Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-174-189
Yu. B. Artukhin, V. Korobov, Yu. N. Gluschenko
Purpose of the work : Estimation of average annual number of seabirds that die as a result of lethal strikes with fishing gear in the specialized pollock trawl fishery by large-tonnage fleet in the West Bering Sea zone. Methods used: The article is based on materials collected by ornithologists on large freezer trawlers in the summer and autumn periods in 2020 and 2021. To record bird deaths we used inspection of warps, net sonar wire third cable, net trawl, codend during trawl retrieval and count of bird lethal collisions with fishing gear during observation sessions at all stages of fishing operations. The total mortality was estimated by extrapolating the mean catch-rates (number of dead birds per vessel day) to fishing efforts of large-tonnage fleet in the West Bering Sea zone in 2020 and 2021. Novelty: The annual average mortality of birds in large-scale trawling was determined for the first time for domestic fisheries and an expert assessment of its potential risk to populations of the catched species was carried out Results: The death of 203 birds was recorded during 139 vessel days. The total estimated mortality in fishing gear was 8,355 (CI 5259–11451) birds per year: 4,717 northern fulmars, 1,667 short-tailed shearwaters, 1,006 Laysan albatrosses, 822 black-legged kittiwakes, 48 slaty-backed gulls, 48 Vega gulls, and 47 red-legged kittiwakes. Comparison of these estimates with the global or regional number of birds suggests that mortality in fishing gear in 2020 and 2021 did not have a significant negative impact on the state of species (proportion of dead birds was 0.005–0.085% of their population estimates). Despite the regular presence of short-tailed albatrosses near trawlers in the Navarin area, no deaths in fishing gear were recorded. Practical significance: The results are necessary for the process of ecological certification of the specialized pollock trawl fishery in the West Bering Sea zone.
{"title":"Incidental mortality of seabirds in pollock trawl fishery in the northwestern part of the Bering Sea","authors":"Yu. B. Artukhin, V. Korobov, Yu. N. Gluschenko","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-174-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-174-189","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the work : Estimation of average annual number of seabirds that die as a result of lethal strikes with fishing gear in the specialized pollock trawl fishery by large-tonnage fleet in the West Bering Sea zone. Methods used: The article is based on materials collected by ornithologists on large freezer trawlers in the summer and autumn periods in 2020 and 2021. To record bird deaths we used inspection of warps, net sonar wire third cable, net trawl, codend during trawl retrieval and count of bird lethal collisions with fishing gear during observation sessions at all stages of fishing operations. The total mortality was estimated by extrapolating the mean catch-rates (number of dead birds per vessel day) to fishing efforts of large-tonnage fleet in the West Bering Sea zone in 2020 and 2021. Novelty: The annual average mortality of birds in large-scale trawling was determined for the first time for domestic fisheries and an expert assessment of its potential risk to populations of the catched species was carried out Results: The death of 203 birds was recorded during 139 vessel days. The total estimated mortality in fishing gear was 8,355 (CI 5259–11451) birds per year: 4,717 northern fulmars, 1,667 short-tailed shearwaters, 1,006 Laysan albatrosses, 822 black-legged kittiwakes, 48 slaty-backed gulls, 48 Vega gulls, and 47 red-legged kittiwakes. Comparison of these estimates with the global or regional number of birds suggests that mortality in fishing gear in 2020 and 2021 did not have a significant negative impact on the state of species (proportion of dead birds was 0.005–0.085% of their population estimates). Despite the regular presence of short-tailed albatrosses near trawlers in the Navarin area, no deaths in fishing gear were recorded. Practical significance: The results are necessary for the process of ecological certification of the specialized pollock trawl fishery in the West Bering Sea zone.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"1 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-222-228
K. V. Artamonova, S. В. Krasheninnikova, A. S. Priymak, S. A. Babich, A. N. Demidov
The goal of the work : to determine the water structure in the Central part of East Atlantic and to identify the features of the distribution of hydrological, chemical and biological characteristics of the upper layer in the autumn period Materials and methods: the data presented in the work were obtained on the 63rd cruise of the R/V «Akademik Ioffe» (September 29, 2022–December 8, 2022). During the expedition, hydrological and chemical (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrites, nitrates and silicates) characteristics were measured from the surface to the bottom, as well as biological (number, biomass and species diversity of phytoplankton), taken with chemical samples on depths of 0, 10, 20 and 50 m. Chemical analysis was carried out in the ship’s laboratory, according to certified methods for sea and fresh waters. Phytoplankton samples were thickenedusing a reverse filtration funnel through track (nuclear) membranes and fixed with Lugol’s solution to a final concentration of 5%. To study the species diversity, abundance and biomass of plankton microalgae, samples were processed by direct microscopy of algae in a living and thickened drop (V = 0.01 ml), as well as in a counting chamber (V = 0.5 ml) using an Olympus CX43 light microscope (magnification 10×20, 10×40). Identification of taxonomic groups and species composition of microalgae, calculations of the abundance and biomass of phytoplankton, as well as the Sörensen-Czekanowski floristic similarity coefficient according to the adoption of the methods of the « IBSS RAS» were carried out. The practical significance of the research : assessment of the production stock in a poorly studied region of the Central Eastern Caucasus, identification of mechanisms for influencing production processes, assessment of the variability of the water structure against the background of climate change.
