Nahed A. El-Wafai, Sara A.T. El-Ged, Victor S. Bedrous, Mamdouh A. A. Mousa, A. Shami, K. A. Al Syaad, M. A. Bajaber, Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed, M. Ashkan, A. S. Alwabli, Amani Osman Shakak, Fatimah S. Alqahtani, Eman A. Beyari, B. A. Akl
Abstract Pseudomonas spp. causes significant losses in aquaculture, consecutive use of antibiotics, and reveals bacterial resistance; therefore, therapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms, including cultured fish. The novelty of current work represented in examining the lytic activity of four phages and their combination compared to the antibiotic streptomycin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) while measuring the hematological and blood biochemical parameters as a response for phage therapy. This study evaluated the in vitro killing curve for each phage using a growth curve that measured the OD600 after a single phage suspension was combined with the host P. aeruginosa, considered the best multiplicity of infection (MOI) for each phage. A144 healthy fish were acclimatized in the laboratory and divided into six groups: control, P. aeruginosa-infected fish, streptomycin, phage Ps1, Ps2, both (Ps1 and Ps2), were added to the T3, T4, T5, and T6 groups, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that P. aeruginosa infection caused surface body hemorrhages, tail and fin rot, irritated skin, superficial ulcers, and 100% mortality through 14 days. P. aeruginosa caused a reduction in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), platelet number (PLt), and platelet crit (PCT) count protein, albumin, and A/G ratio; however, an increase in hematocrit (Hct); Red cell distribution width (RDW), PDW, MPV compared to other groups after three days of infection and the effects increased after 12 days post-infection. The fish vaccinated with P1 (T4) and P1+P2 (T6) showed enhanced levels of Hb, RBCs, PLt, PCt, protein, albumin and decreased levels of RDW, PDW, MPV, and liver and kidney enzymes with enhanced contents more than streptomycin and closer to the control group. The biochemical markers recorded significant changes indicating liver and kidney impairments due to the infection with P. aeruginosa. It can concluded that P1 and P1+P2 combinations could use as therapy in Pseudomonas-infectd fish to enhance their blood parameters and performance.
{"title":"Evaluation of hematological and blood biochemical indices in cultured Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as affected by using phage therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Nahed A. El-Wafai, Sara A.T. El-Ged, Victor S. Bedrous, Mamdouh A. A. Mousa, A. Shami, K. A. Al Syaad, M. A. Bajaber, Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed, M. Ashkan, A. S. Alwabli, Amani Osman Shakak, Fatimah S. Alqahtani, Eman A. Beyari, B. A. Akl","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pseudomonas spp. causes significant losses in aquaculture, consecutive use of antibiotics, and reveals bacterial resistance; therefore, therapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms, including cultured fish. The novelty of current work represented in examining the lytic activity of four phages and their combination compared to the antibiotic streptomycin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) while measuring the hematological and blood biochemical parameters as a response for phage therapy. This study evaluated the in vitro killing curve for each phage using a growth curve that measured the OD600 after a single phage suspension was combined with the host P. aeruginosa, considered the best multiplicity of infection (MOI) for each phage. A144 healthy fish were acclimatized in the laboratory and divided into six groups: control, P. aeruginosa-infected fish, streptomycin, phage Ps1, Ps2, both (Ps1 and Ps2), were added to the T3, T4, T5, and T6 groups, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that P. aeruginosa infection caused surface body hemorrhages, tail and fin rot, irritated skin, superficial ulcers, and 100% mortality through 14 days. P. aeruginosa caused a reduction in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), platelet number (PLt), and platelet crit (PCT) count protein, albumin, and A/G ratio; however, an increase in hematocrit (Hct); Red cell distribution width (RDW), PDW, MPV compared to other groups after three days of infection and the effects increased after 12 days post-infection. The fish vaccinated with P1 (T4) and P1+P2 (T6) showed enhanced levels of Hb, RBCs, PLt, PCt, protein, albumin and decreased levels of RDW, PDW, MPV, and liver and kidney enzymes with enhanced contents more than streptomycin and closer to the control group. The biochemical markers recorded significant changes indicating liver and kidney impairments due to the infection with P. aeruginosa. It can concluded that P1 and P1+P2 combinations could use as therapy in Pseudomonas-infectd fish to enhance their blood parameters and performance.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"37 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbara Kij-Mitka, Julia Gabryś, Joanna Kochan, Agnieszka Nowak, Tomasz Szmatoła, Sylwia Prochowska, Wojciech Niżański, Monika Bugno-Poniewierska
