Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1318
Renan Borgiani, M. T. Grombone-Guaratini, Betânia da Cunha Vargas, Amanda E Martins, M. G. Camargo, L. Morellato
Abstract: Cerrado remnants can hold an important diversity of plant species of environmental and ecological relevance. We presented a checklist of vascular plants based on 12 years of inventory carried out in 36 plots (10 m x 2 m; 0.18 ha in total) and during unsystematic walks in a remnant area of cerrado sensu stricto located at Itirapina municipality, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The list comprised 195 plant species, corresponding to 54 families and 131 genera. The richest families were Fabaceae (25 species), Asteraceae (16), Myrtaceae (16), Rubiaceae (11), Bignoniaceae and Malpighiaceae (10 each), Melastomataceae (9), and Erythroxylaceae, Sapindaceae and Annonaceae (6). Predominant life forms included shrubs and trees, with 68% of the species, followed by lianas with 12%, sub-shrub and herbs with 10% each. Bees were the dominant pollinators (67,5%) and the majority of species had seeds dispersed by animals (56.8%), mostly by birds, followed by wind (33.3%) and self-dispersed (11.2%). More than 60% of the total species were classified as “typical” Cerrado species. Bowdichia virgilioides was the only species classified as Near Threatened (NT) and 157 were regarded as Data Deficient (DD). Our dataset provides floristic, structural, and ecological information for one of the targeted areas for Cerrado survey at São Paulo state, contributing to the understanding of diversity patterns and future conservation and restoration actions in this threatened hotspot.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:塞拉多遗存具有重要的环境和生态意义。我们提出了一份维管植物清单，该清单基于12年来在36个地块(10 m x 2 m;在巴西东南部圣保罗州伊蒂拉皮纳市的塞拉多森苏斯特里托(cerrado sensu stricto)残余地区的非系统散步中。该名单包括195种植物，对应于54科131属。植物种类最多的科为豆科(25种)、菊科(16种)、桃金桃科(16种)、茜草科(11种)、大戟科和麻瓜科(各10种)、野牡丹科(9种)、红木科、皂荚科和皂荚科(6种)。植物种类以灌木和乔木为主，占68%，藤本植物次之，占12%，亚灌木和草本植物各占10%。蜜蜂是主要传粉媒介(67.5%)，大多数物种的种子通过动物传播(56.8%)，其次是鸟类，其次是风传播(33.3%)和自传播(11.2%)。超过60%的物种被归类为“典型”塞拉多物种。近危种属(NT)只有维吉利鲍丁属(Bowdichia virgilioides)，数据不足种属(DD)有157种。我们的数据集提供了圣保罗州Cerrado调查的一个目标区域的植物区系、结构和生态信息，有助于了解这一受威胁的热点地区的多样性模式和未来的保护和恢复行动。
{"title":"Floristic composition, pollination and seed-dispersal systems in a target cerrado conservation area","authors":"Renan Borgiani, M. T. Grombone-Guaratini, Betânia da Cunha Vargas, Amanda E Martins, M. G. Camargo, L. Morellato","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1318","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cerrado remnants can hold an important diversity of plant species of environmental and ecological relevance. We presented a checklist of vascular plants based on 12 years of inventory carried out in 36 plots (10 m x 2 m; 0.18 ha in total) and during unsystematic walks in a remnant area of cerrado sensu stricto located at Itirapina municipality, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. The list comprised 195 plant species, corresponding to 54 families and 131 genera. The richest families were Fabaceae (25 species), Asteraceae (16), Myrtaceae (16), Rubiaceae (11), Bignoniaceae and Malpighiaceae (10 each), Melastomataceae (9), and Erythroxylaceae, Sapindaceae and Annonaceae (6). Predominant life forms included shrubs and trees, with 68% of the species, followed by lianas with 12%, sub-shrub and herbs with 10% each. Bees were the dominant pollinators (67,5%) and the majority of species had seeds dispersed by animals (56.8%), mostly by birds, followed by wind (33.3%) and self-dispersed (11.2%). More than 60% of the total species were classified as “typical” Cerrado species. Bowdichia virgilioides was the only species classified as Near Threatened (NT) and 157 were regarded as Data Deficient (DD). Our dataset provides floristic, structural, and ecological information for one of the targeted areas for Cerrado survey at São Paulo state, contributing to the understanding of diversity patterns and future conservation and restoration actions in this threatened hotspot.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90387228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1370
