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The Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Mitochondrial Function Within Skeletal Muscle: A Systematic Review 胰高血糖素样肽- 1受体激动剂对骨骼肌线粒体功能的影响:系统综述
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13677
Victoria J. Old, Melanie J. Davies, Dimitris Papamargaritis, Pratik Choudhary, Emma L. Watson
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased risk of multiple metabolic and mental health–related comorbidities. Recent advances in obesity pharmacotherapy, particularly with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs), have the potential to transform obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care by promoting marked weight loss, improving glycaemic control and addressing multiple obesity-related comorbidities, with added cardio-renal benefits. Dual agonists combining GLP-1 with other enteropancreatic hormones such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have also been developed in recent years, leading to greater weight loss than using GLP-1 RAs alone. However, up to 40% of the weight lost with GLP-1 RAs comes from lean body mass, raising concerns about potential adverse effects on skeletal muscle function. Mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by reduced mitochondrial size and activity, is prevalent in individuals with obesity and T2DM and is a known contributor to muscle wasting in ageing and some chronic diseases. This systematic review investigates the impact of GLP-1-based therapies on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in individuals with obesity and T2DM or in related animal and cell models.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL and clinicaltrials.gov was conducted. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials, randomized crossover trials, cluster randomized control trials and basic science studies involving any GLP-1 RA or GLP-1/GIP dual agonist. Outcomes of interest were skeletal muscle respiratory function either in the form of measurements of mass, number, content, oxidative capacity/respiratory function, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Eight studies were eligible for analysis; no human studies were identified. All of the included studies used GLP-1 RAs (single agonists) as intervention. The emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1 RAs increase mitochondrial area, number and morphology (i.e., reduces swelling). Data are conflicting on the effect of GLP-1 RAs upon mitochondrial mass, respiration and the expression of uncoupling proteins and PGC-1α. Data also demonstrate muscle specific (i.e., soleus vs. extensor digitorum longus) responses to GLP-1 RAs.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>GLP-1 RAs appear to have a positive effect upon mitochondria area, number and morphology, but effects upon other
背景:肥胖是一种慢性疾病,与多种代谢和精神健康相关合并症的风险增加有关。肥胖药物治疗的最新进展,特别是胰高血糖素样肽- 1 (GLP - 1)受体激动剂(RAs),有可能通过促进显著的体重减轻、改善血糖控制和解决多种肥胖相关合并症来改变肥胖和2型糖尿病(T2DM)的治疗,并增加心脏-肾脏益处。近年来,GLP‐1与其他肠胰腺激素(如葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素性多肽(GIP))联合使用的双重激动剂也被开发出来,比单独使用GLP‐1 RAs更能减轻体重。然而,高达40%的GLP - 1 RAs减轻的体重来自瘦体重,这引起了对骨骼肌功能潜在不利影响的担忧。线粒体功能障碍的特征是线粒体大小和活动减少,在肥胖和2型糖尿病患者中普遍存在,并且是已知的导致衰老和某些慢性疾病中肌肉萎缩的因素。本系统综述研究了基于GLP‐1的治疗对肥胖和T2DM患者或相关动物和细胞模型骨骼肌线粒体功能的影响。方法综合检索MEDLINE、Scopus、CINAHL和clinicaltrials.gov。纳入标准包括随机对照试验、随机交叉试验、聚类随机对照试验和涉及GLP‐1 RA或GLP‐1/GIP双重激动剂的基础科学研究。研究的结果是骨骼肌呼吸功能,包括质量、数量、含量、氧化能力/呼吸功能、线粒体动力学、线粒体生物发生和线粒体自噬。结果8项研究符合分析条件;未发现人体研究。所有纳入的研究均使用GLP‐1 RAs(单一激动剂)作为干预。新出现的证据表明,GLP‐1 RAs增加线粒体面积、数量和形态(即减少肿胀)。关于GLP‐1 RAs对线粒体质量、呼吸、解偶联蛋白和PGC‐1α表达的影响,数据存在冲突。数据还显示了肌肉特异性(即比目鱼肌与指长伸肌)对GLP‐1 RAs的反应。结论lp‐1 RAs似乎对线粒体面积、数量和形态有积极影响,但对线粒体健康其他方面的影响尚不明确。数据非常有限,仅在动物和体外模型中呈现。未来的研究应该在人群中进行,以便开始了解GLP‐1 RAs和基于GLP‐1的治疗对人类骨骼肌线粒体的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Weight and Blood-Based Markers of Cachexia Predict Disability, Hospitalization and Worse Survival in Cancer Immunotherapy Patients 体重和基于血液的恶病质标志物预测癌症免疫治疗患者的残疾、住院和更差的生存
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13685
Steven D. Tran, Noah J. Forrest, Vijeeth Guggilla, Geovanni M. Perottino, Jodi L. Johnson, Jeffrey Sosman, Ishan Roy, Theresa L. Walunas
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Cancer-associated cachexia can inhibit immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy efficacy. Cachexia's effect on ICI therapy has not been studied in large cohorts of cancer patients aside from lung cancer. We studied associations between real-world routinely collected clinical cachexia markers and disability-free, hospitalization-free and overall survival of cancer patients.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A retrospective study was conducted of electronic health records (EHR) of patients with lung, renal cell, melanoma and other cancers treated with ICI therapy at Northwestern Medicine of Chicago, IL, United States, between March 2011 and January 2022. Weight, body mass index, absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) measures were analysed to calculate the Fearon consensus criteria for cachexia, weight loss grading system (WLGS) score, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) at ICI therapy initiation. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to determine associations between these metrics and disability-free, hospitalization-free and overall survival.