Nana Zhang, Long Li, Jun Li, Gang Jiang, Yujun Ma, Yuejing Ge
A 6.9 magnitude earthquake hit Menyuan County, Haibei Prefecture, Qinghai Province, at 01:45 PM Beijing time on January 8, 2022 (17:45 PM GMT time on January 7, 2022). To explore the magnitude of the earthquake deformation and the affected area, this work combined optical remote sensing interpretation, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coseismic deformation extraction, and field surveys for research and analysis. Relying on the high-resolution Earth observation system of the Qinghai Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, high-resolution GF1D, GF2, and TRIPLESAT optical remote sensing images were acquired immediately after the earthquake. The airborne triangulation encryption method was used to carry out orthographic correction, fusion, and mosaic processing of digital orthophoto map (DOM) and digital surface model (DSM) images, and first-hand optical remote sensing images of the disaster areas were obtained. Based on differential InSAR (D-InSAR), small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) and lifting rail fusion methods, the coseismic deformation field and deformation rate of the lifting rail direction were obtained by using Sentinel-1A data processing before and after the earthquake. Combined with optical interpretation, InSAR deformation, and field investigation, the results show that the deformation trend of the line of sight (LOS) images to the north and south of the ascending and descending orbits show an obvious opposite trend. The surface shape variables are −50 to 45 cm and −65 to 72 cm, respectively, and the deformation rate before the earthquake reached 25 cm/year. The deformation field characteristics show that the earthquake was mainly due to thrust, and the coseismic deformation field fractured along the WNW‒ESE direction with a length of approximately 33 km. The areas affected by 10 mm, 20 cm, and 50 cm deformation magnitudes in the whole earthquake area were 975.14, 321.10, and 38.55 km2, respectively. Within 20 km, there were two main affected townships, namely, Sujitan Township and Huangcheng Mongolian Township. Within 50 km, there were four main affected towns and townships, namely, Sujitan Township, Mongolian Township of the Imperial city, Qingshizui town, and Haomen town.
{"title":"Multisource remote sensing image fusion processing in plateau seismic region feature information extraction and application analysis – An example of the Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake on January 8, 2022","authors":"Nana Zhang, Long Li, Jun Li, Gang Jiang, Yujun Ma, Yuejing Ge","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0599","url":null,"abstract":"A 6.9 magnitude earthquake hit Menyuan County, Haibei Prefecture, Qinghai Province, at 01:45 PM Beijing time on January 8, 2022 (17:45 PM GMT time on January 7, 2022). To explore the magnitude of the earthquake deformation and the affected area, this work combined optical remote sensing interpretation, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coseismic deformation extraction, and field surveys for research and analysis. Relying on the high-resolution Earth observation system of the Qinghai Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, high-resolution GF1D, GF2, and TRIPLESAT optical remote sensing images were acquired immediately after the earthquake. The airborne triangulation encryption method was used to carry out orthographic correction, fusion, and mosaic processing of digital orthophoto map (DOM) and digital surface model (DSM) images, and first-hand optical remote sensing images of the disaster areas were obtained. Based on differential InSAR (D-InSAR), small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) and lifting rail fusion methods, the coseismic deformation field and deformation rate of the lifting rail direction were obtained by using Sentinel-1A data processing before and after the earthquake. Combined with optical interpretation, InSAR deformation, and field investigation, the results show that the deformation trend of the line of sight (LOS) images to the north and south of the ascending and descending orbits show an obvious opposite trend. The surface shape variables are −50 to 45 cm and −65 to 72 cm, respectively, and the deformation rate before the earthquake reached 25 cm/year. The deformation field characteristics show that the earthquake was mainly due to thrust, and the coseismic deformation field fractured along the WNW‒ESE direction with a length of approximately 33 km. The areas affected by 10 mm, 20 cm, and 50 cm deformation magnitudes in the whole earthquake area were 975.14, 321.10, and 38.55 km<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, respectively. Within 20 km, there were two main affected townships, namely, Sujitan Township and Huangcheng Mongolian Township. Within 50 km, there were four main affected towns and townships, namely, Sujitan Township, Mongolian Township of the Imperial city, Qingshizui town, and Haomen town.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139760212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nenad Komazec, Svetislav Šoškić, Aleksandar Milić, Katarina Štrbac, Aleksandar Valjarević
