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Economic resilience of the enterprise 企业的经济复原力
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)04
Oleksandr Belimenko
The essence of the term "economic resilience" and the possibility of using this concept in relation to the social and economic system of the micro-level of the enterprise have been studied. The content of the terms " resilience" and "economic condition" as the main components of the studied concept is analyzed. The aim of the article is to identify the available theoretical approaches to determining the economic resilience of the enterprise, its essential features and the formation of the author’s point of view. It is hypothesized that economic resilience is a complex characteristic of an enterprise that signi­ficantly affects its deve­lopment in the long term in conditions of instability. The following general scientific methods were used during the research: theoretical gene­ralization, grouping and systematization. The etymology of the concept of "economic resilience" was studied and the main scientific approaches to its understand­ding were analyzed. In order to structure and systematize the resear­ched ques­tion, a theore­tical analysis of existing inter­pretations in foreign and domestic scientific works was car­ried out. On the basis of the con­du­cted research, an author’s approach to deter­mining the essence of economic resilience of the enterprise was formed, which can serve as a basis for further scientific research.
研究了 "经济恢复力 "这一术语的本质,以及在企业微观层面的社会和经济体系中使用这一概念的可能性。文章分析了作为所研究概念主要组成部分的 "恢复力 "和 "经济状况 "这两个术语的内容。文章旨在确定确定企业经济恢复力的现有理论方法、其基本特征以及作者观点的形成。假设经济恢复力是企业的一个复杂特征,在不稳定条件下会对企业的长期发展产生重大影响。研究过程中使用了以下一般科学方法:理论概括、分组和系统化。研究了 "经济恢复力 "概念的词源,分析了理解这一概念的主要科学方法。为了使研究问题结构化和系统化,对国内外科学著作中的现有解释进行了理论分析。在研究的基础上,形成了作者确定企业经济恢复力本质的方法,该方法可作为进一步科学研究的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Сoordination of fiscal and monetary policy in Ukraine 乌克兰财政和货币政策的协调
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)01
Valentyna Makohon
In the conditions of uncertainty and economic instability, the issue of researching approaches to strengthening the coordination of fiscal and monetary policy is becoming relevant. The aim of the research is to justify directions for strengthening the coordination of fiscal and monetary policy of Ukraine. It is hypothesized that the level of fiscal and monetary policy coordination determines the country’s ability to ensure macroeconomic stability. Special and general scientific methods were used: system approach, theoretical generalization, induction and deduction, statistical, scientific abstraction. Strengthening the coordination of fiscal and monetary policy is an important stabilization tool for ensuring the adaptation of the economy to social and economic conditions, curbing inflation in order to maintain exchange rate stability, reducing fundamental price pressure and directly overcoming inflationary processes. The toolkit of fiscal and monetary policy must be considered in an inseparable unity, taking into account the synergistic effect of ensuring macro­economic stability, which cannot be achieved exclusively by the tools of only one of the policies. The main directions of strengthening the coordination of the fiscal and monetary policy of Ukraine at this stage include: combining the tools inherent in both directions of policies, strengthening its flexibility and adaptability to socio-economic processes; sy­ner­gy of policy instruments in the context of ensuring debt sustainability and reducing fiscal risks; substantiation of the common strategic goals of policies, which will contribute to strengthening their coordination, in particular by developing an appropriate strategy; the development of a financial toolkit for prevention and response, within the framework of which policy instruments are used together, in particular by improving the traditional practice of applying macroprudential measures; streng­thening the independence of state institutions that ensure the formation and implementation of fiscal and monetary policy by continuing institutional and legislative reforms in the relevant areas.
