Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-2
A.A. Aguirrechu
April 18, 2023 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding domestic economic geographer, Doctor of Geography, laureate of the USSR State Prize, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honorary Member of the Russian Geographical Society, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Professor Georgy Mikhailovich Lappo (1923–2020). Entering Moscow State University in 1947 as a part-time student, Georgy Mikhailovich graduated with honors and was recommended for full-time postgraduate studies. In the early 1960s returned to the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University to defend his Ph.D. thesis, and soon became an associate professor at the Department of Economic Geography of the USSR. Five and a half years later, he went to work at the Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences, with which he was associated in the next half century. And while he did not lose professional and friendly contacts with university colleagues. On the basis of publications and archival materials, the connection of the scientist with the Department of Economic Geography of the USSR of the Faculty of Geography for many decades is shown.
{"title":"G.M. Lappo and Moscow University","authors":"A.A. Aguirrechu","doi":"10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"April 18, 2023 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding domestic economic geographer, Doctor of Geography, laureate of the USSR State Prize, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honorary Member of the Russian Geographical Society, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Professor Georgy Mikhailovich Lappo (1923–2020). Entering Moscow State University in 1947 as a part-time student, Georgy Mikhailovich graduated with honors and was recommended for full-time postgraduate studies. In the early 1960s returned to the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University to defend his Ph.D. thesis, and soon became an associate professor at the Department of Economic Geography of the USSR. Five and a half years later, he went to work at the Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences, with which he was associated in the next half century. And while he did not lose professional and friendly contacts with university colleagues. On the basis of publications and archival materials, the connection of the scientist with the Department of Economic Geography of the USSR of the Faculty of Geography for many decades is shown.","PeriodicalId":486134,"journal":{"name":"Региональные исследования","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-1
G.M. Lappo
The material is a research report prepared by the author in 1965 as part of an expedition to study urban settlements in the Central Economic Region. G.M. Lappo led a detachment to study small towns. The report was discovered in the spring of 2023 in the archives of the Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University.
{"title":"Methodology for regional urban systems studies","authors":"G.M. Lappo","doi":"10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"The material is a research report prepared by the author in 1965 as part of an expedition to study urban settlements in the Central Economic Region. G.M. Lappo led a detachment to study small towns. The report was discovered in the spring of 2023 in the archives of the Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University.","PeriodicalId":486134,"journal":{"name":"Региональные исследования","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-6
O.A. Klimanova, O.A. Illarionova, V.V. Klimanov
According to the Strategy of Tourism Development in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2035, ensuring the necessary diversity of forms and types of tourism is one of the important opportunities to accelerate its development and increase its role in the socio-economic development of the country. This study is based on the idea of natural tourist attractions (NTA) - objects of natural origin that have a relatively high aesthetic appeal or significance for people as a place of rest or short-term visit. This work aims to identify the distribution of natural tourist attractors in Russia according to available geospatial databases, and to assess the advantages and disadvantages of such approach. As a result, we classified on the processing of the OSM geospatial database natural tourist attractors with the indication of typical objects of each class; defined the distribution of the total number of attractors by the subjects of the Russian Federation; and grouped regions according to the potential of attractors of a similar structure. In total, 106 thousand natural attractors have been allocated in the Russian Federation, forming five classes. In absolute values, the number of attractors in the regions of the country ranges from 12381 (Krasnodar Krai) to 77 (Republic of Kalmykia) with average and median values for the subject of 1443 and 907 PTAs, respectively. Among the leading subjects in the number of PTAs are the Krasnodar Territory, the Altai Republic and the Republic of Crimea. According to the predominance of one or another class of attractors, the regions of the country form five groups, the most numerous are the subjects with a predominance in the structure of the PTA class of geological and geomorphological attractors and watercourses and land water bodies.