The Danube has a length of 588 km in the Republic of Serbia. The water transport on this river is underused. The hazardous events have a great impact on the traffic on this river, and the understanding of these events is of great importance. This study focuses on hazardous events on the Danube with the main focus on the port of Novi. The hazardous events used in this study are extreme air temperatures, devastating winds, drought, and heavy precipitation. The hazardous events were represented using geographic information systems (GIS), geostatistics, and numerical methods. The potential of the river transport network and the port capacity were analyzed and compared with the hazardous events of the last 30 years. The results showed that three areas of the port are of great importance for port security, and two areas are extremely affected by hazardous events. The distance of the port of Novi Sad from heavy precipitation events is 6.8 km in the southwestern direction. The periods of extremely low precipitation (climatic drought) were in 1994, 2008, 2012, 2015, 2019, and 2021. Extreme average maximum temperatures were in 1995, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2015, and 2019. On the other hand, minimum average temperatures were in 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2017, and 2018, and the strongest winds were in 1995, 1998, 2003, 2009, 2012, and 2014. The methods and techniques of GIS, used in this research, have confirmed new potential geographical positions of the port that can be better adapted to future climate changes. Another main objective of this research is to recommend better spatial planning and construction of new green corridors.
{"title":"Water transportation planning in connection with extreme weather conditions; case study – Port of Novi Sad, Serbia","authors":"Nenad Komazec, Svetislav Šoškić, Aleksandar Milić, Katarina Štrbac, Aleksandar Valjarević","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0559","url":null,"abstract":"The Danube has a length of 588 km in the Republic of Serbia. The water transport on this river is underused. The hazardous events have a great impact on the traffic on this river, and the understanding of these events is of great importance. This study focuses on hazardous events on the Danube with the main focus on the port of Novi. The hazardous events used in this study are extreme air temperatures, devastating winds, drought, and heavy precipitation. The hazardous events were represented using geographic information systems (GIS), geostatistics, and numerical methods. The potential of the river transport network and the port capacity were analyzed and compared with the hazardous events of the last 30 years. The results showed that three areas of the port are of great importance for port security, and two areas are extremely affected by hazardous events. The distance of the port of Novi Sad from heavy precipitation events is 6.8 km in the southwestern direction. The periods of extremely low precipitation (climatic drought) were in 1994, 2008, 2012, 2015, 2019, and 2021. Extreme average maximum temperatures were in 1995, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2015, and 2019. On the other hand, minimum average temperatures were in 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2017, and 2018, and the strongest winds were in 1995, 1998, 2003, 2009, 2012, and 2014. The methods and techniques of GIS, used in this research, have confirmed new potential geographical positions of the port that can be better adapted to future climate changes. Another main objective of this research is to recommend better spatial planning and construction of new green corridors.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"296 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139647524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil is an important carbon reservoir, and high-standard farmland construction projects have significant potential to promote low-carbon development. In order to study the management and implementation of low-carbon production in high-standard farmland construction projects, the tripartite evolution game model of government, business, and consumer is constructed based on the tripartite bounded rationality. Then, the behavior strategy of tripartite stakeholders is analyzed with the method of system dynamics. Finally, the evolution process of tripartite interaction behavior is simulated using the MATLAB tool. The results show that: (1) The subsidy and punishment mechanism of the government must be aligned. In addition, the net income of government regulation is higher than the sum of the government’s environmental governance fees and fines of non-regulation; (2) The government, business, and consumers all choose their own behavioral strategies based on their own interests. (3) When the government’s environmental governance fee reaches a particular value, the system will appear imbalanced. In light of this, it is suggested that the government should increase support for business and use media publicity, consumer subsidies, and other measures to promote the consumption of low-carbon products. The business should constantly reduce the cost of carbon emission reduction through technological innovation.