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>EHR analysis uncovered 3285 cancer patients on ICI therapy (54% > 65 years of age, 50.7% male, 77.7% White). At ICI therapy initiation, 1282 (39.0%) patients had cachexia (consensus criteria), 1641 (50.0%) had a WLGS score ≥ 2, 1806 (55.0%) had an NLR > 3, 1087 (33.1%) had albumin < 3.5 g/dL and 1318 (40.1%) had a PNI < 44. Missing measurements included CRP missing for 98.2% and mGPS missing for 98.6% of patients. Disability-free (<i>n</i> = 1373), hospitalization-free (<i>n</i> = 2374) and overall survival (<i>n</i> = 1599) events were analysed with 1-year rates of 65% (64%–67%), 35% (34%–37%) and 65% (63%–66%), respectively. Multivariate Cox model analyses showed hazard ratios (HR) for cachexia at 1.58 (95% CI 1.38–1.80), 1.47 (95% CI 1.33–1.63) and 1.97 (95% CI 1.75–2.23) for disability, hospitalization and death, respectively. HRs for WLGS ≥ 2 were 1.45 (95% CI 1.28–1.66), 1.37 (95% CI 1.24–1.51) and 1.91 (95% CI 1.69–2.17). HRs for NLR > 3 were 1.57 (95% CI 1.35–1.83), 1.40 (95% CI 1.25–1.58) and 1.95 (95% CI 1.67–2.27). HRs for albumin < 3.5 g/dL were 1.33 (95% CI 1.15–1.54), 1.67 (95% CI 1.50–1.86) and 2.09 (95% CI 1.84–2.36). HRs for PNI < 44 were 1.60 (95% CI 1.39–1.84), 1.46 (95% CI 1.31–1.63) and 2.07 (95% CI 1.80–2.37).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3>
癌症相关恶病质可抑制免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)的治疗效果。除肺癌外,恶病质对ICI治疗的影响尚未在大型癌症患者队列中进行研究。我们研究了真实世界常规收集的临床恶病质标志物与癌症患者无残疾、无住院和总生存率之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Local Inflammation Precedes Diaphragm Wasting and Fibrotic Remodelling in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer 在胰腺癌小鼠模型中,局部炎症先于膈肌萎缩和纤维化重构
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13668
Daria Neyroud, Andrew C. D'Lugos, Enrique J. Trevino, Chandler S. Callaway, Jacqueline Lamm, Orlando Laitano, Brittney Poole, Michael R. Deyhle, Justina Brantley, Lam Le, Andrew R. Judge, Sarah M. Judge
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Cancer cachexia represents a debilitating muscle wasting condition that is highly prevalent in gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Cachexia is estimated to contribute to ~30% of cancer-related deaths, with deterioration of respiratory muscles suspected to be a key contributor to cachexia-associated morbidity and mortality. In recent studies, we identified fibrotic remodelling of respiratory accessory muscles as a key feature of human PDAC cachexia.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>To gain insight into mechanisms driving respiratory muscle wasting and fibrotic remodelling in response to PDAC, we conducted temporal histological and transcriptomic analyses on diaphragm muscles harvested from mice-bearing orthotopic murine pancreatic (KPC) tumours at time points reflective of precachexia (D8 and D10), mild–moderate cachexia (D12 and D14) and advanced cachexia (endpoint).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>During the precachexia phase, diaphragms showed significant leukocyte infiltration (+3-fold to +13-fold; D8—endpoint vs. Sham, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and transcriptomic enrichment of inflammatory processes associated with tissue injury that remained increased through endpoint. Diaphragm inflammation was followed by increases in PDGFR-ɑ<sup>+</sup> fibroadipogenic progenitors (+2.5 to +3.8-fold; D10—endpoint vs. Sham, <i>p</i> < 0.05), fibre atrophy (−16% to −24%, D12 to endpoint vs. Sham, <i>p</i> < 0.05), ECM expansion (+1.5 to +1.8-fold; D14—endpoint vs. Sham, <i>p</i> < 0.05), collagen accumulation (+3.8-fold; endpoint vs. Sham, <i>p</i> = 0.0013) and reductions in breathing frequency (−55%, <i>p</i> = 0.0074) and diaphragm excursion (−43%, <i>p</i> = 0.0006). These biological processes were supported by changes in the diaphragm transcriptome. Ingenuity pathway analysis predicted factors involved in inflammatory responses to tissue injury, including TGF-β1, angiotensin and PDGF BB, as top upstream regulators activated in diaphragms prior to and throughout cachexia progression, while PGC-1α and the insulin receptor were among the top upstream regulators predicted to be suppressed. The transcriptomic dataset further revealed progressive disturbances to networks involved in lipid, glucose and oxidative metabolism, activation of the unfolded protein response and neuromuscular junction remodelling associated with denervation.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>In summary, our data support leukocyte infiltration and expansion of P
癌症恶病质代表了一种衰弱的肌肉萎缩状态,在胃肠道癌症中非常普遍,包括胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)。据估计,恶病质导致约30%的癌症相关死亡,而呼吸肌的恶化被怀疑是恶病质相关发病率和死亡率的关键因素。在最近的研究中,我们发现呼吸副肌的纤维化重构是人类PDAC恶病质的一个关键特征。
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引用次数: 0
The Prognostic Value of Sarcopenia in Clinical Outcomes in Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 骨骼肌减少症对宫颈癌临床预后的预测价值:一项系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13674
Fang Wang, Hongnan Zhen, Kang Yu, Pengju Liu
