Barbara Jana, Jarosław Całka, Katarzyna Palus, Krzysztof Witek
Abstract Endometritis is the most common pathology in animals. However, in the context of an inflamed endometrium, alterations occur in the production of prostaglandins (PGs) and the noradrenergic innervation of the uterus, although the precise relationship between noradrenaline (NA), adrenoreceptors (ARs), and the output of PGF2α remains unclear. To clarify this issue, the participation of α1-, α2- and β-ARs in NA-influenced the PGF synthase (PGFS) and PG 9-ketoreductase/carbonyl reductase (CBR1) protein abundances in the porcine inflamed endometrium, and the secretion of PGF2α from the tissue were determined. E.coli suspension ( E.coli group) or saline (CON group) was injected into the uterine horns. After eight days, severe acute endometritis was diagnosed in the E.coli group. Endometrial explants were treated with NA and/or α1-, α2- and β-ARs antagonists. In the CON and E.coli groups, NA increased endometrial PGFS and CBR1 protein abundances and PGF2α secretion, compared to the control values (obtained from an endometrium that had not undergone any in vitro treatment). In the E.coli group, NA-stimulated CBR1 protein abundance and PGF2α release were higher, while PGFS protein abundance was lower than in the CON group. In the latter group, the antagonists of α1A-, α1D-, α2B- and α2C-ARs isoforms and β2-ARs subtype decreased NA-stimulated PGFS protein abundances, compared to NA action alone. In the E.coli group, this effect on PGFS abundances evoked α1D-, α2C-, β1- and β2-ARs antagonists with NA. Antagonists of α1B-, α2B-, β1- and β2-ARs in the CON group and antagonists of α1B-, α1D-, α2A-, α2C-, β1- and β2-ARs in the E.coli group eliminated a rise in the NA-stimulated CBR1 abundance of protein versus the NA influence alone. In comparison to NA effect alone, α1D-, α2C- and β2-ARs antagonists with NA reduced PGF2α secretion in both the CON and E.coli groups. Such effect on PGF2α release was also exerted in the E.coli group by α1B-, α2A- and β1-ARs antagonists with NA. Summarizing, in the porcine inflamed endometrium, NA increases PGFS protein abundance via α1D-, α2C- and β(1, 2)-ARs, and CBR1 protein abundance and PGF2α release by α1(B, D)-, α2(A, C) and β(1, 2)-ARs. The obtained findings suggest that, in an indirect manner, NA may affect the PGF2α-regulated processes by influencing its production and secretion. The results could offer new targets for drugs to regulate inflammation and improve uterine and ovarian functions.
{"title":"Noradrenaline and adrenoreceptors regulate prostaglandin F2α formation in endometrium after experimentally-induced inflammation in the pig","authors":"Barbara Jana, Jarosław Całka, Katarzyna Palus, Krzysztof Witek","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0092","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Endometritis is the most common pathology in animals. However, in the context of an inflamed endometrium, alterations occur in the production of prostaglandins (PGs) and the noradrenergic innervation of the uterus, although the precise relationship between noradrenaline (NA), adrenoreceptors (ARs), and the output of PGF2α remains unclear. To clarify this issue, the participation of α1-, α2- and β-ARs in NA-influenced the PGF synthase (PGFS) and PG 9-ketoreductase/carbonyl reductase (CBR1) protein abundances in the porcine inflamed endometrium, and the secretion of PGF2α from the tissue were determined. E.coli suspension ( E.coli group) or saline (CON group) was injected into the uterine horns. After eight days, severe acute endometritis was diagnosed in the E.coli group. Endometrial explants were treated with NA and/or α1-, α2- and β-ARs antagonists. In the CON and E.coli groups, NA increased endometrial PGFS and CBR1 protein abundances and PGF2α secretion, compared to the control values (obtained from an endometrium that had not undergone any in vitro treatment). In the E.coli group, NA-stimulated CBR1 protein abundance and PGF2α release were higher, while PGFS protein abundance was lower than in the CON group. In the latter group, the antagonists of α1A-, α1D-, α2B- and α2C-ARs isoforms and β2-ARs subtype decreased NA-stimulated PGFS protein abundances, compared to NA action alone. In the E.coli group, this effect on PGFS abundances evoked α1D-, α2C-, β1- and β2-ARs antagonists with NA. Antagonists of α1B-, α2B-, β1- and β2-ARs in the CON group and antagonists of α1B-, α1D-, α2A-, α2C-, β1- and β2-ARs in the E.coli group eliminated a rise in the NA-stimulated CBR1 abundance of protein versus the NA influence alone. In comparison to NA effect alone, α1D-, α2C- and β2-ARs antagonists with NA reduced PGF2α secretion in both the CON and E.coli groups. Such effect on PGF2α release was also exerted in the E.coli group by α1B-, α2A- and β1-ARs antagonists with NA. Summarizing, in the porcine inflamed endometrium, NA increases PGFS protein abundance via α1D-, α2C- and β(1, 2)-ARs, and CBR1 protein abundance and PGF2α release by α1(B, D)-, α2(A, C) and β(1, 2)-ARs. The obtained findings suggest that, in an indirect manner, NA may affect the PGF2α-regulated processes by influencing its production and secretion. The results could offer new targets for drugs to regulate inflammation and improve uterine and ovarian functions.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poulin Shohreh, Sedigheh Mohammadzadeh, Sara Mehdizadeh Mood, Ehsan Ahmadifar, Mohammed A. E. Naiel, Deepaak Chandran