在不确定和经济不稳定的条件下,研究加强财政和货币政策协调的方法问题正变得越来越重要。本研究的目的是论证加强乌克兰财政和货币政策协调的方向。假设财政和货币政策的协调水平决定了国家确保宏观经济稳定的能力。研究采用了特殊和一般科学方法:系统方法、理论概括、归纳和演绎、统计、科学抽象。加强财政政策和货币政策的协调是确保经济适应社会经济条件、抑制通货膨胀以保持汇率稳定、减轻基本物价压力和直接克服通货膨胀过程的重要稳定手段。考虑到确保宏观经济稳定的协同效应,必须将财政政策和货币政策工具包视为不可分割的统一体,因为仅靠其中一种政策工具是无法实现宏观经济稳定的。现阶段加强乌克兰财政和货币政策协调的主要方向包括结合两个政策方向固有的工具,加强其灵活性和对社会经济进程的适应性;在确保债务可持续性和降低财政风险的背景下,政策工具之间的协同作用;确定政策的共同战略目标,这将有助于加强政策协调,特别是通过制定适当的战略;制定预防和应对的金融工具包,在此框架内共同使用政策工具,特别是通过改 进采用宏观审慎措施的传统做法;通过继续进行相关领域的体制和立法改革,加 强确保制定和实施财政和货币政策的国家机构的独立性。
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引用次数: 0
Digital marketing automation 数字营销自动化
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)06
Tetiana Iankovets
Increased competition in an uncertain digital environment requires new approaches to improving marketing and business efficiency. Automation of business processes and marketing ensures management decisions aimed at improving customer experience by collecting, processing, and analyzing a huge amount of objective customer data from various sources and software services. For the company, it saves time and resources by automating routine processes, and, given the improved customer experience and corresponding loyalty of the target audience, it helps to increase the efficiency of marketing investments and improve the effectiveness of digital marketing (DM) and business. The article is aimed at substantiating the structure of a single user profile based on the integration of ESP and other DM software services with a CRM system.  The hypothesis is formulated: creating a single user profile based on the integration of ESP and other DM software services with a CRM system by speeding up communication and improving customer experi­ence will increase the efficiency of DM and business in general. The research was conducted using general scientific and special methods: analysis and synthesis, system-structural analy­sis, comparison, systematic, logical generali­zation of results. Considerable attention is paid to email marketing, which remains one of the most popular DM automation tools, as it allows you to smoothly guide the consumer through the sales funnel with a high return on marketing investment. The effectiveness of integrating a CRM system and an ESP is proved, due to the specialization and functional features of the latter in interacting with consumers via email. The technologies, stages and tools of DM automation are systematized. It is proposed to collect all information about a particular consumer in a single user profile. This requires finding a technical solution for each business process and connecting software services into a single digital ecosystem. Collecting information about the company’s customers and their journey at all points of interaction in one place by integrating the services used into a single user profile allows you to make more effective decisions in marketing and business and achieve business goals
在不确定的数字环境中,竞争日趋激烈,这就需要采用新的方法来提高营销和业务效率。通过收集、处理和分析来自各种来源和软件服务的大量客观客户数据,业务流程和市场营销自动化可确保旨在改善客户体验的管理决策。对公司而言,它通过自动化日常流程节省了时间和资源,而且,鉴于客户体验的改善和目标受众相应的忠诚度,它有助于提高营销投资的效率,改善数字营销(DM)和业务的有效性。本文旨在证实基于 ESP 和其他 DM 软件服务与 CRM 系统集成的单一用户配置文件结构。 文章提出假设:在将 ESP 和其他 DM 软件服务与 CRM 系统集成的基础上,通过加快沟通和改善客户体验来创建单一用户配置文件,这将从总体上提高 DM 和业务的效率。研究采用了一般科学方法和特殊方法:分析与综合、系统结构分析、比较、系统化、结果的逻辑概括。电子邮件营销受到了相当大的关注,它仍然是最受欢迎的 DM 自动化工具之一,因为它可以顺利地引导消费者通过销售漏斗,并获得较高的营销投资回报。客户关系管理系统(CRM)和 ESP 集成的有效性已得到证明,这是因为后者在通过电子邮件与消费者互动方面具有专业性和功能性。DM 自动化的技术、阶段和工具系统化。建议在单个用户配置文件中收集特定消费者的所有信息。这就需要为每个业务流程找到技术解决方案,并将软件服务连接到一个数字生态系统中。通过将所使用的服务整合到一个单一的用户配置文件中,在一个地方收集有关公司客户及其在所有互动点的旅程的信息,可以在营销和业务方面做出更有效的决策,并实现业务目标。
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引用次数: 0
Artificial intelligence in accounting 会计中的人工智能
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)08
S. Korol, O. Romashko
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies open up broad horizons for enhancing business efficiency and advancing various professional domains, boosting their productivity and compe­titiveness. There is an active exploration of approaches to incorporating AI technologies in the accounting sphere, promising a seamless transition from human to machine involvement. The aim of this article is to summarize the acquired experience, identify perspectives, constraints, and risks associated with the use of AI technologies in the professional activities of accountants. The research is based on the hypothesis that widespread use of AI in the professional activity of an accountant with an insufficient level of professional skepticism and caution carries significant threats and risks for both the accountant and the business as a whole. Scientific search methods, comparative and critical analysis, theoretical generalization, and synthesis were used. A prerequisite for imple­menting AI technologies in accounting is expert information systems and ERP systems. The analysis of AI technology implementation experience in various industries demonstrates their relevance in the accounting field for performing routine tasks (automated recognition of primary documents, processing incoming signals, and other standard operations with a simultaneous reduction in the probability of errors), analyzing large datasets, and providing information support for decision-making (pro­ces­sing business data and regulatory docu­ments), training professionals, and organi­zing internal and external communication (parti­cularly between humans and machines). Identi­fied potential risks include breaches of privacy and data security, misinterpretation of output data, and the disregard of activity context, external and internal environments, especially due to the absence of emotional intelligence, which influences the trust level in integrated information systems. The requirement for the application of professional assessments and judgments, mandated by regulatory documents, limits the scope of AI technology utilization in accounting. Future research should focus on exploring the possibilities of widespread integ­ration of AI technologies in information systems for accounting and improving legislation based on the principle of risk assessment.
