Alexander James Cooke, Cheryl Lohr, W. J. Kennington, Kym M. Ottewell
Animal social relationships affect animal survival, reproduction, and resource exploitation, and are important to translocation success, but little is known on how they are impacted in reintroduced populations. Here, we investigate the social genetic structure in a reintroduced population of boodies (Bettongia lesueur), one of few social burrowing marsupial species in Australia. Pairwise relatedness of male and female individuals located within seven warrens was determined using 12 microsatellite markers, while mitochondrial DNA was used to identify maternal ancestral lineage. Females were significantly more related within warrens than between warrens, while the difference among males was not significant. We also found evidence of fine-scale genetic structure up to distances of 2 km in females consistent with patterns found in natural populations. Although mean relatedness values were low, our results support the hypothesis that boodies exhibit a female social structure. Multiple maternal lineages were present within all warrens with one exception, suggesting boodies appear to be non-selective when living with individuals from different ancestral backgrounds. We found a significant positive relationship between female sex bias and the number of active entrances in each warren. Together, these results suggest that social structuring should be a key consideration in future reintroductions of boodies.
{"title":"Persistence of social structuring in an arid zone mammal following reintroduction","authors":"Alexander James Cooke, Cheryl Lohr, W. J. Kennington, Kym M. Ottewell","doi":"10.1071/am23051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23051","url":null,"abstract":"Animal social relationships affect animal survival, reproduction, and resource exploitation, and are important to translocation success, but little is known on how they are impacted in reintroduced populations. Here, we investigate the social genetic structure in a reintroduced population of boodies (Bettongia lesueur), one of few social burrowing marsupial species in Australia. Pairwise relatedness of male and female individuals located within seven warrens was determined using 12 microsatellite markers, while mitochondrial DNA was used to identify maternal ancestral lineage. Females were significantly more related within warrens than between warrens, while the difference among males was not significant. We also found evidence of fine-scale genetic structure up to distances of 2 km in females consistent with patterns found in natural populations. Although mean relatedness values were low, our results support the hypothesis that boodies exhibit a female social structure. Multiple maternal lineages were present within all warrens with one exception, suggesting boodies appear to be non-selective when living with individuals from different ancestral backgrounds. We found a significant positive relationship between female sex bias and the number of active entrances in each warren. Together, these results suggest that social structuring should be a key consideration in future reintroductions of boodies.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The breeding pattern of the long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) has not been described in the north of its geographic range. Long-nosed potoroos were continuously monitored at eight camera sites on the New England Tableland in northern New South Wales over a 17-month period. Evidence of breeding relied on detecting females with pouch bulges and young-at-foot. Breeding occurred throughout the year but pouch bulges were more commonly seen in May and October than in other months. Females produced two to four young per site, equating to 2.1 per year. This study has demonstrated the great potential of using camera trapping to describe aspects of the breeding pattern in a cryptic marsupial.
{"title":"Patterns of breeding in the long-nosed potoroo revealed by camera trapping in northern New South Wales","authors":"R. Goldingay","doi":"10.1071/am24014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am24014","url":null,"abstract":"The breeding pattern of the long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) has not been described in the north of its geographic range. Long-nosed potoroos were continuously monitored at eight camera sites on the New England Tableland in northern New South Wales over a 17-month period. Evidence of breeding relied on detecting females with pouch bulges and young-at-foot. Breeding occurred throughout the year but pouch bulges were more commonly seen in May and October than in other months. Females produced two to four young per site, equating to 2.1 per year. This study has demonstrated the great potential of using camera trapping to describe aspects of the breeding pattern in a cryptic marsupial.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessie Moyses, Craig Grabham, Kyle N. Armstrong, Chris G. Knuckey, Brighton D’Rozario
Feral cat predation is recognised as a significant threat to Australian wildlife that has contributed to population declines and extinctions. Cat predation of bats worldwide is a growing concern, though there are few studies focusing on Australian species. We consolidated empirical evidence of cat predation on the threatened Pilbara leaf-nosed bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Observations in video and camera trap datasets demonstrated repeated predation of R. aurantia by several individual cats at three significant roosts. Between 2020 and 2023, we documented 183–200 bat kills at these sites. We recommend feral cat predation be formally recognised as a key threat to this species. To prevent declines at key colonies that would contribute to a population reduction, ongoing monitoring and proactive control of cats at known R. aurantia roosts should be prioritised. As demonstrated herein, camera trap monitoring is a valid method for quantifying the impact of feral cats at roost sites. Because relatively few individual cats at just a few sites can have a large impact, and most of the larger roost sites of R. aurantia have been discovered, there is potential for amelioration of this threat with multiple established and emerging methods deployed concurrently.