{"title":"Features of the distribution of hydrological, chemical and biological characteristics in the waters of the Central-East Atlantic in the autumn of 2022 (cruise 63 of the R/V «Akademik Ioffe»)","authors":"K. V. Artamonova, S. В. Krasheninnikova, A. S. Priymak, S. A. Babich, A. N. Demidov","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-222-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-222-228","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the work : to determine the water structure in the Central part of East Atlantic and to identify the features of the distribution of hydrological, chemical and biological characteristics of the upper layer in the autumn period Materials and methods: the data presented in the work were obtained on the 63rd cruise of the R/V «Akademik Ioffe» (September 29, 2022–December 8, 2022). During the expedition, hydrological and chemical (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrites, nitrates and silicates) characteristics were measured from the surface to the bottom, as well as biological (number, biomass and species diversity of phytoplankton), taken with chemical samples on depths of 0, 10, 20 and 50 m. Chemical analysis was carried out in the ship’s laboratory, according to certified methods for sea and fresh waters. Phytoplankton samples were thickenedusing a reverse filtration funnel through track (nuclear) membranes and fixed with Lugol’s solution to a final concentration of 5%. To study the species diversity, abundance and biomass of plankton microalgae, samples were processed by direct microscopy of algae in a living and thickened drop (V = 0.01 ml), as well as in a counting chamber (V = 0.5 ml) using an Olympus CX43 light microscope (magnification 10×20, 10×40). Identification of taxonomic groups and species composition of microalgae, calculations of the abundance and biomass of phytoplankton, as well as the Sörensen-Czekanowski floristic similarity coefficient according to the adoption of the methods of the « IBSS RAS» were carried out. The practical significance of the research : assessment of the production stock in a poorly studied region of the Central Eastern Caucasus, identification of mechanisms for influencing production processes, assessment of the variability of the water structure against the background of climate change.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"3 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-216-221
A. N. Semin, A. S. Truba
The purpose of the work: to determine the main factors hindering the harmonious development of the domestic pollock market, and taking into account the assessment of the potential, the price of fish products, the demand for pollock, the results of monitoring preferences and other factors, to develop scientifically based proposals for its further development. Materials and methods: official data published by the Federal State Statistics Service, the Association of pollock miners (ADM) were used in the work. Diagnostics and monitoring of results were carried out, determinant and systematic approaches were applied. In some cases, content analysis was used. The results of the study consist in identifying factors of a motivational and demotivation nature that affect pollock market participants. Proposals have been developed to eliminate and mitigate the impact of extreme factors on the market. It has been established that the competitive advantages of the pollock market in Russia can be formed not only through access to cheap sources of raw materials, but also through the improvement of organization and management along the entire chain of movement of products from the place of fish catch to its consumption. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the results of the study in the development of economic, financial, technical and technological measures, methods and mechanisms aimed at solving the problem of increasing the level of per capita consumption of fish products, indicated in the strategy for the development of the fishery complex until 2030.