Abstract The evaluation of oocytes and zygotes, based on their size, shape and morphology, is a valuable tool for predicting subsequent embryo development. While this assessment is non-invasive and made possible with time-lapse monitoring systems, not all the assessment criteria used for zygotes with pale cytoplasm can be used for domestic cat zygotes, which have dark cytoplasm. In this study, feline presumptive zygotes were evaluated for shape, size, and morphology. Measurements were also made of the diameter of the entire zygote, its cytoplasm, and the zona pellucida. Differences in the dataset were assessed using the generalized linear model (GLM) procedure. While there was no relationship between a combination of the tested parameters with the potential for cleavage, blastocyst development, and hatching, the parameters of the shape and size of the entire oocyte, and of the zona pellucida, were related to the development potential. The results presented in this study indicate that the assessment procedure for human zygotes have to be adjust to be used in the cat model, however the relationship between measurements of the diameter of presumptive feline zygotes and the thickness of zona pellucida with their developmental potential deserve further investigation to optimize assessment of cat presumptive zygotes.
{"title":"Cat presumptive zygotes assessment in relation to their development","authors":"Barbara Kij-Mitka, Julia Gabryś, Joanna Kochan, Agnieszka Nowak, Tomasz Szmatoła, Sylwia Prochowska, Wojciech Niżański, Monika Bugno-Poniewierska","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0096","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The evaluation of oocytes and zygotes, based on their size, shape and morphology, is a valuable tool for predicting subsequent embryo development. While this assessment is non-invasive and made possible with time-lapse monitoring systems, not all the assessment criteria used for zygotes with pale cytoplasm can be used for domestic cat zygotes, which have dark cytoplasm. In this study, feline presumptive zygotes were evaluated for shape, size, and morphology. Measurements were also made of the diameter of the entire zygote, its cytoplasm, and the zona pellucida. Differences in the dataset were assessed using the generalized linear model (GLM) procedure. While there was no relationship between a combination of the tested parameters with the potential for cleavage, blastocyst development, and hatching, the parameters of the shape and size of the entire oocyte, and of the zona pellucida, were related to the development potential. The results presented in this study indicate that the assessment procedure for human zygotes have to be adjust to be used in the cat model, however the relationship between measurements of the diameter of presumptive feline zygotes and the thickness of zona pellucida with their developmental potential deserve further investigation to optimize assessment of cat presumptive zygotes.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"5 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135367537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim T. El-Ratel, Khaled H. El-Kholy, Ayman M. Gomaa, A.M. Abdel-Khalek, Nesrein M. Hashem, Ali Ali El-Raghi
Abstract The dose-response analysis was used to investigate the effects of green coffee (GC) on growth performance, feed utilization, carcass traits, and health status of newly weaned rabbits. A total of 60 clinically healthy growing rabbits (5-weeks old) reared during summer season were divided randomly into three experimental groups, 20 rabbits each, and received 0, 2, and 4 g GC /kg diet, (GC0, GC2, and GC4), respectively. Growth performance (live body weight, LBW and average daily gain, ADG) and feed utilization (feed conversion ratio, FCR) as well as the dressing percentage and the relative weight of liver were improved significantly in the GC-treated groups compared to the control group. The dose-response regression analysis showed that the optimal doses were 2.75 and 3g GC/kg diet for ADG and FCR, respectively. Moreover, GC treatments significantly decreased both of rectum temperature and respiration rate compared to GC0, with an optimal dose being at 2.5g GC /kg diet. Erythrocytes and leukocyte counts improved significantly in the GC-treated groups compared to the GC0 group. Blood protein and its fractions, liver and kidney functions, and lipid profile were quadratically improved by GC supplementation. The optimal dose was 3g GC/kg diet for total protein and its fractions, ALT, and TG, while it was 2.5 and 2.75 g GC/kg diets for creatinine and TC, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione activities were significantly higher, while the levels of malondialdehyde were significantly lower in the GC-treated groups than the GC0 group. A level of 2.5g GC/kg diet was the optimal dose required for improving immunoglobulin A and G. improved in blood serum of GC treated groups compared to the control. Economically, dietary addition of GC enhanced the economic efficiency of the supplemented diets, thereby improving the profitability of the fattening process. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of GC at level of 2.5－3g/kg diet could be effectively used to enhance the growth indices, redox status, immune function, and economic efficiency of rabbits fattened during the summer season.
