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Review of particle- and fiber-reinforced metakaolin-based geopolymer composites 颗粒增强和纤维增强偏高岭土基复合材料的研究进展
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2017-00048
R. A. S. Ribeiro, M. S. Ribeiro, W. Kriven
Research on reinforced metakaolin-based geopolymers for structural applications is reviewed. Geopolymers have been synthesized using metakaolin produced from kaolinite extracted from several regional soils. Kaolin is converted into metakaolin by calcination from 650 °C up to 800 °C. To obtain higher strength and stiffness, the geopolymer matrix is reinforced with particles and fibers. In addition, synthetic and natural particles and fibers have been used to enhance durability, thermal properties and shrinkage ratio of lighter geopolymer composites. Owing to the unavailability of a standard for processing and testing geopolymer composites, different laboratories use differing procedures, making data comparison very difficult. The promising market of geopolymer composites for the sustainable construction industry would benefit from a uniform standard for laboratory processing and testing. This would contribute to the creation of a large and reliable data bank, and facilitate the manufacture and certification of geopolymeric sustainable construction materials.
综述了结构用偏高岭土基增强地聚合物的研究进展。利用从一些地区土壤中提取的高岭土生产的偏高岭土合成了地聚合物。高岭土在650°C至800°C煅烧后转化为偏高岭土。为了获得更高的强度和刚度,地聚合物基体用颗粒和纤维增强。此外,合成和天然颗粒和纤维已被用于提高轻质地聚合物复合材料的耐久性、热性能和收缩率。由于没有加工和测试地聚合物复合材料的标准,不同的实验室使用不同的程序,使得数据比较非常困难。一个统一的实验室加工和测试标准将有利于可持续建筑行业地聚合物复合材料的前景广阔的市场。这将有助于建立一个庞大而可靠的数据库,并促进地聚合物可持续建筑材料的制造和核证。
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引用次数: 46
Extrusion Process for the Manufacture of Beta"-Alumina Solid Electrolyte Tubes 挤压法制备β "-氧化铝固体电解质管
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00060
Y. Hu, S. Heavens, J. Blackburn, S. Blackburn
For future stationary energy storage requirements, sodium batteries are potentially suitable candidates owing to their high energy density, proven reliability, high faradaic efficiency and the use of abundant low-cost raw materials. Tubular battery designs require a thin-walled solid electrolyte tube, usually formed from ion-conductive beta′′-alumina ceramic. State-of-the-art manufacturing methods, namely isostatic pressing and electrophoretic deposition, contribute a significant proportion of battery cost, and it is desirable to identify a high-volume low-cost process for the ceramic. Extrusion offers the potential for a rapid low-cost, high-volume production process but requires special development for adaptation to the demands of solid electrolyte production. This paper summarizes recent trials on extrusion as a process for producing beta′′-alumina ceramic electrolyte tubes.
对于未来的固定能量存储需求,钠电池由于其高能量密度、可靠、高法拉第效率和大量低成本原材料的使用,可能是合适的候选者。管状电池设计需要薄壁固体电解质管,通常由离子导电β " -氧化铝陶瓷形成。最先进的制造方法,即等静压和电泳沉积,在电池成本中占很大比例,因此需要确定一种大批量低成本的陶瓷工艺。挤压为快速低成本、大批量生产提供了潜力,但需要特别发展以适应固体电解质生产的需求。本文综述了近年来用挤压法制备β -氧化铝陶瓷电解质管的试验情况。
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引用次数: 2
Spray freeze granulation of submicrometre alpha-alumina using ultrasonication 亚微米α -氧化铝超声喷雾冷冻造粒
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00078
S. Ghanizadeh, P. Ramanujam, B. Vaidhyanathan, J. Binner
Granulation is a key factor towards improvement of the flowability of fine ceramic powders to make them suitable for industrial dry pressing. Controlled granulation of fine alumina particles with a primary particle size of ∼ 150 nm was carried out using spray-freeze drying, which led to the production of flowable granules with high crushability. The fracture surface of uniaxially die-pressed green bodies made from granules with density values of ≥ 50%of theoretical showed a uniform microstructure. Sintering experiments were performed using conventional single- and two-stage radiant heating methods followed by density and grain size measurement and characterisation of the final dense compacts to study the efficiency of two-stage sintering in grain growth elimination. The results have been compared with those of alumina bodies prepared using similar suspension by the slip-casting route.