Surama Pereira, Bruna Stefane da Silva Santos, F. K. Ubaid
Abstract The Hooded Gnateater Conopophaga roberti Hellmayr, 1905 is an insectivorous understory passeriform with discrete behavior, whose reproductive attributes are poorly-known. In the present study, we describe the reproductive biology of the species and the growth pattern of the nestlings, based on observations conducted in remnants of the Cerrado savanna in eastern Maranhão state, in Brazil. The nests were identified during active searches conducted between June, 2018 and March, 2021. A total of 22 nests were found over the course of three breeding seasons. The cup-shaped nests were supported by small branches and were constructed at a mean height of 40.6 ± 16.1 cm (N = 21) above the ground. The nests were 23.1 ± 3.9 cm in length and 14.1 ± 1.6 cm in width (N = 21). The eggs were beige in color, with irregular brown mottling only at the rounded end of the egg, which had a mean length of 21.3 ± 0.8 mm, width of 17.2 ± 0.8 mm, and mass of 3.1 ± 0.1 g (N = 23). Hatchlings are completely naked and weigh 3.1 ± 0.2 g (N = 7), and when they abandon the nest, they have yet to reach full adult size, with the total length being 65.4% of that of the adult, the wing, 65.4%, the head, 73.9%, the culmen, 74.2%, the body mass, 73.3%, and the tarsus, 89.0% that of the adult. The growth curves are sigmoidal and all the coefficients of determination are at least 0.96, with the body length having the highest value (R2 = 0.98). During the breeding season, the adult pair emitted alarm calls constantly when observers were in the vicinity of the nest. On a number of occasions, members of the breeding pair were observed moving away from the nest as it was approached by observers, while engaging in broken-wing display. The nest architecture, the color of the eggs, and the behaviors presented by this gnateater were similar to those described for other Conopophaga. With this work we contributed to improve the knowledge on the breeding behavior of this poorly know group of understory insectivorous birds.
摘要:兜蚊(Conopophaga roberti Hellmayr, 1905)是一种行为离散的食虫林下虫形，其繁殖特性尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们描述了该物种的生殖生物学和雏鸟的生长模式，基于在巴西马拉南州东部塞拉多稀树草原的残余进行的观察。这些巢穴是在2018年6月至2021年3月期间进行的积极搜索中发现的。在三个繁殖季节中，总共发现了22个巢穴。巢形呈杯状，由小树枝支撑，离地平均高度40.6±16.1 cm (N = 21)。巢长23.1±3.9 cm，宽14.1±1.6 cm (N = 21)。卵呈米黄色，仅卵圆端有不规则的褐色斑纹，平均长21.3±0.8 mm，宽17.2±0.8 mm，质量3.1±0.1 g (N = 23)。雏鸟全身裸露，体重3.1±0.2 g (N = 7)，离巢时尚未达到成虫体型，体长为成虫的65.4%，翅膀为65.4%，头部为73.9%，鼻梁为74.2%，体重为73.3%，跗骨为成虫的89.0%。生长曲线呈s型曲线，各决定系数均≥0.96，体长最高(R2 = 0.98)。在繁殖季节，当观察者在鸟巢附近时，成年的一对会不断发出警报。在很多情况下，当观察者接近鸟巢时，繁殖对中的成员会离开鸟巢，同时进行折断翅膀的表演。巢的结构、蛋的颜色和这种食虫的行为都与其他食虫相似。通过这项工作，我们有助于提高对这一鲜为人知的林下食虫鸟类群体的繁殖行为的认识。
{"title":"Breeding biology of Hooded Gnateater Conopophaga roberti Hellmayr, 1905 (Aves: Conopophagidae)","authors":"Surama Pereira, Bruna Stefane da Silva Santos, F. K. Ubaid","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1370","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Hooded Gnateater Conopophaga roberti Hellmayr, 1905 is an insectivorous understory passeriform with discrete behavior, whose reproductive attributes are poorly-known. In the present study, we describe the reproductive biology of the species and the growth pattern of the nestlings, based on observations conducted in remnants of the Cerrado savanna in eastern Maranhão state, in Brazil. The nests were identified during active searches conducted between June, 2018 and March, 2021. A total of 22 nests were found over the