人工智能(AI)技术为提高业务效率、推动各专业领域的发展、提高生产力和竞争力开辟了广阔的前景。人们正在积极探索将人工智能技术纳入会计领域的方法,有望实现从人工参与到机器参与的无缝过渡。本文旨在总结已有经验,明确在会计师职业活动中使用人工智能技术的相关视角、制约因素和风险。研究基于这样一个假设:在会计师的职业活动中广泛使用人工智能,但职业怀疑和谨慎程度不够,会给会计师和整个企业带来巨大的威胁和风险。本文采用了科学搜索法、比较和批判分析法、理论概括和综合法。在会计领域实施人工智能技术的前提是专家信息系统和企业资源规划系统。对各行各业人工智能技术实施经验的分析表明,人工智能技术在会计领域执行常规任务(自动识别主要文件、处理传入信号和其他标准操作,同时降低出错概率)、分析大型数据集、为决策提供信息支持(处理业务数据和监管文件)、培训专业人员、组织内部和外部交流(特别是人与机器之间的交流)等方面具有重要意义。已发现的潜在风险包括侵犯隐私和数据安全、曲解输出数据、忽视活动背景、外部和内部环境,特别是由于缺乏情商,这影响了对综合信息系统的信任度。规范性文件要求应用专业评估和判断,这限制了人工智能技术在会计领域的应用范围。未来的研究应侧重于探索在会计信息系统中广泛集成人工智能技术的可能性,并在风险评估原则的基础上完善立法。
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引用次数: 0
Goodwill measurement in consolidated financial statements 合并财务报表中的商誉计量
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)09
S. Semenova
The largest business in terms of capitali­zation value, revenues and profits was formed as a result of a business combination. Consolidated financial statements are of undoubted value to users and stakeholders in assessing risks, prospects and analyzing the interaction of companies within the group. Special indicators of consolidated financial statements, such as goodwill, allow estimating the expected value of acquired companies in a business combination. However, the current methodology does not allow for the evaluation of all aspects of value that constitute goodwill. The aim of the article is to supplement the methods of goodwill valuation in business combinations for further substan­tiated disclosure in consolidated finan­cial statements, in accordance with the interests and needs of investors and managers. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach, critical analysis, synthesis, induction and deduc­tion, comparison, economic-mathematical methods of goodwill calculation, and genera­lization of principles of consolidated reporting. An analysis of key international standards allowed us to determine the peculiarities of applying the acquisition method for different types of business combinations. The share of ownership in an investee determines the nature of influence and the method of consolidation. Goodwill is the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the net assets acquired in a business combination. When companies merge, goodwill reflects the intangible aspects of the business and the expected added value, which serves as the investment object. Therefore, methods for valuing goodwill during business combinations are identified to disclose in consolidated finan­cial statements in accordance with IFRS. Additionally, a group of complementary good­will valuation methods is systematized to determine and justify all aspects of forming the undisclosed added value of the investee compa­ny. The proposed methodology allows for considering the interests of various stakeholders in goodwill valuation. It is crucial to regard the goodwill disclosed in the financial statements as consent and willingness of the parent company to pay more, based on evidence and calculations obtained through a comprehensive goodwill valuation methodology. The proven hypothesis of the research suggests that for a justified valuation of goodwill during consolidation, it is necessary to supplement existing approaches and measure the value of brand, long-term stability, sustainable development, corporate so­ci­al responsibility, and utilize artificial intelli­gence. Goodwill reflects strategic value but may also be subject to impairment if its value is not sufficiently supported by expected profits. 