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by inadequate muscle and function decline and is often associated with ageing and cancer. It is established that sarcopenia and muscle loss occurred during treatment are associated with the clinical outcomes of patients with cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between sarcopenia at pretreatment and during treatment and overall survival or disease progression in patients with cervical cancer.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>The Web of Science, Embase, Medline and Cochrane Library databases were searched until 4 July 2024. Studies evaluating the prognostic effect of muscle mass at pretreatment or muscle change during treatment on survival or disease progression for patients with cervical cancer were included. Study quality was evaluated with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Forest plots and summary effect models were used to show the effect size of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The search strategy yielded 1721 studies in four databases. Eleven and seven studies were included in the quantitative analysis of pretreatment sarcopenia and muscle change on clinical outcomes, respectively. A total of 1907 patients underwent pretreatment muscle assessment, but 1016 were monitored for muscle changes; however, none of the studies involved measures of muscle strength or function. Meta-analysis showed a significant association between pretreatment sarcopenia and OS [hazard ratio (HR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–2.14, <i>p</i> = 0.003] and PFS (HR 1.63, 95%CI 1.16–2.29, <i>p</i> = 0.005) according to data of univariate analysis. In the meta-analysis of the multivariate data, pretreatment sarcopenia remained associated with poor OS (HR 3.09, 95% CI: 2.07–4.61, <i>p</i> < 0.00001) and PFS (HR: 1.55, 95%CI 1.06–2.28, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Additionally, muscle loss was significantly associated with OS (HR 5.18, 95%CI 3.54–7.56, <i>p</i> < 0.00001) and PFS (HR 2.62, 95%CI 1.63–4.22, <i>p</i> < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between pretreatment sarcopenia and OS, as well as PFS, was influenced by muscle mass measurements and cut-off values, whereas muscle loss consistently predicted worse OS and PFS when stratified by varying degrees of reduction. The NOS scores of all included studies were ≥ 6.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Pretreatment sarcopenia and muscle change during treatment are significantly associated with bot
肌肉减少症是一种以肌肉不足和功能下降为特征的疾病,通常与衰老和癌症有关。研究证实,治疗期间发生的肌肉减少和肌肉损失与癌症患者的临床预后有关。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估宫颈癌患者治疗前和治疗期间肌肉减少症与总生存期或疾病进展之间的关系。
{"title":"The Prognostic Value of Sarcopenia in Clinical Outcomes in Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Fang Wang,&nbsp;Hongnan Zhen,&nbsp;Kang Yu,&nbsp;Pengju Liu","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13674","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13674","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by inadequate muscle and function decline and is often associated with ageing and cancer. It is established that sarcopenia and muscle loss occurred during treatment are associated with the clinical outcomes of patients with cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between sarcopenia at pretreatment and during treatment and overall survival or disease progression in patients with cervical cancer.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Web of Science, Embase, Medline and Cochrane Library databases were searched until 4 July 2024. Studies evaluating the prognostic effect of muscle mass at pretreatment or muscle change during treatment on survival or disease progression for patients with cervical cancer were included. Study quality was evaluated with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Forest plots and summary effect models were used to show the effect size of sarcopenia on clinical outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The search strategy yielded 1721 studies in four databases. Eleven and seven studies were included in the quantitative analysis of pretreatment sarcopenia and muscle change on clinical outcomes, respectively. A total of 1907 patients underwent pretreatment muscle assessment, but 1016 were monitored for muscle changes; however, none of the studies involved measures of muscle strength or function. Meta-analysis showed a significant association between pretreatment sarcopenia and OS [hazard ratio (HR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–2.14, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003] and PFS (HR 1.63, 95%CI 1.16–2.29, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005) according to data of univariate analysis. In the meta-analysis of the multivariate data, pretreatment sarcopenia remained associated with poor OS (HR 3.09, 95% CI: 2.07–4.61, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001) and PFS (HR: 1.55, 95%CI 1.06–2.28, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03). Additionally, muscle loss was significantly associated with OS (HR 5.18, 95%CI 3.54–7.56, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001) and PFS (HR 2.62, 95%CI 1.63–4.22, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.00001). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between pretreatment sarcopenia and OS, as well as PFS, was influenced by muscle mass measurements and cut-off values, whereas muscle loss consistently predicted worse OS and PFS when stratified by varying degrees of reduction. The NOS scores of all included studies were ≥ 6.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Pretreatment sarcopenia and muscle change during treatment are significantly associated with bot","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13674","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ergogenic Benefits of β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Body Composition and Muscle Strength: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses 补充β -羟基- β -丁酸甲酯(HMB)对身体成分和肌肉力量的有益作用:荟萃分析综述
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13671
Mohammad Vesal Bideshki, Mehrdad Behzadi, Mehrdad Jamali, Parsa Jamilian, Meysam Zarezadeh, Bahram Pourghassem Gargari

