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Conversational and generative artificial intelligence and human–chatbot interaction in education and research 教育和研究中的对话式和生成式人工智能以及人与聊天机器人的互动
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13522
Ikpe Justice Akpan, Yawo M. Kobara, Josiah Owolabi, Asuama A. Akpan, Onyebuchi Felix Offodile
Artificial intelligence (AI) as a disruptive technology is not new. However, its recent evolution, engineered by technological transformation, big data analytics, and quantum computing, produces conversational and generative AI (CGAI/GenAI) and human‐like chatbots that disrupt conventional operations and methods in different fields. This study investigates the scientific landscape of CGAI and human–chatbot interaction/collaboration and evaluates use cases, benefits, challenges, and policy implications for multidisciplinary education and allied industry operations. The publications trend showed that just 4% (n = 75) occurred during 2006–2018, while 2019–2023 experienced astronomical growth (n = 1763 or 96%). The prominent use cases of CGAI (e.g., ChatGPT) for teaching, learning, and research activities occurred in computer science (multidisciplinary and AI; 32%), medical/healthcare (17%), engineering (7%), and business fields (6%). The intellectual structure shows strong collaboration among eminent multidisciplinary sources in business, information systems, and other areas. The thematic structure highlights prominent CGAI use cases, including improved user experience in human–computer interaction, computer programs/code generation, and systems creation. Widespread CGAI usefulness for teachers, researchers, and learners includes syllabi/course content generation, testing aids, and academic writing. The concerns about abuse and misuse (plagiarism, academic integrity, privacy violations) and issues about misinformation, danger of self‐diagnoses, and patient privacy in medical/healthcare applications are prominent. Formulating strategies and policies to address potential CGAI challenges in teaching/learning and practice are priorities. Developing discipline‐based automatic detection of GenAI contents to check abuse is proposed. In operational/operations research areas, proper CGAI/GenAI integration with modeling and decision support systems requires further studies.
人工智能(AI)作为一种颠覆性技术并不新鲜。然而,在技术变革、大数据分析和量子计算的推动下,人工智能最近的发展产生了对话式和生成式人工智能(CGAI/GenAI)以及类人聊天机器人,颠覆了不同领域的传统操作和方法。本研究调查了 CGAI 和类人聊天机器人交互/协作的科学前景,并评估了多学科教育和相关行业运营的用例、效益、挑战和政策影响。论文发表趋势显示,2006-2018年期间的论文发表率仅为4%(n = 75),而2019-2023年则经历了天文数字般的增长(n = 1763或96%)。CGAI(如 ChatGPT)在教学、学习和研究活动中的突出用例出现在计算机科学(多学科和人工智能;32%)、医疗/保健(17%)、工程(7%)和商业领域(6%)。知识结构表明,商业、信息系统和其他领域的多学科知名人士之间开展了强有力的合作。专题结构突出了CGAI的重要用例,包括在人机交互、计算机程序/代码生成和系统创建中改善用户体验。CGAI对教师、研究人员和学习者的广泛用途包括教学大纲/课程内容生成、测试辅助工具和学术写作。在医疗/保健应用中,滥用和误用(剽窃、学术诚信、侵犯隐私)以及错误信息、自我诊断危险和病人隐私等问题十分突出。制定战略和政策以应对 CGAI 在教学和实践中可能遇到的挑战是当务之急。建议开发基于学科的 GenAI 内容自动检测功能,以防止滥用。在操作/运行研究领域,CGAI/GenAI 与建模和决策支持系统的适当整合需要进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Two‐stage pricing of products and services considering different competitive environments 考虑不同竞争环境的产品和服务的两阶段定价
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13520
Wei Qi, Ziwei Li, Xuwang Liu
Designing a product line that considers value‐added services (VASs) is a strategic move for enterprises with diversified customer needs. Additionally, a dynamic pricing strategy that can respond to changes in the external environment is crucial for enterprises. This study investigates product and VAS price adjustments for enterprises in monopolistic and oligopolistic competitive environments, respectively, based on the multinomial logit model. A two‐stage pricing model is developed for products and services to obtain the optimal pricing strategy. The findings reveal that customers’ strategic behaviors significantly impact on enterprises’ pricing decisions. When adjusting prices, enterprises need to consider the strategic behaviors of customers to ensure the rationality of pricing. Furthermore, irrespective of the competitive environment faced by enterprises, there is a need to emphasize the importance of dynamic pricing. Making appropriate adjustments to prices in the second stage can, overall, enhance the profitability of the enterprise.