造粒是改善陶瓷细粉流动性,使其适合工业干压的关键因素。采用喷雾冷冻干燥技术对初级粒径为~ 150 nm的细氧化铝颗粒进行了控制造粒,从而生产出具有高破碎性的可流动颗粒。由密度≥理论50%的颗粒组成的单轴模压绿体断口表面呈现均匀的微观组织。采用传统的单段和双段辐射加热方法进行烧结实验,然后对最终致密压坯进行密度和晶粒尺寸测量和表征,以研究两段烧结在消除晶粒生长方面的效率。并与采用类似悬浮液的滑铸法制备的氧化铝体进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Electric-Field-Induced Phase Transition in Mn-Doped (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)NbO3 Lead-Free Ceramics mn掺杂(K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)NbO3无铅陶瓷的电场诱导相变
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00074
H. Mgbemere, G. Schneider, L. Schmitt, M. Hinterstein
In situ applied-electric-field high-resolution X-ray diffraction has been used to study the field-induced response of Mn-doped (K 0.48 Na 0.48 Li 0.04 )NbO 3 (KNN-L) ceramics produced using the conventional mixed-oxide processing route. Ferroelectric domains are observed with transmission electron microscopy with indications of nano-segrega-tion of Mn. Rietveld refinement (FULLPROF Suite) is used to refine the diffraction patterns, and a phase change from orthorhombic symmetry with space group A mm 2 to tetragonal symmetry with space group P4 mm is observed when the applied field exceeds 1.4 kV/mm. Phase coexistence between the two phases is also observed at applied fields between 1.2 kV/mm and 1.3 kV/mm with possible implications of being the coercive field E C value of the sample. A better understanding of the structural behaviour of this type of lead-free ceramics will lead to improvements in their piezoelectric and electromechanical properties.
采用原位施加电场高分辨率x射线衍射研究了采用常规混合氧化物工艺制备的mn掺杂(K 0.48 Na 0.48 Li 0.04) nbo3 (KNN-L)陶瓷的场致响应。铁电畴用透射电子显微镜观察到锰的纳米偏析迹象。利用Rietveld细化(FULLPROF Suite)技术对衍射图进行了细化,发现当外加电场超过1.4 kV/mm时,衍射图由空间群a mm 2的正交对称变为空间群P4 mm的四方对称。在1.2 kV/mm和1.3 kV/mm之间的电场中也观察到两相之间的相共存,这可能意味着样品的矫顽力场E - C值。更好地了解这种类型的无铅陶瓷的结构行为将导致其压电和机电性能的改善。
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引用次数: 1
Facile synthesis and characterization of Mn x Zn 1-x Fe 2 O 4 /activated carbon composites for biomedical applications 生物医学用Mn × zn1 × fe2o /活性炭复合材料的快速合成与表征
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00020
J. C. Rios-Hurtado, A. C. Martı́nez-Valdés, J. Méndez, J. C. Ballesteros-Pacheco, E. Muzquiz-Ramos
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引用次数: 5
Synthesis and Dielectric Properties of Thin-Layered (La,Nd)TiO 2 N Perovskites 薄层(La,Nd) tio2n钙钛矿的合成及其介电性能
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00022
J. Ahchawarattaworn, D. Thompson, F. Azough, R. Freer
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引用次数: 0
Superhydrophilic ceramic glazes for sanitaryware 卫生洁具用超亲水性陶瓷釉
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00024
F. Knies, K. Gajda-Schrantz, C. Aneziris, L. Gauckler, T. Graule
Based on industrial ZrSiO4 glazes for sanitaryware, a new glaze with photoactive oxides was developed. The development aimed to produce a glaze that is smooth in order to decrease contamination of the ware and increase superhydrophilic wetting behaviour for easier cleanability. The glazes were characterized with profilometry, atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction and scanning electronmicroscopy. For reactivity under UV light, the wetting angles in the dark and after irradiation, aswell as the degradationofmethylene blueweremeasured. SampleswithTiO2 showed no improvement in wetting, neither in the dark, nor under UV irradiation. However, compared with the industrial ZrSiO4 tile, the cleaning properties were improved in the case of bulk contaminants likemustard. Evenmore promising resultswere achieved by replacingZrSiO4withZnO.The glazes developed in thiswork showed surface roughness of less than 20 nm and superhydrophilic wetting under UV illumination.