Background

β-Hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the amino acid leucine, known for its ergogenic effects on body composition and strength. Despite these benefits, the magnitude of these effects remains unclear due to variability among studies. This umbrella review aims to synthesize meta-analyses investigating the effects of HMB on body composition and muscle strength in adults.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science without date or language restrictions until August 2024. The study protocol was registered at Prospero (No. CRD42023402740). Included studies evaluated the effects of HMB supplementation on body mass, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass and performance outcomes. Effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and a random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Standard methods assessed heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the AMSTAR2 tool.

Results

Eleven studies comprising 41 data sets were included, with participants aged 23–79 years. HMB supplementation significantly increased muscle mass (ES: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06–0.35; p = 0.004), muscle strength index (ES: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.19–0.35; p < 0.001) and FFM (ES: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.11–0.34; p < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in FM (ES: 0.03; 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.35; p = 0.09) or body mass (ES: 0.09; 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.24; p = 0.22). The quality assessment revealed that five studies were of high quality, three were of low quality and three were of critically low quality.

Conclusions

HMB supplementation may benefit individuals experiencing muscular atrophy due to physiological conditions, particularly enhancing muscle mass and strength without significant changes in fat mass or body weight.

β -羟基- β -丁酸甲酯(HMB)是氨基酸亮氨酸的代谢物,以其对身体成分和力量的促氧作用而闻名。尽管有这些好处,但由于研究之间的差异,这些影响的程度仍不清楚。本综述旨在综合meta分析,研究HMB对成人身体成分和肌肉力量的影响。方法于2024年8月前在Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science中进行无日期和语言限制的综合文献检索。研究方案已在普洛斯彼罗(普洛斯彼罗)登记。CRD42023402740)。纳入的研究评估了补充HMB对体重、脂肪质量(FM)、无脂肪质量(FFM)、肌肉质量和表现结果的影响。计算效应量(ESs)和95%置信区间(ci),并采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。标准方法评估异质性、敏感性和发表偏倚。使用AMSTAR2工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量。结果纳入41个数据集的11项研究,参与者年龄在23-79岁之间。添加HMB显著增加肌肉质量(ES: 0.21;95% ci: 0.06-0.35;p = 0.004),肌力指数(ES: 0.27;95% ci: 0.19-0.35;p & lt;0.001)和FFM (ES: 0.22;95% ci: 0.11-0.34;p & lt;0.001)。FM无显著变化(ES: 0.03;95% CI:−0.04 ~ 0.35;p = 0.09)或体重(ES: 0.09;95% CI:−0.06 ~ 0.24;P = 0.22)。质量评估显示,5项研究为高质量,3项为低质量,3项为极低质量。结论补充shmb可能对因生理条件而出现肌肉萎缩的个体有益,特别是在不显著改变脂肪量或体重的情况下增加肌肉质量和力量。
{"title":"Ergogenic Benefits of β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Body Composition and Muscle Strength: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses","authors":"Mohammad Vesal Bideshki,&nbsp;Mehrdad Behzadi,&nbsp;Mehrdad Jamali,&nbsp;Parsa Jamilian,&nbsp;Meysam Zarezadeh,&nbsp;Bahram Pourghassem Gargari","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13671","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13671","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>β-Hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the amino acid leucine, known for its ergogenic effects on body composition and strength. Despite these benefits, the magnitude of these effects remains unclear due to variability among studies. This umbrella review aims to synthesize meta-analyses investigating the effects of HMB on body composition and muscle strength in adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science without date or language restrictions until August 2024. The study protocol was registered at Prospero (No. CRD42023402740). Included studies evaluated the effects of HMB supplementation on body mass, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass and performance outcomes. Effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and a random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Standard methods assessed heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the AMSTAR2 tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eleven studies comprising 41 data sets were included, with participants aged 23–79 years. HMB supplementation significantly increased muscle mass (ES: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06–0.35; <i>p</i> = 0.004), muscle strength index (ES: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.19–0.35; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and FFM (ES: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.11–0.34; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No significant changes were observed in FM (ES: 0.03; 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.35; <i>p</i> = 0.09) or body mass (ES: 0.09; 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.24; <i>p</i> = 0.22). The quality assessment revealed that five studies were of high quality, three were of low quality and three were of critically low quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HMB supplementation may benefit individuals experiencing muscular atrophy due to physiological conditions, particularly enhancing muscle mass and strength without significant changes in fat mass or body weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13671","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cut-Off Points for Low Relative 30-s Sit-to-Stand Power and Their Associations With Adverse Health Conditions 相对30岁坐立比低的分界点及其与不良健康状况的关系
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13676
Mikel Garcia-Aguirre, Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez, Julian Alcazar, Jose Losa-Reyna, Ana Alfaro-Acha, Ignacio Ara, Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas, Luis M. Alegre, Francisco J. Garcia-Garcia

Background

Despite muscle power derived from the 5-rep sit-to-stand (STS) test having been demonstrated to be a valuable biomarker in older individuals, there is limited information regarding muscle power derived from the 30-s STS test, a widely used test in the clinical setting. This study aimed (i) to compare relative 30-s STS power values between older men and women, (ii) to identify cut-off points for low relative 30-s STS power, (iii) to compare the prevalence of low relative STS power between sexes and (iv) to evaluate the association of low relative 30-s STS power with adverse conditions in older people.

Methods

A total of 1475 community-dwelling older adults (65–98 years; 45% men) from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging were included. Relative STS power was assessed using the 30-s STS test and the Alcazar's equation. Adverse health conditions considered encompassed frailty, depression, disability in basic (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), cognitive impairment and low habitual gait speed (HGS).

