Pub Date : 2022-11-05DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09531-x
R. Jalonen, R. Ziegert, H. Lamers, N. Hegde
{"title":"From Within and Without: Gender, Agency and Sustainable Management of Non-Timber Forest Products in Two Indian States","authors":"R. Jalonen, R. Ziegert, H. Lamers, N. Hegde","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09531-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09531-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"323-349"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42080230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hani H Al-Baadani, Rashed A Alhotan, Abdulaziz A Al-Abdullatif, Ibrahim A Alhidary, Abdulrahman S Alharthi, Saud I Al-Mufarrej, Maged A Al-Garadi, Mohammed M Qaid, Ahmed A Al-Sagan, Khalid E Ibrahim, Mahmoud M Azzam
Gum Arabic (GA) belongs to the Fabaceae family and contains indigestible soluble fibers (80-85%) that could be fermented by commensal bacteria to enhance performance, immune response, and intestinal integrity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GA on performance, serum biochemical indicators, microbiota, immune-related gene expression, and histological changes in chickens. Six GA levels (0.0, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0%) were allocated using a total of 432 1-day-old male chickens (12 replicates with 6 chickens each). Growth performance was evaluated on days 10 and 24 of age. Blood parameters, organ pH levels, and intestinal health were determined on day 10 of age. Results showed that GA at 0.12% increased weight gain and 0.12 to 1.0% decreased feed intake but was best in feed conversion ratio and production efficiency except for 1.0% on day 1-10 of age. There was an increase in the thymus weight at GA level 0.25 to 0.75%. GA decreased the pH value of the proventriculus (at 0.50 and 1.0%) as well as the duodenum and cecum (at 0.12 and 1.0%). Chickens fed GA between 0.25 to 1.0% had higher protein and HDL, but lower cholesterol, LDL, and creatinine. Globulin was increased at 0.50% GA, while glucose and triglycerides were decreased (at 0.25 and 0.75% GA, respectively). The immune-related gene expression was reduced, except for 0.25% GA, which increased IL-10. Furthermore, chickens fed GA (0.25 to 0.75%) had higher Lactobacillus spp. and lower Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli. When chickens received GA, the villus length and length to crypt ratio were higher, which also improved the integrity of intestinal epithelial cells and early duodenal development. We conclude that using GA (0.25 to 0.75%) as a natural prebiotic positively affects the performance, microbiota, immune response, morphology, and gut health of post-hatched chickens. More studies are needed to determine the potential mechanism of GA on broiler chickens.
阿拉伯树胶（GA）属于豆科植物，含有难以消化的可溶性纤维（80-85%），可被共生菌发酵，从而提高鸡的生产性能、免疫反应和肠道完整性。本研究旨在探讨 GA 对鸡的生产性能、血清生化指标、微生物群、免疫相关基因表达和组织学变化的影响。本研究共使用了 432 只 1 日龄雄鸡（12 个重复，每个重复 6 只鸡），分配了六个 GA 水平（0.0%、0.12%、0.25%、0.5%、0.75%、1.0%）。第 10 天和第 24 天对生长性能进行评估。第 10 日龄测定血液参数、器官 pH 值和肠道健康状况。结果表明，0.12%的GA能提高增重，0.12%至1.0%的GA能降低采食量，但除了1.0%的GA在1-10日龄的饲料转化率和生产效率最好外，其他GA的饲料转化率和生产效率都最好。GA水平为0.25%至0.75%时，胸腺重量增加。GA 降低了胃窦（0.50% 和 1.0%）以及十二指肠和盲肠（0.12% 和 1.0%）的 pH 值。饲喂 0.25% 至 1.0% GA 的鸡蛋白质和高密度脂蛋白含量较高，但胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和肌酐含量较低。0.50% GA 的球蛋白增加，而葡萄糖和甘油三酯降低（分别为 0.25% 和 0.75% GA）。免疫相关基因的表达量减少，只有 0.25% 的 GA 增加了 IL-10。此外，饲喂 GA（0.25% 至 0.75%）的鸡的乳酸杆菌属较高，沙门氏菌属和大肠杆菌较低。饲喂 GA 的鸡的绒毛长度和长度与隐窝的比率都较高，这也改善了肠上皮细胞的完整性和十二指肠的早期发育。我们的结论是，使用 GA（0.25% 至 0.75%）作为天然益生元对孵化后鸡的生产性能、微生物群、免疫反应、形态和肠道健康有积极影响。要确定 GA 对肉鸡的潜在作用机制，还需要进行更多的研究。
{"title":"The Effect of Gum Arabic Supplementation on Growth Performance, Blood Indicators, Immune Response, Cecal Microbiota, and the Duodenal Morphology of Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Hani H Al-Baadani, Rashed A Alhotan, Abdulaziz A Al-Abdullatif, Ibrahim A Alhidary, Abdulrahman S Alharthi, Saud I Al-Mufarrej, Maged A Al-Garadi, Mohammed M Qaid, Ahmed A Al-Sagan, Khalid E Ibrahim, Mahmoud M Azzam","doi":"10.3390/ani12202809","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani12202809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gum Arabic (GA) belongs to the Fabaceae family and contains indigestible soluble fibers (80-85%) that could be fermented by commensal bacteria to enhance performance, immune response, and intestinal integrity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GA on performance, serum biochemical indicators, microbiota, immune-related gene expression, and histological changes in chickens. Six GA levels (0.0, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0%) were allocated using a total of 432 1-day-old male chickens (12 replicates with 6 chickens each). Growth performance was evaluated on days 10 and 24 of age. Blood parameters, organ pH levels, and intestinal health were determined on day 10 of age. Results showed that GA at 0.12% increased weight gain and 0.12 to 1.0% decreased feed intake but was best in feed conversion ratio and production efficiency except for 1.0% on day 1-10 of age. There was an increase in the thymus weight at GA level 0.25 to 0.75%. GA decreased the pH value of the proventriculus (at 0.50 and 1.0%) as well as the duodenum and cecum (at 0.12 and 1.0%). Chickens fed GA between 0.25 to 1.0% had higher protein and HDL, but lower cholesterol, LDL, and creatinine. Globulin was increased at 