Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00373-z
Nilton Salles Rosa Neto, Ivânio Alves Pereira, F. Sztajnbok, V. F. Azevedo
{"title":"Unraveling the genetic collagen connection: clinical and therapeutic insights on genetic connective tissue disorders","authors":"Nilton Salles Rosa Neto, Ivânio Alves Pereira, F. Sztajnbok, V. F. Azevedo","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00373-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00373-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00358-y
Thomas J. Schnitzer, Philip G. Conaghan, Francis Berenbaum, Lucy Abraham, Joseph C. Cappelleri, Andrew G. Bushmakin, Lars Viktrup, Ruoyong Yang, Mark T. Brown
To illustrate how (standardised) effect sizes (ES) vary based on calculation method and to provide considerations for improved reporting. Data from three trials of tanezumab in subjects with osteoarthritis were analyzed. ES of tanezumab versus comparator for WOMAC Pain (outcome) was defined as least squares difference between means (mixed model for repeated measures analysis) divided by a pooled standard deviation (SD) of outcome scores. Three approaches to computing the SD were evaluated: Baseline (the pooled SD of WOMAC Pain values at baseline [pooled across treatments]); Endpoint (the pooled SD of these values at the time primary endpoints were assessed); and Median (the median pooled SD of these values based on the pooled SDs across available timepoints). Bootstrap analyses were used to compute 95% confidence intervals (CI). ES (95% CI) of tanezumab 2.5 mg based on Baseline, Endpoint, and Median SDs in one study were − 0.416 (− 0.796, − 0.060), − 0.195 (− 0.371, − 0.028), and − 0.196 (− 0.373, − 0.028), respectively; negative values indicate pain improvement. This pattern of ES differences (largest with Baseline SD, smallest with Endpoint SD, Median SD similar to Endpoint SD) was consistent across all studies and doses of tanezumab. Differences in ES affect interpretation of treatment effect. Therefore, we advocate clearly reporting individual elements of ES in addition to its overall calculation. This is particularly important when ES estimates are used to determine sample sizes for clinical trials, as larger ES will lead to smaller sample sizes and potentially underpowered studies. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02697773, NCT02709486, and NCT02528188.
{"title":"Effect size varies based on calculation method and may affect interpretation of treatment effect: an illustration using randomised clinical trials in osteoarthritis","authors":"Thomas J. Schnitzer, Philip G. Conaghan, Francis Berenbaum, Lucy Abraham, Joseph C. Cappelleri, Andrew G. Bushmakin, Lars Viktrup, Ruoyong Yang, Mark T. Brown","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00358-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00358-y","url":null,"abstract":"To illustrate how (standardised) effect sizes (ES) vary based on calculation method and to provide considerations for improved reporting. Data from three trials of tanezumab in subjects with osteoarthritis were analyzed. ES of tanezumab versus comparator for WOMAC Pain (outcome) was defined as least squares difference between means (mixed model for repeated measures analysis) divided by a pooled standard deviation (SD) of outcome scores. Three approaches to computing the SD were evaluated: Baseline (the pooled SD of WOMAC Pain values at baseline [pooled across treatments]); Endpoint (the pooled SD of these values at the time primary endpoints were assessed); and Median (the median pooled SD of these values based on the pooled SDs across available timepoints). Bootstrap analyses were used to compute 95% confidence intervals (CI). ES (95% CI) of tanezumab 2.5 mg based on Baseline, Endpoint, and Median SDs in one study were − 0.416 (− 0.796, − 0.060), − 0.195 (− 0.371, − 0.028), and − 0.196 (− 0.373, − 0.028), respectively; negative values indicate pain improvement. This pattern of ES differences (largest with Baseline SD, smallest with Endpoint SD, Median SD similar to Endpoint SD) was consistent across all studies and doses of tanezumab. Differences in ES affect interpretation of treatment effect. Therefore, we advocate clearly reporting individual elements of ES in addition to its overall calculation. This is particularly important when ES estimates are used to determine sample sizes for clinical trials, as larger ES will lead to smaller sample sizes and potentially underpowered studies. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02697773, NCT02709486, and NCT02528188.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140636620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00369-9
Mirhelen Mendes de Abreu, Odirlei Andre Monticielo, Vander Fernandes, Dalianna Luise Andrade Souto Rodrigues, Cristhiane Almeida Leite da Silva, Alexandre Cristovão Maiorano, Fernando dos Santos Beserra, Flavia Rachel Moreira Lamarão, Bruna Medeiros Gonçalves de Veras, Nathalie David, Magda Araújo, Marcelly Cristinny Ribeiro Alves, Matheus Amaral Stocco, Fernando Mello Lima, Emilly Borret, Andrese Aline Gasparin, Gustavo Flores Chapacais, Guilherme Andrade Bulbol, Diogo da Silva Lima, Natália Jardim Martins da Silva, Marta Maria Costa Freitas, Blanca Elena Rios Gomes Bica, Domingos Sávio Nunes de Lima, Marta Maria das Chagas Medeiros