course of three breeding seasons. The cup-shaped nests were supported by small branches and were constructed at a mean height of 40.6 ± 16.1 cm (N = 21) above the ground. The nests were 23.1 ± 3.9 cm in length and 14.1 ± 1.6 cm in width (N = 21). The eggs were beige in color, with irregular brown mottling only at the rounded end of the egg, which had a mean length of 21.3 ± 0.8 mm, width of 17.2 ± 0.8 mm, and mass of 3.1 ± 0.1 g (N = 23). Hatchlings are completely naked and weigh 3.1 ± 0.2 g (N = 7), and when they abandon the nest, they have yet to reach full adult size, with the total length being 65.4% of that of the adult, the wing, 65.4%, the head, 73.9%, the culmen, 74.2%, the body mass, 73.3%, and the tarsus, 89.0% that of the adult. The growth curves are sigmoidal and all the coefficients of determination are at least 0.96, with the body length having the highest value (R2 = 0.98). During the breeding season, the adult pair emitted alarm calls constantly when observers were in the vicinity of the nest. On a number of occasions, members of the breeding pair were observed moving away from the nest as it was approached by observers, while engaging in broken-wing display. The nest architecture, the color of the eggs, and the behaviors presented by this gnateater were similar to those described for other Conopophaga. With this work we contributed to improve the knowledge on the breeding behavior of this poorly know group of understory insectivorous birds.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90399761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1145
Luciana Vicente-Silva, G. P. Faggioni, G. Paggi
Abstract: Information on distribution, number of populations, and biotic interactions are essential for assessing the threat status of species and to establish more effective conservation initiatives. Ecological niche modeling have been successfully applied to identify the potential distribution, even for rare species that have few recorded occurrence points. In this study, we evaluated the potential distribution and additionally generated the first data on the reproductive biology of Discocactus ferricola, due to its degree of threat and the absence of ecological data for that species. The potential distribution map highlighted areas with higher probability of occurrence of D. ferricola on the Residual Plateau of Maciço do Urucum located in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The occurrence of D. ferricola populations was limited to outcrops of flat ironstone (cangas) distributed in patches across the landscape, increasing the chances of serious threats, such as habitat loss due to mining and species extraction. We also found that D. ferricola is xenogamous. Therefore, in situ conservation actions must prioritize the maintenance of interactions with pollinators by preserving the flora and fauna of rocky outcrops and adjacent forests in areas of greater environmental suitability for D. ferricola. Our study highlights the use of ecological niche modeling and data on biotic interactions to evaluate species potential distribution, to guide new sampling efforts, and to assist conservation and management initiatives.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:了解物种的分布、种群数量和生物相互作用对评估物种的威胁状况和制定更有效的保护措施至关重要。生态位模型已成功地应用于确定潜在分布，甚至对很少有记录的稀有物种也是如此。本研究对铁盘果的潜在分布进行了评估，并首次获得了铁盘果的生殖生物学数据，这是由于该物种的威胁程度和生态数据的缺乏。潜在分布图突出了巴西南马托格罗索州maci do Urucum残余高原上铁裂菌发生概率较高的区域。ferricola种群的发生仅限于分布在斑块状的扁平铁石(canas)的露头，增加了因采矿和物种提取导致的栖息地丧失等严重威胁的可能性。我们还发现D. ferricola是异种通婚的。因此，就地保护行动必须优先考虑维持与传粉者的相互作用，在环境更适合铁裂菌生长的地区，保护岩石露头和邻近森林的动植物群。我们的研究强调利用生态位模型和生物相互作用的数据来评估物种的潜在分布，指导新的采样工作，并协助保护和管理举措。
