Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-218-227
A. V. Loseva, G. I. Gadzhimirzoev
Objective: to reflect the retrospective, current and prospective state of the fishing industry in China, to assess the existing trends and highlight their key factors.Method: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as methods of statistical processing, analysis and visualization of data were used.Novelty: the main factors and conditions that ensure the progressive growth of the fishing industry in China are identified; a forecast model for the growth of fish production is constructed.Results: The key indicators of China’s fishing industry in retrospect and the current state are analyzed; a quantitative characteristic of China’s position in the global fishing industry and trade in fish products is given; a quarterly forecast of the output of the country’s fishing industry is constructed based on modeling of dynamics series with seasonal components. The key guidelines of the Chinese government regarding the development of the industry, implemented within the framework of five-year planning, aimed at reducing the burden on the environment, restructuring the industry towards increasing the scale of aquaculture, qualitative improvement of the industry on the basis of innovative technological potential and scientific developments, are disclosed.Conclusions are drawn about the multiplicative effect of modern transformations in the fishing industry of China, significant both for the national and for the global economy as a whole.
{"title":"Dynamics and prospects of development of China’s fishing industry and its role in the global economy","authors":"A. V. Loseva, G. I. Gadzhimirzoev","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-218-227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-218-227","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to reflect the retrospective, current and prospective state of the fishing industry in China, to assess the existing trends and highlight their key factors.Method: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as methods of statistical processing, analysis and visualization of data were used.Novelty: the main factors and conditions that ensure the progressive growth of the fishing industry in China are identified; a forecast model for the growth of fish production is constructed.Results: The key indicators of China’s fishing industry in retrospect and the current state are analyzed; a quantitative characteristic of China’s position in the global fishing industry and trade in fish products is given; a quarterly forecast of the output of the country’s fishing industry is constructed based on modeling of dynamics series with seasonal components. The key guidelines of the Chinese government regarding the development of the industry, implemented within the framework of five-year planning, aimed at reducing the burden on the environment, restructuring the industry towards increasing the scale of aquaculture, qualitative improvement of the industry on the basis of innovative technological potential and scientific developments, are disclosed.Conclusions are drawn about the multiplicative effect of modern transformations in the fishing industry of China, significant both for the national and for the global economy as a whole.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-209-217
N. Yarkina, N. Logunova
Purpose of the work: consideration of the system-structured characteristics of intrapreneurship in the context of the search for additional levers and opportunities for the development of the domestic sector of fisheries and fish farming.Research methods: integrated and systematic approaches, general logical methods, in particular, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization, induction and deduction, which made it possible to identify and systematically structure the elements of intrapreneurship in the field of fisheries and aquaculture, as well as to expand general scientific knowledge about intrapreneurship, its essence, principles, forms of implementation and adapt them to the specifics of fisheries.The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the consideration of intrapreneurship as an element of the intellectual capital of a fishery enterprise; in the systematization and structuring of such characteristics of intrapreneurship in fisheries and fish farming as a team contract, on-farm commercial settlement and its tools.Results of the study: the paper substantiates the possibility of implementing intrapreneurship at fisheries and aquaculture enterprises, due to the two-level management system and the features of the brigade form of labor organization; the relevance of the economic category “team contract” in the current conditions of fisheries is shown, which predetermines the practical significance of the results of the study, which is also supplemented by an analysis of the features and possibilities of transfer pricing, taking into account the specifics of fisheries.