就资本化价值、收入和利润而言,最大的企业是通过企业合并形成的。合并财务报表对于用户和利益相关者评估风险、前景和分析集团内各公司之间的互动无疑具有重要价值。合并财务报表的特殊指标,如商誉,可以估算企业合并中被收购公司的预期价值。然而,现行方法无法对构成商誉的价值的所有方面进行评估。本文旨在根据投资者和管理者的利益和需求,对企业合并中的商誉评估方法进行补充,以便在合并财务报表中进一步证实披露。研究方法基于系统方法、批判性分析、综合、归纳和演绎、比较、商誉计算的经济数学方法以及合并报告原则的概括。通过对主要国际标准的分析,我们确定了对不同类型的企业合并采用收购法的特殊性。对被投资企业的所有权份额决定了影响的性质和合并方法。商誉是企业合并中收购价格与所购净资产公允价值之间的差额。公司合并时,商誉反映了业务的无形方面和预期增值,是投资对象。因此,根据《国际财务报告准则》,确定了企业合并期间商誉的估值方法,以便在合并财务报表中披露。此外,还对一组互补的商誉估值方法进行了系统化,以确定和证明形成被投资公司未披露附加值的所有方面。建议的方法允许在商誉估值中考虑各利益相关者的利益。至关重要的是,要将财务报表中披露的商誉视为母公司同意并愿意支付更多,其依据是通过综合商誉估值方法获得的证据和计算结果。研究的验证假设表明,为了在合并期间对商誉进行合理估值,有必要对现有方法进行补充,并衡量品牌价值、长期稳定性、可持续发展、企业社会责任,以及利用人工智能。商誉反映了战略价值,但如果其价值没有预期利润的充分支持,也可能出现减值。
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引用次数: 0
Labor productivity in retail trade 零售业的劳动生产率
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)03
Iryna Vysochyn, Victor Adamenko
In the conditions of the war and the post-war Urainian economic recovery, human capital is one of the determining factors of the state’s existence and ensuring its competitiveness. The loss of human capital has caused a shortage of labor resources in various sectors of the economy, which affects the possibilities of gene­rating income and, as a result, financial results of economic entities. One of the largest components of the Ukrainian economy, which fills the budgets of all levels and creates jobs, is retail trade, which accounts for a significant share of employees among all types of economic activity. The dependence of the revenue amount from the sale of products (goods, services) on the amount of use of economic resources, including labor resources, is widely known. In view of the need for post-war reconstruction against the background of a shortage of labor resources, the aim was set to verify the truth of the principles of the relationship between the scope of activities and the amount of resources used, formulated back in the days of neoclassical economics. Verification of the truth of the formulated hypotheses was carried out on the basis of the use of correlation methods and regression analysis. According to the calculation results, it was not possible to fully illustrate the direct proportional dependence of revenue on the average number of employees for the formed sample of retail trade enterprises. There is also a lack of direct relationship between revenue and labor productivity for both larger and smaller retail enterprises. Further research will be aimed at substantiating other samples of Ukrainian retail trade enterprises and finding interdependencies between their scope of acti­vity and the amount of economic resources involved in the conditions of war and post-war recovery.