野猫捕食被认为是澳大利亚野生动物面临的一个重大威胁，它导致了澳大利亚野生动物数量的减少和灭绝。全球范围内猫捕食蝙蝠的现象日益受到关注，但针对澳大利亚物种的研究却很少。我们整合了猫在西澳大利亚皮尔巴拉地区捕食濒危皮尔巴拉叶鼻蝠（Rhinonicteris aurantia）的经验证据。视频和相机陷阱数据集的观察结果表明，在三个重要的栖息地，几只猫反复捕食 R. aurantia。2020 年至 2023 年期间，我们在这些地点记录到 183-200 只蝙蝠被捕杀。我们建议将野猫捕食正式确认为对该物种的主要威胁。为防止主要蝙蝠栖息地的蝙蝠数量下降导致种群数量减少，应优先对已知 R. aurantia 栖息地的猫进行持续监测和主动控制。如本文所示，相机陷阱监测是量化野猫对栖息地影响的有效方法。由于相对较少的几只猫在几个栖息地就能产生很大的影响，而且大多数较大的濒危野生鸟类栖息地都已被发现，因此同时采用多种既有和新兴方法有可能改善这一威胁。
{"title":"Feral cat predation of the threatened Pilbara leaf-nosed bat – a key threatening process","authors":"Jessie Moyses, Craig Grabham, Kyle N. Armstrong, Chris G. Knuckey, Brighton D’Rozario","doi":"10.1071/am23049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23049","url":null,"abstract":"Feral cat predation is recognised as a significant threat to Australian wildlife that has contributed to population declines and extinctions. Cat predation of bats worldwide is a growing concern, though there are few studies focusing on Australian species. We consolidated empirical evidence of cat predation on the threatened Pilbara leaf-nosed bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Observations in video and camera trap datasets demonstrated repeated predation of R. aurantia by several individual cats at three significant roosts. Between 2020 and 2023, we documented 183–200 bat kills at these sites. We recommend feral cat predation be formally recognised as a key threat to this species. To prevent declines at key colonies that would contribute to a population reduction, ongoing monitoring and proactive control of cats at known R. aurantia roosts should be prioritised. As demonstrated herein, camera trap monitoring is a valid method for quantifying the impact of feral cats at roost sites. Because relatively few individual cats at just a few sites can have a large impact, and most of the larger roost sites of R. aurantia have been discovered, there is potential for amelioration of this threat with multiple established and emerging methods deployed concurrently.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Northover, Martin A. Dziminski, Fiona M. Carpenter, Harry A. Moore, Kym M. Ottewell, Russell Palmer, Lesley A. Gibson
For threatened species that occur across multi-use landscapes, a coordinated cross-tenure management approach is desirable to achieve long-term conservation outcomes. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the progress towards achieving conservation priorities for the greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia (WA), and inform ongoing research and funding investment, we review a research program that has focused on the species over the past decade. Priorities were initially established at a stakeholder workshop in 2013, and research targeting key areas has greatly enhanced ecological knowledge of the bilby in the Pilbara and elsewhere in WA. Highlights include the development of a non-invasive scat DNA-based abundance monitoring technique, an improved understanding of habitat use and diet, including the importance of Acacia spp. that host root-dwelling larvae, and the threat posed by introduced predators. Proposed future research directions focus on better understanding habitat requirements and the association between key food resources and fire, evaluating genetic structure and gene flow at the landscape-scale and examining threat interactions. Management to mitigate a range of threats including introduced predators, grazing livestock/feral herbivores and fire is recommended, with consideration for an integrated approach.
