因此,我们的研究旨在调查体育锻炼计划对体能、压力、焦虑和生活质量变量的影响:共有 15 名患有卧床 CP 的青少年(男=8,女=7,年龄在 12 至 18 岁之间;男=14.35;女=1.76)完成了一项为期 12 周的计划,该计划采用面对面和在线直播活动相结合的混合方法。结果测量指标为体能、压力、焦虑和生活质量:结果:为期 12 周的锻炼计划提高了肌肉力量、柔韧性和有氧耐力测试,其特点是提高了平均步行速度和平均最大容氧量。参与者对抑郁、焦虑和压力等情绪状态的感知也发生了明显变化:结论:该计划在体能测试和情绪状态感知方面证明是有效的。鉴于该计划产生的积极效果,其设计似乎符合脑瘫青少年的需求。
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引用次数: 0
"Hanging on by a Thread": The Lived Experience of Parents of Children with Medical Complexity. "命悬一线":医疗复杂性儿童家长的生活经历。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101258
Courtney Holmes, Waganesh Zeleke, Shruti Sampath, Tiffany Kimbrough

Background: Families with children with medical complexity endure high levels of chronic and toxic stress, impacting the overall health and wellbeing of all family members and the system as a whole. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of parents/caregivers with children with medical complexity.

Methods: The lived experiences of 15 parents of children with complex medical needs were explored using focus group discussions. Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using van Manen's 6-step process for hermeneutic phenomenology. Aligned with the research questions, the analysis draws on van Manen's four lived existential analytical categories.

Results: Themes include: (1) lived body, the psychological and physiological effect; (2) lived time and space, the immediate impact on the there, now, and then; (3) lived relationships, social life and family relational effect; (4) risk factors; and (5) protective factors.

Conclusion: Caregivers of children with medical complexity have a unique experience of trauma and resilience. This study will inform interdisciplinary medical providers about the mental health and resiliency experiences of this population to support more effective healthcare practices.

背景:有复杂病症儿童的家庭承受着高强度的慢性和毒性压力,影响着所有家庭成员和整个系统的整体健康和福祉。本研究的目的是探讨有复杂医疗需求儿童的家长/照顾者的生活经历:采用焦点小组讨论的方式,探讨了 15 名有复杂医疗需求儿童的家长的生活经历。对焦点小组讨论进行了记录、转录,并采用范马南的诠释现象学 6 步流程进行了分析。根据研究问题,分析借鉴了 van Manen 的四个生活存在分析类别:结果:主题包括结果:主题包括:(1) 活着的身体,心理和生理影响;(2) 活着的时间和空间,对当时、现在和未来的直接影响;(3) 活着的关系,社会生活和家庭关系影响;(4) 风险因素;(5) 保护因素:医疗复杂性儿童的照顾者有着独特的创伤和复原经历。这项研究将为跨学科医疗服务提供者提供有关这一人群的心理健康和恢复能力经验的信息,以支持更有效的医疗保健实践。
{"title":"\"Hanging on by a Thread\": The Lived Experience of Parents of Children with Medical Complexity.","authors":"Courtney Holmes, Waganesh Zeleke, Shruti Sampath, Tiffany Kimbrough","doi":"10.3390/children11101258","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Families with children with medical complexity endure high levels of chronic and toxic stress, impacting the overall health and wellbeing of all family members and the system as a whole. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of parents/caregivers with children with medical complexity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The lived experiences of 15 parents of children with complex medical needs were explored using focus group discussions. Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using van Manen's 6-step process for hermeneutic phenomenology. Aligned with the research questions, the analysis draws on van Manen's four lived existential analytical categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Themes include: (1) lived body, the psychological and physiological effect; (2) lived time and space, the immediate impact on the there, now, and then; (3) lived relationships, social life and family relational effect; (4) risk factors; and (5) protective factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of children with medical complexity have a unique experience of trauma and resilience. This study will inform interdisciplinary medical providers about the mental health and resiliency experiences of this population to support more effective healthcare practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study. 二手烟暴露及其对小儿肺功能、有氧健身和体重的影响:一项横断面研究的证据。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/children11101250
Ivan Pavić, Iva Topalušić, Tamara Poljičanin, Ozana Hofmann Jaeger, Sara Žaja, Asja Stipić Marković

Background: Several studies have documented the detrimental impacts of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure to a range of pediatric respiratory conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, and reduced lung function. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of SHS exposure on lung function, physical fitness, and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 10 to 14 years.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included children aged 10 to 14 years at the Elementary School "Trilj" in Trilj, Croatia. Data on SHS exposure were collected using a questionnaire. Antropometric and spirometry measurements were performed. Physical fitness was assessed using the shuttle run (BEEP) test.