{"title":"Predicting potential distribution and evaluating biotic interactions of threatened species: a case study of Discocactus ferricola (Cactaceae)","authors":"Luciana Vicente-Silva, G. P. Faggioni, G. Paggi","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1145","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Information on distribution, number of populations, and biotic interactions are essential for assessing the threat status of species and to establish more effective conservation initiatives. Ecological niche modeling have been successfully applied to identify the potential distribution, even for rare species that have few recorded occurrence points. In this study, we evaluated the potential distribution and additionally generated the first data on the reproductive biology of Discocactus ferricola, due to its degree of threat and the absence of ecological data for that species. The potential distribution map highlighted areas with higher probability of occurrence of D. ferricola on the Residual Plateau of Maciço do Urucum located in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The occurrence of D. ferricola populations was limited to outcrops of flat ironstone (cangas) distributed in patches across the landscape, increasing the chances of serious threats, such as habitat loss due to mining and species extraction. We also found that D. ferricola is xenogamous. Therefore, in situ conservation actions must prioritize the maintenance of interactions with pollinators by preserving the flora and fauna of rocky outcrops and adjacent forests in areas of greater environmental suitability for D. ferricola. Our study highlights the use of ecological niche modeling and data on biotic interactions to evaluate species potential distribution, to guide new sampling efforts, and to assist conservation and management initiatives.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82109236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1261
Marcela Pônzio, Vinicius Alberici, N. Pasqualotto, R. Paolino, T. Rodrigues, Adriano Garcia Chiarello
Abstract: The Cerrado has been severely impacted by anthropogenic disturbances, with a tiny proportion of its original extent remaining in its southern portions. In the state of São Paulo, only 7% of this vegetation remains and relatively little is known about the biodiversity of these fragments. To fill this knowledge gap, we inventoried medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals of a neglected region, including a sustainable use protected area, Cajuru State Forest (CSF), adjacent native vegetation remnants protected by the Native Vegetation Protection Law and owned by a paper and cellulose company (Dois Córregos Farm; DCF), and their surroundings. We recorded 20 native mammal species, five of which are endangered with extinction, including the giant anteater, puma, and maned wolf. We found no significant differences in species richness between CSF and DCF but we found higher estimated species richness for the surrounding areas. Besides encompassing a larger and more heterogeneous area, the surrounding area still has a relatively high proportion (>30%) of native vegetation, providing habitat and resources for many species. The estimated mammal species richness for the entire study area was similar to that found in the largest protected area of the Cerrado in São Paulo State, the Jataí Ecological Station and its surroundings. We conclude that our study area still harbors a relatively rich community of large mammals and is important for the conservation of endangered species. This finding is particularly timing since the current State administration is considering to transfer the economic exploitation of CSF to the private sector. We therefore endorse an existing proposal to uplist this protected area, which still lacks a management plan, to a more restricted management category. Besides actions regarding this governmental PA, we argue that it is also important to involve the private sector in a conservation plan for the region.