A cost of illness (COI) study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic burden that an illness imposes on society as a whole. This study aimed to describe the resources used, patterns of care, direct cost, and loss of productivity due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Brazil. This 12-month, cross-sectional, COI study of patients with SLE (ACR 1997 Classification Criteria) collected data using patient interviews (questionnaires) and medical records, covering: SLE profile, resources used, morbidities, quality of life (12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-12), and loss of productivity. Patients were excluded if they were retired or on sick leave for another illness. Direct resources included health-related (consultations, tests, medications, hospitalization) or non-health-related (transportation, home adaptation, expenditure on caregivers) hospital resources.Costs were calculated using the unit value of each resource and the quantity consumed. A gamma regression model explored cost predictors for patients with SLE. Overall, 300 patients with SLE were included (92.3% female,mean [standard deviation (SD)] disease duration 11.8 [7.9] years), of which 100 patients (33.3%) were on SLE-related sick leave and 46 patients (15.3%) had stopped schooling. Mean (SD) travel time from home to a care facility was 4.4 (12.6) hours. Antimalarials were the most commonly used drugs (222 [74.0%]). A negative correlation was observed between SF-12 physical component and SLE Disease Activity Index (− 0.117, p = 0.042), Systemic Lupus International CollaboratingClinics/AmericanCollegeofRheumatology Damage Index (− 0.115, p = 0.046), medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (− 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific drugs/day (− 0.113, p = 0.051), and lost productivity (− 0.570, p < 0.001). For the mental component, a negative correlation was observed with medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (− 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific medications/day (− 0.113, p = 0.051), and missed appointments (− 0.232, p < 0.001). Mean total SLE cost was US$3,123.53/patient/year (median [interquartile range (IQR)] US$1,618.51 [$678.66, $4,601.29]). Main expenditure was medication, with a median (IQR) cost of US$910.62 ($460, $4,033.51). Mycophenolate increased costs by 3.664 times (p < 0.001), and inflammatory monitoring (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein) reduced expenditure by 0.381 times (p < 0.001). These results allowed access to care patterns, the median cost for patients with SLE in Brazil, and the differences across regions driven by biological, social, and behavioral factors. The cost of SLE provides an updated setting to support the decision-making process across the country.
{"title":"Characterization of the patterns of care, access, and direct cost of systemic lupus erythematosus in Brazil: findings from the Macunaíma study","authors":"Mirhelen Mendes de Abreu, Odirlei Andre Monticielo, Vander Fernandes, Dalianna Luise Andrade Souto Rodrigues, Cristhiane Almeida Leite da Silva, Alexandre Cristovão Maiorano, Fernando dos Santos Beserra, Flavia Rachel Moreira Lamarão, Bruna Medeiros Gonçalves de Veras, Nathalie David, Magda Araújo, Marcelly Cristinny Ribeiro Alves, Matheus Amaral Stocco, Fernando Mello Lima, Emilly Borret, Andrese Aline Gasparin, Gustavo Flores Chapacais, Guilherme Andrade Bulbol, Diogo da Silva Lima, Natália Jardim Martins da Silva, Marta Maria Costa Freitas, Blanca Elena Rios Gomes Bica, Domingos Sávio Nunes de Lima, Marta Maria das Chagas Medeiros","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00369-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00369-9","url":null,"abstract":"A cost of illness (COI) study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic burden that an illness imposes on society as a whole. This study aimed to describe the resources used, patterns of care, direct cost, and loss of productivity due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Brazil. This 12-month, cross-sectional, COI study of patients with SLE (ACR 1997 Classification Criteria) collected data using patient interviews (questionnaires) and medical records, covering: SLE profile, resources used, morbidities, quality of life (12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-12), and loss of productivity. Patients were excluded if they were retired or on sick leave for another illness. Direct resources included health-related (consultations, tests, medications, hospitalization) or non-health-related (transportation, home adaptation, expenditure on caregivers) hospital resources.Costs were calculated using the unit value of each resource and the quantity consumed. A gamma regression model explored cost predictors for patients with SLE. Overall, 300 patients with SLE were included (92.3% female,mean [standard deviation (SD)] disease duration 11.8 [7.9] years), of which 100 patients (33.3%) were on SLE-related sick leave and 46 patients (15.3%) had stopped schooling. Mean (SD) travel time from home to a care facility was 4.4 (12.6) hours. Antimalarials were the most commonly used drugs (222 [74.0%]). A negative