对于客户需求多样化的企业来说,设计一条考虑到增值服务(VAS)的产品线是一项战略举措。此外,能够应对外部环境变化的动态定价策略对企业也至关重要。本研究基于多项式 logit 模型,分别研究了垄断和寡头竞争环境下企业的产品价格和增值服务价格调整。建立了产品和服务的两阶段定价模型,以获得最优定价策略。研究结果表明,客户的战略行为对企业的定价决策有重大影响。企业在调整价格时,需要考虑顾客的战略行为,以确保定价的合理性。此外,无论企业面临怎样的竞争环境,都需要强调动态定价的重要性。在第二阶段对价格进行适当调整,可以从整体上提高企业的盈利能力。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive feasible and infeasible evolutionary search for the knapsack problem with forfeits 有弃权的knapsack问题的自适应可行和不可行进化搜索
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13512
Qing Zhou, Jin‐Kao Hao, Zhong‐Zhong Jiang, Qinghua Wu
The knapsack problem (KP) with forfeits is a generalized KP that aims to select some items, among a set of candidate items, to maximize a profit function without exceeding the knapsack capacity. Moreover, a forfeit cost is incurred and deducted from the profit function when both incompatible items are placed in the knapsack. This problem is a relevant model for a number of applications and is however computationally challenging. We present a hybrid heuristic method for tackling this problem that combines the evolutionary search with adaptive feasible and infeasible search to find high‐quality solutions. A streamlining technique is designed to accelerate the evaluation of candidate solutions, which increases significantly the computational efficiency of the algorithm. We assess the algorithm on 120 test instances and demonstrate its dominance over the best performing approaches in the literature. Particularly, we show 94 improved lower bounds. We investigate the essential algorithmic components to understand their roles.
带放弃的背包问题(KP)是一种广义的背包问题,其目的是从一组候选物品中选择一些物品,在不超过背包容量的情况下使利润函数最大化。此外,当两个不相容的物品都放入背包时,会产生放弃成本,并从利润函数中扣除。这个问题是许多应用的相关模型,但在计算上具有挑战性。我们提出了一种处理该问题的混合启发式方法,它将进化搜索与自适应可行和不可行搜索相结合,以找到高质量的解决方案。我们设计了一种精简技术来加速候选解决方案的评估,从而大大提高了算法的计算效率。我们在 120 个测试实例上对该算法进行了评估,结果表明该算法优于文献中表现最好的方法。特别是,我们展示了 94 个改进的下限。我们研究了算法的基本组成部分,以了解它们的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Sequencing situations with position‐dependent effects under cooperation 合作条件下具有位置依赖效应的排序情况
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13518
A. Saavedra‐Nieves, M. A. Mosquera, M. G. Fiestras‐Janeiro
This paper innovatively addresses the effect of cooperation on sequencing situations with position‐dependent effects. Specifically, we ensure the convexity of the associated sequencing games under the fulfillment of certain conditions related to the neighbor switching gains. Additionally, we propose two families of allocation rules based on sharing the neighbor switching gains under two distinct procedures, each providing a path from the initial order to an optimal order. From a theoretical point of view, an axiomatization of both families of allocations is provided, and their stability is also ensured under the conditions related to convexity.
本文创新性地探讨了合作对具有位置依赖效应的排序情况的影响。具体来说,我们在满足某些与邻居切换收益相关的条件下,确保了相关排序博弈的凸性。此外,我们还提出了基于在两种不同程序下分享邻居交换收益的两组分配规则,每组规则都提供了一条从初始排序到最优排序的路径。从理论角度看,我们提供了这两个分配规则族的公理化,并在与凸性相关的条件下确保了它们的稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
The quality admission and price decisions of production capacity on the third‐party platform for shared manufacturing 共享制造第三方平台的产能质量准入和价格决策
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13517
Wenbo Li, Bin Dan, Xumei Zhang, Ting Lei, Shengming Zhang
Many third‐party platforms for shared manufacturing (platforms) have developed rapidly in recent years. The quality admission and pricing of production capacity are crucial issues for these platforms. This paper focuses on the platform supply chain composed of a platform, multiple manufacturers with surplus production capacity (sharers), and multiple manufacturers with insufficient production capacity (renters). Considering the impact of the production capacity quality on the shared scale and rental demand of production capacity, this paper constructs a game model for the platform supply chain under different quality admission scenarios, investigates the quality admission and price decisions of production capacity on the platform, and analyses the impact of the quality admission on the sharers’ and renters’ profits. The results show that the platform sets the quality admission when the sharers’ production capacity scale is small and the platform regulatory cost is low. The platform always increases its service price but may reduce the rental price of production capacity under the quality admission scenario. When the sharers’ production capacity scale is large, the platform lowers the threshold of quality admission with the quality elasticity of production capacity increasing. In addition, when the quality elasticity of production capacity and platform regulatory cost are low, and the sharers’ production capacity scale is small, the quality admission of the platform realizes the win–win–win situation for the platform, renters, and sharers.