{"title":"Mammals of Cajuru State Forest and surroundings: a neglected but important Protected Area for the Cerrado conservation in the São Paulo state, Brazil","authors":"Marcela Pônzio, Vinicius Alberici, N. Pasqualotto, R. Paolino, T. Rodrigues, Adriano Garcia Chiarello","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1261","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The Cerrado has been severely impacted by anthropogenic disturbances, with a tiny proportion of its original extent remaining in its southern portions. In the state of São Paulo, only 7% of this vegetation remains and relatively little is known about the biodiversity of these fragments. To fill this knowledge gap, we inventoried medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals of a neglected region, including a sustainable use protected area, Cajuru State Forest (CSF), adjacent native vegetation remnants protected by the Native Vegetation Protection Law and owned by a paper and cellulose company (Dois Córregos Farm; DCF), and their surroundings. We recorded 20 native mammal species, five of which are endangered with extinction, including the giant anteater, puma, and maned wolf. We found no significant differences in species richness between CSF and DCF but we found higher estimated species richness for the surrounding areas. Besides encompassing a larger and more heterogeneous area, the surrounding area still has a relatively high proportion (>30%) of native vegetation, providing habitat and resources for many species. The estimated mammal species richness for the entire study area was similar to that found in the largest protected area of the Cerrado in São Paulo State, the Jataí Ecological Station and its surroundings. We conclude that our study area still harbors a relatively rich community of large mammals and is important for the conservation of endangered species. This finding is particularly timing since the current State administration is considering to transfer the economic exploitation of CSF to the private sector. We therefore endorse an existing proposal to uplist this protected area, which still lacks a management plan, to a more restricted management category. Besides actions regarding this governmental PA, we argue that it is also important to involve the private sector in a conservation plan for the region.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73389880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1239
Luiz C. Barboza, Giliandro G. Silva, A. Green, L. Maltchik, C. Stenert
Abstract Waterbird-mediated zoochory is one of the main ecological mechanisms by which non-flying freshwater invertebrates can disperse between isolated wetlands. Passive dispersal through gut passage inside waterbirds (endozoochory) may explain how many organisms spread in the landscape. Here, we evaluate the potential for dispersal of aquatic snails by three waterbird species in neotropical wetlands. A total of 77 faecal samples from Coscoroba coscoroba (n = 28), Dendrocygna viduata (n = 36) and Anas flavirostris (n = 13) were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory. There, the samples were examined under a stereomicroscope to check for the presence of gastropod shells. We found 496 intact gastropod shells, and Heleobia piscium was the most abundant species (n= 485). We also found two shells of Drepanotrema sp. and nine others distributed between two different morphotypes of Planorbidae. Snails were present in 20.8 % of all samples, and were more frequent in faeces of coscoroba swan (50%) than the other two bird species. Our data suggest that aquatic snails may disperse by avian endozoochory between neotropical wetlands, with vectors including migratory bird species.
{"title":"Potential dispersal of aquatic snails by waterbird endozoochory in neotropical wetlands","authors":"Luiz C. Barboza, Giliandro G. Silva, A. Green, L. Maltchik, C. Stenert","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1239","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Waterbird-mediated zoochory is one of the main ecological mechanisms by which non-flying freshwater invertebrates can disperse between isolated wetlands. Passive dispersal through gut passage inside waterbirds (endozoochory) may explain how many organisms spread in the landscape. Here, we evaluate the potential for dispersal of aquatic snails by three waterbird species in neotropical wetlands. A total of 77 faecal samples from Coscoroba coscoroba (n = 28), Dendrocygna viduata (n = 36) and Anas flavirostris (n = 13) were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory. There, the samples were examined under a stereomicroscope to check for the presence of gastropod shells. We found 496 intact gastropod shells, and Heleobia piscium was the most abundant species (n= 485). We also found two shells of Drepanotrema sp. and nine others distributed between two different morphotypes of Planorbidae. Snails were present in 20.8 % of all samples, and were more frequent in faeces of coscoroba swan (50%) than the other two bird species. Our data suggest that aquatic snails may disperse by avian endozoochory between neotropical wetlands, with vectors including migratory bird species.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90653690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1426
A. Percequillo, Marina F. C. Barbosa, F. A. Bockmann, J. Bogoni, A. L. H. Esguícero, C. Lamas, G. Moraes, R. Pinto‐da‐Rocha, L. F. Silveira
Abstract Scientific collections constitute a valuable source for contributions to scientific research and the training of human resources in systematics, but also other areas of biological knowledge. In this contribution, we intend to discuss these advancements in collections and the role played by FAPESP in sponsoring them, as well as a general overview of the zoological collections in São Paulo state. We also aim to stress the importance of zoological collections and the need for continuous logistic and financial support from institutions and research agencies to maintain and develop these unique repositories of biodiversity. From 1980 to the present, FAPESP supported 118 research projects focused on several areas of zoology that are directly or indirectly associated with collections. There is a constant growth in the number of projects, and the financial support provided by FAPESP through the Biota Program was paramount for the advancement of our knowledge of biodiversity in Brazil. Parallel to the scientific advances, but not less important, this support allowed curators to increase the number of specimens, and to organize, maintain and digitize them in these valuable and irreplaceable collections. Regarding the lack of new taxonomists, it is essential that FAPESP and universities in São Paulo encourage the formation of new academics in zoological groups where specialists are rare. Considering the investment provided by FAPESP, it is quite important that the institutions that benefited from these resources took greater responsibility to safeguard these collections, and they should consider including resources on their budgets to obtain safety certificates, ensuring their permanence for many generations to come. Zoological collections are a heritage of humanity and are essential not only for the improvement of our knowledge of biodiversity but also with direct applications, among other services provided by these biological resources. It is important that research and teaching institutions in São Paulo that house specimens under their care start to value more this important patrimony and this heritage, as these collections represent the most valuable testimony of our impressive biodiversity, records of our past, and windows to our future, essential to our academic, scientific, cultural and social sovereignty.