{"title":"Russian Pollock market: current state and ways of its development","authors":"A. N. Semin, A. S. Truba","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-216-221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-216-221","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work: to determine the main factors hindering the harmonious development of the domestic pollock market, and taking into account the assessment of the potential, the price of fish products, the demand for pollock, the results of monitoring preferences and other factors, to develop scientifically based proposals for its further development. Materials and methods: official data published by the Federal State Statistics Service, the Association of pollock miners (ADM) were used in the work. Diagnostics and monitoring of results were carried out, determinant and systematic approaches were applied. In some cases, content analysis was used. The results of the study consist in identifying factors of a motivational and demotivation nature that affect pollock market participants. Proposals have been developed to eliminate and mitigate the impact of extreme factors on the market. It has been established that the competitive advantages of the pollock market in Russia can be formed not only through access to cheap sources of raw materials, but also through the improvement of organization and management along the entire chain of movement of products from the place of fish catch to its consumption. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the results of the study in the development of economic, financial, technical and technological measures, methods and mechanisms aimed at solving the problem of increasing the level of per capita consumption of fish products, indicated in the strategy for the development of the fishery complex until 2030.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"1 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-162-173
K. V. Kolonchin, A. P. Pedchenko, V. A. Belyaev
Purpose . The article presents proposals for the development of studies of microplastic pollution of waters and biological resources in the Russian fishery areas. Materials and methods . The materials of VNIRO on the quantitative assessment of the MPs content in the Arctic Seas in August-October 2019–2022 and modern research on this problem are summarized. MPs samples were collected on the surface of the seas with a Manta-trawl 335 and processed according to a single method. Results . The conducted studies pick up knowledge gaps regarding the real level of marine MPs pollution of the Arctic region. Novelty . No large-scale localization of MPs was detected in the observation areas, the level of plastic pollution on the surface of the Russian Arctic seas was lower compared to other areas of the World Ocean. We point out the relevance of the assumption that a significant part of MPs fragments and fibers are transported by Atlantic and Pacific currents to the Arctic basin. A sample survey of fish in commercial catches for MPs contamination confirmed the presence of its fragments and fibers in the digestive tract of some individuals (pink salmon, greenlings, herring, sea bass) caught in the North Pacific seas in 2019, 2021 and 2022. Practical significance . The global increase in MPs content in the Northern hemisphere seas, exacerbated by climate change, requires a transition from exploratory scientific observations to regular multidisciplinary study of plastic pollution of biotopes of ecosystems of the Arctic, North Pacific and Atlantic seas. The key points and tasks of monitoring microplastic pollution of waters and biological resources in the Russian fishing areas provide for objective and comparable assessments based on the use of unified methods of collection and processing of samples, as well as an ecosystem approach to prevent environmental risks and ensure food safety.
{"title":"Studies of microplastic content in water and commercial fish: from scientific research to large-scale monitoring","authors":"K. V. Kolonchin, A. P. Pedchenko, V. A. Belyaev","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-162-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-162-173","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose . The article presents proposals for the development of studies of microplastic pollution of waters and biological resources in the Russian fishery areas. Materials and methods . The materials of VNIRO on the quantitative assessment of the MPs content in the Arctic Seas in August-October 2019–2022 and modern research on this problem are summarized. MPs samples were collected on the surface of the seas with a Manta-trawl 335 and processed according to a single method. Results . The conducted studies pick up knowledge gaps regarding the real level of marine MPs pollution of the Arctic region. Novelty . No large-scale localization of MPs was detected in the observation areas, the level of plastic pollution on the surface of the Russian Arctic seas was lower compared to other areas of the World Ocean. We point out the relevance of the assumption that a significant part of MPs fragments and fibers are transported by Atlantic and Pacific currents to the Arctic basin. A sample survey of fish in commercial catches for MPs contamination confirmed the presence of its fragments and fibers in the digestive tract of some individuals (pink salmon, greenlings, herring, sea bass) caught in the North Pacific seas in 2019, 2021 and 2022. Practical significance . The global increase in MPs content in the Northern hemisphere seas, exacerbated by climate change, requires a transition from exploratory scientific observations to regular multidisciplinary study of plastic pollution of biotopes of ecosystems of the Arctic, North Pacific and Atlantic seas. The key points and tasks of monitoring microplastic pollution of waters and biological resources in the Russian fishing areas provide for objective and comparable assessments based on the use of unified methods of collection and processing of samples, as well as an ecosystem approach to prevent environmental risks and ensure food safety.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"1 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-152-161