{"title":"Intrapreneurship in the field of fisheries","authors":"N. Yarkina, N. Logunova","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-209-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-209-217","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the work: consideration of the system-structured characteristics of intrapreneurship in the context of the search for additional levers and opportunities for the development of the domestic sector of fisheries and fish farming.Research methods: integrated and systematic approaches, general logical methods, in particular, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization, induction and deduction, which made it possible to identify and systematically structure the elements of intrapreneurship in the field of fisheries and aquaculture, as well as to expand general scientific knowledge about intrapreneurship, its essence, principles, forms of implementation and adapt them to the specifics of fisheries.The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the consideration of intrapreneurship as an element of the intellectual capital of a fishery enterprise; in the systematization and structuring of such characteristics of intrapreneurship in fisheries and fish farming as a team contract, on-farm commercial settlement and its tools.Results of the study: the paper substantiates the possibility of implementing intrapreneurship at fisheries and aquaculture enterprises, due to the two-level management system and the features of the brigade form of labor organization; the relevance of the economic category “team contract” in the current conditions of fisheries is shown, which predetermines the practical significance of the results of the study, which is also supplemented by an analysis of the features and possibilities of transfer pricing, taking into account the specifics of fisheries.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"74 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-189-201
M. A. Novikov, E. A. Gorbacheva, M. Kharlamova
This study aims to identify the total mercury content in the muscle and hepatopancreas of the main commercial crustaceans from the Barents Sea.The material for this study was the samples of red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus and northern shrimp Pandalus borealis caught during the research cruises conducted by “PINRO” from 2012 to 2022. This study examines the samples of muscle collected from crustaceans, as well as the samples of hepatopancreas collected from the red king crab.Novelty: This study involves abundant data that was used to make the first comparative analysis of the Hg concentration in red king crab and northern shrimp. A significant similarity in the levels of Hg content in the muscle of shrimp and crab at the mean level was shown. The paper provides maps of average Hg content in the studied species for the entire Barents Sea.Methods used: the total mercury content in the samples was estimated by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis using Shimadzu Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Japan). Statistical data processing and charting were done using MS Excel and application software package of Statistica 13.Results: The paper shows that the average concentration of Hg in the muscle and hepatopancreas of the studied hydrobionts did not exceed 0.2 mg/kg of wet weight that is the acceptable concentration established by sanitary standards. The content of Hg in the red king crab’ hepatopancreas was about 2 times higher than in the muscle. The paper makes an assumption on the species-specifity of Hg content in the red king crab’ muscle. The Hg content in the muscle of P. borealis is strongly related to its fattiness. The paper suggests calculated background levels of the total Hg concentration in the muscle of P. camtschaticus and P. borealis from the Barents Sea.Practical relevance: The results obtained were used to establish the safety compliance of commercial crustaceans with the requirements adopted in Russia.
{"title":"Mercury content in commercial crustaceans of the Barents Sea","authors":"M. A. Novikov, E. A. Gorbacheva, M. Kharlamova","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-189-201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-189-201","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the total mercury content in the muscle and hepatopancreas of the main commercial crustaceans from the Barents Sea.The material for this study was the samples of red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus and northern shrimp Pandalus borealis caught during the research cruises conducted by “PINRO” from 2012 to 2022. This study examines the samples of muscle collected from crustaceans, as well as the samples of hepatopancreas collected from the red king crab.Novelty: This study involves abundant data that was used to make the first comparative analysis of the Hg concentration in red king crab and northern shrimp. A significant similarity in the levels of Hg content in the muscle of shrimp and crab at the mean level was shown. The paper provides maps of average Hg content in the studied species for the entire Barents Sea.Methods used: the total mercury content in the samples was estimated by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis using Shimadzu Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Japan). Statistical data processing and charting were done using MS Excel and application software package of Statistica 13.Results: The paper shows that the average concentration of Hg in the muscle and hepatopancreas of the studied hydrobionts did not exceed 0.2 mg/kg of wet weight that is the acceptable concentration established by sanitary standards. The content of Hg in the red king crab’ hepatopancreas was about 2 times higher than in the muscle. The paper makes an assumption on the species-specifity of Hg content in the red king crab’ muscle. The Hg content in the muscle of P. borealis is strongly related to its fattiness. The paper suggests calculated background levels of the total Hg concentration in the muscle of P. camtschaticus and P. borealis from the Barents Sea.Practical relevance: The results obtained were used to establish the safety compliance of commercial crustaceans with the requirements adopted in Russia.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"22 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-165-175
N. N. Romanova, A. V. Myshkin, Yu.P. Shchelkunova, S. B. Tokareva, O. V. Sekhina, P. V. Kudinov
The aim of the study was to develop therapeutic measures to combat bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish using a complex of antibacterial drugs “Levofloxacin” and “Chlortetracycline”.Methods used: experiments were carried out in aquarium conditions on juvenile carp and hybrids «Siberian sturgeon×Kaluga» (hereinafter hybrid SO×K) infected with a mixed culture of pathogens: highly pathogenic strains of Aeromonas sp., strains of R.R. Acinetobacter and Citrobacter. In the experiment, 2 variants of the use of antibiotics for a course of 7 days were tested. Bacteriological seeding of fish parenchymal organ samples was carried out on nutrient and differential diagnostic media.Novelty: it consists in working out the scheme of application for fish of a complex of new antibiotics for aquaculture.Results: the results of the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of antibiotics “Levofloxacin” + “Chlortetracycline” in the treatment of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia are presented. The cessation of fish death was noted the next day after the start of therapy. Positive results were obtained in carp — with a combination of levofloxacin at a dosage of 1000 mg/kg of ichthyomass and chlortetracycline — 100 mg/kg of ichthyomass, in a hybrid of SO×K — 500 mg/kg of ichthyomass of levofloxacin + 200 mg/kg of ichthyomass of chlortetracycline. Evaluation of their combinations with different dosages did not show 100% effect. The difficulties of therapy have been identified, which are associated with the spread of strains of microorganisms resistant to antibacterial drugs.Practical significance: the developed method of therapy is effective, reduces the damage from the disease and can be recommended when developing measures to combat bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia in fish in aquaculture.
