Climate change is a term that takes precedence in the 21st century by humanity due to its negative impacts on the environment in various forms. Similarly, reading is a fundamental skill to grasp information and behave in a more civilised way. Accordingly, online news is the readily available source to be informed about the latest news. Although many studies have been conducted about climate change, reading, and news, a gap in the literature has been observed in merging them into one study with an interdisciplinary approach. To this aim, this study investigates the influence of reading climate change-oriented news on university students’ reading comprehension and raising their ecological awareness simultaneously at a private university in Erbil, Iraq, in the 2023–2024 academic year. Having chosen 34 first-year students through the stratified random sampling method in this mixed methods study, experimental group students read news from news websites, brainstormed, and took relevant exams created by Chat GPT spanning 10 weeks. On the other hand, control group students kept reading the passages in their coursebooks. The findings via reading exams, questionnaires, and interviews, unearthed that reading climate change-oriented news enhanced experimental group students’ reading performance significantly, raised their ecological awareness, and prompted them to persuade others in their community to be more proactive, thereby reversing the catastrophic effects of climate change with a feasible plan. The finding of the study may have some implications for all concerned parties to put the United Nation’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals into practice at educational institutions.
{"title":"The Role of Climate Change-oriented News in Cultivating Students’Reading Skills and Raising Environmental Awareness","authors":"Saban Kara","doi":"10.30564/fls.v6i3.6595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i3.6595","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a term that takes precedence in the 21st century by humanity due to its negative impacts on the environment in various forms. Similarly, reading is a fundamental skill to grasp information and behave in a more civilised way. Accordingly, online news is the readily available source to be informed about the latest news. Although many studies have been conducted about climate change, reading, and news, a gap in the literature has been observed in merging them into one study with an interdisciplinary approach. To this aim, this study investigates the influence of reading climate change-oriented news on university students’ reading comprehension and raising their ecological awareness simultaneously at a private university in Erbil, Iraq, in the 2023–2024 academic year. Having chosen 34 first-year students through the stratified random sampling method in this mixed methods study, experimental group students read news from news websites, brainstormed, and took relevant exams created by Chat GPT spanning 10 weeks. On the other hand, control group students kept reading the passages in their coursebooks. The findings via reading exams, questionnaires, and interviews, unearthed that reading climate change-oriented news enhanced experimental group students’ reading performance significantly, raised their ecological awareness, and prompted them to persuade others in their community to be more proactive, thereby reversing the catastrophic effects of climate change with a feasible plan. The finding of the study may have some implications for all concerned parties to put the United Nation’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals into practice at educational institutions.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"53 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jardel Coutinho Santos, Badie Anneriz Cerezo-Segovia, Gabriel Brito Amorim, María Lorena Estupiñán Lince, Gustavo Vinicio Monge García, Cristopher David Herrera Navas, Oswaldo Paul Vera Mendoza
Online education has mainly been at the core of discussions after Latin America’s Covid-19 sanitary crisis started in March 2020. Teachers and institutions have explored different ways to face what is now called “the new normal”. This study aims to identify the perspectives of Ecuadorian university students on online English language learning in order to inform the design of strategies that allow improvements in the teaching process. This quantitative study was carried out at a university in Ecuador and encompassed 4.936 participants from different majors. An online questionnaire was administered for data collection and analyzed through the application of neural networks. The results showed that students perceive learning English online positively and that their greatest strengths are in listening and writing, while their difficulties lie in developing their reading and speaking abilities. This suggests that more attention should be given to the development of reading and speaking strategies in an attempt to fill the gap that students indicated while answering the questionnaire. Some directions in that regard are given in the conclusion.