{"title":"Evolutionary game analysis of government, businesses, and consumers in high-standard farmland low-carbon construction","authors":"Yuting Dai, Jinbao Liu, Yichun Du","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0593","url":null,"abstract":"Soil is an important carbon reservoir, and high-standard farmland construction projects have significant potential to promote low-carbon development. In order to study the management and implementation of low-carbon production in high-standard farmland construction projects, the tripartite evolution game model of government, business, and consumer is constructed based on the tripartite bounded rationality. Then, the behavior strategy of tripartite stakeholders is analyzed with the method of system dynamics. Finally, the evolution process of tripartite interaction behavior is simulated using the MATLAB tool. The results show that: (1) The subsidy and punishment mechanism of the government must be aligned. In addition, the net income of government regulation is higher than the sum of the government’s environmental governance fees and fines of non-regulation; (2) The government, business, and consumers all choose their own behavioral strategies based on their own interests. (3) When the government’s environmental governance fee reaches a particular value, the system will appear imbalanced. In light of this, it is suggested that the government should increase support for business and use media publicity, consumer subsidies, and other measures to promote the consumption of low-carbon products. The business should constantly reduce the cost of carbon emission reduction through technological innovation.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"2019 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awali Priyono, Rexha Verdhora Ry, Andri Dian Nugraha, Aditya Lesmana, Billy S. Prabowo, Yayan M. Husni, A. Ardianto, Nyoman Witarsa, Buyung I. Sutan
Low-frequency passive seismic (LFPS), discussed in recent years, has emphasized a strong correlation between the spectral properties and the presence of hydrocarbon reservoirs. While the theoretical background supporting this phenomenon is still debated, its application has been popular in Indonesia and exposes broad possibilities for exploration. In this study, we conducted a survey at an oil field in Central Java, Indonesia, investigating the case of using this technique as a direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI). In spatial and temporal measurements, we examined the hydrocarbon-related energy above the reservoir boundary based on several attributes of passive seismic recordings: polarization, power spectral density (PSD), and vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratio (VHSR). We address some issues: (1) the anomalies are not always vertically polarized, so the use of VHSR is unlikely to be reliable; and (2) the anomalies are getting amplified during days, so in anomalies mapping, normalizing the amplification requires calibration. Regardless, LFPS is still applicable in quantifying hydrocarbon-related energy. We recommend using PSD as a primary spectral attribute for DHI. In addition, it is also critical to synchronize the measurements at different sites to obtain an unbiased quantification of hydrocarbon-related energy.
{"title":"On the use of low-frequency passive seismic as a direct hydrocarbon indicator: A case study at Banyubang oil field, Indonesia","authors":"Awali Priyono, Rexha Verdhora Ry, Andri Dian Nugraha, Aditya Lesmana, Billy S. Prabowo, Yayan M. Husni, A. Ardianto, Nyoman Witarsa, Buyung I. Sutan","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0587","url":null,"abstract":"Low-frequency passive seismic (LFPS), discussed in recent years, has emphasized a strong correlation between the spectral properties and the presence of hydrocarbon reservoirs. While the theoretical background supporting this phenomenon is still debated, its application has been popular in Indonesia and exposes broad possibilities for exploration. In this study, we conducted a survey at an oil field in Central Java, Indonesia, investigating the case of using this technique as a direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI). In spatial and temporal measurements, we examined the hydrocarbon-related energy above the reservoir boundary based on several attributes of passive seismic recordings: polarization, power spectral density (PSD), and vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratio (VHSR). We address some issues: (1) the anomalies are not always vertically polarized, so the use of VHSR is unlikely to be reliable; and (2) the anomalies are getting amplified during days, so in anomalies mapping, normalizing the amplification requires calibration. Regardless, LFPS is still applicable in quantifying hydrocarbon-related energy. We recommend using PSD as a primary spectral attribute for DHI. In addition, it is also critical to synchronize the measurements at different sites to obtain an unbiased quantification of hydrocarbon-related energy.