Results: This study included 157 children, 89 (56.69%) boys and 68 (43.31%) girls. Children exposed to every day SHS in households had significantly lower values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) (p < 0.001) and higher z-score BMI levels (p = 0.018) in comparison to unexposed children. Logistic regression showed that children unexposed to SHS had higher odds for better results in the BEEP test (OR 62.45, 95% CI 21.26-179.24, p < 0.001). Children with poorer physical fitness, expressed by lower BEEP score levels, had significantly lower FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Every day SHS exposure in children was associated with poorer lung function, higher BMI, and poorer physical fitness.

背景:多项研究表明,接触二手烟(SHS)对一系列儿科呼吸系统疾病(包括哮喘、支气管炎和肺功能减退)有不利影响。本研究旨在调查接触二手烟对 10 至 14 岁儿童肺功能、体能和体重指数(BMI)的影响:这项横断面研究包括克罗地亚特里日 "特里日 "小学 10 至 14 岁的儿童。通过问卷调查收集了有关接触 SHS 的数据。进行了反比测量和肺活量测量。通过穿梭跑(BEEP)测试对体能进行评估:这项研究包括 157 名儿童,其中有 89 名男孩(56.69%)和 68 名女孩(43.31%)。与未暴露的儿童相比,家庭中每天暴露于二氧化硫的儿童的用力肺活量(FVC)、一秒钟用力呼气量(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC、呼气峰值流量(PEF)值明显较低(p < 0.001),Z-score BMI 水平较高(p = 0.018)。逻辑回归显示,未接触过 SHS 的儿童在 BEEP 测试中取得更好成绩的几率更高(OR 62.45,95% CI 21.26-179.24,p <0.001)。体能较差的儿童(以较低的 BEEP 分数水平表示)的 FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC 和 PEF 明显较低(P < 0.001):结论:儿童每天接触 SHS 与肺功能较差、体重指数较高和体质较差有关。
{"title":"Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ivan Pavić, Iva Topalušić, Tamara Poljičanin, Ozana Hofmann Jaeger, Sara Žaja, Asja Stipić Marković","doi":"10.3390/children11101250","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have documented the detrimental impacts of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure to a range of pediatric respiratory conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, and reduced lung function. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of SHS exposure on lung function, physical fitness, and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 10 to 14 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included children aged 10 to 14 years at the Elementary School \"Trilj\" in Trilj, Croatia. Data on SHS exposure were collected using a questionnaire. Antropometric and spirometry measurements were performed. Physical fitness was assessed using the shuttle run (BEEP) test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 157 children, 89 (56.69%) boys and 68 (43.31%) girls. Children exposed to every day SHS in households had significantly lower values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher z-score BMI levels (<i>p</i> = 0.018) in comparison to unexposed children. Logistic regression showed that children unexposed to SHS had higher odds for better results in the BEEP test (OR 62.45, 95% CI 21.26-179.24, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Children with poorer physical fitness, expressed by lower BEEP score levels, had significantly lower FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Every day SHS exposure in children was associated with poorer lung function, higher BMI, and poorer physical fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sub-Optimal Compliance to Long-Term Inhalation Strategies and Poorer Health Care Outcomes Associated with Extended Tattoos in Adolescents with Mild-to-Moderate Bronchial Asthma. 轻度至中度支气管哮喘青少年对长期吸入策略的次最佳依从性以及与长期纹身相关的较差的医疗结果
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/children11101254
Roberto W Dal Negro, Paola Turco, Massimiliano Povero

Background: Patients' compliance to inhalation therapy is usually sub-optimal in young asthmatics. Adolescents poorly compliant to regular anti-asthma treatments and those with tattoos (and the associated attitude) can share some personality traits and maladaptive behaviors. This relationship has not been investigated.