Results

Relative STS power decreased linearly at an average rate of 1.0% year−1 in men and 1.5% year−1 in women. The cut-off points for low relative STS power were 2.53 and 2.01 W·kg−1 for men and women, respectively. The prevalence of low relative STS power was significantly lower in older men compared with older women (43.5% vs. 50.0%, respectively; p = 0.005). In men, low relative STS power was associated with frailty (OR [95% CI] = 4.4 [2.4–8.0]), cognitive impairment (OR [95% CI] = 1.7 [1.0–2.7]), disability in BADL (OR [95% CI] = 4.5 [1.5–13.8]) and low HGS (OR [95% CI] = 3.4 [1.9–5.9]). In women, low relative STS power was associated with frailty (OR [95% CI] = 5.2 [3.5–7.7]), disability in BADL (OR [95% CI] = 4.3 [1.8–9.9]) and IADL (OR [95% CI] = 3.1 [2.2–4.3]) and low HGS (OR [95% CI] = 6.1 [2.8–13.1]). No associations were found between low relative STS power and disability in IADL or depression in men, nor between low relative STS power and cognitive impairment or depression in women.

Conclusion

Relative STS power decreased with increasing age in both men and women. The provided sex-specific cut-off points for low relative STS power using the 30-s STS test adequately identified older people with frailty and were associated with an increased risk of experiencing adverse conditions.

尽管从5次坐立(STS)测试中获得的肌肉力量已被证明是老年人中有价值的生物标志物,但关于从30秒STS测试中获得的肌肉力量的信息有限,这是一项在临床环境中广泛使用的测试。本研究旨在(i)比较老年男性和女性的相对30-s STS功率值,(ii)确定低相对30-s STS功率的分界点,(iii)比较低相对STS功率在性别之间的患病率,以及(iv)评估低相对30-s STS功率与老年人不利条件的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Reference Values of Handgrip and Lower Extremity Strength for Vietnamese Men and Women: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study 越南男性和女性握力和下肢力量的参考值:越南骨质疏松症研究
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13689
Kiet T. Do, Duy K. Hoang, Quan N. Luong, Huy G. Nguyen, An T. Do, Lan T. Ho-Pham, Tuan V. Nguyen

Background

Falls and sarcopenia are significant public health issues in Vietnam. Despite muscle strength being a critical predictor for these conditions, reference data on muscle strength within the Vietnamese population are lacking.

Purpose

To establish the reference ranges for muscle strength among Vietnamese individuals.

Methods

The study involved 4096 individuals, including 1419 men and 2677 women aged 18 years and above, from the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study. Muscle strength was assessed using a Baseline hand dynamometer for handgrip strength and a Back-Leg-Chest dynamometer for leg strength. We calculated mean values, standard deviations, interquartile ranges, and peak muscle strength (pMS) for both handgrip and leg strength across various ages. Reference curves were created with the Generalised Additive Model for Location Scale and Shape, and polynomial regression models were employed to analyse the relationship between muscle strength and age.

Results

Advancing age was significantly associated with lower muscle strength. Peak muscle strength typically occurred between ages 30 and 40, with earlier peaks in women, especially in leg strength. Men consistently showed higher muscle strength than women, with variations depending on the measurement site. Specifically, average handgrip strength was 36.4 kg ± 8.4 (mean ± SD) for men and 23.2 kg ± 6.0 for women (p < 0.001). Leg strength averaged 63.9 kg ± 27.2 for men and 29.5 kg ± 13.9 for women (p < 0.001). Additionally, we produced a percentile chart illustrating muscle weakness ranges based on the 25th percentile of muscle strength and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) for the Vietnamese population.

Conclusion

These data provide reference ranges for evaluating muscle strength in the Vietnamese population, offering crucial insights for identifying individuals at risk of falls or sarcopenia in clinical settings.