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on MODIS data from 2010 to 2020 and precipitation, air temperature, and soil moisture data of 33 meteorological stations in Jinsha River Basin from 1990 to 2020, the applicability of different remote sensing drought indexes in Jinsha River Basin was studied. These indexes include temperature condition index (TCI) and temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI), the results of vegetation condition index (VCI), vegetation supply water index (VSWI), standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and standardized precipitation index (SPI) showed that TCI and TVDI, VSWI and TCI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, SPEI and SPI, respectively. The correlation between VSWI and VCI was significant. VCI had the lowest correlation with SPEI and SPI. The average correlation coefficient between TCI and VSWI was similar. The correlation between VSWI, SPEI, and SPI was low in January, March, and October and reached significant or above levels in other months. TVDI had the highest correlation with SPEI and SPI. TVDI was significantly correlated with soil moisture every month of the year, indicating that TVDI can be effectively used for remote sensing drought monitoring in Jinsha River Basin and has strong adaptability. According to the temporal and spatial analysis of drought monitoring in the Jinsha River Basin by TVDI, the drought areas in December and January are mainly located in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River Basin, while the light drought areas are mainly located in the upper and lower reaches of the Jinsha River Basin. From March to June, the risk of severe drought increased in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River, and the moderate drought area in the Jinsha River Basin also increased. The drought from July to November was weaker than in the previous months. The moderate drought area is mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River, and the mild drought area is mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River Basin.
{"title":"The research of common drought indexes for the application to the drought monitoring in the region of Jin Sha river","authors":"Xingyu Zhou, Xinhui Xu","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0489","url":null,"abstract":"Based on MODIS data from 2010 to 2020 and precipitation, air temperature, and soil moisture data of 33 meteorological stations in Jinsha River Basin from 1990 to 2020, the applicability of different remote sensing drought indexes in Jinsha River Basin was studied. These indexes include temperature condition index (TCI) and temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI), the results of vegetation condition index (VCI), vegetation supply water index (VSWI), standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and standardized precipitation index (SPI) showed that TCI and TVDI, VSWI and TCI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, VSWI and TVDI, SPEI and SPI, respectively. The correlation between VSWI and VCI was significant. VCI had the lowest correlation with SPEI and SPI. The average correlation coefficient between TCI and VSWI was similar. The correlation between VSWI, SPEI, and SPI was low in January, March, and October and reached significant or above levels in other months. TVDI had the highest correlation with SPEI and SPI. TVDI was significantly correlated with soil moisture every month of the year, indicating that TVDI can be effectively used for remote sensing drought monitoring in Jinsha River Basin and has strong adaptability. According to the temporal and spatial analysis of drought monitoring in the Jinsha River Basin by TVDI, the drought areas in December and January are mainly located in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River Basin, while the light drought areas are mainly located in the upper and lower reaches of the Jinsha River Basin. From March to June, the risk of severe drought increased in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River, and the moderate drought area in the Jinsha River Basin also increased. The drought from July to November was weaker than in the previous months. The moderate drought area is mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River, and the mild drought area is mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River Basin.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongzhi Miao, Huifang Ming, Xuelu Xiao, Bolan Dai, Xiaowei Yang
The magnetotelluric (MT) responses are explicitly solved for a stratiform earth containing multiple transitional layers in which the conductivity varies linearly with depth. In the model under consideration, any one homogeneous layer with constant conductivity or transitional one may be absent in the geometry. The traditional one-dimensional (1D) models with sharp boundaries will be obtained if all the transitional layers are absent in the geometry, while a special 1D model consisting of a sequence of contiguous transitional layers may be obtained if all the homogeneous layers (except the basement layer) are removed from the geometry. The tangential electric and magnetic fields as well as the surface impedance are analytically expressed by Airy functions. The analytical formula is validated in three theoretical examples by comparing with the results from available codes. The apparent resistivity and impedance phase on the surface of three different transitional models are illustrated to analysis the influence of the transitional layers on MT responses. The new formula provides an alternative way to obtain the analytic MT responses for the special layered earth.