Abstract All organisms require the ability to engage in either sexual or asexual reproduction in order to ensure their own survival. In aquaculture, when one sex outgrows the other faster, farmers use hormones to stimulate growth. Furthermore, the production of fish based on sexual dimorphism is predominantly executed through the utilization of estrogens and androgens. Environmentally, these compounds may pollute the ecosystem and cause endocrine system alterations that cause harmful effects; thus, they must be handled carefully to assure environmental, biological, and food safety. Phytoestrogens as natural non-steroidal phenolic plant chemicals that resemble 17-β-estradiol, could be employed as a safe alternative source of natural estrogens. The phytoestrogens have many biological effects due to their ability to compete with estrogen receptors, but they may negatively affect fish production, reproduction, and behaviors under controlled conditions. Thus, the current literature emphasizes on the beneficial effects of phytoestrogens on aquatic animal performance, behaviors, and some reproductive features.
{"title":"The potentials of Phytoestrogen compounds in aquaculture – a review","authors":"Poulin Shohreh, Sedigheh Mohammadzadeh, Sara Mehdizadeh Mood, Ehsan Ahmadifar, Mohammed A. E. Naiel, Deepaak Chandran","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0086","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract All organisms require the ability to engage in either sexual or asexual reproduction in order to ensure their own survival. In aquaculture, when one sex outgrows the other faster, farmers use hormones to stimulate growth. Furthermore, the production of fish based on sexual dimorphism is predominantly executed through the utilization of estrogens and androgens. Environmentally, these compounds may pollute the ecosystem and cause endocrine system alterations that cause harmful effects; thus, they must be handled carefully to assure environmental, biological, and food safety. Phytoestrogens as natural non-steroidal phenolic plant chemicals that resemble 17-β-estradiol, could be employed as a safe alternative source of natural estrogens. The phytoestrogens have many biological effects due to their ability to compete with estrogen receptors, but they may negatively affect fish production, reproduction, and behaviors under controlled conditions. Thus, the current literature emphasizes on the beneficial effects of phytoestrogens on aquatic animal performance, behaviors, and some reproductive features.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135480913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Biofloc technology is instrumental in improving growth performance and yield in shellfish aquaculture, while leading to enhanced water quality through maintaining the nutrients level within a safe range. More specifically, toxic nitrogenous wastes are converted into beneficial microbial biomass known as “biofloc”, contributing to improve shellfish immune system. Among the various parameters affecting the efficiency of the process is the carbon source and C:N ratio. In light of these, the present work critically reviews the effects of biofloc systems on growth performance, immunity and diseases resistance in shellfish production. Moreover, it scrutinizes the microbial diversity and nutritional composition of biofloc. Then, the application of the technology in various shellfish cultures, including shrimp, freshwater prawn, crabs, crayfish, clam, and oyster, are presented. Overall, biofloc systems contribute to enhanced shellfish survival rate to the highest value of 96-100% for marine shrimp, 95-99% for freshwater prawn, 70-83% for crayfish, 83-100% for oyster, Crassostrea sp. and up to 2% for mud crabs larvae through substantially reducing the ammonia level in the culture (summarized in table 1- table 5). Finally, the main challenges in utilizing biofloc systems, i.e., suitable aeration and mixing and microbial mechanisms involved are also explained to shed light on future research directions in the field.