correlation was observed between SF-12 physical component and SLE Disease Activity Index (− 0.117, p = 0.042), Systemic Lupus International CollaboratingClinics/AmericanCollegeofRheumatology Damage Index (− 0.115, p = 0.046), medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (− 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific drugs/day (− 0.113, p = 0.051), and lost productivity (− 0.570, p < 0.001). For the mental component, a negative correlation was observed with medications/day for multiple co-morbidities (− 0.272, p < 0.001), SLE-specific medications/day (− 0.113, p = 0.051), and missed appointments (− 0.232, p < 0.001). Mean total SLE cost was US$3,123.53/patient/year (median [interquartile range (IQR)] US$1,618.51 [$678.66, $4,601.29]). Main expenditure was medication, with a median (IQR) cost of US$910.62 ($460, $4,033.51). Mycophenolate increased costs by 3.664 times (p < 0.001), and inflammatory monitoring (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein) reduced expenditure by 0.381 times (p < 0.001). These results allowed access to care patterns, the median cost for patients with SLE in Brazil, and the differences across regions driven by biological, social, and behavioral factors. The cost of SLE provides an updated setting to support the decision-making process across the country.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00365-z
Blanca E R G Bica, Alexandre Wagner S de Souza, Ivânio Alves Pereira
Relapsing polychondritis is a rare multisystem disease involving cartilaginous and proteoglycan-rich structures. The diagnosis of this disease is mainly suggested by the presence of flares of inflammation of the cartilage, particularly in the ears, nose or respiratory tract, and more rarely, in the presence of other manifestations. The spectrum of clinical presentations may vary from intermittent episodes of painful and often disfiguring auricular and nasal chondritis to an occasional organ or even life-threatening manifestations such as lower airway collapse. There is a lack of awareness about this disease is mainly due to its rarity. In 2020, VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome, a novel autoinflammatory syndrome, was described. VEXAS syndrome is attributed to somatic mutations in methionine-41 of UBA1, the major E1 enzyme that initiates ubiquitylation. This new disease entity connects seemingly unrelated conditions: systemic inflammatory syndromes (relapsing chondritis, Sweet’s syndrome, and neutrophilic dermatosis) and hematologic disorders (myelodysplastic syndrome or multiple myeloma). Therefore, this article reviews the current literature on both disease entities.
{"title":"Unveiling the clinical spectrum of relapsing polychondritis: insights into its pathogenesis, novel monogenic causes, and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Blanca E R G Bica, Alexandre Wagner S de Souza, Ivânio Alves Pereira","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00365-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00365-z","url":null,"abstract":"Relapsing polychondritis is a rare multisystem disease involving cartilaginous and proteoglycan-rich structures. The diagnosis of this disease is mainly suggested by the presence of flares of inflammation of the cartilage, particularly in the ears, nose or respiratory tract, and more rarely, in the presence of other manifestations. The spectrum of clinical presentations may vary from intermittent episodes of painful and often disfiguring auricular and nasal chondritis to an occasional organ or even life-threatening manifestations such as lower airway collapse. There is a lack of awareness about this disease is mainly due to its rarity. In 2020, VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome, a novel autoinflammatory syndrome, was described. VEXAS syndrome is attributed to somatic mutations in methionine-41 of UBA1, the major E1 enzyme that initiates ubiquitylation. This new disease entity connects seemingly unrelated conditions: systemic inflammatory syndromes (relapsing chondritis, Sweet’s syndrome, and neutrophilic dermatosis) and hematologic disorders (myelodysplastic syndrome or multiple myeloma). Therefore, this article reviews the current literature on both disease entities.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140614377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00370-2
Flavio Sztajnbok, Adriana Rodrigues Fonseca, Leonardo Rodrigues Campos, Kátia Lino, Marta Cristine Félix Rodrigues, Rodrigo Moulin Silva, Rozana Gasparello de Almeida, Sandro Félix Perazzio, Margarida de Fátima Fernandes Carvalho
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare genetic hyperinflammatory syndrome that occurs early in life. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) usually refers to a secondary form of HLH associated with autoimmunity, although there are other causes of secondary HLH, such as infections and malignancy. In this article, we reviewed the concepts, epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HLH and MAS. We also reviewed the presence of MAS in the most common autoimmune diseases that affect children. Both are severe diseases that require prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid morbidity and mortality.