A. A. Gusev, E. S. Bubnova
The aim: to assess the ecological state of the Gulf of Finland in the summer of 2020 using the benthic index of the ratio of opportunistic polychaetes/amphipods (BOPA) and the benthic index of the ratio of opportunistic annelids/amphipods (BO2A). Research material and methods : the material was collected during the 55th cruise of the PV Akademik Ioffein July 2020. To assess the ecological state of the Gulf of Finland CTD‑soundings and macrozoobenthos data were used, the BOPA and BO2A indices were calculated. Results: the obtained values of the ecological state of water body based on the BOPA and BO2A indices in this study characterize the quality of the sea along the central part in the Gulf of Finland. The negative statistically significant correlation between indices BOPA, BO2A and concentration of the dissolved oxygen are established. Practical significance: a complete picture of the ecological state of the Gulf of Finland in 2020 was obtained. The presented data showed that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bottom layer, under conditions of unstable salinity stratification, affects the values of the BOPA and BO2A indices through the tolerance of various taxonomic groups. BOPA and BO2A indices can be used in assessing water quality
目的:利用机会多毛类/片脚类动物比例底栖指数(BOPA)和机会环节类/片脚类动物比例底栖指数(BO2A)评估2020年夏季芬兰湾的生态状况。研究材料和方法:材料是在2020年7月PV Akademik ioffk第55次巡航期间收集的。为了评价芬兰湾的生态状况，采用CTD测深和大型底栖动物数据，计算了BOPA和BO2A指数。结果:本研究基于BOPA和BO2A指数得到的水体生态状态值表征了芬兰湾中部海域的水质特征。BOPA、BO2A指标与溶解氧浓度呈显著负相关。实际意义:获得了2020年芬兰湾生态状况的全貌。结果表明，在不稳定盐度分层条件下，海底溶解氧浓度通过不同分类类群的耐受性影响BOPA和BO2A指数的值。BOPA和BO2A指标可用于水质评价
{"title":"State of zoobenthos and marine ecological status along the central part of the Gulf of Finland in 2020, Baltic Sea","authors":"A. A. Gusev, E. S. Bubnova","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-152-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-152-161","url":null,"abstract":"The aim: to assess the ecological state of the Gulf of Finland in the summer of 2020 using the benthic index of the ratio of opportunistic polychaetes/amphipods (BOPA) and the benthic index of the ratio of opportunistic annelids/amphipods (BO2A). Research material and methods : the material was collected during the 55th cruise of the PV Akademik Ioffein July 2020. To assess the ecological state of the Gulf of Finland CTD‑soundings and macrozoobenthos data were used, the BOPA and BO2A indices were calculated. Results: the obtained values of the ecological state of water body based on the BOPA and BO2A indices in this study characterize the quality of the sea along the central part in the Gulf of Finland. The negative statistically significant correlation between indices BOPA, BO2A and concentration of the dissolved oxygen are established. Practical significance: a complete picture of the ecological state of the Gulf of Finland in 2020 was obtained. The presented data showed that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bottom layer, under conditions of unstable salinity stratification, affects the values of the BOPA and BO2A indices through the tolerance of various taxonomic groups. BOPA and BO2A indices can be used in assessing water quality","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"2 22","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-190-215
A. V. Podkorytova, A. I. Usov, N. V. Evseeva, A. N. Roshchina
Aim: To analyze published data on the distribution, stocks of brown and red algae in the White and Black Seas, as well as on the chemical structure and properties of polysaccharides and their use. Evaluate the effectiveness of chemical-technological research and its results. Methods used: In preparing the review, science-metric methods of literature analysis from the databases of the RSCI, Scopus were used, as well as our own published research results, which used the methods of IR spectroscopy, carbon‑13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13С-NMR) and standard methods Result: A review of the scientific literature on the distribution, stocks and use of algae in the White and Black Seas of the coastal zones of Russia are presented. Data on the study of the chemical composition, technological properties and chemical structure of polysaccharides from the White Sea brown algae — Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum , as well as Gongolaria barbata, Ericaria crinita — Black Sea and red algae A. plicata of the White Sea and 2 species — Coccotylus brodiei and Phyllophora crispa of the Black Sea. Novelty: Alginates from Cystoseira have been shown to contain about 35% L-guluronic acid. The chemical structure of the polysaccharide from Phyllophora crispa has been confirmed as kappa-omega-carrageenan. The prospect of using A. plicata residues after agar extraction and their processing as secondary raw materials to obtain microcrystalline cellulose, nanocellulose or amino acid hydrolyzate was shown. Practical significance : The presented data on the distribution of algae stocks and the recommended yield (RY), their chemical composition, as well as the structure and properties of polysaccharides can be used to draw up recommendations for regulating fisheries and planning production.