Objective: To assess if "extended" tattoos can predict long-term compliance to regular therapy of adolescents with mild-to-moderate asthma.

Methods: A 12-month retrospective observational investigation was conducted on non-smoker asthmatic adolescents of both genders. Patients assuming <70% of prescribed vilanterol/fluticasone furoate o.d. were defined as "non-compliant". Tattoo surfaces were defined as "mild" or "extended" if they were < or ≥400 cm2, respectively. The relationship between tattoos and compliance on the evolution of resources consumption at 6 and 12 months was assessed by generalized estimating equation (GEE) models at the first and second semester of the treatment period.

Results: It was found that 13.2% of compliant adolescents had mild tattoos, while 47.2% of non-compliant adolescents had mild-to-extended tattoos (odds ratio (OR) 6.91, 95% CI 2.49 to 19.17, p < 0.001). The mean annual adherence to treatment was 57.8% ± 10.1 SD expected doses in non-compliant subjects with "mild tattoos" (54.8 cm2 ± 36.9 SD), but 38.6% ± 11.4 SD expected doses in those with "extended tattoos" (568.4 cm2 ± 111.6 SD, p < 0.001). Total cost proved to be a linear trend from the lowest values of compliant patients with no/mild tattoos (EUR 65.22 at 6 months and EUR 33.63 at 12 months) to the highest values of non-compliant adolescents with extended tattoos (EUR 330.75 at 6 months and EUR 297.34 at 12 months).

Conclusions: Tattoo extension might be used as a reliable predictor of poor compliance and higher health care costs in adolescents with mild-to-moderate asthma. Patients characterized by poor compliance to a long-term therapeutic strategy and tattooing attitude likely share some aspects of their personality profile.

背景:青少年哮喘患者对吸入疗法的依从性通常不够理想。对常规抗哮喘治疗依从性差的青少年和有纹身(及相关态度)的青少年可能有一些共同的人格特质和不适应行为。这种关系尚未得到研究:评估 "扩展 "纹身能否预测轻度至中度哮喘青少年对常规治疗的长期依从性:对不吸烟的男女哮喘青少年进行了为期 12 个月的回顾性观察调查。患者分别为 2 岁和 3 岁。在治疗期的第一和第二学期,通过广义估计方程(GEE)模型评估了纹身和依从性对 6 个月和 12 个月资源消耗变化的影响:结果发现,13.2%的依从青少年有轻度纹身,而47.2%的非依从青少年有轻度至重度纹身(几率比(OR)6.91,95% CI 2.49至19.17,P <0.001)。有 "轻度纹身"(54.8 平方厘米 ± 36.9 SD)的不合规受试者的年平均治疗依从性为 57.8% ± 10.1 SD 预期剂量,而有 "扩展纹身"(568.4 平方厘米 ± 111.6 SD,p < 0.001)的受试者的年平均治疗依从性为 38.6% ± 11.4 SD 预期剂量。总费用呈线性趋势,无/轻度纹身患者的费用最低(6 个月为 65.22 欧元,12 个月为 33.63 欧元),而纹身扩展的青少年费用最高(6 个月为 330.75 欧元,12 个月为 297.34 欧元):纹身时间延长可作为轻度至中度哮喘青少年依从性差和医疗费用较高的可靠预测指标。患者对长期治疗策略的依从性差和纹身态度的特点可能与其性格特征的某些方面有关。