嗜血细胞淋巴组织细胞增生症（HLH）是一种罕见的遗传性高炎症综合征，早年即会发病。巨噬细胞活化综合征（MAS）通常是指与自身免疫相关的继发性HLH，但继发性HLH也有其他病因，如感染和恶性肿瘤。本文回顾了 HLH 和 MAS 的概念、流行病学、临床和实验室特征、诊断、鉴别诊断、预后和治疗。我们还回顾了 MAS 在影响儿童的最常见自身免疫性疾病中的存在。这两种疾病都很严重，需要及时诊断和治疗，以避免发病和死亡。
{"title":"Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome: two rare sides of the same devastating coin","authors":"Flavio Sztajnbok, Adriana Rodrigues Fonseca, Leonardo Rodrigues Campos, Kátia Lino, Marta Cristine Félix Rodrigues, Rodrigo Moulin Silva, Rozana Gasparello de Almeida, Sandro Félix Perazzio, Margarida de Fátima Fernandes Carvalho","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00370-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00370-2","url":null,"abstract":"Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare genetic hyperinflammatory syndrome that occurs early in life. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) usually refers to a secondary form of HLH associated with autoimmunity, although there are other causes of secondary HLH, such as infections and malignancy. In this article, we reviewed the concepts, epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HLH and MAS. We also reviewed the presence of MAS in the most common autoimmune diseases that affect children. Both are severe diseases that require prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140614379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00348-6
Míriam Küster Huber, Valeria Valim, Érica Vieira Serrano, José Alexandre Mendonça, Rafael Burgomeister Lourenço, Thaisa Moraes Ribeiro Espírito Santo, Hilde Nordal, Maria de Fátima Bissoli, Maria Bernadete Renoldi de Oliveira Gavi
Enteropathic spondyloarthritis is underdiagnosed and inflammatory biomarkers and ultrasonography (US) could be useful for screening inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in IBD patients, according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria and the correlation of results of US of entheses and joints with plasma calprotectin levels. This was an observational cross-sectional study. Patients from the IBD outpatient clinic of a reference center were evaluated according to ASAS criteria classification, results of US of entheses and joints, and inflammatory biomarker measurements (erythrocyte sedimentation rates, C-reactive protein levels, fecal and plasma calprotectin levels). A p value lower than 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 30.5% of the studied sample (n = 118) of patients with IBD presented at least one inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestation. The overall prevalence of enteropathic SpA was 13.55%, with 10.16% axial SpA and 4.23% peripheral SpA according to the ASAS criteria. A total of 42.1% of patients had an MASEI score greater than 18, 35.2% had synovitis, and 14.7% had tenosynovitis on US, increasing the frequency of diagnosis of enteropathic SpA to 22.8%. Plasma calprotectin levels were similar to those in healthy controls, and correlated only with the fecal calprotectin level (p 0.041). A total of 13.5% of patients met the criteria in accordance with the ASAS criteria for enteropathic SpA, which increased to 22.8% with the addition of US. The prevalence of enthesitis, synovitis and tenosynovitis by US of symptomatic joints and entheses were 42%, 35% and 14.7% respectively. Plasma calprotectin was correlated with fecal calprotectin but not with inflammatory biomarkers or US or ASAS criteria.
肠病性脊柱关节炎诊断率低，而炎症生物标志物和超声波检查（US）可用于筛查炎症性肠病（IBD）患者。本研究的目的是根据脊柱关节炎国际协会（ASAS）的评估标准，评估脊柱关节炎（SpondyloArthritis，SPA）在 IBD 患者中的患病率，以及粘膜和关节超声检查结果与血浆钙蛋白水平的相关性。这是一项观察性横断面研究。参照中心的 IBD 门诊根据 ASAS 标准分类、内膜和关节 US 检测结果以及炎症生物标志物测量结果（红细胞沉降率、C 反应蛋白水平、粪便和血浆钙蛋白水平）对患者进行了评估。P 值低于 0.05 即为显著。在所研究的样本（n = 118）中，共有 30.5% 的 IBD 患者至少有一种炎症性肌肉骨骼表现。根据 ASAS 标准，肠病性 SpA 的总发病率为 13.55%，其中 10.16% 为轴向 SpA，4.23% 为周围 SpA。共有42.1%的患者的MASEI评分大于18分，35.2%的患者患有滑膜炎，14.7%的患者在US检查中发现了腱鞘炎，这使得肠病性斯巴炎的诊断率增加到22.8%。血浆钙蛋白水平与健康对照组相似，仅与粪便钙蛋白水平相关（P 0.041）。根据 ASAS 标准，共有 13.5% 的患者符合肠病性脊柱炎的标准，加上 US 标准后，这一比例增至 22.8%。通过对有症状的关节和夹缝进行US检查，发现夹缝炎、滑膜炎和腱鞘炎的发病率分别为42%、35%和14.7%。血浆钙蛋白与粪便钙蛋白相关，但与炎症生物标志物或 US 或 ASAS 标准无关。