在战争和战后乌克兰经济复苏的条件下,人力资本是国家生存和确保国家竞争力的决定性因素之一。人力资本的流失造成了各经济部门劳动力资源的短缺,影响了创收的可能性,进而影响了经济实体的财务成果。乌克兰经济最大的组成部分之一是零售业,它为各级预算提供资金并创造就业机会,在各类经济活动中占很大的从业人员比例。众所周知,产品(商品、服务)销售收入取决于经济资源(包括劳动力资源)的使用量。鉴于在劳动力资源短缺的背景下进行战后重建的需要,我们的目标是验证早在新古典经济学时代就提出的活动范围与资源使用量之间关系的原则的真理性。在使用相关方法和回归分析的基础上,对所提出假设的真实性进行了验证。根据计算结果,在零售贸易企业的样本中,无法充分说明收入与员工平均人数之间的直接比例关系。大型和小型零售企业的收入与劳动生产率之间也缺乏直接关系。进一步研究的目的是证实乌克兰零售贸易企业的其他样本,并发现其活动范围与战争和战后恢复条件下所涉经济资源数量之间的相互依存关系。
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引用次数: 0
Influence marketing in social media 社交媒体中的影响力营销
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)07
Marianna Konopliannykova
This article aims to comprehensively explo­re the evolving landscape of influence mar­keting, specifically focusing on its impact on brand perception and consumer engagement. Delving into influencer characteristics, the evolution of marketing strategies, and successful campaigns, the study seeks to illuminate the multifaceted dynamics that contribute to the effectiveness of influence marketing in the digital era. The analysis reveals that influence mar­keting serves as a cornerstone for building authentic connections in an era marked by digital saturation. Insights into emerging trends, such as the rise of nano-influencers and purpose-driven collaborations, underscore the pivotal role influencers play in shaping brand narratives. Innovations like virtual reality integ­ration further highlight the dynamic nature of influence marketing. The emphasis on long-form storytelling, sustainability, and genuine enga­gement reinforces the enduring importance of influencers as cultural mediators and trusted conduits between brands and consumers. The scientific novelty lies in a nuanced exploration of influence marketing, transcending traditional promotional strategies. The study delves into the psychological impact of influencer endorse­ments, the effectiveness of specific content formats, and ethical considerations surrounding virtual influencers. By addressing these dime­nsions, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of influence marketing dyna­mics, providing valuable insights for resear­chers and industry professionals alike. The prac­tical value of this research is two-fold. Firstly, it offers marketers actionable insights into navigating challenges, adapting to emer­ging trends, and refining influencer strategies. Secondly, the exploration of ethical considerations and the impact of technologies in influence marketing equips industry profess­sionals with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions, fostering responsible and effective influencer campaigns. This article encourages continuous inquiry, ensu­ring that influence marketing remains not only a dynamic force in the digital landscape but also an ethically grounded and impactful strategy for building brand connections
本文旨在全面探讨影响力营销不断演变的格局,特别关注其对品牌认知和消费者参与的影响。本研究深入探讨了影响力营销者的特征、营销策略的演变以及成功的营销活动,旨在阐明数字时代影响营销有效性的多方面动力。分析表明,在数字饱和的时代,影响力营销是建立真实联系的基石。对新兴趋势的洞察,如纳米影响者和目的驱动型合作的崛起,强调了影响者在塑造品牌叙事方面发挥的关键作用。虚拟现实整合等创新进一步凸显了影响力营销的动态本质。对长篇故事、可持续性和真正参与的强调,强化了影响力营销者作为文化中介和品牌与消费者之间可信渠道的持久重要性。科学的新颖性在于对影响力营销进行了细致入微的探索,超越了传统的促销策略。该研究深入探讨了影响者代言的心理影响、特定内容形式的有效性以及围绕虚拟影响者的道德考量。通过探讨这些方面,研究有助于加深对影响力营销动态的理解,为研究人员和业内专业人士提供有价值的见解。这项研究具有双重实用价值。首先,它为营销人员应对挑战、适应新兴趋势和完善影响力战略提供了可行的见解。其次,对影响营销中的道德考虑因素和技术影响的探讨,为行业专业人士提供了做出明智决策所需的知识,促进了负责任和有效的影响营销活动。这篇文章鼓励人们不断探索,确保影响力营销不仅是数字领域的一支生力军,也是建立品牌联系的一种有道德基础和影响力的战略。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualization of system management of e-commerce enterprises 电子商务企业系统管理的概念化
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)05
O. Tsilvik
The modern information stage of business development is characterized by digitalization of all processes, primarily commodity and money exchange. This reinforces the trend of dynamic growth in the number of electronic commerce (EC) enterprises, which is naturally accom­panied by an increase in the volume of turnover, intensifying market competition between manu­facturers, sup­pliers and sellers, expansion and improvement of product offers, implement­tation of artificial intelligence technologies in these processes. There is an objective need for a flexible and adaptive response of the corporate management of EC enterprises to permanent market changes in order to strengthen their own competitive advantages, as well as to develop a theoretical model of effective system manage­ment of an enterprise operating in such conditions. Such a model should be based on fundamentally new approaches to the system management of EC enterprises. Ukraine’s par­tici­pation in the formation of the global information society requires the development of the domestic EC segment, which involves the improvement of business processes in produc­tion and trade, the expansion of sales channels, the transformation of the labor market and the human capital mana­gement system. Such a necessity is intensified against the background of Russia’s war against Ukraine. Despite the economic crisis caused by the war, the improve­ment of management approaches by EC enterprises should increase the efficiency of their business processes and lead to an increase in the competitiveness of the domestic economy. The aim of the article is to develop the conceptual foundations of system management of e-commerce enterprises. Based on the methods of scientific analysis and synthesis, the essence of e-commerce, e-commerce enterprise is determined and the classic McKensey 7S mo­del is developed in the case of system manage­ment of an e-commerce enterprise. Internal and external determinants of system management of EC enterprises are highlighted. The develop­ment of the classic McKensey 7S model and the analysis of the system management determinants of EC enterprises made it possible to concept­tualize it and reveal the need for a scientific rethinking of management approa­ches at the level of domestic enterprises. This will contri­bute to the leveling of barriers to the effective introduction of new management approaches into management practice.
