Pediatric Physical Therapy最新文献

Purpose: To summarize and appraise the emerging evidence on early motor skills of infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the association of early motor delays to later ASD diagnosis/characteristics.

Methods: A literature search was conducted for studies published from 2000 to 2023 on the motor skills of infants later diagnosed with ASD, followed by screening and data extraction.

Results: Current evidence suggested presence of early motor deficits including poor anticipatory movements, postural control, and gross/fine motor skills during the first 2 years of ASD. However, there was variability among studies with regard to study sample and methodology.

Conclusion: Although motor deficits are evident in infants, it is unclear whether these are specific to ASD or a consequence of general developmental disorder. Future research is needed on the investigation of specificity and severity of early motor delays, which can potentially assist in early identification of ASD.

Purpose: To characterize beliefs of pediatric physical therapists (PTs) in the United States regarding the role of crawling in infant development and clinical practice.

Methods: Pediatric PTs reported their beliefs about early mobility and crawling, clinical approaches related to early mobility and crawling, and agreement with the removal of crawling from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s updated developmental milestone checklists in an online survey. Analyses examined associations between information sources and beliefs, between beliefs and clinical approaches, and between beliefs and CDC update opinions.

Results: Most participants believed that crawling was important (92%) and linked to a variety of positive developmental outcomes (71%-99%) and disagreed with its removal from the CDC checklists (79%). Beliefs were linked with clinical approaches focused on promoting crawling and discouraging other forms of mobility.

Conclusions: Further research is needed to determine whether pediatric PTs' beliefs and clinical practices are supported by evidence.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the agreement between Gross Motor Ability Estimator-2 (GMAE-2) and Gross Motor Ability Estimator-3 (GMAE-3) calculations of Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) scores in infants and young children with cerebral palsy.

Methods: Data from 53 children 5 to 53 months of age were analyzed. Agreement between GMFM-66 scores using the GMAE-2 and the GMAE-3 was calculated using Bland-Altman plots and interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Eleven participants who had at least 1 GMFM-66 score of less than 25 using either method were identified for further analysis.

Results: The average difference between GMFM-66 scores was 0.27 for all participants and 0.63 for the subset of lower-scoring participants. Good agreement was found for GMFM-66 scores for all participants (ICC = 0.998) and for subset of lower-scoring participants (ICC = 0.879).

Conclusions: High levels of agreement exist between the GMAE-2 and the GMAE-3, which suggests that scores are comparable using either algorithm.

Purpose: The purposes of this case report were to (1) highlight the use and efficacy of the Tubular Orthosis for Torticollis (TOT) Collar in a prolonged and complex episode of care for an infant with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and (2) describe an infant with CMT receiving a physical therapy episode of care interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to use of supplemental interventions.

Summary of key points: The patient presented was an infant with CMT who received physical therapy treatment, including the TOT Collar, to resolve all symptoms.

Statement of conclusions: The TOT Collar helped achieve midline head position after all treatment options were exhausted at the end of a lengthy episode of care impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Recommendation for clinical practice: The TOT Collar may be an appropriate supplemental intervention choice for infants with CMT whose symptoms do not resolve with first-choice interventions.

Purpose: To explore the influence of preterm birth on parental beliefs about gross motor development and parents' supportive role in infants' motor development.

Methods: Prospective cohort study: Parents of infants born very preterm (VPT) (gestation ≤32 weeks, birth weight <1500 g, without perinatal complications) and parents of healthy infants born full-term (FT) completed the Parental Beliefs on Motor Development questionnaire.

Results: Questionnaires from 37 parents of infants born VPT, aged 3.5 to 7.5 months (corrected), and 110 parents of infants born FT, aged 3.5 months, were analyzed. Parents of infants born VPT believed stimulating motor development to be more important than parents of infants born FT (F = 5.22; P = .024; ηp2 = 0.035). Most parents of infants born VPT (82.4%) and FT (85.2%) acknowledged their role in supporting motor development. More parents of infants born VPT (41.2% vs 12.0%) believed they should follow their infant's natural developmental pace.

Conclusion: Knowledge of parental beliefs and parents' supporting role in motor development is relevant for tailoring pediatric physiotherapists' interventions with families.