{"title":"The geography of natural tourist attractors in Russia","authors":"O.A. Klimanova, O.A. Illarionova, V.V. Klimanov","doi":"10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Strategy of Tourism Development in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2035, ensuring the necessary diversity of forms and types of tourism is one of the important opportunities to accelerate its development and increase its role in the socio-economic development of the country. This study is based on the idea of natural tourist attractions (NTA) - objects of natural origin that have a relatively high aesthetic appeal or significance for people as a place of rest or short-term visit. This work aims to identify the distribution of natural tourist attractors in Russia according to available geospatial databases, and to assess the advantages and disadvantages of such approach. As a result, we classified on the processing of the OSM geospatial database natural tourist attractors with the indication of typical objects of each class; defined the distribution of the total number of attractors by the subjects of the Russian Federation; and grouped regions according to the potential of attractors of a similar structure. In total, 106 thousand natural attractors have been allocated in the Russian Federation, forming five classes. In absolute values, the number of attractors in the regions of the country ranges from 12381 (Krasnodar Krai) to 77 (Republic of Kalmykia) with average and median values for the subject of 1443 and 907 PTAs, respectively. Among the leading subjects in the number of PTAs are the Krasnodar Territory, the Altai Republic and the Republic of Crimea. According to the predominance of one or another class of attractors, the regions of the country form five groups, the most numerous are the subjects with a predominance in the structure of the PTA class of geological and geomorphological attractors and watercourses and land water bodies.","PeriodicalId":486134,"journal":{"name":"Региональные исследования","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents an analysis of the law regulation and regional distribution of funds provided within the framework of the „infrastructure menu“ instruments – additional measures of state support for infrastructure development in the regions of Russia. Two instruments are considered in detail – restructuring of budget loans and the issuance of infrastructure budget loans for regions. The emphasis is placed on the analysis of the principles of providing support and allocation funds by region, as well as on possible aspects of the potential impact of these instruments on the budgetary situation in the subjects of the Russian Federation. It is revealed that the regulated rules for the implementation of the analyzed instruments poorly take into account the real needs of the regions in funds for infrastructure development. The delayed nature of the start of repayment of the main part of budget loans (from 2025) and the restrictions on debt policy laid down in the regulatory framework for the regions create longterm risks of fiscal sustainability for most territories due to a sharp increase in debt servicing costs and probable shortfall of income from ongoing projects against the background of sanctions pressure. The article shows that mechanisms of the „infrastructure menu“ can play the most significant role only for relatively populated, but less developed territories that previously did not have sufficient budget funds for the implementation of large infrastructure projects – the Rostov and Vladimir oblasts, Republic of Daghestan, Altai kray, etc.
{"title":"Features of «infrastructure menu» credit instruments and their potential impact on budget situation in Russian regions","authors":"А.М. Abdullaev, D.Yu. Zemlyanskii, D.M. Medvednikova, V.A. Chuzhenkova","doi":"10.5922/1994-5280-2023-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2023-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the law regulation and regional distribution of funds provided within the framework of the „infrastructure menu“ instruments – additional measures of state support for infrastructure development in the regions of Russia. Two instruments are considered in detail – restructuring of budget loans and the issuance of infrastructure budget loans for regions. The emphasis is placed on the analysis of the principles of providing support and allocation funds by region, as well as on possible aspects of the potential impact of these instruments on the budgetary situation in the subjects of the Russian Federation. It is revealed that the regulated rules for the implementation of the analyzed instruments poorly take into account the real needs of the regions in funds for infrastructure development. The delayed nature of the start of repayment of the main part of budget loans (from 2025) and the restrictions on debt policy laid down in the regulatory framework for the regions create longterm risks of fiscal sustainability for most territories due to a sharp increase in debt servicing costs and probable shortfall of income from ongoing projects against the background of sanctions pressure. The article shows that mechanisms of the „infrastructure menu“ can play the most significant role only for relatively populated, but less developed territories that previously did not have sufficient budget funds for the implementation of large infrastructure projects – the Rostov and Vladimir oblasts, Republic of Daghestan, Altai kray, etc.","PeriodicalId":486134,"journal":{"name":"Региональные исследования","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-3
S.A. Tarkhov
The growth of air transportation in India, caused by the economic boom in the 2010s, led to the need for the reconstruction of old (brownfield) and the construction of new (greenfield) airports. In accordance with the UDAN regional air connectivity improvement program, implemented since 2017, it is planned to build 70 airports in new locations. There are 109 civil airports of common use. Information about airports that have already been built, are under construction and are being designed is provided. Despite the implementation of part of the UDAN program, it turned out that a number of newly built airports were insufficiently loaded, new ghost airports appeared that are not in demand among air passengers. The features of the location of the country‘s airport network, its density (the number of operating passenger airports per 100 thousand square kilometers) are analyzed. Differences in the size of the Umland of airports (the ground gravity zone of one airport; calculated as the area of the territory in thousand square meters km divided by the number of passenger airports with regular traffic) and the potential air passenger capacity of the territory gravitating towards them (the number of residents of the territory per 1 operating airport). According to these three parameters (the density of the network, the size of the Umland, the air passenger capacity of the territory), a comparison was made with the network of airports in Indonesia.