摘要采用量效分析方法，研究了绿咖啡(GC)对新断奶家兔生长性能、饲料利用、胴体性状和健康状况的影响。选择夏季饲养的5周龄临床健康生长兔60只，随机分为3个试验组，每组20只，分别饲喂0、2、4 g GC /kg饲粮(GC0、GC2、GC4)。与对照组相比，gc处理组的生长性能(活体重、LBW、平均日增重、ADG)、饲料利用率(饲料系数、FCR)、屠宰率和肝脏相对重量均显著提高。剂量-效应回归分析结果表明，平均日增重和脂肪比的最佳添加量分别为2.75和3g GC/kg。此外，与GC0相比，GC处理显著降低了直肠温度和呼吸速率，最佳剂量为2.5g GC /kg日粮。与GC0组相比，gc治疗组红细胞和白细胞计数明显改善。添加GC后血蛋白及其组分、肝肾功能和血脂呈二次改善。总蛋白及其组分、ALT和TG的最佳剂量为3g GC/kg，肌酐和TC的最佳剂量分别为2.5和2.75 g GC/kg。gc处理组总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽活性显著高于GC0处理组，丙二醛水平显著低于GC0处理组。与对照组相比，GC处理组血清免疫球蛋白A和g水平提高的最佳剂量为2.5g /kg。在经济上，饲粮中添加GC提高了饲粮的经济效益，从而提高了育肥过程的盈利能力。由此可见，饲粮中添加2.5 ~ 3g/kg水平的GC可有效提高夏季育肥家兔的生长指标、氧化还原状态、免疫功能和经济效益。
{"title":"Dose-response analysis for the effects of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L on growth performance, health status, and economic efficiency of fattened rabbits raised under high ambient temperature","authors":"Ibrahim T. El-Ratel, Khaled H. El-Kholy, Ayman M. Gomaa, A.M. Abdel-Khalek, Nesrein M. Hashem, Ali Ali El-Raghi","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0098","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The dose-response analysis was used to investigate the effects of green coffee (GC) on growth performance, feed utilization, carcass traits, and health status of newly weaned rabbits. A total of 60 clinically healthy growing rabbits (5-weeks old) reared during summer season were divided randomly into three experimental groups, 20 rabbits each, and received 0, 2, and 4 g GC /kg diet, (GC0, GC2, and GC4), respectively. Growth performance (live body weight, LBW and average daily gain, ADG) and feed utilization (feed conversion ratio, FCR) as well as the dressing percentage and the relative weight of liver were improved significantly in the GC-treated groups compared to the control group. The dose-response regression analysis showed that the optimal doses were 2.75 and 3g GC/kg diet for ADG and FCR, respectively. Moreover, GC treatments significantly decreased both of rectum temperature and respiration rate compared to GC0, with an optimal dose being at 2.5g GC /kg diet. Erythrocytes and leukocyte counts improved significantly in the GC-treated groups compared to the GC0 group. Blood protein and its fractions, liver and kidney functions, and lipid profile were quadratically improved by GC supplementation. The optimal dose was 3g GC/kg diet for total protein and its fractions, ALT, and TG, while it was 2.5 and 2.75 g GC/kg diets for creatinine and TC, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione activities were significantly higher, while the levels of malondialdehyde were significantly lower in the GC-treated groups than the GC0 group. A level of 2.5g GC/kg diet was the optimal dose required for improving immunoglobulin A and G. improved in blood serum of GC treated groups compared to the control. Economically, dietary addition of GC enhanced the economic efficiency of the supplemented diets, thereby improving the profitability of the fattening process. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of GC at level of 2.5－3g/kg diet could be effectively used to enhance the growth indices, redox status, immune function, and economic efficiency of rabbits fattened during the summer season.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomasz Szmatoła, Artur Gurgul, Igor Jasielczuk, Katarzyna Ropka-Molik
Abstract This study reports runs of homozygosity (ROH) and heterozygosity (ROHet) distributed in a large population of Holstein cattle on the basis of two microarrays of medium (50k; 2163 animals; 54 609 SNPs) and high single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density (HD; 600 animals; 777 692 SNPs). To assess the inbreeding values of Holstein cattle, the ROH-based genomic inbreeding coefficient (F ROH ) was calculated. The comparison of SNP panels suggested that F ROH values above 4 Mb should be considered for panels of medium densities as a relatively reliable measure of inbreeding. Moreover, ROH hotspots and coldspots were identified and compared between the HD and 50k SNP panels and were carefully examined for association with production and functional traits. The obtained results pinpointed genomic regions presumably under selection pressure in Holstein