{"title":"Prevalence of spondyloarthritis in inflammatory bowel disease according ASAS and ultrassonography and its correlation with plasma calprotectin","authors":"Míriam Küster Huber, Valeria Valim, Érica Vieira Serrano, José Alexandre Mendonça, Rafael Burgomeister Lourenço, Thaisa Moraes Ribeiro Espírito Santo, Hilde Nordal, Maria de Fátima Bissoli, Maria Bernadete Renoldi de Oliveira Gavi","doi":"10.1186/s42358-023-00348-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-023-00348-6","url":null,"abstract":"Enteropathic spondyloarthritis is underdiagnosed and inflammatory biomarkers and ultrasonography (US) could be useful for screening inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in IBD patients, according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria and the correlation of results of US of entheses and joints with plasma calprotectin levels. This was an observational cross-sectional study. Patients from the IBD outpatient clinic of a reference center were evaluated according to ASAS criteria classification, results of US of entheses and joints, and inflammatory biomarker measurements (erythrocyte sedimentation rates, C-reactive protein levels, fecal and plasma calprotectin levels). A p value lower than 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 30.5% of the studied sample (n = 118) of patients with IBD presented at least one inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestation. The overall prevalence of enteropathic SpA was 13.55%, with 10.16% axial SpA and 4.23% peripheral SpA according to the ASAS criteria. A total of 42.1% of patients had an MASEI score greater than 18, 35.2% had synovitis, and 14.7% had tenosynovitis on US, increasing the frequency of diagnosis of enteropathic SpA to 22.8%. Plasma calprotectin levels were similar to those in healthy controls, and correlated only with the fecal calprotectin level (p 0.041). A total of 13.5% of patients met the criteria in accordance with the ASAS criteria for enteropathic SpA, which increased to 22.8% with the addition of US. The prevalence of enthesitis, synovitis and tenosynovitis by US of symptomatic joints and entheses were 42%, 35% and 14.7% respectively. Plasma calprotectin was correlated with fecal calprotectin but not with inflammatory biomarkers or US or ASAS criteria.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00368-w
Oh Chan Kwon, Wonho Choi, Soo Min Ahn, Ji Seon Oh, Seokchan Hong, Chang-Keun Lee, Bin Yoo, Min-Chan Park, Yong-Gil Kim
To assess the drug survival and change of disease activity using a second Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) after failure to a JAKi and subsequent biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This retrospective cohort study included 32 patients with difficult-to-treat RA who failed to a JAKi and subsequently to one or more bDMARDs and then switched to a second JAKi. To assess drug survival, electronic medical records of each patient were reviewed. Data on whether the second JAKi was discontinued, and the reasons for discontinuation were collected. The change of disease activity was assessed by analyzing changes in tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), patient’s global assessment of disease activity on a visual-analogue scale (VAS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Disease Activity Score for 28 joints with ESR (DAS28-ESR), and DAS28-CRP from baseline to that at six months from initiation of the second JAKi. Overall, discontinuation of the second JAKi occurred in 20 (62.5%) patients. Primary failure, secondary failure, adverse events, and insurance coverage issues were the reasons for discontinuation in 9 (45.0%), 5 (25.0%), 2 (10.0%), and 4 (20.0%) patients, respectively. The estimated 2-year drug survival rate was 39.3%. In terms of change of disease activity, the second JAKi significantly improved TJC (p < 0.001), SJC (p < 0.001), VAS (p < 0.001), CRP (p = 0.026), DAS28-ESR (p < 0.001), and DAS28-CRP (p < 0.001) at 6-month compared with that at the baseline. Second JAKi could be a therapeutic option in patients with difficult-to-treat RA who have failed to a JAKi and subsequent bDMARDs.