{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of a complex of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia in fish","authors":"N. N. Romanova, A. V. Myshkin, Yu.P. Shchelkunova, S. B. Tokareva, O. V. Sekhina, P. V. Kudinov","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-165-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-165-175","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to develop therapeutic measures to combat bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia of fish using a complex of antibacterial drugs “Levofloxacin” and “Chlortetracycline”.Methods used: experiments were carried out in aquarium conditions on juvenile carp and hybrids «Siberian sturgeon×Kaluga» (hereinafter hybrid SO×K) infected with a mixed culture of pathogens: highly pathogenic strains of Aeromonas sp., strains of R.R. Acinetobacter and Citrobacter. In the experiment, 2 variants of the use of antibiotics for a course of 7 days were tested. Bacteriological seeding of fish parenchymal organ samples was carried out on nutrient and differential diagnostic media.Novelty: it consists in working out the scheme of application for fish of a complex of new antibiotics for aquaculture.Results: the results of the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of antibiotics “Levofloxacin” + “Chlortetracycline” in the treatment of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia are presented. The cessation of fish death was noted the next day after the start of therapy. Positive results were obtained in carp — with a combination of levofloxacin at a dosage of 1000 mg/kg of ichthyomass and chlortetracycline — 100 mg/kg of ichthyomass, in a hybrid of SO×K — 500 mg/kg of ichthyomass of levofloxacin + 200 mg/kg of ichthyomass of chlortetracycline. Evaluation of their combinations with different dosages did not show 100% effect. The difficulties of therapy have been identified, which are associated with the spread of strains of microorganisms resistant to antibacterial drugs.Practical significance: the developed method of therapy is effective, reduces the damage from the disease and can be recommended when developing measures to combat bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia in fish in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"97 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139605811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-176-188
V. A. Bogdanova, V. V. Kostyunichev, A. A. Alexandrov
The purpose of the work: to estimate fish breeding indicators of three hybrid forms of whitefish in comparison with parental species when grown in cage aquaculture.Methods used: the production and cultivation of hybrids and parental species were carried out using standard technology for whitefish from November 2021 to May 2022. We have studied the survival and growth rate of fingerlings, and we also conducted a comparative assessment of the exterior of yearlings using factor and cluster analyses.Novelty: for the first time, three hybrid forms of peled and parent species (peled, muksun, broad whitefish, nelma) were grown in cages, and a comparative analysis of survival, growth and morphology of hybrids and parent species was performed.Results: all hybrid forms occupy an intermediate position in terms of growth rate, surpassing the maternal species (peled), yielding to the paternal ones. The best results in terms of weight and linear growth among hybrids were noted in pelchir. In terms of survival, oneyearlings of all hybrids show the effect of heterosis, although at the stage of larvae and early juveniles, the superiority in survival of hybrid forms over the parental pair was noted only in pelnelm. The survival rate of hybrid eggs, as well as the survival rate of pelchir and pelmuk at the early stages of cultivation, had intermediate values — lower than that of peled, but significantly higher than that of paternal species. The lowest survival rate of eggs among hybrids is shown in pelchir. The peled has the most significant morphological differences from other pure species and hybrid forms used in the experiment, all hybrid forms show more similarity with the paternal species.Practical significance: results provide a potential assessment of whitefish hybrids for the prospect of their use in commercial aquaculture.
