Peter D. Shaughnessy, Ikuko Tomo, Susan E. Gibbs, Catherine M. Kemper, David Stemmer
The leopard seal Hydrurga leptonyx is one of five phocid species with a circumpolar distribution in the Southern Ocean. They do not breed on the Australian coast. We document records of 14 leopard seals (two collected specimens, 12 live sightings) in South Australia (SA) between November 2017 and November 2022, from Fowlers Bay to the mouth of the River Murray. We used records from the SA Museum, reports from coastal officers of SA Department for Environment and Water, and information from the public. All 14 seals were juvenile and most were in fair/thin body condition. Two collected specimens and two sighted animals showed evidence of blunt trauma. Stomachs contained fish remains and feathers, and one contained 21 semi-digested smooth toadfish Tetractenos glaber, a species which contains the toxin tetrodotoxin. Necropsies on two specimens involved gross, histopathological, and diagnostic assessment of pathogens, organs, and skin lesions. All records were between June and December, similar to the seasonal distribution reported previously in southern Australia. The 14 records over 5 years to 2022 averaged 2.8 per year, higher than during a previous study in SA that ran over three decades to October 2009 at 1.2 per year.
{"title":"Records of leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx ashore in South Australia, 2017–2022","authors":"Peter D. Shaughnessy, Ikuko Tomo, Susan E. Gibbs, Catherine M. Kemper, David Stemmer","doi":"10.1071/am22041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am22041","url":null,"abstract":"The leopard seal Hydrurga leptonyx is one of five phocid species with a circumpolar distribution in the Southern Ocean. They do not breed on the Australian coast. We document records of 14 leopard seals (two collected specimens, 12 live sightings) in South Australia (SA) between November 2017 and November 2022, from Fowlers Bay to the mouth of the River Murray. We used records from the SA Museum, reports from coastal officers of SA Department for Environment and Water, and information from the public. All 14 seals were juvenile and most were in fair/thin body condition. Two collected specimens and two sighted animals showed evidence of blunt trauma. Stomachs contained fish remains and feathers, and one contained 21 semi-digested smooth toadfish Tetractenos glaber, a species which contains the toxin tetrodotoxin. Necropsies on two specimens involved gross, histopathological, and diagnostic assessment of pathogens, organs, and skin lesions. All records were between June and December, similar to the seasonal distribution reported previously in southern Australia. The 14 records over 5 years to 2022 averaged 2.8 per year, higher than during a previous study in SA that ran over three decades to October 2009 at 1.2 per year.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135549711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding how mammal species respond to planned burns can assist managers of protected areas to better implement fire regimes for mammal conservation. I investigated the response of three small mammal species (Rattus lutreola, Mastcomys fuscus and Antechinus minimus) to low severity, consecutive planned burns with different fire intervals (6–9 and 22 years) over 17 years, using live-trapping in montane moorland. Following the burns, vegetation density decreased by 71–83% and the small mammal species were largely absent for at least 2 years. Vegetation recovery to pre-burn levels was slower (7–10+ years versus 4–5 years) following burns with short fire intervals (6–9 years) than long fire intervals (22 years), and this was associated with a slower and reduced recovery for A. minimus but not for R. lutreola and M. fuscus. This study suggests that these species are resilient to small scale, low severity planned burns in montane moorlands on moderate productivity soils provided fire intervals are not too short (<10 years). Further studies are required to augment these findings and to investigate small mammal responses in moorlands on less productive soils than those studied here, where recovery times are expected to occur over longer timeframes.