{"title":"Drug survival and change of disease activity using a second janus kinase inhibitor in patients with difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis who failed to a janus kinase inhibitor and subsequent biologics","authors":"Oh Chan Kwon, Wonho Choi, Soo Min Ahn, Ji Seon Oh, Seokchan Hong, Chang-Keun Lee, Bin Yoo, Min-Chan Park, Yong-Gil Kim","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00368-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00368-w","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the drug survival and change of disease activity using a second Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) after failure to a JAKi and subsequent biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This retrospective cohort study included 32 patients with difficult-to-treat RA who failed to a JAKi and subsequently to one or more bDMARDs and then switched to a second JAKi. To assess drug survival, electronic medical records of each patient were reviewed. Data on whether the second JAKi was discontinued, and the reasons for discontinuation were collected. The change of disease activity was assessed by analyzing changes in tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), patient’s global assessment of disease activity on a visual-analogue scale (VAS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Disease Activity Score for 28 joints with ESR (DAS28-ESR), and DAS28-CRP from baseline to that at six months from initiation of the second JAKi. Overall, discontinuation of the second JAKi occurred in 20 (62.5%) patients. Primary failure, secondary failure, adverse events, and insurance coverage issues were the reasons for discontinuation in 9 (45.0%), 5 (25.0%), 2 (10.0%), and 4 (20.0%) patients, respectively. The estimated 2-year drug survival rate was 39.3%. In terms of change of disease activity, the second JAKi significantly improved TJC (p < 0.001), SJC (p < 0.001), VAS (p < 0.001), CRP (p = 0.026), DAS28-ESR (p < 0.001), and DAS28-CRP (p < 0.001) at 6-month compared with that at the baseline. Second JAKi could be a therapeutic option in patients with difficult-to-treat RA who have failed to a JAKi and subsequent bDMARDs.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nail involvement is frequent in patients with psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and there is a relationship between nail involvement and inflammation of the enthesis. The main objective of the present study is to describe the ultrasound findings and clinical characteristics of nails from patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis with and without nail dystrophy. A cross-sectional study including consecutive patients with PsO and PsA was carried out. The study patients were divided into 4 groups, totaling 120 participants. Group 1: patients with psoriasis vulgaris and clinically normal nails; Group 2: patients with psoriasis vulgaris and onychodystrophy; Group 3: patients with psoriatic arthritis and clinically normal nails; Group 4: patients with psoriatic arthritis and onychodystrophy; All patients were submitted to dermatological and rheumatological clinical analysis. Ultrasound examinations was performed by a single examiner, blinded to all clinical data, with ultrasound high resolution, in B-mode or gray-scale (GS), Power Doppler (PD) and Spectral Doppler. A significant difference was found between the groups regarding the variable Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) (p = 0.008) and body surface area (BSA) (p = 0.005), with patients with psoriatic arthritis having lower PASI and BSA compared to patients with only cutaneous psoriasis. A positive relationship was found with the average ultrasound thickness of the nail bed and the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) in correlation analysis (rho = 0.344). When we grouped patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, there was no significant difference between the cutaneous psoriasis groups and the psoriatic arthritis groups in terms of nail plate GS (p = 0.442), nail bed PD (p = 0.124). Greater nail bed thickness indicates early psoriatic nail disease, as confirmed in our study correlating NAPSI with nail bed thickness. Ultrasonography is a low-cost exam, promising in the evaluation, showing that the ultrasound grayscale is consistent with those who have dystrophic nails, but it can’t distinguish psoriasis from psoriatic arthritis, even in those with nail dystrophy.
{"title":"Ultrasonographic and power doppler parameters of nails fail to differentiate between onychodystrophy in patients with psoriasis vulgaris or psoriatic arthritis","authors":"Anber Ancel Tanaka, Betina Werner, Annelise Correa Bueno Bragatto, Thelma Larocca Skare, Bárbara Stadler","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00367-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-024-00367-x","url":null,"abstract":"Nail involvement is frequent in patients with psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and there is a relationship between nail involvement and inflammation of the enthesis. The main objective of the present study is to describe the ultrasound findings and clinical characteristics of nails from patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis with and without nail dystrophy. A cross-sectional study including consecutive patients with PsO and PsA was carried out. The study patients were divided into 4 groups, totaling 120 participants. Group 1: patients with psoriasis vulgaris and clinically normal nails; Group 2: patients with psoriasis vulgaris and onychodystrophy; Group 3: patients with psoriatic arthritis and clinically normal nails; Group 4: patients with psoriatic arthritis and onychodystrophy; All patients were submitted to dermatological and rheumatological clinical analysis. Ultrasound examinations was performed by a single examiner, blinded to all clinical data, with ultrasound high resolution, in B-mode or gray-scale (GS), Power Doppler (PD) and Spectral Doppler. A significant difference was found between the groups regarding the variable Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) (p = 0.008) and body surface area (BSA) (p = 0.005), with patients with psoriatic arthritis having lower PASI and BSA compared to patients with only cutaneous psoriasis. A positive relationship was found with the average ultrasound thickness of the nail bed and the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) in correlation analysis (rho = 0.344). When we grouped patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, there was no significant difference between the cutaneous psoriasis groups and the psoriatic arthritis groups in terms of nail plate GS (p = 0.442), nail bed PD (p = 0.124). Greater nail bed thickness indicates early psoriatic nail disease, as confirmed in our study correlating NAPSI with nail bed thickness. Ultrasonography is a low-cost exam, promising in the evaluation, showing that the ultrasound grayscale is consistent with those who have dystrophic nails, but it can’t distinguish psoriasis from psoriatic arthritis, even in those with nail dystrophy.","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00363-1
Ana Luisa Bagno de Almeida, Maria Fernanda B Resende Guimarães, Maria Raquel da Costa Pinto, Leticia Rocha Pereira, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides Reis, Karina Rossi Bonfiglioli, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Rina Dalva Neubarth Giorgi, Gláucio Ricardo Werner de Castro, Sebastião Cezar Radominski, Claiton Viegas Brenol, Alisson Pugliesi, Licia Maria Henrique da Mota, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar-Pinheiro
Background: Infections increase mortality and morbidity and often limit immunosuppressive treatment in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Objective: To analyze the occurrence of serious infections and the associated factors in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients under real-life conditions.