{"title":"University students’ perspectives on online English language learning: Implications for Ecuadorian educators","authors":"Jardel Coutinho Santos, Badie Anneriz Cerezo-Segovia, Gabriel Brito Amorim, María Lorena Estupiñán Lince, Gustavo Vinicio Monge García, Cristopher David Herrera Navas, Oswaldo Paul Vera Mendoza","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1183","url":null,"abstract":"Online education has mainly been at the core of discussions after Latin America’s Covid-19 sanitary crisis started in March 2020. Teachers and institutions have explored different ways to face what is now called “the new normal”. This study aims to identify the perspectives of Ecuadorian university students on online English language learning in order to inform the design of strategies that allow improvements in the teaching process. This quantitative study was carried out at a university in Ecuador and encompassed 4.936 participants from different majors. An online questionnaire was administered for data collection and analyzed through the application of neural networks. The results showed that students perceive learning English online positively and that their greatest strengths are in listening and writing, while their difficulties lie in developing their reading and speaking abilities. This suggests that more attention should be given to the development of reading and speaking strategies in an attempt to fill the gap that students indicated while answering the questionnaire. Some directions in that regard are given in the conclusion.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"90 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores how people in different parts of Bangladesh talk differently from each other. The study pays special attention to the unique sounds in their dialects compared to the standard Bangla language. The main goal of the research is to understand why these sounds change from one dialect to another. The researchers collected data from 70 participants coming from 20 regions of Bangladesh, who were fluent in their regional dialects and studied it carefully. By employing semi-structured interviews, IPA transcription, and thorough verification processes, this study ensures the accuracy and reliability of its findings and discussion, contributing valuable insights into the phonological diversity of Bangladeshi dialects and their socio-linguistic significance. The authors found 13 phonological variations or patterns among the dialects of different regions of Bangladesh. Each type of change is explained with clear examples to make it easier to understand. The research contributes significantly to the understanding of socio-linguistic diversity in Bangladesh by providing experimental evidence of phonological variation and its determinants. It also lays the groundwork for future research on dialects and their relationship with the standard language. This study will bring up a greater appreciation for Bangladesh’s linguistic diversity and encourage further research into language variation and change.
{"title":"Phonological variation and linguistic diversity in Bangladeshi dialects: An exploration of sound patterns and sociolinguistic significance","authors":"Mohammad Mustafizur Rahman, Binoy Barman, Liza Sharmin, Md. Rafiz Uddin, Sakiba Binte Yusuf, Ushba Rasool","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1188","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how people in different parts of Bangladesh talk differently from each other. The study pays special attention to the unique sounds in their dialects compared to the standard Bangla language. The main goal of the research is to understand why these sounds change from one dialect to another. The researchers collected data from 70 participants coming from 20 regions of Bangladesh, who were fluent in their regional dialects and studied it carefully. By employing semi-structured interviews, IPA transcription, and thorough verification processes, this study ensures the accuracy and reliability of its findings and discussion, contributing valuable insights into the phonological diversity of Bangladeshi dialects and their socio-linguistic significance. The authors found 13 phonological variations or patterns among the dialects of different regions of Bangladesh. Each type of change is explained with clear examples to make it easier to understand. The research contributes significantly to the understanding of socio-linguistic diversity in Bangladesh by providing experimental evidence of phonological variation and its determinants. It also lays the groundwork for future research on dialects and their relationship with the standard language. This study will bring up a greater appreciation for Bangladesh’s linguistic diversity and encourage further research into language variation and change.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"56 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to 1) analyze the information structure of texts concerning facial beauty in Chinese cosmetics advertisements, and 2) examine linguistic strategies employed within the advertisements. Language strategies in 150 Chinese cosmetic product advertisements from Taobao were analyzed, employing critical discourse analysis concepts as proposed by Norman Fairclough and Teun Adrianus van Dijk. By exploring the advertising language, the study offered valuable insights into the persuasive techniques used in the cosmetics industry. It categorized the strategies into semantic and discourse-pragmatic. Semantic strategies involved descriptive verbs, intensifiers, negation, and word formation through pinyin transliteration. Discourse-pragmatic strategies included presuppositions, figures of speech, claims, and rhetorical questions. These strategies mirrored beauty values in Chinese society, implying beauty was achievable through the products advertised. The study highlighted the significant impact of language strategies in forming beauty ideals, influencing consumer beliefs, and motivating the pursuit of beauty standards. This analysis of cosmetic advertising in China showcased the influential role of language in shaping societal views and consumer behavior.