对于出现在多用途景观中的濒危物种来说，协调的跨权属管理方法是实现长期保护成果的理想选择。为了全面了解西澳大利亚（WA）皮尔巴拉（Pilbara）地区大叶狸（Macrotis lagotis）保护优先事项的进展情况，并为正在进行的研究和资金投入提供信息，我们回顾了过去十年中以该物种为重点的研究计划。2013年的利益相关者研讨会初步确定了研究重点，针对关键领域的研究极大地提高了人们对皮尔巴拉和西澳大利亚其他地区山熊的生态认识。研究重点包括：开发基于 DNA 的非侵入性粪便丰度监测技术；进一步了解栖息地的使用和饮食，包括寄生在根部的幼虫的金合欢属植物的重要性；以及引入的捕食者带来的威胁。拟议的未来研究方向侧重于更好地了解栖息地要求和主要食物资源与火灾之间的关系，评估景观尺度上的遗传结构和基因流，以及研究威胁之间的相互作用。建议进行管理以减轻一系列威胁，包括引入的捕食者、放牧牲畜/野生食草动物和火灾，并考虑采用综合方法。
{"title":"Informing conservation management of the bilby (Macrotis lagotis) in the Pilbara: a review of research and future directions","authors":"A. Northover, Martin A. Dziminski, Fiona M. Carpenter, Harry A. Moore, Kym M. Ottewell, Russell Palmer, Lesley A. Gibson","doi":"10.1071/am24002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am24002","url":null,"abstract":"For threatened species that occur across multi-use landscapes, a coordinated cross-tenure management approach is desirable to achieve long-term conservation outcomes. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the progress towards achieving conservation priorities for the greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia (WA), and inform ongoing research and funding investment, we review a research program that has focused on the species over the past decade. Priorities were initially established at a stakeholder workshop in 2013, and research targeting key areas has greatly enhanced ecological knowledge of the bilby in the Pilbara and elsewhere in WA. Highlights include the development of a non-invasive scat DNA-based abundance monitoring technique, an improved understanding of habitat use and diet, including the importance of Acacia spp. that host root-dwelling larvae, and the threat posed by introduced predators. Proposed future research directions focus on better understanding habitat requirements and the association between key food resources and fire, evaluating genetic structure and gene flow at the landscape-scale and examining threat interactions. Management to mitigate a range of threats including introduced predators, grazing livestock/feral herbivores and fire is recommended, with consideration for an integrated approach.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristian Gabriel Orlando, Rebecca Montague-Drake, John Turbill, M. S. Crowther
Megafires can have a devastating effect on koala populations. With climate change increasing habitat vulnerability to wildfires, understanding how to efficiently measure the impact of these events on koalas is essential. We analysed the relationship between the 2019-2020 megafires and the probability of koala occurrence in Mid North Coast NSW. We found that two on-field and one satellite-derived variables measuring fire severity equally explained koala occurrence. The probability of koala occurrence decreased with increasing fire severity. This supports the use of remote sensing imagery to efficiently monitor the impact of future fire events on koala populations in the region.
{"title":"Megafires and koala occurrence: a comparative analysis of field data and satellite imagery","authors":"Cristian Gabriel Orlando, Rebecca Montague-Drake, John Turbill, M. S. Crowther","doi":"10.1071/am23054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23054","url":null,"abstract":"Megafires can have a devastating effect on koala populations. With climate change increasing habitat vulnerability to wildfires, understanding how to efficiently measure the impact of these events on koalas is essential. We analysed the relationship between the 2019-2020 megafires and the probability of koala occurrence in Mid North Coast NSW. We found that two on-field and one satellite-derived variables measuring fire severity equally explained koala occurrence. The probability of koala occurrence decreased with increasing fire severity. This supports the use of remote sensing imagery to efficiently monitor the impact of future fire events on koala populations in the region.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduced predators have been implicated in the extinction or range reduction of many Australian species, potentially due to native wildlife exhibiting prey naivety. We used traps with predator faeces present, monitored by camera traps, to determine if Australian mammals responded to native and introduced predator faeces. The presence of either faeces did not influence the trap or camera captures of any species.
{"title":"Whose scat is that? Determining recognition of predator scat by Australian mammals","authors":"M. Edwards, J. Hoy, S. FitzGibbon, P. J. Murray","doi":"10.1071/am23050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23050","url":null,"abstract":"Introduced predators have been implicated in the extinction or range reduction of many Australian species, potentially due to native wildlife exhibiting prey naivety. We used traps with predator faeces present, monitored by camera traps, to determine if Australian mammals responded to native and introduced predator faeces. The presence of either faeces did not influence the trap or camera captures of any species.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace Russell, Capri D. Jolliffe, Brodie Elsdon, Fredrik Christiansen, Andrew Colefax, Daniele Cagnazzi
The south-east Indian Ocean population of pygmy blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda) forages in habitats between temperate foraging grounds off southern Australia and breeding grounds in Indonesian waters. With the opportunity to forage during migration, limited seasonal variation in body condition would be expected. However, increasing numbers of individuals in poor body condition with prominent spinal columns and other features of emaciation have been sighted during their southern migration. This study aimed to measure the morphology and body condition (relative body volume to body length) of pygmy blue whales during their northbound and southbound migration. Unmanned aerial vehicles were used to obtain images of 42 pygmy blue whales (one calf, five juveniles and 36 adults, including one lactating female) in 2021 and 2022. The body lengths ranged from 15.32 to 24.32 m, and the mean relative head length, length to blowhole, width of eyes, fluke width and length of peduncle were 21.8, 18.1, 12.8, 22.9 and 21.3% respectively. There was a significant decrease in body condition of 15.3% between north and southern migrating adult whales. Given the importance of body condition for reproductive success, understanding if this loss is due to natural seasonal variation, or habitat or prey disturbance from environmental environmental or anthropogenic sources, has implications for the future management of the species.