Methods: We analyzed data from the REAL, a prospective observational study, that evaluated Brazilian RA patients, with clinical and laboratory data collected over a year. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed from the adjustment of the logistic regression model Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), with the primary outcome being the occurrence of serious infection, defined as need for hospitalization or use of intravenous antibiotics for its treatment.
Results: 841 patients were included with an average follow-up time of 11.2 months (SD 2.4). Eighty-nine serious infections occurred, corresponding to 13 infections per 100 patient-years. Pulmonary fibrosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and central nervous system disease increased the chances of serious infection by 3.2 times (95% CI: 1.5-6.9), 3.6 times (95% CI: 1.2-10.4) and 2.4 times (95% CI: 1.2-5.0), respectively. The use of corticosteroids in moderate doses increased the chances by 5.4 times (95% CI: 2.3-12.4), and for each increase of 1 unit in the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), the chance increased 60% (95% CI: 20-120%).
Conclusion: The use of corticosteroids at moderate doses increased the risk of serious infection in RA patients. Reduced functionality assessed by the HAQ and comorbidities were other important factors associated with serious infection in this cohort.
{"title":"Predictors of serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis-a prospective Brazilian cohort.","authors":"Ana Luisa Bagno de Almeida, Maria Fernanda B Resende Guimarães, Maria Raquel da Costa Pinto, Leticia Rocha Pereira, Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides Reis, Karina Rossi Bonfiglioli, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Rina Dalva Neubarth Giorgi, Gláucio Ricardo Werner de Castro, Sebastião Cezar Radominski, Claiton Viegas Brenol, Alisson Pugliesi, Licia Maria Henrique da Mota, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar-Pinheiro","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00363-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42358-024-00363-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infections increase mortality and morbidity and often limit immunosuppressive treatment in rheumatoid arthritis patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the occurrence of serious infections and the associated factors in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients under real-life conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the REAL, a prospective observational study, that evaluated Brazilian RA patients, with clinical and laboratory data collected over a year. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed from the adjustment of the logistic regression model Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), with the primary outcome being the occurrence of serious infection, defined as need for hospitalization or use of intravenous antibiotics for its treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>841 patients were included with an average follow-up time of 11.2 months (SD 2.4). Eighty-nine serious infections occurred, corresponding to 13 infections per 100 patient-years. Pulmonary fibrosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and central nervous system disease increased the chances of serious infection by 3.2 times (95% CI: 1.5-6.9), 3.6 times (95% CI: 1.2-10.4) and 2.4 times (95% CI: 1.2-5.0), respectively. The use of corticosteroids in moderate doses increased the chances by 5.4 times (95% CI: 2.3-12.4), and for each increase of 1 unit in the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), the chance increased 60% (95% CI: 20-120%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of corticosteroids at moderate doses increased the risk of serious infection in RA patients. Reduced functionality assessed by the HAQ and comorbidities were other important factors associated with serious infection in this cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140327289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00364-0
Homero Garcia-Motta, Cristiano Carvalho, Evelyn Maria Guilherme, Marcos Paulo Braz de Oliveira, Karina Nogueira Zambone Pinto Rossi
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) affects the entire joint, causing structural changes in articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, capsule, synovial membrane, and periarticular muscles that afflicts millions of people globally, leading to persistent pain and diminished quality of life. The intra-articular use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is gaining recognition as a secure therapeutic approach due to its potential regenerative capabilities. However, there is controversial clinical data regarding efficacy of PRP for OA treatment. In this context, gathering scientific evidence on the effects of PRP in treating OA in animal models could provide valuable insights into understanding its impact on aspects like cartilage health, synovial tissue integrity, and the inflammatory process in affected joints. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of PRP injections on inflammation and histopathological aspects of cartilage and synovium in animal models of OA through a comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis.
Methods: A electronic search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO databases for relevant articles published until June 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis was employed to synthesize evidence on the histological characteristics of cartilage and synovium, as well as the inflammatory process. The GRADE approach was utilized to categorize the quality of evidence, and methodological quality was assessed using SYRCLE's RoB tool.