{"title":"Comparative study of the growth, survival and morphology of the whitefish hybrids and parent species in the first year of rearing in cage aquaculture","authors":"V. A. Bogdanova, V. V. Kostyunichev, A. A. Alexandrov","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-176-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-176-188","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work: to estimate fish breeding indicators of three hybrid forms of whitefish in comparison with parental species when grown in cage aquaculture.Methods used: the production and cultivation of hybrids and parental species were carried out using standard technology for whitefish from November 2021 to May 2022. We have studied the survival and growth rate of fingerlings, and we also conducted a comparative assessment of the exterior of yearlings using factor and cluster analyses.Novelty: for the first time, three hybrid forms of peled and parent species (peled, muksun, broad whitefish, nelma) were grown in cages, and a comparative analysis of survival, growth and morphology of hybrids and parent species was performed.Results: all hybrid forms occupy an intermediate position in terms of growth rate, surpassing the maternal species (peled), yielding to the paternal ones. The best results in terms of weight and linear growth among hybrids were noted in pelchir. In terms of survival, oneyearlings of all hybrids show the effect of heterosis, although at the stage of larvae and early juveniles, the superiority in survival of hybrid forms over the parental pair was noted only in pelnelm. The survival rate of hybrid eggs, as well as the survival rate of pelchir and pelmuk at the early stages of cultivation, had intermediate values — lower than that of peled, but significantly higher than that of paternal species. The lowest survival rate of eggs among hybrids is shown in pelchir. The peled has the most significant morphological differences from other pure species and hybrid forms used in the experiment, all hybrid forms show more similarity with the paternal species.Practical significance: results provide a potential assessment of whitefish hybrids for the prospect of their use in commercial aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"28 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139607841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-202-208
A. Nedostup, A. Razhev, P. Nasenkov
The purpose of the work is to create software for calculating the structural, geometric and strength characteristics of mesh bottom trawl structures, intended for modeling technological and hydrodynamic processes of trawl structures.Methods used: The software “Calculation of the structural, technological and power characteristics of a bottom mesh trawl” is written in C++ in the Embarcadero RAD Studio software development environment and is designed to run on the Microsoft Windows 10 operating system.Novelty: based on the results of experimental studies, mathematical and simulation models of the mechanics of trawl structures were analyzed for the first time and software was developed that allows calculating the characteristics of mesh trawl structures, including material costs for the manufacture of trawl structures.Result: The software displays the static process of trawling a mesh bottom trawl, as well as the output technological (for the technologist), geometric and power (for the designer) characteristics.Practical significance: the developed software is expected to be used in the future as a simulator module for training aquatic organisms getters, trawl masters and assistant captains for production.
{"title":"Modeling the characteristics of a bottom trawl","authors":"A. Nedostup, A. Razhev, P. Nasenkov","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-202-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-202-208","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to create software for calculating the structural, geometric and strength characteristics of mesh bottom trawl structures, intended for modeling technological and hydrodynamic processes of trawl structures.Methods used: The software “Calculation of the structural, technological and power characteristics of a bottom mesh trawl” is written in C++ in the Embarcadero RAD Studio software development environment and is designed to run on the Microsoft Windows 10 operating system.Novelty: based on the results of experimental studies, mathematical and simulation models of the mechanics of trawl structures were analyzed for the first time and software was developed that allows calculating the characteristics of mesh trawl structures, including material costs for the manufacture of trawl structures.Result: The software displays the static process of trawling a mesh bottom trawl, as well as the output technological (for the technologist), geometric and power (for the designer) characteristics.Practical significance: the developed software is expected to be used in the future as a simulator module for training aquatic organisms getters, trawl masters and assistant captains for production.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"92 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-108-117
D. V. Antonenko
The goal of the work is to identify the roots of the significant decrease in the catch of saury by Russian vessels in the Kuril waters from 2015 to the present, as well as factors influencing the distribution of this fish in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean.Methods used: the work is based on materials on the distribution of saury schools in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean obtained during expeditions on fishing vessels, and trawl surveys on vessels of the Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO) from 2012 to 2021. To assess the position of fishing areas and the efficiency of saury fishing, fishing statistics data for 2012–2021 were used in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean according to vessel daily reports (VDR) and ship positions of the monitoring system of Rosrybolovstvo.Novelty: the work presents the results of the Russian fishery in recent years, and evaluates the effectiveness of the fishery. Based on an analysis of the literature of recent years and data obtained on expeditions to the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, the reasons for the decrease in saury catch by Russian fishermen over the past 5 years are considered.Result: The main reasons that caused the shift of the main feeding areas of saury far to the east and north in recent years are global climate and oceanological changes in the Northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. In addition to the abiotic factors of the pelagic fish habitat, their distribution is also influenced by the interspecific interaction of competing fish with high stock. A large number of factors, both abiotic and biotic, affect the change in the pattern of migration routes and the position of saury feeding areas in the North Pacific Ocean, which ultimately makes it much more difficult to predict the distribution of fishing grounds.Practical significance: the results obtained will be used for further studies of the population dynamics of saury in the North Pacific Ocean.