近年来,许多第三方共享制造平台(平台)发展迅速。产能的质量准入和定价是这些平台面临的关键问题。本文重点研究由一个平台、多个产能过剩的制造商(共享者)和多个产能不足的制造商(租用者)组成的平台供应链。考虑到产能质量对产能共享规模和租赁需求的影响,本文构建了不同质量准入情景下的平台供应链博弈模型,研究了平台上产能的质量准入和价格决策,分析了质量准入对共享者和租赁者利润的影响。结果表明,当共享者的产能规模较小、平台监管成本较低时,平台会设定质量准入。在质量准入情景下,平台总是提高服务价格,但可能会降低产能租赁价格。当共享者的产能规模较大时,随着产能质量弹性的增加,平台会降低质量准入门槛。此外,当产能质量弹性和平台监管成本较低,共享者产能规模较小时,平台的质量准入实现了平台、租用者和共享者的三赢。
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引用次数: 0
Hierarchical goal programming approaches to solve a discrete‐time formulation for the aircraft recovery problem of a Brazilian oil and gas company 用分层目标编程方法解决巴西一家石油天然气公司飞机回收问题的离散时间公式
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13516
Tarley Mansur Fantazzini, Thiago Vieira, Reinaldo Morabito, Pedro Munari
We address the aircraft recovery problem faced by a Brazilian oil and gas company during its offshore operations. This problem involves hiring helicopters from an outsourced company to transport personnel from an airport to maritime units. The performed flights are subject to disruptions and might require rescheduling. To assist with decision‐making in such situations, we introduce a discrete‐time integer linear programming (ILP) model that considers company‐specific attributes, including a lexicographic objective function that prioritizes (i) the reduction of flight transfers to the next day; (ii) the reduction of helicopter utilization; and (iii) the reduction of flight delays of the day. We develop four different solution approaches using hierarchical goal programming based on the proposed model, aided by enhancements and valid inequalities. Computational experiments using both real‐world and simulated instances demonstrate that our approaches can provide effective solutions for most instances using a general‐purpose ILP solver within acceptable computation times.
我们探讨了巴西一家石油天然气公司在海上作业中面临的飞机回收问题。这个问题涉及从一家外包公司租用直升机,将人员从机场运送到海上单位。执行的航班会受到干扰,可能需要重新安排。为了帮助在这种情况下做出决策,我们引入了一个离散时间整数线性规划(ILP)模型,该模型考虑了公司的特定属性,包括一个词法目标函数,该函数优先考虑:(i) 减少第二天的航班转移;(ii) 减少直升机的使用;(iii) 减少当天的航班延误。我们基于所提出的模型,利用分层目标编程,并在增强和有效不等式的辅助下,开发了四种不同的解决方法。使用真实世界和模拟实例进行的计算实验表明,我们的方法可以在可接受的计算时间内使用通用 ILP 求解器为大多数实例提供有效的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Design of survivable networks with low connectivity requirements 设计连接要求低的可生存网络
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13511
Fatmah Almathkour, Youcef Magnouche, A. Ridha Mahjoub, Raouia Taktak

In this paper, we consider the survivable network design problem when the connectivity types are in {0, 1, 2, 3}. The problem has wide applications in telecommunication networks. We consider the problem from a polyhedral point of view. We describe several classes of valid inequalities and give necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for these inequalities to be facet defining. We also develop separation routines for these inequalities. Using these results, we devise a branch-and-cut algorithm along with an extensive computational study is presented.

本文考虑的是连接类型为 {0, 1, 2, 3} 时的可生存网络设计问题。该问题在电信网络中有着广泛的应用。我们从多面体的角度来考虑这个问题。我们描述了几类有效的不等式,并给出了这些不等式定义面的必要条件和充分条件。我们还为这些不等式开发了分离例程。利用这些结果,我们设计了一种分支切割算法,并进行了广泛的计算研究。
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引用次数: 0
A new Fermatean fuzzy multi‐objective indefinite quadratic transportation problem with an application to sustainable transportation 新的 Fermatean 模糊多目标不定四元交通问题及其在可持续交通中的应用
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13513
Aakanksha Singh, Ritu Arora, Shalini Arora
In this work, a Fermatean fuzzy (FF) multi‐objective indefinite quadratic transportation problem (TP) is introduced. Due to some unavoidable reasons, real‐life transportation parameters such as supply, demand and costs are indeterminate in nature and cannot be expressed in crisp terms. We represent these parameters using FF numbers, an extension of fuzzy numbers, which are capable of representing indeterminacy efficiently. A multi‐objective indefinite quadratic TP where each objective is a product of two linear factors (cost functions) is considered. Defuzzification of FF numbers is accomplished by the introduction of ‐cut for the first time. The obtained crisp TP is solved using the intuitionistic fuzzy programming approach and FF programming approach to arrive at a compromise solution. To substantiate the work, solution methodology based on defuzzification using the ranking function is also deliberated. The applicability of the model is demonstrated through a sustainable TP, which simultaneously minimizes transportation cost with depreciation cost and packaging cost with wastage cost. The resulting value of the objective functions and the aspiration levels are compared to depict the efficacy of the proposed method over the ranking function method. The concluding section summarizes the work, and future avenues along with some limitations of the work are also specified.