本研究旨在：1）分析中国化妆品广告中有关面部美容的文本信息结构；2）研究广告中使用的语言策略。本研究采用诺曼-费尔克拉夫（Norman Fairclough）和特恩-阿德里安努斯-范戴克（Teun Adrianus van Dijk）提出的批评性话语分析概念，对淘宝网上 150 个中国化妆品广告中的语言策略进行了分析。通过对广告语言的探索，本研究为化妆品行业所使用的说服技巧提供了宝贵的见解。研究将这些策略分为语义策略和语用策略。语义策略包括描述性动词、加强语气词、否定和通过拼音音译组词。话语语用策略包括预设、比喻、主张和反问。这些策略反映了中国社会的美容价值观，暗示美容可以通过广告产品实现。这项研究强调了语言策略在形成美容理想、影响消费者信念和激励追求美容标准方面的重要影响。对中国化妆品广告的分析展示了语言在塑造社会观念和消费者行为方面的影响作用。
{"title":"The strategies of using Chinese language in cosmetic advertising through the Taobao online marketplace","authors":"Chatuwit Keawsuwan, Benjamaporn Ruechai, Pantipa Chanpeng","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1168","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to 1) analyze the information structure of texts concerning facial beauty in Chinese cosmetics advertisements, and 2) examine linguistic strategies employed within the advertisements. Language strategies in 150 Chinese cosmetic product advertisements from Taobao were analyzed, employing critical discourse analysis concepts as proposed by Norman Fairclough and Teun Adrianus van Dijk. By exploring the advertising language, the study offered valuable insights into the persuasive techniques used in the cosmetics industry. It categorized the strategies into semantic and discourse-pragmatic. Semantic strategies involved descriptive verbs, intensifiers, negation, and word formation through pinyin transliteration. Discourse-pragmatic strategies included presuppositions, figures of speech, claims, and rhetorical questions. These strategies mirrored beauty values in Chinese society, implying beauty was achievable through the products advertised. The study highlighted the significant impact of language strategies in forming beauty ideals, influencing consumer beliefs, and motivating the pursuit of beauty standards. This analysis of cosmetic advertising in China showcased the influential role of language in shaping societal views and consumer behavior.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"32 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dandan Tian, Muhammad Alif Redzuan Bin Abdullah, Ling Yann Wong
The paper delves into the complexities of translating metaphors in Chinese satirical literature, emphasizing the cultural and linguistic nuances involved. It highlights the importance of metaphors in expressing satire and the challenges posed by cultural differences between Chinese and English. The paper advocates for a foreignization translation approach to preserve the original’s cultural essence and satirical tone, balancing it with explanations to aid understanding in the target language. This method ensures the retention of literary value while facilitating cross-cultural dialogue and appreciation of the source culture’s literary aesthetics.
{"title":"Translating metaphors in Chinese satirical literature: A foreignization approach","authors":"Dandan Tian, Muhammad Alif Redzuan Bin Abdullah, Ling Yann Wong","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1187","url":null,"abstract":"The paper delves into the complexities of translating metaphors in Chinese satirical literature, emphasizing the cultural and linguistic nuances involved. It highlights the importance of metaphors in expressing satire and the challenges posed by cultural differences between Chinese and English. The paper advocates for a foreignization translation approach to preserve the original’s cultural essence and satirical tone, balancing it with explanations to aid understanding in the target language. This method ensures the retention of literary value while facilitating cross-cultural dialogue and appreciation of the source culture’s literary aesthetics.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"123 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140677705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the performance of machine translation of literary texts from English to Chinese. The study compares two machine translation systems, Bing Translator and Youdao Machine Translation, using selected texts from the novel “Nineteen eighty-four” by George Orwell. The data collection includes the original source texts, their machine-generated translations by Bing Translator and Youdao Machine Translation, and comparisons with human reference translations to assess the performance of these systems. The research’s focal point is to evaluate the accuracy, fluency, and appropriateness of translations generated by these two machine translation systems, while also analyzing the post-editing effort required to enhance the quality of the final machine-translated product. The study revealed that despite the presence of flaws in both machine translation systems, Youdao Machine Translation demonstrated superior performance, especially in accurately translating technical terms and idiomatic expressions, making it the more effective option overall. Nevertheless, the translations from Youdao Machine Translation required more substantial post-editing efforts to improve fluency and readability. Conversely, Bing Translator yielded more fluent and natural-sounding translations, albeit with a need for improved accuracy in translating technical terms and idiomatic expressions. The study concludes that while machine translation systems are capable of generating reasonable translations for literary texts, human post-editing remains essential to ensure the final output’s accuracy, fluency, and appropriateness. The study underscores the importance of selecting the appropriate machine translation system based on the nature of the text being translated. It also highlights the critical role of post-editing in refining the quality of machine-translated outputs, suggesting that while machine translation can provide a solid foundation, human intervention is indispensable for achieving optimal accuracy, fluency, and overall readability in literary translations.