{"title":"Russian saury fishery and factors influencing its distribution in the Northwest Pacific Ocean","authors":"D. V. Antonenko","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-108-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-108-117","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the work is to identify the roots of the significant decrease in the catch of saury by Russian vessels in the Kuril waters from 2015 to the present, as well as factors influencing the distribution of this fish in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean.Methods used: the work is based on materials on the distribution of saury schools in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean obtained during expeditions on fishing vessels, and trawl surveys on vessels of the Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO) from 2012 to 2021. To assess the position of fishing areas and the efficiency of saury fishing, fishing statistics data for 2012–2021 were used in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean according to vessel daily reports (VDR) and ship positions of the monitoring system of Rosrybolovstvo.Novelty: the work presents the results of the Russian fishery in recent years, and evaluates the effectiveness of the fishery. Based on an analysis of the literature of recent years and data obtained on expeditions to the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, the reasons for the decrease in saury catch by Russian fishermen over the past 5 years are considered.Result: The main reasons that caused the shift of the main feeding areas of saury far to the east and north in recent years are global climate and oceanological changes in the Northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. In addition to the abiotic factors of the pelagic fish habitat, their distribution is also influenced by the interspecific interaction of competing fish with high stock. A large number of factors, both abiotic and biotic, affect the change in the pattern of migration routes and the position of saury feeding areas in the North Pacific Ocean, which ultimately makes it much more difficult to predict the distribution of fishing grounds.Practical significance: the results obtained will be used for further studies of the population dynamics of saury in the North Pacific Ocean.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-155-164
E. V. Shulgina, V. N. Leman, E. V. Esin
Aim: to assessed the readiness of Chinook salmon fingerlings reared at the Malkinskiy salmon hatchery (Kamchatka region) to seawater run and to reverse water-salt transport; to develop a rapid and effective method to determine the readiness of juvenile Chinook salmon to seawater run.Methods: the dynamics of haemoglobin, glucose, haematocrit, blood osmolarity and body weight were studied in juvenile of Chinook salmon of a different sizes exposed in water with salinities of 30 and 40% (experiments in fresh water under the same conditions served as a control, all experiments were carried out in three repetitions).Novelty: a method is described to assess the readiness of juvenile salmonids with a prolonged freshwater period of life to sea water run.Results: the standard “salinity test” does not always reflect the readiness of juveniles to run, and to clarify their physiological state, it is worth studing the dynamics of blood osmolarity during exposure to water with a salinity of 30% (the critical indicator is 340 mOsm l‑1 after a day of experiment). Blood levels of glucose, hemoglobin and hematocrit, as well as the dynamics of body weight are not suitable for assessing salt resistance because off the excessive sensitivity of these indicators. It was shown that juvenile Chinook weighing ≥ 7 g were physiologically ready for run, whereas juveniles weighing ≤ 5 g were not. The intermediate group (5–7 g) exhibited different physiological states in different years.Practical importance: determining the minimum size of fully transformed smolts and finding ways to increase the salt tolerance of juveniles is the way to increase the profitability of the hatchery.