cattle. The regions overlapped with a large number of genes, including GHR, GBF1, SUMF1, CCL28, NIM1K, U6, BTRC and FABP1 , many of which are involved in important Holstein cattle characteristics. We also found that some ROH hotspots and coldspots identified with the HD panel were not detected with the 50k panel, mainly because of insufficient SNP density in certain genomic regions. This suggests that using medium-density panels might not be the best choice when precise identification of ROH patterns is the main goal. In summary, in this work, we confirmed that a high-density SNP panel compared to a medium-density SNP panel allows for more precise identification of ROH patterns, especially in the case of short ROH that could be associated with ancestral inbreeding.
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of runs of homozygosity and heterozygosity of Holstein cattle on the basis of medium and high density SNP panels and large population sample","authors":"Tomasz Szmatoła, Artur Gurgul, Igor Jasielczuk, Katarzyna Ropka-Molik","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study reports runs of homozygosity (ROH) and heterozygosity (ROHet) distributed in a large population of Holstein cattle on the basis of two microarrays of medium (50k; 2163 animals; 54 609 SNPs) and high single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density (HD; 600 animals; 777 692 SNPs). To assess the inbreeding values of Holstein cattle, the ROH-based genomic inbreeding coefficient (F ROH ) was calculated. The comparison of SNP panels suggested that F ROH values above 4 Mb should be considered for panels of medium densities as a relatively reliable measure of inbreeding. Moreover, ROH hotspots and coldspots were identified and compared between the HD and 50k SNP panels and were carefully examined for association with production and functional traits. The obtained results pinpointed genomic regions presumably under selection pressure in Holstein cattle. The regions overlapped with a large number of genes, including GHR, GBF1, SUMF1, CCL28, NIM1K, U6, BTRC and FABP1 , many of which are involved in important Holstein cattle characteristics. We also found that some ROH hotspots and coldspots identified with the HD panel were not detected with the 50k panel, mainly because of insufficient SNP density in certain genomic regions. This suggests that using medium-density panels might not be the best choice when precise identification of ROH patterns is the main goal. In summary, in this work, we confirmed that a high-density SNP panel compared to a medium-density SNP panel allows for more precise identification of ROH patterns, especially in the case of short ROH that could be associated with ancestral inbreeding.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"16 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaista S. Nissa, Islam U. Sheikh, Hayman A.A. Altaie, Sheikh Adil, Mohammad T. Banday, Mahmoud Kamal, Abdulmohsen H. Alqhtani, Ayman A. Swelum, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Mohammed Al-Shehri, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
Abstract Environmental changes have an impact on agriculture, especially the production of poultry. These changes have caused grave concerns that will negatively affect the health and productivity of chickens. We must consider illumination, density, and dietary aspects when determining the optimal environmental conditions for poultry rearing and output. Each of these variables influences the performance and behavior of birds uniquely. A crucial aspect of evaluating animal well-being is that it understands animal behavior. Artificial lighting has been widely investigated in poultry production over the last fifty years to enhance muscle gain and egg production while preserving an effective feed conversion ratio, bird health, and well-being. Yet, researchers and breeders still disagree over the ideal light quality and quantity, density, and feeding levels for poultry farming, particularly for chickens. This evaluation, therefore, covered the most up-to-date practical methods for enhancing illumination, density, and feeding-related aspects of poultry behavior, health, and production.