{"title":"Commercial algae in the White and Black Seas of the Russia coastal zones: stocks, chemical composition, structure, properties of polysaccharides, rational use","authors":"A. V. Podkorytova, A. I. Usov, N. V. Evseeva, A. N. Roshchina","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-190-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-190-215","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To analyze published data on the distribution, stocks of brown and red algae in the White and Black Seas, as well as on the chemical structure and properties of polysaccharides and their use. Evaluate the effectiveness of chemical-technological research and its results. Methods used: In preparing the review, science-metric methods of literature analysis from the databases of the RSCI, Scopus were used, as well as our own published research results, which used the methods of IR spectroscopy, carbon‑13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13С-NMR) and standard methods Result: A review of the scientific literature on the distribution, stocks and use of algae in the White and Black Seas of the coastal zones of Russia are presented. Data on the study of the chemical composition, technological properties and chemical structure of polysaccharides from the White Sea brown algae — Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum , as well as Gongolaria barbata, Ericaria crinita — Black Sea and red algae A. plicata of the White Sea and 2 species — Coccotylus brodiei and Phyllophora crispa of the Black Sea. Novelty: Alginates from Cystoseira have been shown to contain about 35% L-guluronic acid. The chemical structure of the polysaccharide from Phyllophora crispa has been confirmed as kappa-omega-carrageenan. The prospect of using A. plicata residues after agar extraction and their processing as secondary raw materials to obtain microcrystalline cellulose, nanocellulose or amino acid hydrolyzate was shown. Practical significance : The presented data on the distribution of algae stocks and the recommended yield (RY), their chemical composition, as well as the structure and properties of polysaccharides can be used to draw up recommendations for regulating fisheries and planning production.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":"2 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135086314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-140-151
L. L. Kapustina, A. A. Bystrova, A. S. Prishchepa, E. S. Solov’eva
Objective : Determination of the quantitative level of the Lake Ilmen bacterial community in a retrospective. Assessment of lake water quality by microbiological indicators based on the results of seasonal microbiological studies in 2022 Research material and methods used : The material was samples of bacterioplankton from the surface water layer of the Lake Ilmen, collected in May, August and September 2022. The total numbers of microorganisms was determined by the epifluorescence method using DAPI fluorochrome. Standard methods were used to determine the number of saprophytic microorganisms at two temperature regimes. Originality: For the first time in the last 25 years, the quantitative characteristics of the bacterial community of Lake Ilmen were determined. A quality assessment of lake waters has been carried out, and the values of self-purification coefficients were calculated. Results : The microbiological characteristic of the water masses of Lake Ilmen, as a habitat for bioresources, is presented. The maximum values of the total bacterial numbers (TBN) were observed in May (average 5.05±0.52×106 cells/ml) during the spring flood, the minimum — at the end of September (average 3.21±0.89×106 cells/ml) during the cooling period of the lake. Coccoid cells prevailed in the bacterioplankton, which indirectly indicates the absence of contamination of the lake waters with organic matter of various origins. According to the average for the observation period TBN (4.10±1.05×106 cells/ml), the trophic state of the lake corresponded to weakly eutrophic. The number of saprophytic bacteria growing at 22 °С always exceeded that at 37oC, which indicated active self-purification processes. According to the quantitative ratios of the TBN and the number of saprophytic bacteria growing at 22 °С (OMH 22 °С), the water masses of the lake, with rare exceptions, belonged to the conditional category of “pure” (oligosaprobic)