{"title":"Biofloc technology in improving shellfish aquaculture production – a review","authors":"Hidayah Manan, Nor Azman Kasan, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Amyra Suryatie Kamaruzzan, Mohamad Jalilah, Fazlan Fauzan, Ashraf Suloma, Adnan Amin-Safwan","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0093","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biofloc technology is instrumental in improving growth performance and yield in shellfish aquaculture, while leading to enhanced water quality through maintaining the nutrients level within a safe range. More specifically, toxic nitrogenous wastes are converted into beneficial microbial biomass known as “biofloc”, contributing to improve shellfish immune system. Among the various parameters affecting the efficiency of the process is the carbon source and C:N ratio. In light of these, the present work critically reviews the effects of biofloc systems on growth performance, immunity and diseases resistance in shellfish production. Moreover, it scrutinizes the microbial diversity and nutritional composition of biofloc. Then, the application of the technology in various shellfish cultures, including shrimp, freshwater prawn, crabs, crayfish, clam, and oyster, are presented. Overall, biofloc systems contribute to enhanced shellfish survival rate to the highest value of 96-100% for marine shrimp, 95-99% for freshwater prawn, 70-83% for crayfish, 83-100% for oyster, Crassostrea sp. and up to 2% for mud crabs larvae through substantially reducing the ammonia level in the culture (summarized in table 1- table 5). Finally, the main challenges in utilizing biofloc systems, i.e., suitable aeration and mixing and microbial mechanisms involved are also explained to shed light on future research directions in the field.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna E. Zielak-Steciwko, Tomasz Strzała, Bartosz Luboń, Grzegorz Smołucha, Andrzej Zachwieja, Katarzyna Płoneczko-Janeczka, Krzysztof Rypuła
Abstract Cattle breeding in Poland, including the maintenance of indigenous breeds, is exposed to the occurrence of many diseases of infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Bovine MHC (BoLA)-DRB3 is a highly polymorphic gene that plays an important role in the immune response to antigens. This pilot study aimed to analyze BoLA-DRB3 genetic diversity among Polish Red and White (PRW) and Polish Holstein-Frisian (PHF) cattle. DNA sequencing revealed haplotypes for 48 out of 106 PRW and 10 out of 26 PHF cows. Analysis indicated 42 alleles detected in the PRW breed and 16 in the PHF animals. Interestingly, within the PRW breed three alleles BOLA03100|BoLA-DRB3*001:01|554, BOLA03113|BoLA-DRB3*009:02|270 and BOLA03302|BoLA-DRB3*049:01|236 were observed in 24 cows. Overall, the presented study demonstrated the genetic diversity of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in the indigenous cattle breed Polish Red and White cattle breed for the first time. The acquired results broaden the knowledge of BoLA-DRB3 diversity in cattle, whose genetic variants promote resistance or susceptibility to viral or bacterial diseases.