在这项工作中,引入了一个费尔马特模糊(FF)多目标不定二次运输问题(TP)。由于一些不可避免的原因,现实生活中的运输参数(如供应、需求和成本)在本质上是不确定的,无法用清晰的术语来表示。我们使用 FF 数来表示这些参数,FF 数是模糊数的扩展,能够有效地表示不确定性。我们考虑了一个多目标不确定二次 TP,其中每个目标都是两个线性因子(成本函数)的乘积。通过首次引入-cut,完成了对 FF 数的模糊化。利用直觉模糊程序设计方法和 FF 程序设计方法求解所得到的简明 TP,从而得出折中方案。为了证实这项工作,还讨论了基于使用排序功能进行去模糊化的求解方法。该模型的适用性通过一个可持续的 TP 得到了证明,它同时使运输成本和折旧成本以及包装成本和损耗成本最小化。比较了目标函数的结果值和期望水平,以说明建议的方法比排序函数方法更有效。结论部分对工作进行了总结,并指出了未来的发展方向以及工作的一些局限性。
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引用次数: 0
Destination selection and flight scheduling for regional airlines at slot‐constrained airports 支线航空公司在机位紧张机场的目的地选择和航班调度
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13505
Alberto Santini
We present the problem of a regional airline based at a slot‐constrained airport, which must select a set of destinations to serve, how many flights per day to operate to each destination, at what time the flights take place and which aircraft operates each flight. Restricting ourselves to the special case of regional airlines, which fly round trips from a central hub, we are able to tackle the four above decisions jointly. By contrast, in the existing literature, these decisions are usually optimised separately for generic airline networks. To solve the proposed problem, we introduce two compact integer formulations: a three‐index and a two‐index formulation. This latter, however, only solves a relaxation of the original problem because it cannot guarantee that all constraints are respected. Therefore, we embed the two‐index formulation into an iterative algorithm which dynamically adds violated constraints. Computational experiments highlight the validity of this approach and provide insights into the characteristics of the solutions.
我们提出的问题是,一家以机位受限机场为基地的支线航空公司必须选择一组服务目的地、每天运营多少个飞往每个目的地的航班、航班在什么时间起飞以及每个航班由哪架飞机运营。限于从中心枢纽往返飞行的支线航空公司的特殊情况,我们能够共同解决上述四个决策问题。相比之下,在现有文献中,这些决策通常是针对通用航空网络分别进行优化的。为了解决提出的问题,我们引入了两个紧凑的整数公式:三指数公式和二指数公式。然而,后者只能解决原始问题的松弛问题,因为它无法保证所有约束条件都得到遵守。因此,我们将双指数公式嵌入迭代算法中,动态添加违反的约束条件。计算实验凸显了这种方法的有效性,并提供了对解决方案特征的深入了解。
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引用次数: 0
An adapted constraint‐programming formulation of the resource‐constrained project scheduling problem applied to the identical parallel machines group shop and mixed shop scheduling problems 将资源受限项目调度问题的改编约束编程公式应用于相同并联机器分组车间和混合车间调度问题
IF 3.1 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/itor.13504
Francisco Yuraszeck, Gonzalo Mejía, Armin Lüer‐Villagra
In this paper, we study the group shop and the mixed shop scheduling problems with single and identical parallel machines at each workstation with the makespan criterion. We adapted a constraint programming formulation previously presented for the classical resource‐constrained project scheduling problem. The effectiveness of our approach is evident in the fact that it achieved optimality in 107 out of 130 classical group shop scheduling problem instances and in 320 classical mixed shop scheduling problem instances. In the last set, we obtained 13 new optimal solutions.
在本文中,我们研究了分组车间和混合车间调度问题,每个工作站都有单机和相同的并行机器,并采用了 "makespan "标准。我们采用了之前针对经典的资源受限项目调度问题提出的约束编程公式。我们的方法在 130 个经典分组车间调度问题实例中的 107 个实例和 320 个经典混合车间调度问题实例中都达到了最优,其有效性显而易见。在最后一组实例中,我们获得了 13 个新的最优解。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Transactions in Operational Research
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