{"title":"Natural history museums and zoological collections of São Paulo State","authors":"A. Percequillo, Marina F. C. Barbosa, F. A. Bockmann, J. Bogoni, A. L. H. Esguícero, C. Lamas, G. Moraes, R. Pinto‐da‐Rocha, L. F. Silveira","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1426","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scientific collections constitute a valuable source for contributions to scientific research and the training of human resources in systematics, but also other areas of biological knowledge. In this contribution, we intend to discuss these advancements in collections and the role played by FAPESP in sponsoring them, as well as a general overview of the zoological collections in São Paulo state. We also aim to stress the importance of zoological collections and the need for continuous logistic and financial support from institutions and research agencies to maintain and develop these unique repositories of biodiversity. From 1980 to the present, FAPESP supported 118 research projects focused on several areas of zoology that are directly or indirectly associated with collections. There is a constant growth in the number of projects, and the financial support provided by FAPESP through the Biota Program was paramount for the advancement of our knowledge of biodiversity in Brazil. Parallel to the scientific advances, but not less important, this support allowed curators to increase the number of specimens, and to organize, maintain and digitize them in these valuable and irreplaceable collections. Regarding the lack of new taxonomists, it is essential that FAPESP and universities in São Paulo encourage the formation of new academics in zoological groups where specialists are rare. Considering the investment provided by FAPESP, it is quite important that the institutions that benefited from these resources took greater responsibility to safeguard these collections, and they should consider including resources on their budgets to obtain safety certificates, ensuring their permanence for many generations to come. Zoological collections are a heritage of humanity and are essential not only for the improvement of our knowledge of biodiversity but also with direct applications, among other services provided by these biological resources. It is important that research and teaching institutions in São Paulo that house specimens under their care start to value more this important patrimony and this heritage, as these collections represent the most valuable testimony of our impressive biodiversity, records of our past, and windows to our future, essential to our academic, scientific, cultural and social sovereignty.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75083125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1249
W. O. Sousa, Nelson Vinicius Sabino Serra, G. B. D. Santos, R. Aranda, M. I. Marques
Abstract: The effect of the hydrological cycle on the abundance of adults and larvae of the weevils Cyrtobagous salviniae and Cyrtobagous singularis in the Pantanal was tested and related to the host-plant abundance, limnological variables, and hydrological connectivity of 10 “bays” (lakes and ponds) along the Cuiabá River. Adults and larvae of C. salviniae were more abundant than C. singularis, and larvae and adult abundance differed significantly both within and between the two species. Adults and larvae of both species were more abundant in connected bays, but only C. salviniae responded to both connectivity and hydrological cycle, with the highest abundances during the high-water and rising-water periods for adults and larvae, respectively. Abundance of C. singularis was negatively related to the predominance of C. salviniae, and populations of adults and larvae of both species were slightly and negatively related to the limnological variables and host-plant abundance. The results showed that the temporal variation in larval and adult abundance and dominance of C. salviniae is influenced by hydrological cycle and connectivity, but not by limnological variables and host-plant abundance.