{"title":"Impacts of various lighting programs on chicken production and behaviour","authors":"Shaista S. Nissa, Islam U. Sheikh, Hayman A.A. Altaie, Sheikh Adil, Mohammad T. Banday, Mahmoud Kamal, Abdulmohsen H. Alqhtani, Ayman A. Swelum, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Mohammed Al-Shehri, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0097","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Environmental changes have an impact on agriculture, especially the production of poultry. These changes have caused grave concerns that will negatively affect the health and productivity of chickens. We must consider illumination, density, and dietary aspects when determining the optimal environmental conditions for poultry rearing and output. Each of these variables influences the performance and behavior of birds uniquely. A crucial aspect of evaluating animal well-being is that it understands animal behavior. Artificial lighting has been widely investigated in poultry production over the last fifty years to enhance muscle gain and egg production while preserving an effective feed conversion ratio, bird health, and well-being. Yet, researchers and breeders still disagree over the ideal light quality and quantity, density, and feeding levels for poultry farming, particularly for chickens. This evaluation, therefore, covered the most up-to-date practical methods for enhancing illumination, density, and feeding-related aspects of poultry behavior, health, and production.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"48 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohd Shahmi Hakimi Mazlishah, Nuradilla Mohamad Fauzi, Mohd Fadzil Firdzaus Mohd Nor, Noor Hashida Hashim
Abstract Sheep are an important source of protein for humans, and recent decades have seen a significant increase in the production of sheep-based products, thus indicating an increase in demand for this commodity. At a time when this sector is growing, sheep are exposed to various challenges. These include climate change, which can cause heat stress in sheep, including rams, which later negatively affects their growth and reproductive performance. Exposure to heat stress results in physiological and reproductive behaviour responses in rams, which could also be used to visually identify the effect of heat stress as it will affect the productivity of livestock. In addition, the year-round hot and humid climate of the tropics is expected to contribute to a higher probability of heat stress occurrences in rams reared in developing countries around the equator. Nevertheless, the adaptability of rams to heat stress varies according to their origin, whereby native breeds tend to adapt better. Despite that, native breeds still can be affected by adverse environmental conditions and rely on thermoregulation mechanisms to mitigate heat stress. This results in numerous negative physiological changes, such as sweating and increased heart rate. This review highlights the effects of heat stress on the physiology, reproductive behaviour and reproductive performance of male sheep. The review also discusses the impact of management systems on heat stress in rams, which affects sheep productivity.
{"title":"Influence of management systems on severity of heat stress on reproductive performance of rams in the tropics – a review","authors":"Mohd Shahmi Hakimi Mazlishah, Nuradilla Mohamad Fauzi, Mohd Fadzil Firdzaus Mohd Nor, Noor Hashida Hashim","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0099","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sheep are an important source of protein for humans, and recent decades have seen a significant increase in the production of sheep-based products, thus indicating an increase in demand for this commodity. At a time when this sector is growing, sheep are exposed to various challenges. These include climate change, which can cause heat stress in sheep, including rams, which later negatively affects their growth and reproductive performance. Exposure to heat stress results in physiological and reproductive behaviour responses in rams, which could also be used to visually identify the effect of heat stress as it will affect the productivity of livestock. In addition, the year-round hot and humid climate of the tropics is expected to contribute to a higher probability of heat stress occurrences in rams reared in developing countries around the equator. Nevertheless, the adaptability of rams to heat stress varies according to their origin, whereby native breeds tend to adapt better. Despite that, native breeds still can be affected by adverse environmental conditions and rely on thermoregulation mechanisms to mitigate heat stress. This results in numerous negative physiological changes, such as sweating and increased heart rate. This review highlights the effects of heat stress on the physiology, reproductive behaviour and reproductive performance of male sheep. The review also discusses the impact of management systems on heat stress in rams, which affects sheep productivity.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"62 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Hind A. Abu-Hiamed, Wafa D. Almarkhan, Nouf A. Alharbi, Walaa E. Alhassani, Sarah O. Alkholy, Norhan E. Khalifa, Hanan Khojah, Mahmoud Moustafa, Mohammed Al-Shehri, Ismail E. Ismail