{"title":"Comparative assessment of Bing Translator and Youdao Machine Translation Systems in English-to-Chinese literary text translation","authors":"Linli He, Mozhgan Ghassemiazghandi, Ilangko Subramaniam","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1189","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the performance of machine translation of literary texts from English to Chinese. The study compares two machine translation systems, Bing Translator and Youdao Machine Translation, using selected texts from the novel “Nineteen eighty-four” by George Orwell. The data collection includes the original source texts, their machine-generated translations by Bing Translator and Youdao Machine Translation, and comparisons with human reference translations to assess the performance of these systems. The research’s focal point is to evaluate the accuracy, fluency, and appropriateness of translations generated by these two machine translation systems, while also analyzing the post-editing effort required to enhance the quality of the final machine-translated product. The study revealed that despite the presence of flaws in both machine translation systems, Youdao Machine Translation demonstrated superior performance, especially in accurately translating technical terms and idiomatic expressions, making it the more effective option overall. Nevertheless, the translations from Youdao Machine Translation required more substantial post-editing efforts to improve fluency and readability. Conversely, Bing Translator yielded more fluent and natural-sounding translations, albeit with a need for improved accuracy in translating technical terms and idiomatic expressions. The study concludes that while machine translation systems are capable of generating reasonable translations for literary texts, human post-editing remains essential to ensure the final output’s accuracy, fluency, and appropriateness. The study underscores the importance of selecting the appropriate machine translation system based on the nature of the text being translated. It also highlights the critical role of post-editing in refining the quality of machine-translated outputs, suggesting that while machine translation can provide a solid foundation, human intervention is indispensable for achieving optimal accuracy, fluency, and overall readability in literary translations.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Language is integrated into multiple dimensions of human behavior, and social work is essentially a language-centered activity. Although language plays a key role in many social work activities, few studies have explored its significance from the perspective of differences. This paper introduces the process of language conceptualization in social work and points out the limitations of some existing conceptual perspectives in the multilingual context in which language and social work are viewed. In English language variation, language variation mainly includes dialect, stress, register and variation. Dialects are the starting point of the study of language variation, so this paper takes dialects as a representative to study this field. First, the definition of language variation and its related factors are introduced and discussed, and how to define and study language variation is further discussed. Second, dialects are taken as a representative area to delve deeper into language variation. The different types and features of dialects are analyzed. Finally, the influence of dialects and language variation on education, society and other aspects is reviewed, highlighting some of the important effects observed in previous research.
{"title":"Examining /l/ variation in Singaporean bilingual child-directed speech for sociophonetic insights","authors":"Shuanglin Ge, Qiaozhen Wu, Xiangyu Wang","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1165","url":null,"abstract":"Language is integrated into multiple dimensions of human behavior, and social work is essentially a language-centered activity. Although language plays a key role in many social work activities, few studies have explored its significance from the perspective of differences. This paper introduces the process of language conceptualization in social work and points out the limitations of some existing conceptual perspectives in the multilingual context in which language and social work are viewed. In English language variation, language variation mainly includes dialect, stress, register and variation. Dialects are the starting point of the study of language variation, so this paper takes dialects as a representative to study this field. First, the definition of language variation and its related factors are introduced and discussed, and how to define and study language variation is further discussed. Second, dialects are taken as a representative area to delve deeper into language variation. The different types and features of dialects are analyzed. Finally, the influence of dialects and language variation on education, society and other aspects is reviewed, highlighting some of the important effects observed in previous research.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"53 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In linguistics, the study of the characteristics of acquisition of dialects is of particular importance. In particular, the study of dialects based on written and oral literary examples plays an important role for research in this field. Until 1920, Azerbaijani dialects played a fundamental role in the development of the literary language of Azerbaijan. The role of dialects in enriching the lexicon of the literary language is irreplaceable. Thus, dialect words have become the source and base of the lexicon of the literary language. Now this process is going in another direction. In other words, the literary language affects dialects and changes them, creates conditions and grounds for the reduction and disappearance of the expressive function of dialect words. But for now, dialects remain as an independent language unit in the national language. As the literary language affects the dialects, their phonetic, grammatical systems and pronunciation rules also change. They lose their unique features and approach the literary language. The research article deals with the creation of words related to dialects in prose. Word formation of both suffixes is proved by selected examples from the literature. In conclusion, let’s note that word-forming affixes have more stylistic features in works written in spoken language, and their study is important from a philological aspect.