跌倒和肌肉减少症是越南重大的公共卫生问题。尽管肌肉力量是这些疾病的关键预测指标,但越南人口中肌肉力量的参考数据缺乏。
{"title":"Reference Values of Handgrip and Lower Extremity Strength for Vietnamese Men and Women: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study","authors":"Kiet T. Do,&nbsp;Duy K. Hoang,&nbsp;Quan N. Luong,&nbsp;Huy G. Nguyen,&nbsp;An T. Do,&nbsp;Lan T. Ho-Pham,&nbsp;Tuan V. Nguyen","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13689","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13689","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Falls and sarcopenia are significant public health issues in Vietnam. Despite muscle strength being a critical predictor for these conditions, reference data on muscle strength within the Vietnamese population are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish the reference ranges for muscle strength among Vietnamese individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study involved 4096 individuals, including 1419 men and 2677 women aged 18 years and above, from the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study. Muscle strength was assessed using a Baseline hand dynamometer for handgrip strength and a Back-Leg-Chest dynamometer for leg strength. We calculated mean values, standard deviations, interquartile ranges, and peak muscle strength (<i>p</i>MS) for both handgrip and leg strength across various ages. Reference curves were created with the Generalised Additive Model for Location Scale and Shape, and polynomial regression models were employed to analyse the relationship between muscle strength and age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Advancing age was significantly associated with lower muscle strength. Peak muscle strength typically occurred between ages 30 and 40, with earlier peaks in women, especially in leg strength. Men consistently showed higher muscle strength than women, with variations depending on the measurement site. Specifically, average handgrip strength was 36.4 kg ± 8.4 (mean ± SD) for men and 23.2 kg ± 6.0 for women (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Leg strength averaged 63.9 kg ± 27.2 for men and 29.5 kg ± 13.9 for women (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, we produced a percentile chart illustrating muscle weakness ranges based on the 25th percentile of muscle strength and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) for the Vietnamese population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These data provide reference ranges for evaluating muscle strength in the Vietnamese population, offering crucial insights for identifying individuals at risk of falls or sarcopenia in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142940199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iron Chelation Prevents Age-Related Skeletal Muscle Sarcopenia in Klotho Gene Mutant Mice, a Genetic Model of Aging 铁螯合可预防Klotho基因突变小鼠(衰老遗传模型)中与年龄相关的骨骼肌肌肉减少症
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13678
Chhanda Bose, Judit Megyesi, Oleg Karaduta, Sharda P. Singh, Sundararaman Swaminathan, Sudhir V. Shah
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>A decline in skeletal muscle mass and function known as skeletal muscle sarcopenia is an inevitable consequence of aging. Sarcopenia is a major cause of decreased muscle strength, physical frailty and increased muscle fatigability, contributing significantly to an increased risk of physical disability and functional dependence among the elderly. There remains a significant need for a novel therapy that can improve sarcopenia and related problems in aging. Iron accumulation, especially catalytic iron (labile iron) through increased oxidative stress, could be one of the contributing factors to sarcopenia. Our study aimed to examine the effect of an iron chelator on age-related sarcopenia in mice.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We investigated the effect of iron chelation (deferiprone, DFP) in sarcopenia, using mice with klotho deficiency (<i>kl/kl</i>), an established mouse model for aging. Four weeks old Klotho <sup>−/−</sup> male mice were treated with 25 mg/kg body weight of iron chelator deferiprone in drinking water for 8–14 weeks (<i>n</i> = 12/group, treated and untreated). At the end of the study, gastrocnemius, quadriceps and bicep muscles were dissected and used for western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis, histopathology and iron staining. Serum total iron, catalytic iron and cytokine ELISAs were performed with established methods.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Treatment with DFP significantly reduced loss of muscle mass in gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscles (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Total and catalytic iron content of serum and iron in muscles were significantly (both <i>p</i> < 0.0001) lower in the treated animals. The inhibitory factor of myogenesis, the myostatin protein in gastrocnemius muscles (<i>p</i> = 0.019) and serum (<i>p</i> = 0.003) were downregulated after 8 weeks of therapy accompanied by an increased in muscle contractile protein myosin heavy chain (~2.9 folds, <i>p</i> = 0.0004). Treatment decreased inflammation (serum IL6 and TNFα) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001, <i>p</i> = 0.005), respectively, and elevated insulin-like growth factor levels (<i>p</i> = 0.472). This was associated with reduced DNA damage and reduced 8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine in muscle and HO-1 protein (<i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>p</i> = 079), respectively. Significant weight loss (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and decreased water intake (<i>p</i> = 0.012) were observed in untreated mice compared to treatment group. Kaplan–Meier survival curves show the median life span of treated mice was 108 days as compared to 63 days for untreated mice (<i>p</i> = 0.0002).</p> </section>
骨骼肌质量和功能的下降被称为骨骼肌肌肉减少症,是衰老的必然结果。肌肉减少症是肌肉力量下降、身体虚弱和肌肉疲劳增加的主要原因,大大增加了老年人身体残疾和功能依赖的风险。仍然需要一种新的治疗方法来改善肌肉减少症和与衰老相关的问题。铁的积累,特别是通过氧化应激增加的催化铁(不稳定铁),可能是导致肌肉减少症的因素之一。我们的研究旨在研究铁螯合剂对小鼠年龄相关性肌肉减少症的影响。方法以衰老小鼠模型klotho缺乏症(kl/kl)为实验对象,研究铁螯合剂(DFP)对肌肉减少症的治疗作用。4周龄Klotho - / -雄性小鼠饮水中加入25 mg/kg体重的铁螯合剂去铁嘧啶,连续8-14周(每组12只,治疗组和未治疗组)。研究结束时,解剖腓肠肌、股四头肌和肱二头肌,进行western blot和免疫组化分析、组织病理学和铁染色。血清总铁、催化铁和细胞因子elisa采用既定方法。结果DFP治疗可显著减少腓肠肌和股四头肌肌肉质量损失(p <;0.0001)。血清总铁含量、催化铁含量和肌肉铁含量均显著高于对照组(p <;0.0001)更低。治疗8周后,肌生成抑制因子、腓肠肌肌生长抑制素蛋白(p = 0.019)和血清(p = 0.003)下调,肌肉收缩蛋白肌球蛋白重链增加(约2.9倍,p = 0.0004)。治疗降低炎症(血清il - 6和tnf - α) (p <;0.0001, p = 0.005),胰岛素样生长因子水平升高(p = 0.472)。这与减少DNA损伤和减少肌肉和HO - 1蛋白中的8 -羟基2脱氧鸟苷有关(p <;0.001, p = 079)。显著减肥(p <;与治疗组相比,未治疗组小鼠的饮水量减少(p = 0.012)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示,治疗小鼠的中位寿命为108天,而未治疗小鼠的中位寿命为63天(p = 0.0002)。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明,去铁素可减少Klotho - / -小鼠肌肉中与年龄相关的肌肉减少症。我们的发现表明螯合过量的铁可能是对抗肌肉减少症的有效疗法。然而,需要进一步的研究来评估和确定其对人类的功效。
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引用次数: 0
Adeno-Associated Virus 8 and 9 Myofibre Type/Size Tropism Profiling Reveals Therapeutic Effect of Microdystrophin in Canines 腺相关病毒8和9肌纤维类型/大小嗜性分析揭示微肌营养不良蛋白对犬的治疗作用
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13681
Matthew J. Burke, Braiden M. Blatt, James A. Teixeira, Dennis O. Pérez-López, Yongping Yue, Xiufang Pan, Chady H. Hakim, Gang Yao, Roland W. Herzog, Dongsheng Duan

Background

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) 8 and 9 are in clinical trials for treating neuromuscular diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Muscle consists of myofibres of different types and sizes. However, little is known about the fibre type and fibre size tropism of AAV in large mammals.