{"title":"Effects of hydrological cycles and water body connectivity on abundance and co-occurrence of two Neotropical Curculionidae species","authors":"W. O. Sousa, Nelson Vinicius Sabino Serra, G. B. D. Santos, R. Aranda, M. I. Marques","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1249","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The effect of the hydrological cycle on the abundance of adults and larvae of the weevils Cyrtobagous salviniae and Cyrtobagous singularis in the Pantanal was tested and related to the host-plant abundance, limnological variables, and hydrological connectivity of 10 “bays” (lakes and ponds) along the Cuiabá River. Adults and larvae of C. salviniae were more abundant than C. singularis, and larvae and adult abundance differed significantly both within and between the two species. Adults and larvae of both species were more abundant in connected bays, but only C. salviniae responded to both connectivity and hydrological cycle, with the highest abundances during the high-water and rising-water periods for adults and larvae, respectively. Abundance of C. singularis was negatively related to the predominance of C. salviniae, and populations of adults and larvae of both species were slightly and negatively related to the limnological variables and host-plant abundance. The results showed that the temporal variation in larval and adult abundance and dominance of C. salviniae is influenced by hydrological cycle and connectivity, but not by limnological variables and host-plant abundance.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82094164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1307
Mateus Melo-Dias, Jesenia Flora Aliaga Huatuco, M. Arizapana-Almonacid, M. Castañeda-Tinco, Fernán Chanamé, Jesus Ulloa Ninahuamán, M. Passamani
Abstract: Among the ecoregions that comprise the high-Andean zone of the Tropical Andes, the Puna and the Yungas stand out for covering a large part of the Peruvian Eastern Andes. Located in the ecotone of these two ecoregions, the Pampa Hermosa National Sanctuary (PHNS) houses one of the priority areas for conservation in Peru. However, the biodiversity of the high-Andean zone of the sanctuary and its surroundings remains poorly studied. Thus, through camera traps and transects, we sought to inventory for the first time the medium and large mammals from the high-Andean region of the PHNS and its buffer zone. We recorded 11 native and three domestic species of medium and large mammals. The richness of native mammals sampled reached 91.7% of the estimated richness (S est.= 11.99 ± 1.85). Among the native species Odocoileus virginianus had the highest relative frequency (56%). We recorded three endemic mammals from the Tropical Andes, Cuniculus taczanowskii, Tremarctos ornatus, and Pudu mephistopheles. The observed richness was higher than most surveys of medium and large mammals carried out in the Puna-forest ecotone in Peru, where the reported richness ranged from 4 to 13 species. In addition, our records of Leopardus pardalis and Eira barbara are the highest for all distribution of these two carnivores. Our results showed that more than 90% of the species recorded were found in it, demonstrating that the entire high-Andean region of the PHNS and its surroundings has an important value for the local mammal community.