{"title":"Development points of the derivation process related to Nakhchivan dialects and accents (based on written and oral literary and artistic examples)","authors":"Zulfiyya Ismayil","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1192","url":null,"abstract":"In linguistics, the study of the characteristics of acquisition of dialects is of particular importance. In particular, the study of dialects based on written and oral literary examples plays an important role for research in this field. Until 1920, Azerbaijani dialects played a fundamental role in the development of the literary language of Azerbaijan. The role of dialects in enriching the lexicon of the literary language is irreplaceable. Thus, dialect words have become the source and base of the lexicon of the literary language. Now this process is going in another direction. In other words, the literary language affects dialects and changes them, creates conditions and grounds for the reduction and disappearance of the expressive function of dialect words. But for now, dialects remain as an independent language unit in the national language. As the literary language affects the dialects, their phonetic, grammatical systems and pronunciation rules also change. They lose their unique features and approach the literary language. The research article deals with the creation of words related to dialects in prose. Word formation of both suffixes is proved by selected examples from the literature. In conclusion, let’s note that word-forming affixes have more stylistic features in works written in spoken language, and their study is important from a philological aspect.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are both reasonable and unjustified ideas in the assumptions and theories about the root commonality in languages of different systems. In this work presented to the readers, special attention is paid to the analysis of the right and wrong aspects of those ideas. Because the contradictions themselves are very important to reveal the truth. Later, in order to eliminate the difficulty in understanding the comparison of roots, it was considered appropriate to provide information about the structure and formation of the genetic roots of the Azerbaijani language itself. This work also analyzes the commonality of monosyllabic roots and words with root-formative composition, as well as parallelisms and motivational similarities. In this analysis, the latest sources of linguistics were used and analyzes and comparisons were made. The mutual development of languages is the reflection of interlingual interaction. The cooperation of nations and peoples affects primarily their language. Conversion of the achievements of scientific and technological achievements into the common property of humanity, the mutual development of their cultural values, in the creation and development of mutually beneficial relations between languages as well as in literature. In the process of its own historical development, the languages have been and continue to be in the process of mutual language interaction.
{"title":"Interlingual relations as a main factor in mutually enriching languages","authors":"Rzayeva Nuriyya Asgar, Sabina Almammadova Mammad","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1146","url":null,"abstract":"There are both reasonable and unjustified ideas in the assumptions and theories about the root commonality in languages of different systems. In this work presented to the readers, special attention is paid to the analysis of the right and wrong aspects of those ideas. Because the contradictions themselves are very important to reveal the truth. Later, in order to eliminate the difficulty in understanding the comparison of roots, it was considered appropriate to provide information about the structure and formation of the genetic roots of the Azerbaijani language itself. This work also analyzes the commonality of monosyllabic roots and words with root-formative composition, as well as parallelisms and motivational similarities. In this analysis, the latest sources of linguistics were used and analyzes and comparisons were made. The mutual development of languages is the reflection of interlingual interaction. The cooperation of nations and peoples affects primarily their language. Conversion of the achievements of scientific and technological achievements into the common property of humanity, the mutual development of their cultural values, in the creation and development of mutually beneficial relations between languages as well as in literature. In the process of its own historical development, the languages have been and continue to be in the process of mutual language interaction.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":" 681","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Developing second language pragmatic competence is crucial because it enables learners to effectively communicate and interact with native speakers of that language. It goes beyond mere grammatical and lexical knowledge, and encompasses the ability to comprehend and produce language in a way that is contextually appropriate and respectful. The quantitative study and group interviews were conducted to investigate the effects of exposure to L2 input and language proficiency on the comprehension and expression of indirect speech acts of 180 Chinese learners of English in Malaysia. The results showed that exposure to L2 input significantly contributed to learners’ pragmatic competence at all levels; interactive and instructive exposure to L2 input was more beneficial to the pragmatic improvement; pragmatic competence did not develop in parallel with language proficiency, and increased significantly only after language proficiency reached the intermediate level; pragmatic expression was more influenced by exposure to L2 input, while pragmatic comprehension was more significantly influenced by language proficiency.
{"title":"Effects of exposure to L2 input and language proficiency on pragmatic competence during study abroad","authors":"Xi Yang, Nooreiny Maarof","doi":"10.59400/fls.v6i2.1118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1118","url":null,"abstract":"Developing second language pragmatic competence is crucial because it enables learners to effectively communicate and interact with native speakers of that language. It goes beyond mere grammatical and lexical knowledge, and encompasses the ability to comprehend and produce language in a way that is contextually appropriate and respectful. The quantitative study and group interviews were conducted to investigate the effects of exposure to L2 input and language proficiency on the comprehension and expression of indirect speech acts of 180 Chinese learners of English in Malaysia. The results showed that exposure to L2 input significantly contributed to learners’ pragmatic competence at all levels; interactive and instructive exposure to L2 input was more beneficial to the pragmatic improvement; pragmatic competence did not develop in parallel with language proficiency, and increased significantly only after language proficiency reached the intermediate level; pragmatic expression was more influenced by exposure to L2 input, while pragmatic comprehension was more significantly influenced by language proficiency.","PeriodicalId":486618,"journal":{"name":"Forum for linguistic studies","volume":"21 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140697517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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