{"title":"Current state of bacterioplankton of Lake Ilmen","authors":"L. L. Kapustina, A. A. Bystrova, A. S. Prishchepa, E. S. Solov’eva","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-140-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-140-151","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Determination of the quantitative level of the Lake Ilmen bacterial community in a retrospective. Assessment of lake water quality by microbiological indicators based on the results of seasonal microbiological studies in 2022 Research material and methods used : The material was samples of bacterioplankton from the surface water layer of the Lake Ilmen, collected in May, August and September 2022. The total numbers of microorganisms was determined by the epifluorescence method using DAPI fluorochrome. Standard methods were used to determine the number of saprophytic microorganisms at two temperature regimes. Originality: For the first time in the last 25 years, the quantitative characteristics of the bacterial community of Lake Ilmen were determined. A quality assessment of lake waters has been carried out, and the values of self-purification coefficients were calculated. Results : The microbiological characteristic of the water masses of Lake Ilmen, as a habitat for bioresources, is presented. The maximum values of the total bacterial numbers (TBN) were observed in May (average 5.05±0.52×106 cells/ml) during the spring flood, the minimum — at the end of September (average 3.21±0.89×106 cells/ml) during the cooling period of the lake. Coccoid cells prevailed in the bacterioplankton, which indirectly indicates the absence of contamination of the lake waters with organic matter of various origins. According to the average for the observation period TBN (4.10±1.05×106 cells/ml), the trophic state of the lake corresponded to weakly eutrophic. The number of saprophytic bacteria growing at 22 °С always exceeded that at 37oC, which indicated active self-purification processes. According to the quantitative ratios of the TBN and the number of saprophytic bacteria growing at 22 °С (OMH 22 °С), the water masses of the lake, with rare exceptions, belonged to the conditional category of “pure” (oligosaprobic)","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":" 469","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135186379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-130-139
O. V. Vorobieva, К. К. Kivva, A. B. Demidov, E. V. Eremeeva, A. A. Polukhin, V. A. Artemiev, S. A. Shchuka
The aim of the work was to study the distribution of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in the deepest part of the western Kara Sea — the Novaya Zemlya Trough and in St. Anna Trough. Materials : field studies of Chl-a, macronutrients, dissolved oxygen and physical parameters were held in September 2020 during the 81st cruise of R/V «Akademik Mstislav Keldysh». The results showed that Chl-a concentration within the upper 100 m layer ranged from 0.01 to 1.37 mg/m 3 (median value of 0.23 mg/m3). The maximum concentrations of Chl-a in the Novaya Zemlya Trough (0.39–1.18 mg/m 3 ) were observed at depths of 10–35 m, in the St. Anna Trough (0.25–1.37 mg/m3) — in the upper 15-meter layer. In the vertical distribution of Chl-a the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) was noted at depths of 10–42 m. In the southern part of the St. Anna Trough, the maximum concentrations of Chl-a were observed in the surface horizon. SCM existence depended on the runoff water distribution: well-pronounced SCM was observed at stations with high surface salinity which were characterized by a deeper euphotic depth, and a low concentration of Chl-a at the surface. In regions affected by river runoff, which had low salinity and high nutrient content in the upper layer as well as shallow depth of the photic layer, the maximum concentrations of Chl-a were observed at the surface. The share of pheophytin varied from 18 to 73% (median value of 41%) with minimum values in the layer of chlorophyll maximum. Integrated Chl-a concentration ranged from 5.75 to 24.54 mg/m 2 (median value of 9.51 mg/m 2 ), the highest values were observed in regions with deeper euphotic layer and pronounced SCM. Practical value : the data on the vertical distribution of Chl-a concentration allow to expand understanding of the conditions of organic matter formation and productivity of the Kara Sea.