{"title":"Comparison of <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> genetic diversity among polish red and white (PRW) and polish holstein-friesian (PHF) cattle","authors":"Anna E. Zielak-Steciwko, Tomasz Strzała, Bartosz Luboń, Grzegorz Smołucha, Andrzej Zachwieja, Katarzyna Płoneczko-Janeczka, Krzysztof Rypuła","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0091","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cattle breeding in Poland, including the maintenance of indigenous breeds, is exposed to the occurrence of many diseases of infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Bovine MHC (BoLA)-DRB3 is a highly polymorphic gene that plays an important role in the immune response to antigens. This pilot study aimed to analyze BoLA-DRB3 genetic diversity among Polish Red and White (PRW) and Polish Holstein-Frisian (PHF) cattle. DNA sequencing revealed haplotypes for 48 out of 106 PRW and 10 out of 26 PHF cows. Analysis indicated 42 alleles detected in the PRW breed and 16 in the PHF animals. Interestingly, within the PRW breed three alleles BOLA03100|BoLA-DRB3*001:01|554, BOLA03113|BoLA-DRB3*009:02|270 and BOLA03302|BoLA-DRB3*049:01|236 were observed in 24 cows. Overall, the presented study demonstrated the genetic diversity of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in the indigenous cattle breed Polish Red and White cattle breed for the first time. The acquired results broaden the knowledge of BoLA-DRB3 diversity in cattle, whose genetic variants promote resistance or susceptibility to viral or bacterial diseases.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandra Bočarov-Stančić, Zorica Lopičić, Saša Krstović, Jelena Krulj, Jelena Milojković, Marijana Maslovarić, Marija Bodroža-Solarov
Abstract Toxic secondary metabolites of some fungi (mainly representatives of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium genera) may contaminate agricultural products, representing serious health hazards both to humans and animals. Along with this, the economic losses due to the mycotoxins’ presence in feed production, including crop and animal feedstuff processing and distribution, motivated the plentiful research of detoxification strategies. Feed supplementation with mineral adsorbents (zeolites, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), bentonites, etc.) is the most prominent approach widely applied. Besides these, other products for mycotoxin level reduction based on the constituents of the yeast cell wall or Lactobacilli are often used. Recently, many investigations are directed toward plant-derived products that can efficiently adsorb mycotoxins in their native (biosorbents) or modified forms (e.g. activated carbon, biochar etc.). These renewable, easily accessible and readily prepared sorbents are economically viable and safe alternatives for mycotoxin decontamination of feed resources. Organic polymers (chitosan, cellulose, etc.) as well as synthetic polymers, such as polyvinyl pyrrolidine, also might reduce mycotoxins’ level in feed. Besides these conventional methods, new research trends are nanotechnologies, the promising, effective, low-cost way for mycotoxins’ removal. This overview systematically summarizes information on binding agents of different origins for the reduction of mycotoxins’ levels in feed. Furthermore, the knowledge of potential applications of binding agents in the feed industry is also reviewed and discussed.
{"title":"Agents of different origins for reduction of mycotoxins’ level in feed","authors":"Aleksandra Bočarov-Stančić, Zorica Lopičić, Saša Krstović, Jelena Krulj, Jelena Milojković, Marijana Maslovarić, Marija Bodroža-Solarov","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0087","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Toxic secondary metabolites of some fungi (mainly representatives of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium genera) may contaminate agricultural products, representing serious health hazards both to humans and animals. Along with this, the economic losses due to the mycotoxins’ presence in feed production, including crop and animal feedstuff processing and distribution, motivated the plentiful research of detoxification strategies. Feed supplementation with mineral adsorbents (zeolites, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), bentonites, etc.) is the most prominent approach widely applied. Besides these, other products for mycotoxin level reduction based on the constituents of the yeast cell wall or Lactobacilli are often used. Recently, many investigations are directed toward plant-derived products that can efficiently adsorb mycotoxins in their native (biosorbents) or modified forms (e.g. activated carbon, biochar etc.). These renewable, easily accessible and readily prepared sorbents are economically viable and safe alternatives for mycotoxin decontamination of feed resources. Organic polymers (chitosan, cellulose, etc.) as well as synthetic polymers, such as polyvinyl pyrrolidine, also might reduce mycotoxins’ level in feed. Besides these conventional methods, new research trends are nanotechnologies, the promising, effective, low-cost way for mycotoxins’ removal. This overview systematically summarizes information on binding agents of different origins for the reduction of mycotoxins’ levels in feed. Furthermore, the knowledge of potential applications of binding agents in the feed industry is also reviewed and discussed.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tarek A. Ebeid, Ibrahim H. Al-Homidan, Hamad S. Aljabeili, Ahmed A. Saleh, Hassan Barakat
Abstract Weaned rabbits become extremely vulnerable to enteric infections as a result of ban of using antibiotics as growth promoters. Recently, there are a growing interest in natural alternatives of antibiotics that could be used in rabbit production. Nutraceuticals are dietary components that offer additional health benefits override their nutritive benefits. Nutraceuticals include vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, enzymes, organic acids, fatty acids, medicinal plants, etc. Due to its potential impacts on maintaining the normal physiological status, strengthening the immune system, and preventing illness, which ultimately led to an increase in productivity, nutraceuticals have recently attracted a lot of attention in rabbit farms. The objective of the present review is to provide information on recent findings about the advantages of dietary supplementation of nutraceuticals on performance, digestibility, meat quality, antioxidative properties, and immunological response in rabbits.