{"title":"Assessment of osmotic adaptation and seawater readiness in juvenile Chinook salmon reared at the Malkinskiy salmon hatchery","authors":"E. V. Shulgina, V. N. Leman, E. V. Esin","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-155-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-155-164","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assessed the readiness of Chinook salmon fingerlings reared at the Malkinskiy salmon hatchery (Kamchatka region) to seawater run and to reverse water-salt transport; to develop a rapid and effective method to determine the readiness of juvenile Chinook salmon to seawater run.Methods: the dynamics of haemoglobin, glucose, haematocrit, blood osmolarity and body weight were studied in juvenile of Chinook salmon of a different sizes exposed in water with salinities of 30 and 40% (experiments in fresh water under the same conditions served as a control, all experiments were carried out in three repetitions).Novelty: a method is described to assess the readiness of juvenile salmonids with a prolonged freshwater period of life to sea water run.Results: the standard “salinity test” does not always reflect the readiness of juveniles to run, and to clarify their physiological state, it is worth studing the dynamics of blood osmolarity during exposure to water with a salinity of 30% (the critical indicator is 340 mOsm l‑1 after a day of experiment). Blood levels of glucose, hemoglobin and hematocrit, as well as the dynamics of body weight are not suitable for assessing salt resistance because off the excessive sensitivity of these indicators. It was shown that juvenile Chinook weighing ≥ 7 g were physiologically ready for run, whereas juveniles weighing ≤ 5 g were not. The intermediate group (5–7 g) exhibited different physiological states in different years.Practical importance: determining the minimum size of fully transformed smolts and finding ways to increase the salt tolerance of juveniles is the way to increase the profitability of the hatchery.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"22 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-143-154
A. M. Antsupova, D. Shumeyko, D. Skafar, A. D. Markov, E. E. Kosheleva, S. O. Borisova
The purpose of the work: to study the effect of water with different sodium chloride content on the main biological parameters of the juvenile Australian red-clawed crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.Methods used: when performing experimental work for 30 days, the main biological characteristics of juvenile C. quadricarinatus with an initial mass of 0.64±0.27 g and a length of 31±5 mm were determined when it was grown in water with a sodium chloride content of 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/l and controlled the survival, growth, physiological state of individuals.Novelty: the novelty elements of the presented study are the identification of the negative effect of water with a sodium chloride concentration of 5–15 g/l on survival, size, mass and physiological characteristics of juveniles.Result: the survival rate of the studied juveniles on the 30th day of the experiment in fresh water was 65%. In water with a sodium chloride content of 5 g/l, the indicator was significantly lower — 23.3%. In the variants of the experiment with higher salt concentrations (10.15 g/l NaCl), by the 20th day all individuals died. The average weight of individuals (1.70±0.80 g) in the control group increased by an average of 166% from the baseline (0.64±0.27 g). Lower mass values were obtained at a salt content of 5 g/l — 1.00±0.49 g. This result was significantly (p<0.05) lower by 41% than in the control group. During the experiment, the average length of individuals (43±8 mm) in the control group increased by an average of 39% from the original (31±5.0 mm). The concentration of hemocyanin in juveniles contained in water with a salinity of 5 g/l is lower than in the control group by 16%. External signs of the development of rust-spotted disease have been identified. Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the cultivation of the C. quadricarinatus. It is considered acceptable to keep crayfish juveniles in water with a sodium chloride concentration of not more than 5 g/l for 10 days. Keywords: crustaceans, Cherax quadricarinatus, juvenile, hemolymph, hemocyanin, sodium chloride, melanization, fungal disease>˂ 0.05) lower by 41% than in the control group. During the experiment, the average length of individuals (43±8 mm) in the control group increased by an average of 39% from the original (31±5.0 mm). The concentration of hemocyanin in juveniles contained in water with a salinity of 5 g/l is lower than in the control group by 16%. External signs of the development of rust-spotted disease have been identified.Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the cultivation of the C. quadricarinatus. It is considered acceptable to keep crayfish juveniles in water with a sodium chloride concentration of not more than 5 g/l for 10 days.