{"title":"Vertical distribution of chlorophyll a in the western part of the Kara Sea in autumn 2020","authors":"O. V. Vorobieva, К. К. Kivva, A. B. Demidov, E. V. Eremeeva, A. A. Polukhin, V. A. Artemiev, S. A. Shchuka","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-130-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-130-139","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to study the distribution of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in the deepest part of the western Kara Sea — the Novaya Zemlya Trough and in St. Anna Trough. Materials : field studies of Chl-a, macronutrients, dissolved oxygen and physical parameters were held in September 2020 during the 81st cruise of R/V «Akademik Mstislav Keldysh». The results showed that Chl-a concentration within the upper 100 m layer ranged from 0.01 to 1.37 mg/m 3 (median value of 0.23 mg/m3). The maximum concentrations of Chl-a in the Novaya Zemlya Trough (0.39–1.18 mg/m 3 ) were observed at depths of 10–35 m, in the St. Anna Trough (0.25–1.37 mg/m3) — in the upper 15-meter layer. In the vertical distribution of Chl-a the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) was noted at depths of 10–42 m. In the southern part of the St. Anna Trough, the maximum concentrations of Chl-a were observed in the surface horizon. SCM existence depended on the runoff water distribution: well-pronounced SCM was observed at stations with high surface salinity which were characterized by a deeper euphotic depth, and a low concentration of Chl-a at the surface. In regions affected by river runoff, which had low salinity and high nutrient content in the upper layer as well as shallow depth of the photic layer, the maximum concentrations of Chl-a were observed at the surface. The share of pheophytin varied from 18 to 73% (median value of 41%) with minimum values in the layer of chlorophyll maximum. Integrated Chl-a concentration ranged from 5.75 to 24.54 mg/m 2 (median value of 9.51 mg/m 2 ), the highest values were observed in regions with deeper euphotic layer and pronounced SCM. Practical value : the data on the vertical distribution of Chl-a concentration allow to expand understanding of the conditions of organic matter formation and productivity of the Kara Sea.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":" 467","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135186381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-82-100
L. K. Sidorov, V. A. Bizikov, V. V. Rozhnov, S. V. Shipulin, V. V. Kuznetsov, I. F. Belokobylsky, N. A. Myagkiy, M. A. Solovyeva, D. M. Glazov, Ye. A. Nazarenko
The aim of this research was to assess the current abundance of the Caspian seal population on ice in the Russian part of the North Caspian using instrumental methods of aerial survey in the infrared and optical ranges using a manned aircraft and UAV. The main method of the research was a multispectral aerial survey, the essence of which is to survey seal haulouts synchronously in the infrared and optical ranges. In winter, 90% of all mature individuals gather on the ice substrate of the Northern Caspian for reproduction, lactation and mating and spend a significant part of their time outside the water, which greatly facilitates their detection and counting. The aerial survey was carried out in parallel from two types of aircraft — the La‑8 manned amphibious aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with high-resolution cameras in optical and infrared modes, which ensure reliable registration of seals on ice. Novelty: the advantage of joint use of a manned aircraft and a UAV equipped with special photo and infrared equipment is noted. As a result of the research, the flights were carried out from February 20 to March 5, 2023 in the daytime in good visibility conditions at an altitude of 200 to 300 m. amounted to 19704 individuals, including 4062 puppies. The animals were located in the southeastern part of the ice cover near the air demarcation line between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan on the ice edge. An increase in the number of seals was recorded due to migrating individuals from Kazakhstan. Breeding of the Caspian seal in winter 2022/2023 proceeded in a satisfactory manner. During the flight, it was found that there were no fresh releases of seals on the coast of Dagestan. Separate old carcasses, partially torn to pieces, were registered only on the shores of the Agrakhan Peninsula. Practical value : the obtained data are needed to assess the current abundance of the Caspian seal population in the Caspian Sea.
{"title":"Abundance and distribution of the Caspian seals on ice in the Russian part of the Northern Caspian in February — March 2023","authors":"L. K. Sidorov, V. A. Bizikov, V. V. Rozhnov, S. V. Shipulin, V. V. Kuznetsov, I. F. Belokobylsky, N. A. Myagkiy, M. A. Solovyeva, D. M. Glazov, Ye. A. Nazarenko","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-82-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-82-100","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to assess the current abundance of the Caspian seal population on ice in the Russian part of the North Caspian using instrumental methods of aerial survey in the infrared and optical ranges using a manned aircraft and UAV. The main method of the research was a multispectral aerial survey, the essence of which is to survey seal haulouts synchronously in the infrared and optical ranges. In winter, 90% of all mature individuals gather on the ice substrate of the Northern Caspian for reproduction, lactation and mating and spend a significant part of their time outside the water, which greatly facilitates their detection and counting. The aerial survey was carried out in parallel from two types of aircraft — the La‑8 manned amphibious aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with high-resolution cameras in optical and infrared modes, which