{"title":"Current prospects of nutraceuticals in rabbit productivity and health – an updated review","authors":"Tarek A. Ebeid, Ibrahim H. Al-Homidan, Hamad S. Aljabeili, Ahmed A. Saleh, Hassan Barakat","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Weaned rabbits become extremely vulnerable to enteric infections as a result of ban of using antibiotics as growth promoters. Recently, there are a growing interest in natural alternatives of antibiotics that could be used in rabbit production. Nutraceuticals are dietary components that offer additional health benefits override their nutritive benefits. Nutraceuticals include vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, enzymes, organic acids, fatty acids, medicinal plants, etc. Due to its potential impacts on maintaining the normal physiological status, strengthening the immune system, and preventing illness, which ultimately led to an increase in productivity, nutraceuticals have recently attracted a lot of attention in rabbit farms. The objective of the present review is to provide information on recent findings about the advantages of dietary supplementation of nutraceuticals on performance, digestibility, meat quality, antioxidative properties, and immunological response in rabbits.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135483009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mpwaga Alatwinusa Yohana, Gyan Watson Ray, Qihui Yang, Tan Beiping, Chi Shuyan, Deng Junming
Abstract This study delves into the potential of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with corn gluten meal (CGM) in the diet of Litopaeneaus vannamei . We aimed to investigate the effects of a dietary soybean meal replacement on various aspects of shrimp, including survival, biochemical indices, digestive enzymes, metabolomics, and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi . To conduct the study, we fed 840 juvenile Pacific shrimp seven different diets, each containing varying levels of CGM. The control group received a diet with 0% CGM; the other diets contained 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 12%, and 14% CGM. Each group comprised three replicates, and the shrimp were fed their diets for eight weeks. Our findings revealed that the survival rate of the shrimp ranged from 90.83% to 97.50% and did not differ significantly between the control and those fed diet treatments 2-5. Additionally, there were no significant differences in crude protein, moisture, and lipid content. However, we observed that total antioxidant capacity content increased with the dietary inclusion of CGM. Furthermore, malondialdehyde content decreased with increasing CGM levels, while superoxide dismutase increased, indicating no obvious oxidative damage was observed in CGM treatment groups. Interestingly, shrimp fed diets 2 and 3 had considerably lower alanine aminotransferase activity than shrimp in the control group. The disease resistance in shrimp was improved across all treatment groups, with a notably higher CGM inclusion having the highest level of mortality during the challenge test. Finally, we analyzed the metabolomics data and found PCA score plots clearly separated the control group and shrimp-fed CGM diets. Our study revealed that a 3% substitution rate of SBM with CGM can enhance survival and immunity, regulate metabolites and improve disease resistance.