{"title":"Sub-Optimal Compliance to Long-Term Inhalation Strategies and Poorer Health Care Outcomes Associated with Extended Tattoos in Adolescents with Mild-to-Moderate Bronchial Asthma.","authors":"Roberto W Dal Negro, Paola Turco, Massimiliano Povero","doi":"10.3390/children11101254","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients' compliance to inhalation therapy is usually sub-optimal in young asthmatics. Adolescents poorly compliant to regular anti-asthma treatments and those with tattoos (and the associated attitude) can share some personality traits and maladaptive behaviors. This relationship has not been investigated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess if \"extended\" tattoos can predict long-term compliance to regular therapy of adolescents with mild-to-moderate asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 12-month retrospective observational investigation was conducted on non-smoker asthmatic adolescents of both genders. Patients assuming <70% of prescribed vilanterol/fluticasone furoate o.d. were defined as \"non-compliant\". Tattoo surfaces were defined as \"mild\" or \"extended\" if they were < or ≥400 cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The relationship between tattoos and compliance on the evolution of resources consumption at 6 and 12 months was assessed by generalized estimating equation (GEE) models at the first and second semester of the treatment period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that 13.2% of compliant adolescents had mild tattoos, while 47.2% of non-compliant adolescents had mild-to-extended tattoos (odds ratio (OR) 6.91, 95% CI 2.49 to 19.17, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The mean annual adherence to treatment was 57.8% ± 10.1 SD expected doses in non-compliant subjects with \"mild tattoos\" (54.8 cm<sup>2</sup> ± 36.9 SD), but 38.6% ± 11.4 SD expected doses in those with \"extended tattoos\" (568.4 cm<sup>2</sup> ± 111.6 SD, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Total cost proved to be a linear trend from the lowest values of compliant patients with no/mild tattoos (EUR 65.22 at 6 months and EUR 33.63 at 12 months) to the highest values of non-compliant adolescents with extended tattoos (EUR 330.75 at 6 months and EUR 297.34 at 12 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tattoo extension might be used as a reliable predictor of poor compliance and higher health care costs in adolescents with mild-to-moderate asthma. Patients characterized by poor compliance to a long-term therapeutic strategy and tattooing attitude likely share some aspects of their personality profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Could a Two-Staged Repair Be the Solution to the Dilemma of Repair Timing for Severe Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation? 两阶段修复术能否解决需要体外膜氧合的严重先天性膈疝的修复时机难题?
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/children11101255
Akiko Yokoi