{"title":"Spatial structure of airports network in India","authors":"S.A. Tarkhov","doi":"10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of air transportation in India, caused by the economic boom in the 2010s, led to the need for the reconstruction of old (brownfield) and the construction of new (greenfield) airports. In accordance with the UDAN regional air connectivity improvement program, implemented since 2017, it is planned to build 70 airports in new locations. There are 109 civil airports of common use. Information about airports that have already been built, are under construction and are being designed is provided. Despite the implementation of part of the UDAN program, it turned out that a number of newly built airports were insufficiently loaded, new ghost airports appeared that are not in demand among air passengers. The features of the location of the country‘s airport network, its density (the number of operating passenger airports per 100 thousand square kilometers) are analyzed. Differences in the size of the Umland of airports (the ground gravity zone of one airport; calculated as the area of the territory in thousand square meters km divided by the number of passenger airports with regular traffic) and the potential air passenger capacity of the territory gravitating towards them (the number of residents of the territory per 1 operating airport). According to these three parameters (the density of the network, the size of the Umland, the air passenger capacity of the territory), a comparison was made with the network of airports in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":486134,"journal":{"name":"Региональные исследования","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-8
K.A. Strakhov
There is an opinion in the scientific literature that intracity zoning has no tradition in Russian geography. This misconception is refuted in this article: a bibliography of the Soviet geographers` works on intracity territorial differentiation and zoning was collected and systematized, and the formation of the main directions of research was traced. As the author shows, at the first stage (mid-1920s – mid-1930s) the general theoretical ideas about the principles and methods of urban differentiation were developed, intraurban economic, social and cultural differences were considered in interrelation, research was interdisciplinary in nature with the leading role of local study (“geography of place”). At the second stage (mid1930s – early 1960s) in the conditions of tightening ideological restrictions zoning was reduced to the city`s anatomy: material space was zoned, complex studies were reduced to functional, social and humanitarian issues were discarded, the geographers views were turned to the past. There were four directions of city zoning: industrial, historical, physical and economicgeographical (planned), the first and last didn„t find continuation outside of the period. The socialization and humanization of research at the third stage (early 1960s – late 1980s) formed a request for study of the city`s physiology, the search for measurable differentiating features continued, but a generally accepted methodology wasn`t developed. The article emphasizes the relevance of the leading Soviet scientists` ideas (N.P. Antsiferov, V.V. Pokshishevsky, N.E. Dik, etc.). Those ideas were often significantly ahead of their time.
{"title":"Intracity territorial differentiation and zoning in Soviet geography studies (1920s-1980s)","authors":"K.A. Strakhov","doi":"10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2023-2-8","url":null,"abstract":"There is an opinion in the scientific literature that intracity zoning has no tradition in Russian geography. This misconception is refuted in this article: a bibliography of the Soviet geographers` works on intracity territorial differentiation and zoning was collected and systematized, and the formation of the main directions of research was traced. As the author shows, at the first stage (mid-1920s – mid-1930s) the general theoretical ideas about the principles and methods of urban differentiation were developed, intraurban economic, social and cultural differences were considered in interrelation, research was interdisciplinary in nature with the leading role of local study (“geography of place”). At the second stage (mid1930s – early 1960s) in the conditions of tightening ideological restrictions zoning was reduced to the city`s anatomy: material space was zoned, complex studies were reduced to functional, social and humanitarian issues were discarded, the geographers views were turned to the past. There were four directions of city zoning: industrial, historical, physical and economicgeographical (planned), the first and last didn„t find continuation outside of the period. The socialization and humanization of research at the third stage (early 1960s – late 1980s) formed a request for study of the city`s physiology, the search for measurable differentiating features continued, but a generally accepted methodology wasn`t developed. The article emphasizes the relevance of the leading Soviet scientists` ideas (N.P. Antsiferov, V.V. Pokshishevsky, N.E. Dik, etc.). Those ideas were often significantly ahead of their time.","PeriodicalId":486134,"journal":{"name":"Региональные исследования","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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