Methods

We evaluated fibre type- and size-specific transduction properties of AAV8 and AAV9 in 17 dogs that received systemic gene transfer (dose 1.94 ± 0.52 × 1014 vg/kg; injected at 2.86 ± 0.30 months; harvested at 20.79 ± 3.30 months). For AAV8, two DMD dogs and three carrier dogs received an alkaline phosphatase (AP) reporter vector, and five DMD dogs received a four-repeat microdystrophin (uDys) vector. For AAV9, one normal and one DMD dog received the AP vector, and five DMD dogs received a five-repeat uDys vector. Association between AAV transduction and the fibre type/size was studied in three muscles that showed mosaic transgene expression, including the biceps femoris, teres major and latissimus dorsi.

Results

Transgene expression was detected in 30%–45% of myofibres. In the AP reporter vector–injected dogs, neither AAV8 nor AAV9 showed a statistically significant fibre type preference. Interestingly, AP expression was enriched in smaller fibres. In uDys-treated DMD dogs, slow and fast myofibres were equally transduced. Notably, uDys-expressing myofibres were significantly larger than uDys-negative myofibres irrespective of the AAV serotype (p < 0.0001). In AAV8 uDys vector–injected dogs, the mini-Feret diameter was 15%, 16% and 23% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively; the cross-sectional area was 30%, 34% and 46% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively. In AAV9 uDys vector–injected dogs, the mini-Feret diameter was 12%, 13% and 25% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively; the cross-sectional area was 25%, 28% and 59% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively.

Conclusions

Our studies suggest that AAV8 and AAV9 transduce fast and slow myofibres at equivalent efficiency. Importantly, uDys therapy effectively prevented dystrophic myofibre atrophy. Our study provides important insight into systemic muscle AAV delivery in large mammals and supports further development of uDys gene therapy for DMD.