{"title":"Comparatively poorer body condition of south-east Indian Ocean pygmy blue whales on their southern migration","authors":"Grace Russell, Capri D. Jolliffe, Brodie Elsdon, Fredrik Christiansen, Andrew Colefax, Daniele Cagnazzi","doi":"10.1071/am23029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23029","url":null,"abstract":"The south-east Indian Ocean population of pygmy blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda) forages in habitats between temperate foraging grounds off southern Australia and breeding grounds in Indonesian waters. With the opportunity to forage during migration, limited seasonal variation in body condition would be expected. However, increasing numbers of individuals in poor body condition with prominent spinal columns and other features of emaciation have been sighted during their southern migration. This study aimed to measure the morphology and body condition (relative body volume to body length) of pygmy blue whales during their northbound and southbound migration. Unmanned aerial vehicles were used to obtain images of 42 pygmy blue whales (one calf, five juveniles and 36 adults, including one lactating female) in 2021 and 2022. The body lengths ranged from 15.32 to 24.32 m, and the mean relative head length, length to blowhole, width of eyes, fluke width and length of peduncle were 21.8, 18.1, 12.8, 22.9 and 21.3% respectively. There was a significant decrease in body condition of 15.3% between north and southern migrating adult whales. Given the importance of body condition for reproductive success, understanding if this loss is due to natural seasonal variation, or habitat or prey disturbance from environmental environmental or anthropogenic sources, has implications for the future management of the species.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As one of the most vocal marsupials in Australia, conservation of the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis brevirostrum) (YBG) could benefit from the extraction of more information from their calls during acoustic monitoring. This pilot study investigates the variability of syllable components of full calls and identifies acoustic parameters that underlie variability in recorded calls from wild YBGs in North Queensland, Australia. Full calls with three syllables and with two syllables were distinguished. Using batch correlations and principal component analyses (PCAs), it was found that syllable two and syllable three show high variability in their duration and that maximum frequency is the strongest contributing sound parameter to the observed variability. However, because data collection was done in wild populations, the identity of call emitters remained unknown during call analyses, demanding further studies. Further subdivision of calls, and investigation into further acoustic parameters, could aid in decoding sexual, seasonal and individual-based meanings of calls.
{"title":"A pilot study to encode calls from the northern yellow-bellied glider","authors":"Sigrid Heise-Pavlov, Colby Prokop, Louisa Goss","doi":"10.1071/am23026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23026","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the most vocal marsupials in Australia, conservation of the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis brevirostrum) (YBG) could benefit from the extraction of more information from their calls during acoustic monitoring. This pilot study investigates the variability of syllable components of full calls and identifies acoustic parameters that underlie variability in recorded calls from wild YBGs in North Queensland, Australia. Full calls with three syllables and with two syllables were distinguished. Using batch correlations and principal component analyses (PCAs), it was found that syllable two and syllable three show high variability in their duration and that maximum frequency is the strongest contributing sound parameter to the observed variability. However, because data collection was done in wild populations, the identity of call emitters remained unknown during call analyses, demanding further studies. Further subdivision of calls, and investigation into further acoustic parameters, could aid in decoding sexual, seasonal and individual-based meanings of calls.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melissa C. Taylor, Adrian F. Wayne, Nicola J. Armstrong, Michael C. Calver, Kate A. Bryant
Camera trap model and setup choice can significantly affect data collection. This study investigated standard-angle Reconyx and wide-angle Swift camera traps in different setups and how the choice of equipment influenced detection and individual identification of the chuditch (Dasyurus geoffroii). Camera models were placed side-by-side in four setups: (i) single and (ii) paired camera traps 30 cm above ground; and single cameras (iii) 1 m and (iv) 2 m above ground, with a lure (tuna oil) in the centre of all setups. Swifts had a higher Detection probability than Reconyx, although the number of detections with identified individuals did not significantly differ between camera models. The 30 cm paired camera setups had the highest Detection and Identification probabilities for both camera models, with both probabilities decreasing as cameras were positioned higher. Camera model and setup choice are important in obtaining detection and identification data, and should be considered when planning studies and interpreting results.