{"title":"Theoretical magnetotelluric response of stratiform earth consisting of alternative homogeneous and transitional layers","authors":"Hongzhi Miao, Huifang Ming, Xuelu Xiao, Bolan Dai, Xiaowei Yang","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0563","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetotelluric (MT) responses are explicitly solved for a stratiform earth containing multiple transitional layers in which the conductivity varies linearly with depth. In the model under consideration, any one homogeneous layer with constant conductivity or transitional one may be absent in the geometry. The traditional one-dimensional (1D) models with sharp boundaries will be obtained if all the transitional layers are absent in the geometry, while a special 1D model consisting of a sequence of contiguous transitional layers may be obtained if all the homogeneous layers (except the basement layer) are removed from the geometry. The tangential electric and magnetic fields as well as the surface impedance are analytically expressed by Airy functions. The analytical formula is validated in three theoretical examples by comparing with the results from available codes. The apparent resistivity and impedance phase on the surface of three different transitional models are illustrated to analysis the influence of the transitional layers on MT responses. The new formula provides an alternative way to obtain the analytic MT responses for the special layered earth.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139554699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Chaokui, Liu Mingxi, Guo Ruirong, Zhao Yanan, Yang Wentao, Zhang Xinchang
The geological data of the mineral resource potential evaluation results (MRPERs) are diverse and extremely large; efficiently retrieving data remains a challenging problem. In this work, a new way of using the Hadoop platform is proposed. The Hadoop distributed file system is used to store the massive data and construct the data storage model of geological and mineral resources. Using a distributed Hadoop database (HBase) that supports the fast query of a single record, it manages its metadata and retrieves the data of MRPERs quickly. At the same time, a multi-level index directory is designed to support the non-main key query on the HBase. This overcomes the shortcoming that the HBase only supports the simple index based on the main key and realizes the intelligent, efficient retrieval of MRPERs. The validity and feasibility of the proposed method are further verified by experiments using the MRPER data in the Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.
{"title":"Introducing an intelligent multi-level retrieval method for mineral resource potential evaluation result data","authors":"Li Chaokui, Liu Mingxi, Guo Ruirong, Zhao Yanan, Yang Wentao, Zhang Xinchang","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0504","url":null,"abstract":"The geological data of the mineral resource potential evaluation results (MRPERs) are diverse and extremely large; efficiently retrieving data remains a challenging problem. In this work, a new way of using the Hadoop platform is proposed. The Hadoop distributed file system is used to store the massive data and construct the data storage model of geological and mineral resources. Using a distributed Hadoop database (HBase) that supports the fast query of a single record, it manages its metadata and retrieves the data of MRPERs quickly. At the same time, a multi-level index directory is designed to support the non-main key query on the HBase. This overcomes the shortcoming that the HBase only supports the simple index based on the main key and realizes the intelligent, efficient retrieval of MRPERs. The validity and feasibility of the proposed method are further verified by experiments using the MRPER data in the Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139374729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Underwater biological detection is of great significance to marine protection. However, the traditional target detection techniques have some challenges, such as insufficient feature extraction for small targets and low feature utilization rate. To address these challenges, an underwater biological detection model IG-YOLOv5 based on the idea of feature reuse is proposed. An Improved-Ghost module with feature reuse is designed. The module adds batch normalization operations to the identity mapping branch using the Add operation with feature fusion and the Sigmoid Linear Unit activation function with smoother zeros. The proposed model uses the Improved-Ghost module to reconstruct the CSPDarknet structure of YOLOv5, so as to realize the lightweight and accuracy improvement of the model. In addition, in order to solve the problem of target size and shape change in underwater environment, the optimized loss function is Wise-IoU v3, which is used to evaluate the accuracy and robustness of detection results. The results show that the IG-YOLOv5 model performs well in the 2021URPPC data set, with 0.5 mAP reaching 74.2, 4.3% higher than that of YOLOv5 model, and 2.7 less floating-point operations. In a word, IG-YOLOv5 model has high accuracy and robustness in underwater target detection, and Wise-IoU index can evaluate the quality of target detection results more accurately, which is suitable for underwater robots, underwater monitoring, and other fields and has a practical application value.