腺相关病毒(AAV) 8和9正在临床试验中,用于治疗神经肌肉疾病,如杜氏肌营养不良(DMD)。肌肉由不同类型和大小的肌纤维组成。然而,对大型哺乳动物AAV的纤维类型和纤维大小倾向性知之甚少。
{"title":"Adeno-Associated Virus 8 and 9 Myofibre Type/Size Tropism Profiling Reveals Therapeutic Effect of Microdystrophin in Canines","authors":"Matthew J. Burke,&nbsp;Braiden M. Blatt,&nbsp;James A. Teixeira,&nbsp;Dennis O. Pérez-López,&nbsp;Yongping Yue,&nbsp;Xiufang Pan,&nbsp;Chady H. Hakim,&nbsp;Gang Yao,&nbsp;Roland W. Herzog,&nbsp;Dongsheng Duan","doi":"10.1002/jcsm.13681","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcsm.13681","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adeno-associated virus (AAV) 8 and 9 are in clinical trials for treating neuromuscular diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Muscle consists of myofibres of different types and sizes. However, little is known about the fibre type and fibre size tropism of AAV in large mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated fibre type- and size-specific transduction properties of AAV8 and AAV9 in 17 dogs that received systemic gene transfer (dose 1.94 ± 0.52 × 10<sup>14</sup> vg/kg; injected at 2.86 ± 0.30 months; harvested at 20.79 ± 3.30 months). For AAV8, two DMD dogs and three carrier dogs received an alkaline phosphatase (AP) reporter vector, and five DMD dogs received a four-repeat microdystrophin (uDys) vector. For AAV9, one normal and one DMD dog received the AP vector, and five DMD dogs received a five-repeat uDys vector. Association between AAV transduction and the fibre type/size was studied in three muscles that showed mosaic transgene expression, including the biceps femoris, teres major and latissimus dorsi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transgene expression was detected in 30%–45% of myofibres. In the AP reporter vector–injected dogs, neither AAV8 nor AAV9 showed a statistically significant fibre type preference. Interestingly, AP expression was enriched in smaller fibres. In uDys-treated DMD dogs, slow and fast myofibres were equally transduced. Notably, uDys-expressing myofibres were significantly larger than uDys-negative myofibres irrespective of the AAV serotype (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). In AAV8 uDys vector–injected dogs, the mini-Feret diameter was 15%, 16% and 23% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively; the cross-sectional area was 30%, 34% and 46% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively. In AAV9 uDys vector–injected dogs, the mini-Feret diameter was 12%, 13% and 25% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively; the cross-sectional area was 25%, 28% and 59% larger in uDys-positive slow, fast and hybrid fibres, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our studies suggest that AAV8 and AAV9 transduce fast and slow myofibres at equivalent efficiency. Importantly, uDys therapy effectively prevented dystrophic myofibre atrophy. Our study provides important insight into systemic muscle AAV delivery in large mammals and supports further development of uDys gene therapy for DMD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcsm.13681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142940357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large Variations in Phenylalanine Concentrations Associate Adverse Cardiac Remodelling in Adult Patients With Phenylketonuria—A Long-Term CMR Study 苯丙氨酸浓度的巨大变化与苯丙酮尿成年患者不良心脏重构相关——一项长期CMR研究
IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13667
Radu Tanacli, Patrick Doeblin, Alessandro Faragli, Jan-Hendrik Hassel, Christian Stehning, Ursula Plöckinger, Athanasia Ziagaki, Sebastian Kelle
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Despite a phenylalanine (Phe) restrictive diet, most adult patients with ‘classical’ phenylketonuria (PKU) maintain life-long Phe concentrations above the normal range and receive tyrosine (Tyr) and protein-enriched diets to maintain acceptable concentrations and ensure normal development. While these interventions are highly successful in preventing adverse neuropsychiatric complications, their long- term consequences are incompletely explored. We observed early cardiomyopathic characteristics and associated hemodynamic changes in adult PKU patients and present here the results of a longitudinal evaluation of cardiac phenotype.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Fifteen adult patients with PKU (age: 39.8 ± 8.1 years, 9 males and 6 females) underwent a comprehensive follow-up cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging assessment after a mean follow-up interval of 8.3 ± 0.3 years from the initial baseline visit. The CMR protocol included left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular and left atrial (LA) volumetric assessment, LV parametric mapping (precontrast and postcontrast T1 and T2 maps, extracellular volume [ECV]), multilayer LV myocardial strain, systolic and diastolic hemodynamic forces and RV and LA strain and aortic distensibility evaluation. Plasma concentrations of Phe, tyrosine (Tyr) and other biochemical markers of disease were retrospectively collected. For comparison, a group of 20 matched control subjects undergoing an identical CMR protocol was included.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>On average, the LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) (158 ± 29 vs. 143 ± 29 mL, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and end-systolic volume (ESV) (68 ± 18 vs. 62 ± 18 mL, <i>p</i> = 0.011) were lower at follow-up. In contrast, LV mass (LVM) (72 ± 25 vs. 82 ± 29 g, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and the ratio LVM/EDV (0.46 ± 0.12 vs. 0.58 ± 0.23 g/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.005) were increased, and T1 times were longer (940 ± 42 vs. 1010 ± 35 ms, <i>p</i> < 0.001). LV EF (57 ± 6 vs. 57 ± 7%, <i>p</i> = 0.90), longitudinal (GLS) and circumferential (GCS) systolic strain remained unchanged, but early diastolic hemodynamic (HD) forces were more markedly negative (−19.4 ± 7.0 vs. −26.5 ± 12.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.012), while LA strain 43.8 ± 11.3 vs. 37.3 ± 9.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.031) and aortic distensibility (6.38 ± 1.75 vs. 5.21 ± 1.17 10<sup>−3</sup> mmHg<sup>−1</sup>, <i>p</i> = 0.008) decreased at follow-up. Compared with controls, PKU patients maintain reduced systolic function with lower LV EF and impaired GCS and have more markedly negative early diastolic HD pressures. A higher decrease in Phe concentration (ΔPhe) was associated with longer T1
背景:尽管采用苯丙氨酸(Phe)限制性饮食,大多数“经典”苯丙酮尿症(PKU)的成年患者终生将苯丙氨酸(Phe)浓度维持在正常范围以上,并接受酪氨酸(Tyr)和富含蛋白质的饮食以维持可接受的浓度并确保正常发育。虽然这些干预措施在预防不良的神经精神并发症方面非常成功,但其长期后果尚未完全探索。我们观察了成年PKU患者的早期心肌病特征和相关的血流动力学变化,并在此提出了心脏表型的纵向评估结果。方法对15例成年PKU患者(年龄:39.8±8.1岁,男9例,女6例)进行了全面的心脏磁共振(CMR)成像随访,平均随访时间为8.3±0.3年。CMR方案包括左(LV)和右(RV)心室和左心房(LA)容量评估,左室参数制图(对比前和对比后T1和T2图,细胞外体积[ECV]),多层左室心肌应变,收缩和舒张血流动力学力以及左室和左室应变和主动脉扩张性评估。回顾性收集Phe、酪氨酸(Tyr)及其他疾病生化指标的血浆浓度。为了进行比较,包括一组20名匹配的对照组,接受相同的CMR方案。结果随访时左室舒张末期容积(EDV)(158±29比143±29 mL, p = 0.013)和收缩期末期容积(ESV)(68±18比62±18 mL, p = 0.011)均低于对照组。相比之下,左室质量(LVM)(72±25 vs 82±29 g, p <;LVM/EDV比值(0.46±0.12比0.58±0.23 g/mL, p = 0.005)升高,T1时间延长(940±42比1010±35 ms, p <;0.001)。左室EF(57±6比57±7%,p = 0.90),纵向(GLS)和周向(GCS)收缩应变保持不变,但早期舒张血流动力学(HD)力更明显为负(- 19.4±7.0比- 26.5±12.2%,p = 0.012),而LA应变(43.8±11.3比37.3±9.6%,p = 0.031)和主动脉扩张(6.38±1.75比5.21±1.17 10−3 mmHg−1,p = 0.008)在随访中下降。与对照组相比,PKU患者的收缩期功能降低,左室EF降低,GCS受损,早期舒张期HD压明显为负。Phe浓度下降越高(ΔPhe), T1时间越长,ΔT1 (β = - 0.78, p <;0.001), ECV升高ΔECV (β = - 0.61, p = 0.016),收缩功能降低ΔEF (β = 0.61, p = 0.017)。相反,Tyr浓度的变化不影响心脏表型。结论在长期随访中,PKU患者血浆Phe浓度的显著下降与左室收缩功能下降和弥漫性纤维化增加等有害心脏重构相关。这些新数据提示进一步研究大Phe变异性随时间的影响,并强调对PKU成人患者进行定期心血管评估的有效性。
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Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle
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