照相机诱捕器的型号和设置选择会对数据收集产生重大影响。本研究调查了标准角度 Reconyx 摄像机陷阱和广角 Swift 摄像机陷阱在不同设置下的使用情况，以及设备的选择如何影响恙虫（Dasyurus geoffroii）的探测和个体识别。相机模型并排放置在四种设置中：(i) 离地 30 厘米的单相机陷阱和 (ii) 成对相机陷阱；(iii) 离地 1 米和 (iv) 离地 2 米的单相机，所有设置的中心都有诱饵（金枪鱼油）。雨燕的探测概率比红隼高，但不同型号相机探测到的个体数量并无明显差异。30 厘米成对照相机设置对两种照相机型号的探测和识别概率都是最高的，随着照相机位置越高，探测和识别概率越低。照相机型号和设置的选择对于获得探测和识别数据非常重要，在计划研究和解释结果时应加以考虑。
{"title":"Spot the difference: optimising camera trap use to detect and identify individuals of a medium-sized carnivorous marsupial","authors":"Melissa C. Taylor, Adrian F. Wayne, Nicola J. Armstrong, Michael C. Calver, Kate A. Bryant","doi":"10.1071/am23023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23023","url":null,"abstract":"Camera trap model and setup choice can significantly affect data collection. This study investigated standard-angle Reconyx and wide-angle Swift camera traps in different setups and how the choice of equipment influenced detection and individual identification of the chuditch (Dasyurus geoffroii). Camera models were placed side-by-side in four setups: (i) single and (ii) paired camera traps 30 cm above ground; and single cameras (iii) 1 m and (iv) 2 m above ground, with a lure (tuna oil) in the centre of all setups. Swifts had a higher Detection probability than Reconyx, although the number of detections with identified individuals did not significantly differ between camera models. The 30 cm paired camera setups had the highest Detection and Identification probabilities for both camera models, with both probabilities decreasing as cameras were positioned higher. Camera model and setup choice are important in obtaining detection and identification data, and should be considered when planning studies and interpreting results.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Lavery, R. Collett, D. Fisher, C. Hoskin, Jesse Rowland
A population of white-footed dunnarts (Sminthopsis leucopus) occurs in the Wet Tropics bioregion of tropical north Queensland, Australia separated by about 1800 km from conspecifics in temperate New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. We conducted targeted surveys for S. leucopus in north-east Queensland and obtained new records, including the first reported capture of the species in Queensland in 18 years. We assessed the genetic and morphological divergence of the north Queensland population against New South Wales, Victorian and Tasmanian S. leucopus, in conjunction with distribution and habitat differences, to assess whether this isolate should be described as a distinct taxon. Sequencing of the mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene revealed genetic divergence estimates of 2.3–2.8% and 4.3–4.8% between the north Queensland population and S. l. ferruginifrons (Victoria) and S. l. leucopus (Tasmania) respectively. Based on genetic divergence, cranial morphology, differences in habitat, and geographical isolation, we describe the north Queensland population as a new subspecies of Sminthopsis leucopus. We suggest a conservation classification of Endangered given its small distribution, apparent low density, tropical upland location and potential threats, especially related to climate change.
白足雀(Sminthopsis leucopus)的种群分布在澳大利亚昆士兰州北部的热带湿热带生物区，与温带的新南威尔士州、维多利亚州和塔斯马尼亚州的同类生物区相隔约1800公里。在昆士兰州东北部进行了针对性调查，获得了18年来首次在昆士兰州捕获的新记录。我们评估了北昆士兰种群与新南威尔士州、维多利亚州和塔斯马尼亚州的S. leucopus的遗传和形态差异，并结合分布和栖息地的差异来评估该分离物是否应该被描述为一个独特的分类单元。线粒体细胞色素b基因测序显示，北昆士兰种群与S. l. ferruginifrons(维多利亚)和S. l. leucopus(塔斯马尼亚)之间的遗传差异分别为2.3-2.8%和4.3-4.8%。基于遗传差异、颅骨形态、栖息地差异和地理隔离，我们将北昆士兰种群描述为一个新的浅槠亚种。考虑到其分布面积小、密度低、地处热带高地以及受气候变化的潜在威胁，建议将其列为濒危物种。
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