Purpose of review: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains a significant challenge, particularly in severe cases with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) and hypoplastic lungs and heart. For patients unresponsive to conventional therapies, ECMO is required. While the surgical repair is relatively simple, determining the optimal timing for surgery in patients requiring ECMO is particularly challenging. This review explores the dilemma of surgical timing and proposes a two-staged approach: a reduction in herniated organs and the creation of a silo to relieve abdominal pressure before initiating ECMO, with defect closure following ECMO decannulation.

Recent findings: Studies support pre-, on-, and post-ECMO repair, each with its own risks and benefits. Pre-ECMO repair may enhance ECMO efficacy by relieving organ compression but poses risks due to instability. Post-ECMO repair is safer but may result in losing the chance to repair. On-ECMO repair has significant hemorrhage risks, but early repair with careful anticoagulation management is currently recommended. Recently, the author reported a successful case using a two-staged approach-reducing herniated organs and creating a silo before ECMO, followed by defect closure after ECMO decannulation-which suggests a potential alternative strategy for managing severe CDH.

Summary: A two-staged approach may offer a solution for severe CDH patients requiring ECMO.

审查目的:先天性膈疝(CDH)仍然是一项重大挑战,尤其是对于伴有持续性肺动脉高压(PPHN)、肺部和心脏发育不良的严重病例。对于常规疗法无效的患者,需要进行 ECMO。虽然手术修复相对简单,但确定需要 ECMO 患者的最佳手术时机尤其具有挑战性。这篇综述探讨了手术时机的两难选择,并提出了一种分两个阶段的方法:在启动 ECMO 之前,缩小疝出器官并创建一个筒仓以减轻腹压,然后在 ECMO 解除封管后关闭缺损:最近的研究结果:研究支持 ECMO 前、ECMO 中和 ECMO 后修复,每种方法都有各自的风险和益处。ECMO 前修复可缓解器官压迫,从而提高 ECMO 的疗效,但会因不稳定性而带来风险。ECMO 后修复更为安全,但可能导致失去修复机会。在 ECMO 上进行修复有很大的出血风险,但目前建议在早期修复的同时进行谨慎的抗凝管理。最近,作者报告了一例采用两阶段方法的成功病例--在 ECMO 之前减少疝出器官并创建一个筒仓,然后在 ECMO 解除封管后进行缺损闭合--这为处理严重 CDH 提出了一种潜在的替代策略。摘要:两阶段方法可为需要 ECMO 的严重 CDH 患者提供一种解决方案。
{"title":"Could a Two-Staged Repair Be the Solution to the Dilemma of Repair Timing for Severe Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation?","authors":"Akiko Yokoi","doi":"10.3390/children11101255","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains a significant challenge, particularly in severe cases with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) and hypoplastic lungs and heart. For patients unresponsive to conventional therapies, ECMO is required. While the surgical repair is relatively simple, determining the optimal timing for surgery in patients requiring ECMO is particularly challenging. This review explores the dilemma of surgical timing and proposes a two-staged approach: a reduction in herniated organs and the creation of a silo to relieve abdominal pressure before initiating ECMO, with defect closure following ECMO decannulation.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Studies support pre-, on-, and post-ECMO repair, each with its own risks and benefits. Pre-ECMO repair may enhance ECMO efficacy by relieving organ compression but poses risks due to instability. Post-ECMO repair is safer but may result in losing the chance to repair. On-ECMO repair has significant hemorrhage risks, but early repair with careful anticoagulation management is currently recommended. Recently, the author reported a successful case using a two-staged approach-reducing herniated organs and creating a silo before ECMO, followed by defect closure after ECMO decannulation-which suggests a potential alternative strategy for managing severe CDH.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>A two-staged approach may offer a solution for severe CDH patients requiring ECMO.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iontophoresis Improves the Impact on the Quality of Life of Children with Primary Hyperhidrosis-A Prospective Study and a Short Review. 离子透入疗法改善了原发性多汗症患儿的生活质量--一项前瞻性研究和一篇简短评论。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/children11101253
Florentina Nastase, Camelia Busila, Alin Codrut Nicolescu, Cristina Mihaela Marin, Alin Laurentiu Tatu

Background: Primary hyperhidrosis (PH) is a somatic and idiopathic pediatric skin disease. The eccrine glands are tiny and very numerous, with approximately 3 million distributed throughout the skin. There is no commonly accepted amount of sweating to define hyperhidrosis, but people with this disease suffer real limitations integrating into society, which can be quantified through quality of life measurement scales. We want to draw attention to this disease and its impact on children's quality of life because it is significant and there are no studies conducted on groups consisting solely of children.

Methods: There are various quality of life evaluation questionnaires for hyperhidrosis. We studied 103 children with hyperhidrosis by monitoring their sweat severity and its impact on quality of life, using the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale. We compared the scale results before and after 10 days of iontophoresis. This study includes only children under 18 years old, treated with iontophoresis.

Results: The average age of the group is 11.84 ± 2.89 years. Treatment success is recorded in 68 (66.02%) children, but a change in the score is recorded in 74 (71.84%) children. The average HDSS score at T0 is 2.95 ± 0.70, compared to the HDSS score at T1 of 1.92 ± 0.86.

Conclusions: Hyperhidrosis has a negative impact on daily life, especially self-esteem, occupational productivity, emotional well-being, and interpersonal relationships. Iontophoresis is a safe and effective treatment method that reduces the severity of hyperhidrosis and increases the quality of life.