现代商业发展的信息阶段的特点是所有过程的数字化,主要是商品和货币交换。这加强了电子商务(EC)企业数量的动态增长趋势,自然伴随着营业额的增加,制造商、供应商和销售商之间市场竞争的加剧,产品供应的扩大和改进,人工智能技术在这些过程中的应用。为了加强自身的竞争优势,欧共体企业的企业管理部门客观上需要对长期的市场变化做出灵活和适应性的反应,同时也需要为在这种条件下运营的企业制定一个有效的系统管理理论模型。这种模式应以欧共体企业系统管理的全新方法为基础。乌克兰要参与全球信息社会的形成,就必须发展国内的欧洲经济部门,其中包括改进生产和贸易的业务流程、扩大销售渠道、改造劳动力市场和人力资本管理系统。在俄罗斯对乌克兰发动战争的背景下,这种必要性更加突出。尽管战争造成了经济危机,但欧共体企业对管理方法的改进应能提高其业务流程的效率并增强国内经济的竞争力。本文旨在发展电子商务企业系统管理的概念基础。基于科学分析和综合的方法,确定了电子商务、电子商务企业的本质,并以电子商务企业的系统管理为例,发展了经典的麦肯锡 7S 模型。强调了电子商务企业系统管理的内部和外部决定因素。对经典的麦肯锡 7S 模型的发展和对电子商务企业系统管理决定因素的分析使其概念化成为可能,并揭示了在国内企业层面对管理方法进行科学反思的必要性。这将有助于消除在管理实践中有效引入新管理方法的障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Fiscal dominants of military financing 军事经费的财政支配
Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(154)02
M. Pasichnyi
Long-term military aggression has required updating approaches to budget revenue forma­tion to increase the fiscal effectiveness of taxes and ensure budget sustainability. The article is aimed to substantiate the main priorities for boosting the efficiency of the central budget revenue formation system in combating full-scale military aggression, which involves compliance with the principle of fiscal suffi­ciency in financing defense and security needs and fostering economic recovery. Syste­matic and logical approaches were used in the article. Various methods were applied, including gene­ralization, comparison, analysis and syn­the­sis, scientific abstraction and expert eva­luations. The USA’s experience in the field of budget revenues formation during wars shows that the authorities tried to design the taxpayer’s trust and ensure a fair cost for conducting a war for every citizen. The classic measures were increased tax rates on income and profits, and the active sale of government bonds. Great Britain has applied identical measures. The budget revenues formation policy has demon­strated significant changes since the full-scale invasion. The percentage of GDP redistribution through the central budget revenues in 2023 equaled 41.76%. The main features of tax revenues shaping (into a central budget) in 2022–2023 have been identified. Priority measures to raise the fiscal significance of tax revenues have been substantiated. This concerns the decrease of the shadow part of the gambling business; the excise goods markets; and labor incomes. In addition, the prerequisites for introducing a progressive personal income tax scheme have been determined.