Abstract Grape seed oil (GSO) is a rich resource of unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and phenolic compounds that have been shown to affect physiological disorders associated with chronic diseases positively. The article demonstrates GSO’s chemical structure and health benefits, including its ability to alleviate oxidative stress, modulate cytokines, exhibit antimicrobial activity, and potentially prevent cancer. The review highlights the positive impact of GSO on livestock growth and products quality, particularly when in combined with grape pomace in broiler and rabbits diets. Including grape seed extract in animals ’ diets improved carcass traits under oxidative stress conditions. It may also help reduce total lipid levels and lower LDL cholesterol levels, benefiting heart health. The article emphasizes the need for more studies to better understanding of the optimal bioactivity of GSO and to determine the recommended doses of GSO for human consumption. The review suggests that GSO could be a promising natural feed additive for improving poultry health and product quality.
{"title":"Grape seed oil: health benefits and useful impacts on live stock performance and products quality","authors":"Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Hind A. Abu-Hiamed, Wafa D. Almarkhan, Nouf A. Alharbi, Walaa E. Alhassani, Sarah O. Alkholy, Norhan E. Khalifa, Hanan Khojah, Mahmoud Moustafa, Mohammed Al-Shehri, Ismail E. Ismail","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0094","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Grape seed oil (GSO) is a rich resource of unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and phenolic compounds that have been shown to affect physiological disorders associated with chronic diseases positively. The article demonstrates GSO’s chemical structure and health benefits, including its ability to alleviate oxidative stress, modulate cytokines, exhibit antimicrobial activity, and potentially prevent cancer. The review highlights the positive impact of GSO on livestock growth and products quality, particularly when in combined with grape pomace in broiler and rabbits diets. Including grape seed extract in animals ’ diets improved carcass traits under oxidative stress conditions. It may also help reduce total lipid levels and lower LDL cholesterol levels, benefiting heart health. The article emphasizes the need for more studies to better understanding of the optimal bioactivity of GSO and to determine the recommended doses of GSO for human consumption. The review suggests that GSO could be a promising natural feed additive for improving poultry health and product quality.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"103 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A common and efficient analgesic-antipyretic medication for a variety of syndromes is paracetamol (PAR). The use of PAR was associated with acute kidney injury and other side effects, and its hazardous effects were influenced by oxidative stress and inflammation. Black seed oil's primary active ingredient, thymoquinone (TQ), has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. A few animal models for drug-induced nephrotoxicity described promising outcomes of its renoprotective action. The main goal of this work was to evaluate TQ nanoparticles' (TQNP) powerful renoprotective properties in a rat model of nephrotoxicity caused by PAR. Three groups of eight rats each were assigned; group one (the control group, CON) was given gavaged normal saline. Group 2 (PAR group, PAR) received 600 mg/kg of gavaged PAR diluted in regular saline. One hour after PAR delivery, group 3 (the TQNP group) received TQNP 0.5 mg/kg via oral administration. In rat kidney tissues, PAR resulted in renal damage, a rise in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, cystatin C (CYC), myeloperoxidase, protein carbonyl (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and a decrease in nitric oxide and cellular antioxidants. In rats given PAR, TQNP effectively reduced renal damage, lowered serum levels of creatinine, BUN, and CYC, and improved oxidative stress (MDA, MYO, and PC) and inflammatory markers (TNFα and IFN-γ). TQNP treatment resulted in modestly dilated/congested blood vessels in the renal tissues of PAR. The TQNP's reno-protective action is an effective preventative against PAR-induced nephrotoxicity, primarily by enhancing cellular defense mechanisms and reducing inflammatory and oxidative indicators in a rat model. However, additional research and clinical trials should be needed for testing in future studies.