背景:原发性多汗症(PH)是一种体质性、特发性小儿皮肤病。皮脂腺很小,但数量非常多,约有 300 万个分布在皮肤各处。对于多汗症的定义,目前还没有公认的出汗量,但患有这种疾病的人在融入社会时确实会受到限制,这可以通过生活质量测量量表来量化。我们希望提请大家注意这种疾病及其对儿童生活质量的影响,因为这种疾病对儿童的影响很大,而且目前还没有专门针对儿童群体的研究:多汗症有多种生活质量评估问卷。我们使用多汗症疾病严重程度量表对 103 名多汗症患儿进行了研究,监测他们出汗的严重程度及其对生活质量的影响。我们比较了离子透入疗法 10 天前后的量表结果。本研究仅包括接受离子透入疗法治疗的 18 岁以下儿童:研究组的平均年龄为 11.84±2.89 岁。有 68 名儿童(66.02%)治疗成功,但有 74 名儿童(71.84%)的评分出现变化。T0时的HDSS平均分为2.95 ± 0.70,而T1时的HDSS平均分为1.92 ± 0.86:多汗症对日常生活有负面影响,尤其是自尊、工作效率、情绪健康和人际关系。离子透入疗法是一种安全有效的治疗方法,可减轻多汗症的严重程度并提高生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Vertical Dimension Control in Two Different Treatment Protocols: Invisalign First and Bite Block-A Retrospective Study. 两种不同治疗方案的垂直尺寸控制:隐适美第一阶段和咬合阻滞--回顾性研究
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/children11101252
Giuseppina Laganà, Arianna Malara, Daniel Palmacci, Patrizio Bollero, Paola Cozza

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the vertical dimension changes, before and after treatment, in two groups of growing patients, one group treated with clear aligner therapy versus a group treated with Quad-helix and bite-block therapy.

Methods: The studied sample was composed of n. 40 patients (20 females and 20 males with a mean age of 8.6 ± 1.8 years), enrolled from the Department of Orthodontics at Policlinico of Rome Tor Vergata. The original sample was randomly divided into two groups: Group IF (Invisalign First) and Group BB (Quad-helix and bite block). Pre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1 after 12 months) lateral cephalograms were collected from all the selected patients. Nine cephalometric parameters, both angular and linear, were measured and recorded for each cephalogram.

Results: No statistically significant changes were found between both the IF and BB groups at T0, while statistically significant changes were observed in both groups (BB and IF) between T0 and T1 (after 12 months of active therapy), p < 0.005.

Conclusions: Both therapies were able to control the patient's vertical condition. To date, the use of conventional appliances seems to have slightly better efficacy in controlling the vertical dimension than aligner therapy.

背景:本研究的目的是比较两组生长期患者治疗前后垂直尺寸的变化,一组采用透明矫治器治疗,另一组采用四螺旋和咬合阻断治疗:研究样本由罗马托尔韦尔加塔医院正畸科的 40 名患者(20 名女性和 20 名男性,平均年龄为 8.6 ± 1.8 岁)组成。原始样本被随机分为两组:IF组(Invisalign First)和BB组(Quad-helix and bite block)。收集了所有入选患者治疗前(T0)和治疗后(12 个月后的 T1)的侧头影。测量并记录了每张头颅照片的九个头颅测量参数,包括角度和线性参数:结果:IF组和BB组在T0时均未发现有统计学意义的变化,而在T0和T1(积极治疗12个月后)之间,两组(BB组和IF组)均观察到有统计学意义的变化,P < 0.005:两种疗法都能控制患者的垂直状况。迄今为止,使用传统矫治器在控制垂直度方面的疗效似乎略优于矫治器疗法。
{"title":"Vertical Dimension Control in Two Different Treatment Protocols: Invisalign First and Bite Block-A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Giuseppina Laganà, Arianna Malara, Daniel Palmacci, Patrizio Bollero, Paola Cozza","doi":"10.3390/children11101252","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the present study was to compare the vertical dimension changes, before and after treatment, in two groups of growing patients, one group treated with clear aligner therapy versus a group treated with Quad-helix and bite-block therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The studied sample was composed of n. 40 patients (20 females and 20 males with a mean age of 8.6 ± 1.8 years), enrolled from the Department of Orthodontics at Policlinico of Rome Tor Vergata. The original sample was randomly divided into two groups: Group IF (Invisalign First) and Group BB (Quad-helix and bite block). Pre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1 after 12 months) lateral cephalograms were collected from all the selected patients. Nine cephalometric parameters, both angular and linear, were measured and recorded for each cephalogram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant changes were found between both the IF and BB groups at T0, while statistically significant changes were observed in both groups (BB and IF) between T0 and T1 (after 12 months of active therapy), <i>p</i> < 0.005.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both therapies were able to control the patient's vertical condition. To date, the use of conventional appliances seems to have slightly better efficacy in controlling the vertical dimension than aligner therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Children-Basel
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