{"title":"Influence of sodium chloride solutions on the juvenile Australian red-clawed growth and survival","authors":"A. M. Antsupova, D. Shumeyko, D. Skafar, A. D. Markov, E. E. Kosheleva, S. O. Borisova","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-143-154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-143-154","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work: to study the effect of water with different sodium chloride content on the main biological parameters of the juvenile Australian red-clawed crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.Methods used: when performing experimental work for 30 days, the main biological characteristics of juvenile C. quadricarinatus with an initial mass of 0.64±0.27 g and a length of 31±5 mm were determined when it was grown in water with a sodium chloride content of 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/l and controlled the survival, growth, physiological state of individuals.Novelty: the novelty elements of the presented study are the identification of the negative effect of water with a sodium chloride concentration of 5–15 g/l on survival, size, mass and physiological characteristics of juveniles.Result: the survival rate of the studied juveniles on the 30th day of the experiment in fresh water was 65%. In water with a sodium chloride content of 5 g/l, the indicator was significantly lower — 23.3%. In the variants of the experiment with higher salt concentrations (10.15 g/l NaCl), by the 20th day all individuals died. The average weight of individuals (1.70±0.80 g) in the control group increased by an average of 166% from the baseline (0.64±0.27 g). Lower mass values were obtained at a salt content of 5 g/l — 1.00±0.49 g. This result was significantly (p<0.05) lower by 41% than in the control group. During the experiment, the average length of individuals (43±8 mm) in the control group increased by an average of 39% from the original (31±5.0 mm). The concentration of hemocyanin in juveniles contained in water with a salinity of 5 g/l is lower than in the control group by 16%. External signs of the development of rust-spotted disease have been identified. Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the cultivation of the C. quadricarinatus. It is considered acceptable to keep crayfish juveniles in water with a sodium chloride concentration of not more than 5 g/l for 10 days. Keywords: crustaceans, Cherax quadricarinatus, juvenile, hemolymph, hemocyanin, sodium chloride, melanization, fungal disease>˂ 0.05) lower by 41% than in the control group. During the experiment, the average length of individuals (43±8 mm) in the control group increased by an average of 39% from the original (31±5.0 mm). The concentration of hemocyanin in juveniles contained in water with a salinity of 5 g/l is lower than in the control group by 16%. External signs of the development of rust-spotted disease have been identified.Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the cultivation of the C. quadricarinatus. It is considered acceptable to keep crayfish juveniles in water with a sodium chloride concentration of not more than 5 g/l for 10 days.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-131-142
R. R. Borisov, I. Nikonova, N. Kovatcheva
The aim of the work: to identify behavioral responses that make it possible to characterize the food attractiveness of potential feeding objects for juveniles of the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.Used methods: the study was conducted on the juvenile Australian red-clawed crayfish C. quadricarinatus, in the aquarium room of aquaculture invertebrate department at VNIRO. 11 types of feeding objects of plant and 4 types of animal origin were studied, as well as TetraWaferMix compound feed as a control. A total of 616 experiments were performed.Newness: on the juveniles of the Australian red-clawed crayfish C. quadricarinatus, the methodology for assessing the nutritional attractiveness of feeding objects by the nature of behavior during feed consumption was tested.Result: the experiments conducted showed that a large proportion of individuals who threw, crumbled, held food with their oral limbs for a long time without attempting to mechanical processing it or did not eat the food, indicates its unsatisfactory nutritional qualities. The time spent by crayfish on eating food depends on the hardness of the proposed components, the rate of their softening in water, the size of individuals and therefore cannot directly characterize the nutritional attractiveness of the feed. Most of the proposed forage objects (11 out of 15) had attractive nutritional characteristics for juveniles of C. quadricarinatus crayfish. The most active juveniles consumed animal feed (larvae of Chironomus sp. and Hermetia illucens, squid meat, Gammarus sp.), and among the feeds of plant origin, the seeds of oats, wheat and fried buckwheat, as well as beets and potatoes had the greatest attractiveness.
{"title":"Methodology for assessing the food attractiveness of feeding objects on the example of juvenile Australian red claw crayfish","authors":"R. R. Borisov, I. Nikonova, N. Kovatcheva","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-131-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-194-131-142","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work: to identify behavioral responses that make it possible to characterize the food attractiveness of potential feeding objects for juveniles of the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.Used methods: the study was conducted on the juvenile Australian red-clawed crayfish C. quadricarinatus, in the aquarium room of aquaculture invertebrate department at VNIRO. 11 types of feeding objects of plant and 4 types of animal origin were studied, as well as TetraWaferMix compound feed as a control. A total of 616 experiments were performed.Newness: on the juveniles of the Australian red-clawed crayfish C. quadricarinatus, the methodology for assessing the nutritional attractiveness of feeding objects by the nature of behavior during feed consumption was tested.Result: the experiments conducted showed that a large proportion of individuals who threw, crumbled, held food with their oral limbs for a long time without attempting to mechanical processing it or did not eat the food, indicates its unsatisfactory nutritional qualities. The time spent by crayfish on eating food depends on the hardness of the proposed components, the rate of their softening in water, the size of individuals and therefore cannot directly characterize the nutritional attractiveness of the feed. Most of the proposed forage objects (11 out of 15) had attractive nutritional characteristics for juveniles of C. quadricarinatus crayfish. The most active juveniles consumed animal feed (larvae of Chironomus sp. and Hermetia illucens, squid meat, Gammarus sp.), and among the feeds of plant origin, the seeds of oats, wheat and fried buckwheat, as well as beets and potatoes had the greatest attractiveness.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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