{"title":"Effects of thymoquinone nanoparticles on paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation in rats","authors":"Fatima S. Alaryani","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A common and efficient analgesic-antipyretic medication for a variety of syndromes is paracetamol (PAR). The use of PAR was associated with acute kidney injury and other side effects, and its hazardous effects were influenced by oxidative stress and inflammation. Black seed oil's primary active ingredient, thymoquinone (TQ), has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. A few animal models for drug-induced nephrotoxicity described promising outcomes of its renoprotective action. The main goal of this work was to evaluate TQ nanoparticles' (TQNP) powerful renoprotective properties in a rat model of nephrotoxicity caused by PAR. Three groups of eight rats each were assigned; group one (the control group, CON) was given gavaged normal saline. Group 2 (PAR group, PAR) received 600 mg/kg of gavaged PAR diluted in regular saline. One hour after PAR delivery, group 3 (the TQNP group) received TQNP 0.5 mg/kg via oral administration. In rat kidney tissues, PAR resulted in renal damage, a rise in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, cystatin C (CYC), myeloperoxidase, protein carbonyl (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and a decrease in nitric oxide and cellular antioxidants. In rats given PAR, TQNP effectively reduced renal damage, lowered serum levels of creatinine, BUN, and CYC, and improved oxidative stress (MDA, MYO, and PC) and inflammatory markers (TNFα and IFN-γ). TQNP treatment resulted in modestly dilated/congested blood vessels in the renal tissues of PAR. The TQNP's reno-protective action is an effective preventative against PAR-induced nephrotoxicity, primarily by enhancing cellular defense mechanisms and reducing inflammatory and oxidative indicators in a rat model. However, additional research and clinical trials should be needed for testing in future studies.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"111 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim, Shahida Anusha Siddiqui, Abdelrazeq M. Shehata, Abhishek Biswas, Mohammed Sh. Abougabal, Alaa M. Kamal, Noura M. Mesalam, Mohamed A. Elsayed, Bing Yang, Tarek A. Ebeid, Xiaohua Teng
Abstract Lighting in poultry production holds notable importance with the advancement and modernization of the industry, as it plays a significant role in the physiology and growth of broiler chickens. Increasing attention has been paid to the impacts of lighting management on growth performance, immune status, and welfare of meat-type chickens. It is essential to have an appropriate lighting regimen that includes the light source, intensity, duration, and wavelength of light to improve broilers’ growth and behavior. By manipulating various physiological, immunological, and behavioral activities, altering the color of light has been acknowledged as a potent managerial strategy capable of mitigating an array of stressors in broiler chickens. Assessing animal welfare is necessary for animal behavior and product quality perspectives. Birds have a unique visual system, and their behavior is primarily mediated by vision. Different monochromatic light regimes can affect feed conversion ratio, modulating broiler chickens’ systematic immune response and aggressive behaviour. With the advancement of lighting technology, new possibilities have emerged to enhance traditional lighting programs in poultry houses. This review integrates recent findings on the use of monochromatic light and its impact on broilers’ welfare, growth, and physiological response.