Results: Twenty-one studies were included in the review, with twelve of them incorporated into the meta-analysis. PRP treatment demonstrated superior outcomes compared to the control group in terms of cartilage histology (very low quality; p = 0.0002), synovium histology (very low quality; p < 0.0001), and reductions in proinflammatory markers, including IL-1 (low quality; p = 0.002), IL-6 (very low quality; p < 0.00001), and TNF-α (very low; p < 0.00001). However, PRP treatment did not yield a significant impact on PDGF-A levels (very low quality; p = 0.81).
Conclusion: PRP appears capable of reducing proinflammatory markers (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) and mitigating cartilage and synovium damage in animals with OA. However, the levels of evidence of these findings are low to very low. Therefore, more rigorous studies with larger samples are needed to improve the quality of evidence.
Prospero registration: CRD42022250314.
背景：骨关节炎（OA）影响整个关节，造成关节软骨、软骨下骨、韧带、关节囊、滑膜和关节周围肌肉的结构变化，困扰着全球数百万人，导致持续疼痛和生活质量下降。由于富血小板血浆（PRP）具有潜在的再生能力，其在关节内的使用正被视为一种安全的治疗方法。然而，有关 PRP 治疗 OA 疗效的临床数据还存在争议。在这种情况下，收集有关 PRP 在动物模型中治疗 OA 效果的科学证据，可为了解 PRP 对软骨健康、滑膜组织完整性和受影响关节的炎症过程等方面的影响提供宝贵的见解。因此，本研究旨在通过全面的系统综述和荟萃分析，评估 PRP 注射对 OA 动物模型中软骨和滑膜的炎症和组织病理学方面的影响：在 Medline、Embase、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、LILACS 和 SciELO 数据库中对 2022 年 6 月之前发表的相关文章进行了电子检索。采用随机效应荟萃分析法对软骨和滑膜的组织学特征以及炎症过程的证据进行综合分析。采用GRADE方法对证据质量进行分类，并使用SYRCLE的RoB工具对方法学质量进行评估：综述共纳入 21 项研究，其中 12 项纳入了荟萃分析。与对照组相比，PRP治疗在软骨组织学（质量很低；P = 0.0002）、滑膜组织学（质量很低；P 结论：PRP似乎能减少原蛋白的产生，但这并不意味着PRP治疗能减少原蛋白的产生：PRP 似乎能够减少促炎标记物（IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α），减轻 OA 动物的软骨和滑膜损伤。然而，这些发现的证据水平较低甚至很低。因此，需要进行更多样本的严格研究，以提高证据的质量：CRD42022250314。
{"title":"Effects of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma on the inflammatory process and histopathological characteristics of cartilage and synovium in animals with osteoarthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Homero Garcia-Motta, Cristiano Carvalho, Evelyn Maria Guilherme, Marcos Paulo Braz de Oliveira, Karina Nogueira Zambone Pinto Rossi","doi":"10.1186/s42358-024-00364-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42358-024-00364-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) affects the entire joint, causing structural changes in articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, capsule, synovial membrane, and periarticular muscles that afflicts millions of people globally, leading to persistent pain and diminished quality of life. The intra-articular use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is gaining recognition as a secure therapeutic approach due to its potential regenerative capabilities. However, there is controversial clinical data regarding efficacy of PRP for OA treatment. In this context, gathering scientific evidence on the effects of PRP in treating OA in animal models could provide valuable insights into understanding its impact on aspects like cartilage health, synovial tissue integrity, and the inflammatory process in affected joints. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of PRP injections on inflammation and histopathological aspects of cartilage and synovium in animal models of OA through a comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A electronic search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO databases for relevant articles published until June 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis was employed to synthesize evidence on the histological characteristics of cartilage and synovium, as well as the inflammatory process. The GRADE approach was utilized to categorize the quality of evidence, and methodological quality was assessed using SYRCLE's RoB tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one studies were included in the review, with twelve of them incorporated into the meta-analysis. PRP treatment demonstrated superior outcomes compared to the control group in terms of cartilage histology (very low quality; p = 0.0002), synovium histology (very low quality; p < 0.0001), and reductions in proinflammatory markers, including IL-1 (low quality; p = 0.002), IL-6 (very low quality; p < 0.00001), and TNF-α (very low; p < 0.00001). However, PRP treatment did not yield a significant impact on PDGF-A levels (very low quality; p = 0.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PRP appears capable of reducing proinflammatory markers (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) and mitigating cartilage and synovium damage in animals with OA. However, the levels of evidence of these findings are low to very low. Therefore, more rigorous studies with larger samples are needed to improve the quality of evidence.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration: </strong>CRD42022250314.</p>","PeriodicalId":48634,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140327288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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