在工业陶瓷用ZrSiO4釉的基础上,研制了一种新型光活性氧化物釉。该开发旨在生产光滑的釉,以减少对瓷器的污染,并增加超亲水润湿性能,从而更容易清洁。用轮廓术、原子力显微镜、x射线衍射和扫描电镜对釉料进行了表征。测定了紫外光下的反应性、暗中和辐照后的润湿角以及亚甲基蓝的降解情况。含有tio2的样品在黑暗和紫外线照射下都没有改善润湿。然而,与工业ZrSiO4瓷砖相比,在含有大量污染物(如芥末)的情况下,其清洁性能有所提高。用zno代替zrsio4获得了更有希望的结果。在紫外光照射下,该釉料表面粗糙度小于20 nm,具有超亲水润湿性。
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引用次数: 3
Estimation of Damage in Refractory Materials after Progressive Thermal Shocks with Resonant Frequency Damping Analysis 基于共振频率阻尼分析的连续热冲击后耐火材料损伤估计
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00080
Nicolas Traon, T. Tonnesen, R. Telle
This work correlates damping measurements and the microstructural changes in refractory castables after these have been exposed to thermal shocks in air. In accordance with DIN EN 993 – 11, refractory samples based on tabular alumina with the addition of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) were progressively subjected to thermal shocks in air at different temperatures (750, 850, 950 and 1050 °C). White fused alumina samples were also exposed to the same thermal shocks at 950 °C. Evaluation of the thermal shock damage to the high-alumina refractory castables was based on the dynamic Young‘s modulus and damping characterization data obtained by means of the impulse excitation technique (IET), in accordance with ASTM E1876 – 07. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed to enable understanding of the elastic changes in these refractory formulations. The results show that the damping increase in PSZ castables may be explained by crack nucleation and propagation while such phenomena do not occur in WFA castable.
这项工作将阻尼测量和耐火浇注料暴露于空气中的热冲击后的微观结构变化联系起来。根据DIN EN 993 - 11,基于片状氧化铝和添加部分稳定氧化锆(PSZ)的耐火材料样品在不同温度(750、850、950和1050℃)的空气中逐渐受到热冲击。白色刚玉样品也暴露在950°C的相同热冲击下。根据ASTM E1876 - 07标准,基于脉冲激励技术(IET)获得的动态杨氏模量和阻尼表征数据,对高铝耐火浇注料的热冲击损伤进行了评估。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)也进行了,以使了解这些耐火配方的弹性变化。结果表明,PSZ浇注料的阻尼增加可以用裂纹形核和扩展来解释,而WFA浇注料则没有这种现象。
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引用次数: 2
Factors Affecting the Performance of Thermal Barrier Coatings in the Presence of V 2 O 5 and Na 2 SO 4 钒和硫酸钠存在下热障涂层性能的影响因素
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00058
Se Finspång Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Ab
This study investigates the influence of temperature, salt concentration and thickness on the corrosion resistance of seven YSZ thermal barrier coatings in the presence of V2O5 and Na2SO4. For this ...
研究了温度、盐浓度和厚度对7种YSZ热障涂层在V2O5和Na2SO4存在下耐蚀性的影响。为此……
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引用次数: 3
Thermal Shock and Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Carbon-Reduced and Carbon-Free Refractories 碳还原和无碳耐火材料的热冲击和热力学行为
IF 0.5 4区 材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00081
A. Böhm, J. Malzbender, J. Fruhstorfer, S. Dudczig, C. Aneziris, A. Mertke
The thermal shock behaviour of novel carbon-reduced refractories with maximum grain size of 1 mm was investigated. A wedge splitting test for small specimen geometries (max. 40 × 40 × 20 mm 3 ) was successfully implemented with different loading configurations to determine “work of fracture” and thermal shock parameters. Additionally, heating-up thermal shock tests were performed with an electron beam facility. The addition of 2.5 wt% ZrO 2 and TiO 2 to Al 2 O 3 refractories appears to improve their thermal shock resistance due to microstructural changes that reduce brittleness and inhibit critical crack growth. However, a phase transition of ZrO 2 affects the properties at elevated temperature. For another pure alumina refractory, no geometry-independent value for the work of fracture could be obtained for the sample geometry used, which is probably related to the formation of a large interaction zone of the fracture surfaces. Al 2 O 3 -C materials with addition of semi-conductive Si and nanoparticles revealed a strong effect of the pressing direction on the work of fracture. However, the thermal shock parameter R’’’’ was hardly affected by the different additives. Furthermore, thermal shock tests using the electron beam facility JUDITH 1 did not indicate any significant differences in the damage pattern of the different Al 2 O 3 -C materials.
研究了最大晶粒尺寸为1mm的新型碳还原耐火材料的热冲击性能。小试件几何形状的楔形劈裂试验。40 × 40 × 20 mm(3)试验在不同加载配置下成功实现,以确定“断裂功”和热冲击参数。此外,用电子束设备进行了加热热冲击试验。在al2o3耐火材料中添加2.5 wt%的zro2和tio2,由于微观结构的改变,降低了脆性,抑制了临界裂纹的扩展,从而提高了其抗热震性。然而,氧化锆的相变会影响合金在高温下的性能。对于另一种纯氧化铝耐火材料,所使用的样品几何形状无法获得与断裂功无关的值,这可能与断裂面形成了一个大的相互作用区有关。添加半导电硅和纳米颗粒的Al 2o3 -C材料显示出挤压方向对断裂功的强烈影响。不同添加剂对热冲击参数R’’’’影响不大。此外,利用电子束设施JUDITH 1进行的热冲击试验没有表明不同Al 2o3 -C材料的损伤模式有任何显著差异。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Journal of Ceramic Science and Technology
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