{"title":"Small mammal succession following low severity planned burns with different fire intervals","authors":"Michael M. Driessen","doi":"10.1071/am23016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23016","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how mammal species respond to planned burns can assist managers of protected areas to better implement fire regimes for mammal conservation. I investigated the response of three small mammal species (Rattus lutreola, Mastcomys fuscus and Antechinus minimus) to low severity, consecutive planned burns with different fire intervals (6–9 and 22 years) over 17 years, using live-trapping in montane moorland. Following the burns, vegetation density decreased by 71–83% and the small mammal species were largely absent for at least 2 years. Vegetation recovery to pre-burn levels was slower (7–10+ years versus 4–5 years) following burns with short fire intervals (6–9 years) than long fire intervals (22 years), and this was associated with a slower and reduced recovery for A. minimus but not for R. lutreola and M. fuscus. This study suggests that these species are resilient to small scale, low severity planned burns in montane moorlands on moderate productivity soils provided fire intervals are not too short (<10 years). Further studies are required to augment these findings and to investigate small mammal responses in moorlands on less productive soils than those studied here, where recovery times are expected to occur over longer timeframes.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135596065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kutt, S. Kearney, Hugh W. McGregor, W. Venables, S. Murphy
{"title":"Untangling two complementary camera trapping data sets to identify patterns in feral cat activity around a known night parrot population in western Queensland","authors":"A. Kutt, S. Kearney, Hugh W. McGregor, W. Venables, S. Murphy","doi":"10.1071/am22037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am22037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59049111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tasmanian bandicoots as fungal dispersers: A comparison in mycophagy between the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) and the eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii)","authors":"T. F. Elliott, Judy Rainbird, K. Vernes","doi":"10.1071/am23018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59050776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brad Law, L. Gonsalves, M. Chidel, Anna McConville
{"title":"When bat eats bat: diet and roosts of the greater broad-nosed bat (Scoteanax rueppellii) across different regions and habitats","authors":"Brad Law, L. Gonsalves, M. Chidel, Anna McConville","doi":"10.1071/am23010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am23010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59050904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1292781/v1
R. Hamer, N. Robinson, Rob Brewster, Molly M. Barlow, Morrigan Guinane, Morgan Humphrey, A. Mifsud, A. Kutt
Tasmanian populations of the eastern quoll Dasyurus viverrinus, which represent the last wild stronghold of this species after its extirpation from the Australian mainland, have experienced declines of more than 50% over the past three decades. In this pilot study, we investigate the feasibility of supplementing wild populations with captive-bred individuals to attempt to reverse observed declines. Our results are encouraging, in that we recorded high initial survival and low initial dispersal of captive-bred individuals relative to previous release attempts in mainland Australia. Further work is ongoing to determine long-term survival of released individuals and the genetic and population-level impacts on local populations. Our preliminary results support the use of population supplementation as an effective conservation action, which allows for early intervention to address species declines while simultaneously testing hypotheses about their underlying causes.
{"title":"Not waiting for the death knell. A pilot study to examine supplementation and survivorship in a declining population of Tasmanian eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus).","authors":"R. Hamer, N. Robinson, Rob Brewster, Molly M. Barlow, Morrigan Guinane, Morgan Humphrey, A. Mifsud, A. Kutt","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1292781/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1292781/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tasmanian populations of the eastern quoll Dasyurus viverrinus, which represent the last wild stronghold of this species after its extirpation from the Australian mainland, have experienced declines of more than 50% over the past three decades. In this pilot study, we investigate the feasibility of supplementing wild populations with captive-bred individuals to attempt to reverse observed declines. Our results are encouraging, in that we recorded high initial survival and low initial dispersal of captive-bred individuals relative to previous release attempts in mainland Australia. Further work is ongoing to determine long-term survival of released individuals and the genetic and population-level impacts on local populations. Our preliminary results support the use of population supplementation as an effective conservation action, which allows for early intervention to address species declines while simultaneously testing hypotheses about their underlying causes.","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43368318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Limited genetic structure detected in sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) using genome-wide SNPs","authors":"Monica L. Knipler, M. Dowton, K. Mikac","doi":"10.1071/am21048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am21048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59047849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. M. Arkinstall, Sean I. FitzGibbon, Kevin J. Bradley, K. Moseby, P. Murray
{"title":"Using microchip-reading antennas to passively monitor a mammal reintroduction in south-west Queensland","authors":"C. M. Arkinstall, Sean I. FitzGibbon, Kevin J. Bradley, K. Moseby, P. Murray","doi":"10.1071/am22005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am22005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59048198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Site fidelity and other attributes of infrequently trapped bats over two decades in a montane wet sclerophyll forest","authors":"B. Law, T. Brassil, M. Chidel","doi":"10.1071/am22019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am22019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59048936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Lunney, M. Predavec, Indrie Sonawane, C. Moon, J. Rhodes
{"title":"Factors that drive koala roadkill: an analysis across multiple scales in New South Wales, Australia","authors":"D. Lunney, M. Predavec, Indrie Sonawane, C. Moon, J. Rhodes","doi":"10.1071/am21040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/am21040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48851,"journal":{"name":"Australian Mammalogy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59047454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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