{"title":"Effect of corn gluten meal on the replacement of soybean meal on the survival, biochemical and metabolic responses, and disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>)","authors":"Mpwaga Alatwinusa Yohana, Gyan Watson Ray, Qihui Yang, Tan Beiping, Chi Shuyan, Deng Junming","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study delves into the potential of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with corn gluten meal (CGM) in the diet of Litopaeneaus vannamei . We aimed to investigate the effects of a dietary soybean meal replacement on various aspects of shrimp, including survival, biochemical indices, digestive enzymes, metabolomics, and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi . To conduct the study, we fed 840 juvenile Pacific shrimp seven different diets, each containing varying levels of CGM. The control group received a diet with 0% CGM; the other diets contained 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 12%, and 14% CGM. Each group comprised three replicates, and the shrimp were fed their diets for eight weeks. Our findings revealed that the survival rate of the shrimp ranged from 90.83% to 97.50% and did not differ significantly between the control and those fed diet treatments 2-5. Additionally, there were no significant differences in crude protein, moisture, and lipid content. However, we observed that total antioxidant capacity content increased with the dietary inclusion of CGM. Furthermore, malondialdehyde content decreased with increasing CGM levels, while superoxide dismutase increased, indicating no obvious oxidative damage was observed in CGM treatment groups. Interestingly, shrimp fed diets 2 and 3 had considerably lower alanine aminotransferase activity than shrimp in the control group. The disease resistance in shrimp was improved across all treatment groups, with a notably higher CGM inclusion having the highest level of mortality during the challenge test. Finally, we analyzed the metabolomics data and found PCA score plots clearly separated the control group and shrimp-fed CGM diets. Our study revealed that a 3% substitution rate of SBM with CGM can enhance survival and immunity, regulate metabolites and improve disease resistance.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study was conducted to examine the effects of powder sodium propionate (P-SP) and SP- loaded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (MIP-SP NPs) on the growth, skin mucosal immune parameters, and digestive and liver enzymes activities of African cichlid ( Labidochromis lividus ) fingerlings. Fish with an average weight of 500±2 mg were stocked into 12 experimental units and fed on experimental diets prepared by supplementing the basal diet (control) with MIP NPs, P-SP (5 g SP kg −1 of dry diet), and MIP-SP NPs for 8 weeks. The findings demonstrated that growth indices improved in the MIP-SP NPs followed by the P-SP dietary group compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The activity of digestive enzymes of lipase, trypsin, protease, and alkaline phosphatase was higher in the fish fed SP-supplemented diets than in the controls (P<0.05). The protease and lipase activities in the MIP-SP NPs dietary group increased by 29.33% and 48.81% compared to the control, respectively (P<0.05). In addition, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of liver tissue decreased in the SP dietary groups, while the catalase (CAT ), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increased compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The highest SOD and ALP levels were observed in the fish fed on the MIP-SP NPs-supplemented diet (P<0.05). Furthermore, the skin mucosal immune indices, including alternative hemolytic complement activity (ACH50), lysozyme, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels increased in the MIP-SP NPs and P-SP dietary groups compared to the controls (P<0.05). The findings indicated that sodium propionate encapsulated in molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles could enhance the efficiency of dietary SP in African cichlid fish.