{"title":"IG-YOLOv5-based underwater biological recognition and detection for marine protection","authors":"Jialu Huo, Qing Jiang","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0590","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater biological detection is of great significance to marine protection. However, the traditional target detection techniques have some challenges, such as insufficient feature extraction for small targets and low feature utilization rate. To address these challenges, an underwater biological detection model IG-YOLOv5 based on the idea of feature reuse is proposed. An Improved-Ghost module with feature reuse is designed. The module adds batch normalization operations to the identity mapping branch using the Add operation with feature fusion and the Sigmoid Linear Unit activation function with smoother zeros. The proposed model uses the Improved-Ghost module to reconstruct the CSPDarknet structure of YOLOv5, so as to realize the lightweight and accuracy improvement of the model. In addition, in order to solve the problem of target size and shape change in underwater environment, the optimized loss function is Wise-IoU v3, which is used to evaluate the accuracy and robustness of detection results. The results show that the IG-YOLOv5 model performs well in the 2021URPPC data set, with 0.5 mAP reaching 74.2, 4.3% higher than that of YOLOv5 model, and 2.7 less floating-point operations. In a word, IG-YOLOv5 model has high accuracy and robustness in underwater target detection, and Wise-IoU index can evaluate the quality of target detection results more accurately, which is suitable for underwater robots, underwater monitoring, and other fields and has a practical application value.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139068971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marko Ivanović, Tin Lukić, Nikola Milentijević, Vojkan Bojović, Aleksandar Valjarević
Toplica district represents an area in Southern Serbia with significant forms of geoheritage that have not been valorized yet. The aim of this pioneering study is to systematically analyze and evaluate all manifestations of the geodiversity in the Toplica district. Based on the geological importance, degree of attractiveness, and size, a total of six geosites were selected. The main goal of the study is to emphasize the insufficient utilization of huge geotourism potentials of the Toplica district and to determine the current geotourism development and geotourism potential of evaluated geosites. The geotourism suitability of each geosite is defined through comparative analysis. The Geosite Assessment Model (GAM) is used to assess the current state of the various elements of geodiversity in the study area. Positioning within the GAM matrix is defined by the values of the investigated parameters. Visualization of the distribution of the GAM indicators is an innovative approach for the interpretation of the obtained results. As a projection of the geotourism potential, the study presents the results of the traffic accessibility of geosites using the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based isochronous method. GIS and Digital Terrain Models are used in the visualization of the research area. The results of GAM apostrophize the current tourist value of Devil’s City, while the isochron analysis of GIS highlights the great geotourism potential of publicly little-known and touristically unaffirmed geosites. The results represent a basis that can support the affirmation of geotourism, the improvement of existing, and the development of new geotourism strategies in the Toplica district.