0.50% GA, while glucose and triglycerides were decreased (at 0.25 and 0.75% GA, respectively). The immune-related gene expression was reduced, except for 0.25% GA, which increased IL-10. Furthermore, chickens fed GA (0.25 to 0.75%) had higher <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. and lower <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. When chickens received GA, the villus length and length to crypt ratio were higher, which also improved the integrity of intestinal epithelial cells and early duodenal development. We conclude that using GA (0.25 to 0.75%) as a natural prebiotic positively affects the performance, microbiota, immune response, morphology, and gut health of post-hatched chickens. More studies are needed to determine the potential mechanism of GA on broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9597837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74306528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09532-w
J. Vanclay, N. Gregorio, J. Herbohn
{"title":"Competition in a Mixed-Species Planting with Four Contrasting Tree Species","authors":"J. Vanclay, N. Gregorio, J. Herbohn","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09532-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09532-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"351-369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46138629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09533-9
Meike Siegner, R. Kozak, R. Panwar
{"title":"The Effect of Managers’ Personal Characteristics on the Performance of Community Forest Enterprises","authors":"Meike Siegner, R. Kozak, R. Panwar","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09533-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09533-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"381 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47507660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09529-5
B. Butler, S. Butler, Kristin M. Floress
{"title":"Studies of Family Forest Owners in the USA: A Systematic Review of Literature from 2000 through 2019","authors":"B. Butler, S. Butler, Kristin M. Floress","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09529-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09529-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48329341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-18DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09526-8
J. Schweier, Marc Werder, L. Bont
{"title":"Timber Provision on Soft Soils in Forests Providing Protection Against Natural Hazards: A Productivity and Cost Analysis Using the Koller 507 in the Horizontal Yarding Direction in Switzerland","authors":"J. Schweier, Marc Werder, L. Bont","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09526-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09526-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"271 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44983922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09528-6
Hanna Muttilainen, V. Hallikainen, J. Miina, Juha Vornanen, H. Vanhanen
{"title":"Forest Owners’ Perspectives Concerning Non-Timber Forest Products, Everyman’s Rights, and Organic Certification of Forests in Eastern Finland","authors":"Hanna Muttilainen, V. Hallikainen, J. Miina, Juha Vornanen, H. Vanhanen","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09528-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09528-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"28 22","pages":"69-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41249577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-08DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09527-7
S. Suresh Ramanan, Ayyanadar Arunachalam, A. Handa
{"title":"Timber Production Potential of Trees on Farmlands","authors":"S. Suresh Ramanan, Ayyanadar Arunachalam, A. Handa","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09527-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09527-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"371-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41450892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09525-9
S. Rahayu, D. Laraswati, D. Permadi, M. Sahide, A. Maryudi
{"title":"Only a Noise? The Role of Non-governmental Organizations in the Policy Processes of a New Social Forestry Model in Indonesia","authors":"S. Rahayu, D. Laraswati, D. Permadi, M. Sahide, A. Maryudi","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09525-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09525-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"22 1","pages":"253 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41536347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-10DOI: 10.1007/s11842-022-09511-1
L. Ota, T. Page, Rexon Viranamangga, Toufau Kalsakau, J. Herbohn
{"title":"How financially viable is smallholder forestry? A case study with a high-value tropical forestry species","authors":"L. Ota, T. Page, Rexon Viranamangga, Toufau Kalsakau, J. Herbohn","doi":"10.1007/s11842-022-09511-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-022-09511-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48983,"journal":{"name":"Small-Scale Forestry","volume":"21 1","pages":"505 - 525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52712520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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