{"title":"Dietary powder and molecular imprinted polymer nanoencapsulated sodium propionate to enhance growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, antioxidant defense, and mucosal immune response in African cichlid (<i>Labidochromis lividus</i>) fingerlings","authors":"Mehrdad Sarkheil, Omid Safari, Davood Kordestani","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2022-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2022-0074","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was conducted to examine the effects of powder sodium propionate (P-SP) and SP- loaded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (MIP-SP NPs) on the growth, skin mucosal immune parameters, and digestive and liver enzymes activities of African cichlid ( Labidochromis lividus ) fingerlings. Fish with an average weight of 500±2 mg were stocked into 12 experimental units and fed on experimental diets prepared by supplementing the basal diet (control) with MIP NPs, P-SP (5 g SP kg −1 of dry diet), and MIP-SP NPs for 8 weeks. The findings demonstrated that growth indices improved in the MIP-SP NPs followed by the P-SP dietary group compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The activity of digestive enzymes of lipase, trypsin, protease, and alkaline phosphatase was higher in the fish fed SP-supplemented diets than in the controls (P<0.05). The protease and lipase activities in the MIP-SP NPs dietary group increased by 29.33% and 48.81% compared to the control, respectively (P<0.05). In addition, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of liver tissue decreased in the SP dietary groups, while the catalase (CAT ), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increased compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The highest SOD and ALP levels were observed in the fish fed on the MIP-SP NPs-supplemented diet (P<0.05). Furthermore, the skin mucosal immune indices, including alternative hemolytic complement activity (ACH50), lysozyme, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels increased in the MIP-SP NPs and P-SP dietary groups compared to the controls (P<0.05). The findings indicated that sodium propionate encapsulated in molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles could enhance the efficiency of dietary SP in African cichlid fish.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136383105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shimaa A. Shahin, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Mohamed M. Abdel-Rahim, Alaa A. El-Dahhar, Mohammed F. El Basuini, Ashraf I. G. Elhetawy
Abstract To sustain normal development, high survival, and rapid growth, marine fish larvae require a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which could decrease the risk of reactive oxygen species accumulations. Consequently, a 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of silymarin (SM) supplementation in weaning diets on the growth performance, survival, antioxidant enzyme activities, and fatty acids profile of European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) larvae. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were investigated using SM at levels of 0, 200, 400, and 600 mg kg −1 (SM 0.00 , SM 200 , SM 400 , and SM 600 , respectively). The findings showed that, in a dose-dependent manner, increasing dietary levels of SM enhanced survival, growth, and feed utilization. In the SM 600 group, the weight gain, survival, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved by 123.21, 11.66, and 38.72%, respectively, compared to the control group. The dose-response analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation (R2=0.96) between SM levels and weight increase, and a strong negative correlation (R2=0.88) between SM levels and FCR. The antioxidant enzyme activities of larvae given SM-enriched diets were significantly greater than those of the control group. Compared to the control group, the CAT and SOD improved by 81.77 and 5.08% in the SM600 group. In addition, the saturated fatty acid content decreased while the unsaturated fatty acid content increased, particularly in the SM600 group. The results indicate that supplementing the micro diet of European seabass larvae during weaning with SM at a dose of 600 mg kg −1 increases growth, survival, antioxidant status, and fatty acid profiles.
{"title":"Silymarin, <i>Silybum marianum</i>, Supplemented Weaning Diet Boosted Survival, Growth, Antioxidant Status, and Fatty Acids Profile of Seabass, <i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>","authors":"Shimaa A. Shahin, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Mohamed M. Abdel-Rahim, Alaa A. El-Dahhar, Mohammed F. El Basuini, Ashraf I. G. Elhetawy","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2022-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2022-0068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To sustain normal development, high survival, and rapid growth, marine fish larvae require a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which could decrease the risk of reactive oxygen species accumulations. Consequently, a 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of silymarin (SM) supplementation in weaning diets on the growth performance, survival, antioxidant enzyme activities, and fatty acids profile of European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) larvae. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were investigated using SM at levels of 0, 200, 400, and 600 mg kg −1 (SM 0.00 , SM 200 , SM 400 , and SM 600 , respectively). The findings showed that, in a dose-dependent manner, increasing dietary levels of SM enhanced survival, growth, and feed utilization. In the SM 600 group, the weight gain, survival, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved by 123.21, 11.66, and 38.72%, respectively, compared to the control group. The dose-response analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation (R2=0.96) between SM levels and weight increase, and a strong negative correlation (R2=0.88) between SM levels and FCR. The antioxidant enzyme activities of larvae given SM-enriched diets were significantly greater than those of the control group. Compared to the control group, the CAT and SOD improved by 81.77 and 5.08% in the SM600 group. In addition, the saturated fatty acid content decreased while the unsaturated fatty acid content increased, particularly in the SM600 group. The results indicate that supplementing the micro diet of European seabass larvae during weaning with SM at a dose of 600 mg kg −1 increases growth, survival, antioxidant status, and fatty acid profiles.","PeriodicalId":48859,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136008962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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