{"title":"Impact of light wavelength on growth and welfare of broiler chickens: An overview and future perspective","authors":"Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim, Shahida Anusha Siddiqui, Abdelrazeq M. Shehata, Abhishek Biswas, Mohammed Sh. Abougabal, Alaa M. Kamal, Noura M. Mesalam, Mohamed A. Elsayed, Bing Yang, Tarek A. Ebeid, Xiaohua Teng","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0090","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lighting in poultry production holds notable importance with the advancement and modernization of the industry, as it plays a significant role in the physiology and growth of broiler chickens. Increasing attention has been paid to the impacts of lighting management on growth performance, immune status, and welfare of meat-type chickens. It is essential to have an appropriate lighting regimen that includes the light source, intensity, duration, and wavelength of light to improve broilers’ growth and behavior. By manipulating various physiological, immunological, and behavioral activities, altering the color of light has been acknowledged as a potent managerial strategy capable of mitigating an array of stressors in broiler chickens. Assessing animal welfare is necessary for animal behavior and product quality perspectives. Birds have a unique visual system, and their behavior is primarily mediated by vision. Different monochromatic light regimes can affect feed conversion ratio, modulating broiler chickens’ systematic immune response and aggressive behaviour. With the advancement of lighting technology, new possibilities have emerged to enhance traditional lighting programs in poultry houses. This review integrates recent findings on the use of monochromatic light and its impact on broilers’ welfare, growth, and physiological response.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135480920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walied Mohamed Fayed, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Mohamed A. Zaki, Eglal Ali Omar, Abdel-Aziz Moussa Nour, Esraa M. Taha, Ghada Rashad Sallam
Abstract With increasing intensive aquaculture production, the search for nourishing, environmentally, and economically viable fishmeal (FM) alternative is an endless approach. Therefore, the present study examines the use of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens , larvae meal (BSFM) as an alternative protein for FM in the diet of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, on nitrogen wastes, zootechnical performance, body composition, and hematobiochemical parameters. A total of 315 Nile tilapia fingerlings (4.11± 0.12 g/fish) were divided into seven treatments in triplicate. The fish were stocked in glass aquaria (50 × 40 × 30 cm; 60 L each) at a rate of 15 fish per aquaria. Experimental diets contained BSFM at increasing levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% as FM replacers were offered twice daily to apparent satiation for 84 days. The results revealed that BSFM replacements significantly (p = 0.001) enhance water quality and reduce the total ammonia, NH3, and NO2 levels compared to the control. The growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and survival were improved with increasing BSFM meal inclusion levels up to 25% (p = 0.001, 0.017, and 0.001 respectively). However, the zootechnical performance of the experimental fish started to decline with increasing replacement levels to 30%. Also, by an increase in BSFM level to 25%, hematobiochemical markers were considerably (p ≤ 0.01) enhanced. The liver and kidney function indicators improved (p = 0.001) with dietary BSFM. The economic evaluation revealed that feed costs and fish weight gain were decreased by increasing BSFM levels in fish diets. The current study highlighted the potential environmentally beneficial use of BSFM as an FM replacer in terms of reducing water nitrogen waste levels and improving growth performance, health status, and enhancing the economic feasibility of the commercial tilapia diet.
{"title":"Water quality change, growth performance, health status in response to dietary inclusion of black soldier fly larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>","authors":"Walied Mohamed Fayed, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Mohamed A. Zaki, Eglal Ali Omar, Abdel-Aziz Moussa Nour, Esraa M. Taha, Ghada Rashad Sallam","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With increasing intensive aquaculture production, the search for nourishing, environmentally, and economically viable fishmeal (FM) alternative is an endless approach. Therefore, the present study examines the use of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens , larvae meal (BSFM) as an alternative protein for FM in the diet of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, on nitrogen wastes, zootechnical performance, body composition, and hematobiochemical parameters. A total of 315 Nile tilapia fingerlings (4.11± 0.12 g/fish) were divided into seven treatments in triplicate. The fish were stocked in glass aquaria (50 × 40 × 30 cm; 60 L each) at a rate of 15 fish per aquaria. Experimental diets contained BSFM at increasing levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% as FM replacers were offered twice daily to apparent satiation for 84 days. The results revealed that BSFM replacements significantly (p = 0.001) enhance water quality and reduce the total ammonia, NH3, and NO2 levels compared to the control. The growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and survival were improved with increasing BSFM meal inclusion levels up to 25% (p = 0.001, 0.017, and 0.001 respectively). However, the zootechnical performance of the experimental fish started to decline with increasing replacement levels to 30%. Also, by an increase in BSFM level to 25%, hematobiochemical markers were considerably (p ≤ 0.01) enhanced. The liver and kidney function indicators improved (p = 0.001) with dietary BSFM. The economic evaluation revealed that feed costs and fish weight gain were decreased by increasing BSFM levels in fish diets. The current study highlighted the potential environmentally beneficial use of BSFM as an FM replacer in terms of reducing water nitrogen waste levels and improving growth performance, health status, and enhancing the economic feasibility of the commercial tilapia diet.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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