摘要:在构成热带安第斯山脉高安第斯带的生态区域中，普纳和Yungas因覆盖了秘鲁东部安第斯山脉的大部分地区而引人注目。Pampa Hermosa国家保护区(PHNS)位于这两个生态区的交错地带，是秘鲁优先保护的区域之一。然而，该保护区的安第斯高原及其周边地区的生物多样性研究仍然很少。因此，通过相机陷阱和样带，我们首次试图对PHNS高安第斯地区及其缓冲区的中型和大型哺乳动物进行清查。我们记录了11种本地和3种家养的大中型哺乳动物。本地哺乳动物的丰富度达到估计丰富度的91.7% (S est.= 11.99±1.85)。在本地种中，以维吉尼亚蛇(Odocoileus virginianus)的相对频率最高(56%)。我们记录了热带安第斯山脉特有的三种哺乳动物:Cuniculus taczanowskii、Tremarctos ornatus和Pudu mephistopheles。观察到的丰富度高于在秘鲁普纳森林过渡带进行的大多数中型和大型哺乳动物调查，报告的丰富度在4到13种之间。此外，在这两种食肉动物的所有分布中，我们的记录最高的是美洲豹和芭芭拉。我们的研究结果表明，超过90%的记录物种都是在这里发现的，这表明PHNS的整个高安第斯地区及其周边地区对当地哺乳动物群落具有重要的价值。
{"title":"Living at the top of the forest line: medium and large mammals in a high-mountain ecotone in Peruvian Central Andes","authors":"Mateus Melo-Dias, Jesenia Flora Aliaga Huatuco, M. Arizapana-Almonacid, M. Castañeda-Tinco, Fernán Chanamé, Jesus Ulloa Ninahuamán, M. Passamani","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1307","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Among the ecoregions that comprise the high-Andean zone of the Tropical Andes, the Puna and the Yungas stand out for covering a large part of the Peruvian Eastern Andes. Located in the ecotone of these two ecoregions, the Pampa Hermosa National Sanctuary (PHNS) houses one of the priority areas for conservation in Peru. However, the biodiversity of the high-Andean zone of the sanctuary and its surroundings remains poorly studied. Thus, through camera traps and transects, we sought to inventory for the first time the medium and large mammals from the high-Andean region of the PHNS and its buffer zone. We recorded 11 native and three domestic species of medium and large mammals. The richness of native mammals sampled reached 91.7% of the estimated richness (S est.= 11.99 ± 1.85). Among the native species Odocoileus virginianus had the highest relative frequency (56%). We recorded three endemic mammals from the Tropical Andes, Cuniculus taczanowskii, Tremarctos ornatus, and Pudu mephistopheles. The observed richness was higher than most surveys of medium and large mammals carried out in the Puna-forest ecotone in Peru, where the reported richness ranged from 4 to 13 species. In addition, our records of Leopardus pardalis and Eira barbara are the highest for all distribution of these two carnivores. Our results showed that more than 90% of the species recorded were found in it, demonstrating that the entire high-Andean region of the PHNS and its surroundings has an important value for the local mammal community.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89187715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1259
R. T. Vianna, L. S. Pelegrini, D. Vieira, R. K. D. Azevedo, V. D. Abdallah
Abstract: A new species of Phanerothecium Kritsky & Thatcher, 1977 (Oogyrodactylidae Harris, 1983) is described from locariid fish from southeast Brazil. Phanerothecium macrosomum n. sp. (Oogyrodactylidae) is described from the body surface of Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Loricariidae). It is characterized by an armed male copulatory organ containing spines of different size from proximal to distal extremity, short peduncle and robust haptor.
{"title":"A new species of Phanerothecium (Monogenea, Oogyrodactylidae), in Hypostomus regani (Loricariidae) from southeast Brazil","authors":"R. T. Vianna, L. S. Pelegrini, D. Vieira, R. K. D. Azevedo, V. D. Abdallah","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1259","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A new species of Phanerothecium Kritsky & Thatcher, 1977 (Oogyrodactylidae Harris, 1983) is described from locariid fish from southeast Brazil. Phanerothecium macrosomum n. sp. (Oogyrodactylidae) is described from the body surface of Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Loricariidae). It is characterized by an armed male copulatory organ containing spines of different size from proximal to distal extremity, short peduncle and robust haptor.","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87613091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1293
Ana Lúcia Vendel, Anderson Kelvin Saraiva Macêdo, Jicaury Roberta Pereira da Silva, Jonas de Andrade Santos, Vivianne Evelyn do Nascimento Alves, R. S. Rosa
{"title":"Espécies de peixes do estuário do Rio Paraíba, nordeste do Brasil","authors":"Ana Lúcia Vendel, Anderson Kelvin Saraiva Macêdo, Jicaury Roberta Pereira da Silva, Jonas de Andrade Santos, Vivianne Evelyn do Nascimento Alves, R. S. Rosa","doi":"10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49102,"journal":{"name":"Biota Neotropica","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80586415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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