ensure reliable registration of seals on ice. Novelty: the advantage of joint use of a manned aircraft and a UAV equipped with special photo and infrared equipment is noted. As a result of the research, the flights were carried out from February 20 to March 5, 2023 in the daytime in good visibility conditions at an altitude of 200 to 300 m. amounted to 19704 individuals, including 4062 puppies. The animals were located in the southeastern part of the ice cover near the air demarcation line between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan on the ice edge. An increase in the number of seals was recorded due to migrating individuals from Kazakhstan. Breeding of the Caspian seal in winter 2022/2023 proceeded in a satisfactory manner. During the flight, it was found that there were no fresh releases of seals on the coast of Dagestan. Separate old carcasses, partially torn to pieces, were registered only on the shores of the Agrakhan Peninsula. Practical value : the obtained data are needed to assess the current abundance of the Caspian seal population in the Caspian Sea.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":" 474","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135186374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-101-118
K. K. Kivva, M. V. Budyansky, M. Y. Uleysky, S. V. Prants
The aim of this work is characteristic of spatio-temporal variability of Pacific water distribution in the Sea of Okhotsk based on Lagrangian approach and spatial analysis. Materials and methods . The study is based on geostrophic current data product from satellite altimetry. The dataset has resolution of 0,25° × 0,25° × 1 day. This data is used for calculation of approximately 100000 water parcels trajectories during 400 days back in time for every day from 31st of January 1997 to 17th of April 2022. For each date in this interval, those parcels which intersected the conditional Kuril transect were determined, as well as region and date of transect intersection. Those two parameters were used in cluster analysis with DBSCAN method in order to distinguish individual Pacific intrusions. Position, shape, and size of each intrusion were investigated. Results allowed to suggest two types of indexes describing distribution of Pacific-origin water in the Sea of Okhotsk. First, centroid of particles of Pacific origin with residence time between 1 and 6 months is calculated. Variability of centroid position showed northward displacement of Pacific waters in spring-summer and south[1]ward displacement in autumn-winter. Eastward displacement towards Kamchatka coast usually occurs during winters and opposite westward displacement is usual for summers. In 1998, 2003, 2010, 2013, 2017, and 2019 waters of Pacific origin had the most northern location. Second type of indexes is based on location and shape characteristics of Pacific water intrusions. The fractal dimensionality and convexity measure of intrusions are rapidly decreasing after the intrusion reaches its maximum area. Centroids of the most prominent intrusions follow the path along 152–154 °E. Both types of indices showed intensification of Pacific inflow since 2010. Practical value . The time-series of resulted indexes are suggested to be implemented in integrated ecosystem assessments of the eastern Sea of Okhotsk.
{"title":"Analysis of spatio-temporal variability of Pacific water distribution in the Sea of Okhotsk based on Lagrangian approach","authors":"K. K. Kivva, M. V. Budyansky, M. Y. Uleysky, S. V. Prants","doi":"10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-101-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2023-193-101-118","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is characteristic of spatio-temporal variability of Pacific water distribution in the Sea of Okhotsk based on Lagrangian approach and spatial analysis. Materials and methods . The study is based on geostrophic current data product from satellite altimetry. The dataset has resolution of 0,25° × 0,25° × 1 day. This data is used for calculation of approximately 100000 water parcels trajectories during 400 days back in time for every day from 31st of January 1997 to 17th of April 2022. For each date in this interval, those parcels which intersected the conditional Kuril transect were determined, as well as region and date of transect intersection. Those two parameters were used in cluster analysis with DBSCAN method in order to distinguish individual Pacific intrusions. Position, shape, and size of each intrusion were investigated. Results allowed to suggest two types of indexes describing distribution of Pacific-origin water in the Sea of Okhotsk. First, centroid of particles of Pacific origin with residence time between 1 and 6 months is calculated. Variability of centroid position showed northward displacement of Pacific waters in spring-summer and south[1]ward displacement in autumn-winter. Eastward displacement towards Kamchatka coast usually occurs during winters and opposite westward displacement is usual for summers. In 1998, 2003, 2010, 2013, 2017, and 2019 waters of Pacific origin had the most northern location. Second type of indexes is based on location and shape characteristics of Pacific water intrusions. The fractal dimensionality and convexity measure of intrusions are rapidly decreasing after the intrusion reaches its maximum area. Centroids of the most prominent intrusions follow the path along 152–154 °E. Both types of indices showed intensification of Pacific inflow since 2010. Practical value . The time-series of resulted indexes are suggested to be implemented in integrated ecosystem assessments of the eastern Sea of Okhotsk.","PeriodicalId":486863,"journal":{"name":"Trudy VNIRO","volume":" 479","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135186509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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