{"title":"Assessment of geosites as a basis for geotourism development: A case study of the Toplica District, Serbia","authors":"Marko Ivanović, Tin Lukić, Nikola Milentijević, Vojkan Bojović, Aleksandar Valjarević","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0589","url":null,"abstract":"Toplica district represents an area in Southern Serbia with significant forms of geoheritage that have not been valorized yet. The aim of this pioneering study is to systematically analyze and evaluate all manifestations of the geodiversity in the Toplica district. Based on the geological importance, degree of attractiveness, and size, a total of six geosites were selected. The main goal of the study is to emphasize the insufficient utilization of huge geotourism potentials of the Toplica district and to determine the current geotourism development and geotourism potential of evaluated geosites. The geotourism suitability of each geosite is defined through comparative analysis. The Geosite Assessment Model (GAM) is used to assess the current state of the various elements of geodiversity in the study area. Positioning within the GAM matrix is defined by the values of the investigated parameters. Visualization of the distribution of the GAM indicators is an innovative approach for the interpretation of the obtained results. As a projection of the geotourism potential, the study presents the results of the traffic accessibility of geosites using the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based isochronous method. GIS and Digital Terrain Models are used in the visualization of the research area. The results of GAM apostrophize the current tourist value of Devil’s City, while the isochron analysis of GIS highlights the great geotourism potential of publicly little-known and touristically unaffirmed geosites. The results represent a basis that can support the affirmation of geotourism, the improvement of existing, and the development of new geotourism strategies in the Toplica district.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139069386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fitim Humolli, Cezar Morar, Ferat Krasniqi, Shpejtim Bulliqi
The plant and animal wealth of a place, region, or state represents a significant component of the geographic-natural tourist offer. Tourist routes are concentrated specifically on areas with a variety of plants, rich vegetation, and diverse animal world. The Balkan Peninsula in general, and Kosovo in particular, is characterized by high geodiversity and biodiversity value. This feature can serve as an important recreational and tourism potential for Kosovo and, consequently, in sustainable tourism development. For this reason, this article deals with the content of natural diversity, the size and time of introduction of geo and biodiversity values under protection, and, above all, it brings arguments if the same contributed to the increase of tourist motivation for local and foreign tourists. Results were achieved using both quantitative and qualitative methods, with the latter being more effective in the lack of the formal system of data collection and tourism management in Kosovo. According to official statistics, protected areas (PAs) of Kosovo occupy roughly 12% of the total area (2021). There was a significant rise (8%), from 4.26 to 12.25% in 2003 in the last 20 years (2021). The study shows that this desirable level of representation did not attract enough tourists. Furthermore, it is argued that immediate reformation of policies is required for the management of natural diversity values of the country. In order to achieve this, the government must implement more comprehensive measures in order to manage PAs more intricately, where the interaction with tourism is a key issue and not just a simple one, as it has been up until now.
{"title":"The interrelation of natural diversity with tourism in Kosovo","authors":"Fitim Humolli, Cezar Morar, Ferat Krasniqi, Shpejtim Bulliqi","doi":"10.1515/geo-2022-0579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0579","url":null,"abstract":"The plant and animal wealth of a place, region, or state represents a significant component of the geographic-natural tourist offer. Tourist routes are concentrated specifically on areas with a variety of plants, rich vegetation, and diverse animal world. The Balkan Peninsula in general, and Kosovo in particular, is characterized by high geodiversity and biodiversity value. This feature can serve as an important recreational and tourism potential for Kosovo and, consequently, in sustainable tourism development. For this reason, this article deals with the content of natural diversity, the size and time of introduction of geo and biodiversity values under protection, and, above all, it brings arguments if the same contributed to the increase of tourist motivation for local and foreign tourists. Results were achieved using both quantitative and qualitative methods, with the latter being more effective in the lack of the formal system of data collection and tourism management in Kosovo. According to official statistics, protected areas (PAs) of Kosovo occupy roughly 12% of the total area (2021). There was a significant rise (8%), from 4.26 to 12.25% in 2003 in the last 20 years (2021). The study shows that this desirable level of representation did not attract enough tourists. Furthermore, it is argued that immediate reformation of policies is required for the management of natural diversity values of the country. In order to achieve this, the government must implement more comprehensive measures in order to manage PAs more intricately, where the interaction with tourism is a key issue and not just a simple one, as it has been up until now.","PeriodicalId":48712,"journal":{"name":"Open Geosciences","volume":"221 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139068820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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