长期的军事侵略要求更新预算收入形成方法,以提高税收的财政效力并确保预算的可持续性。本文旨在论证在打击全面军事侵略的过程中,提高中央预算收入形成系统效率的主要优先事项,其中涉及遵守财政充足原则,为国防和安全需求提供资金,并促进经济复苏。文章采用了系统和逻辑方法。文章采用了多种方法,包括概括、比较、分析和综合、科学抽象和专家评价。美国在战争期间预算收入形成方面的经验表明,当局试图设计纳税人的信任,确保每个公民都能公平地承担战争费用。典型的措施是提高收入和利润税率,以及积极出售政府债券。英国也采取了相同的措施。自全面入侵以来,预算收入形成政策发生了重大变化。2023 年,通过中央预算收入进行再分配的 GDP 比例为 41.76%。确定了 2022-2023 年税收收入形成(纳入中央预算)的主要特点。提高税收收入财政重要性的优先措施已得到证实。这涉及减少赌博业的影子部分、消费商品市场和劳动收入。此外,还确定了引入累进个人所得税计划的前提条件。
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引用次数: 0
Search engine marketing in creating website user impressions 搜索引擎营销在创造网站用户印象方面的作用
Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.31617/1.2024(153)03
T. Iankovets
Increased competition in the digital environment leads to the search for effective tools to attract targeted traffic to websites. Search engine marketing (SEM), which includes search engine (contextual) advertising (SEA) and search engine optimization (SEO), allows toachieve this aim by means of technical settings and consideration of marketing aspects in creating user impressions. The effectiveness of search engine marketing is tested in practice with the help of web analytics, which allows real-time tracking of traffic, its sources, and user actions, which helps identify the most effective tools and advertising campaigns. In the context of the emerging impression economy, improving the user experience of potential and existing customers at every touchpoint depends on the speed and convenience of achieving user goals in the digital environment. Search engine marketing is based on users’ search queries in the face of actualized demand. Therefore, websites that are quickly accessible in search and contain a value proposition in accordance with the search queries of potential customers will be convenient for users, have a competitive advantage by providing positive impressions based on an improved customer experience. This approach ensures that the interests of both users and businesses are satisfied, thus achieving the goals of digital marketing and business efficiency in general. The aim of the recearh is to substantiate the relationship between search contextual advertising and search engine optimization as search engine marketing tools and to identify their synergistic impact on creating positive user impressions, increasing targeted traffic and increasing website conversion. In the reseach, the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, system-structural analysis, comparison, systematic, logical generalization were used. Based on the semantic mechanism of working with search queries, the article substantiates the relationship between search engine advertising and search engine optimization as search engine marketing tools and reveals their synergistic impact on creating positive user impressions, increasing targeted traffic and increasing website conver­sion. The proposed algorithms for search engine advertising and internal search engine optimi­zation, taking into account the technical and marketing aspects of the implementation of these digital marketing tools, help in this regard.
数字环境中日益激烈的竞争促使人们寻找有效的工具,为网站吸引目标流量。搜索引擎营销(SEM),包括搜索引擎(上下文)广告(SEA)和搜索引擎优化(SEO),可以通过技术设置和在创建用户印象时考虑营销方面的因素来实现这一目标。搜索引擎营销的有效性在实践中通过网络分析进行检验,网络分析可以实时跟踪流量、流量来源和用户行为,有助于确定最有效的工具和广告活动。在新兴的印象经济背景下,改善潜在客户和现有客户在每个接触点的用户体验,取决于在数字环境中实现用户目标的速度和便利性。搜索引擎营销的基础是用户在实际需求面前的搜索查询。因此,在搜索中能够快速访问并包含符合潜在客户搜索查询的价值主张的网站,将为用户提供便利,并在改善客户体验的基础上提供正面印象,从而拥有竞争优势。这种方法可确保满足用户和企业双方的利益,从而实现数字营销目标和总体业务效率。本研究的目的是证实作为搜索引擎营销工具的搜索情境广告和搜索引擎优化之间的关系,并确定它们在创造积极的用户印象、增加目标流量和提高网站转化率方面的协同影响。研究中采用了分析与综合、系统结构分析、比较、系统、逻辑概括等一般科学方法。文章基于搜索查询的语义工作机制,证实了搜索引擎广告和搜索引擎优化作为搜索引擎营销工具之间的关系,并揭示了它们在创造正面用户印象、增加目标流量和提高网站转化率方面的协同影响。考虑到实施这些数字营销工具的技术和营销方面,为搜索引擎广告和内部搜索引擎优化提出的算法有助于这方面的工作。
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引用次数: 0
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SCIENTIA FRUCTUOSA
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