{"title":"Neotectonic record in South American passive margin based on morphostructural analysis of northern Paraíba Basin, Brazil","authors":"Fábio Corrêa Alves, D. Rossetti","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78415233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Taloor, P. Ray, A. S. Jasrotia, B. Kotlia, A. Alam, Shashi Kumar, Rohit Kumar, Vaibhav Kumar, Sagarika Roy
We discuss the tectono-geomorphic evaluation of the Binta basin (Lesser Himalaya, India) through quantitative and qualitative morphotectonic analyses at the watershed scale. The basin, drained by the Gagas River and its tributaries, is situated in the zone of the active North Almora Thrust (NAT). Developments of deeply incised V-shaped valleys indicate increased incision capability of streams in response to steepening of hillslope gradients due to neotectonic activity. Prominent features, e.g., off-setting of the NAT by later formed subsidiary faults, deflection of streams, vertical fault scarps, formation of palaeolakes, river ponding and development of fluvial terraces were likely responsible for reformation of the landscape and drainage system due to tectonic perturbations. The morphometric parameters using digital terrain data in the GIS technology and focusing on hydrography (stream length-gradient index, ratio of valley floor width to valley height, transverse topographic symmetry factor and topography (local relief and relief anomaly) verify the rejuvenation of landscape. Anomalously high and low values of stream length-gradient indices of main tributary streams associated with faults and multiple knickpoints along the channel profiles may have been associated with deformational events. Our observations on the tectonic instability of the faulted basin support the existing GPS based studies indicating the maximum crustal shortening and strain rate with a maximum aerial strain of 6-8 x 10(-7) strain/year and deformation of similar to 15 mm/year immediately north of the NAT, and proving that this tectonically active zone is vulnerable for the future earthquakes.
{"title":"Active tectonic deformation along reactivated faults in Binta basin in Kumaun Himalaya of north India: Inferences from tectono-geomorphic evaluation","authors":"A. Taloor, P. Ray, A. S. Jasrotia, B. Kotlia, A. Alam, Shashi Kumar, Rohit Kumar, Vaibhav Kumar, Sagarika Roy","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0417","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the tectono-geomorphic evaluation of the Binta basin (Lesser Himalaya, India) through quantitative and qualitative morphotectonic analyses at the watershed scale. The basin, drained by the Gagas River and its tributaries, is situated in the zone of the active North Almora Thrust (NAT). Developments of deeply incised V-shaped valleys indicate increased incision capability of streams in response to steepening of hillslope gradients due to neotectonic activity. Prominent features, e.g., off-setting of the NAT by later formed subsidiary faults, deflection of streams, vertical fault scarps, formation of palaeolakes, river ponding and development of fluvial terraces were likely responsible for reformation of the landscape and drainage system due to tectonic perturbations. The morphometric parameters using digital terrain data in the GIS technology and focusing on hydrography (stream length-gradient index, ratio of valley floor width to valley height, transverse topographic symmetry factor and topography (local relief and relief anomaly) verify the rejuvenation of landscape. Anomalously high and low values of stream length-gradient indices of main tributary streams associated with faults and multiple knickpoints along the channel profiles may have been associated with deformational events. Our observations on the tectonic instability of the faulted basin support the existing GPS based studies indicating the maximum crustal shortening and strain rate with a maximum aerial strain of 6-8 x 10(-7) strain/year and deformation of similar to 15 mm/year immediately north of the NAT, and proving that this tectonically active zone is vulnerable for the future earthquakes.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87884838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Landform transitions in a fluviokarst landscape","authors":"J. Phillips","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76475035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darius Jarmalavičius, G. Zilinskas, D. Pupienis, J. Kriaučiūnienė
One of the most important problems in predicting future coastal evolution is determining the potential impacts of sea level rise on coastal systems. The influence of sea level and wind regime fluctuations on tideless coastal systems with different geomorphology and sand availability was assessed for the period of 2002–2013 along the Lithuanian Baltic Sea coast. The investigation showed no significant dependence between subaerial beach volume change and relative sea level rise on a decadal time scale. However, a minor relative sea level rise (up to 2 mm/yr) may determine even accretion processes in coastal zones with ample sediment supply and a gentle nearshore slope. Therefore we suppose, that extreme events, sand supply, coastal geomorphology, wind and wave climate, are among the most crucial factors affecting subaerial beach volume change. Our findings have implication to other wave-dominated barrier coasts faced with a variety of environmental forcing factors.
{"title":"Subaerial beach volume change on a decadal time scale: the Lithuanian Baltic Sea coast","authors":"Darius Jarmalavičius, G. Zilinskas, D. Pupienis, J. Kriaučiūnienė","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0441","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important problems in predicting future coastal evolution is determining the potential impacts of sea level rise on coastal systems. The influence of sea level and wind regime fluctuations on tideless coastal systems with different geomorphology and sand availability was assessed for the period of 2002–2013 along the Lithuanian Baltic Sea coast. The investigation showed no significant dependence between subaerial beach volume change and relative sea level rise on a decadal time scale. However, a minor relative sea level rise (up to 2 mm/yr) may determine even accretion processes in coastal zones with ample sediment supply and a gentle nearshore slope. Therefore we suppose, that extreme events, sand supply, coastal geomorphology, wind and wave climate, are among the most crucial factors affecting subaerial beach volume change. Our findings have implication to other wave-dominated barrier coasts faced with a variety of environmental forcing factors.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78527170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mate Bartus, K. Barta, József Szatmári, A. Farsang
{"title":"Modeling wind erosion hazard control efficiency with an emphasis on shelterbelt system and plot size planning","authors":"Mate Bartus, K. Barta, József Szatmári, A. Farsang","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82099005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Migoń, Filip Duszyński, Marek Kasprzak, Milena Różycka
{"title":"Evolving slope instability zone at Mt. Turzyna (Sudetes, SW Poland) - An example of incipient deep-seated gravitational slope deformation","authors":"P. Migoń, Filip Duszyński, Marek Kasprzak, Milena Różycka","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76926205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Regard, K. Pedoja, I. D. L. Torre, M. Saillard, J. Cortés‐Aranda, M. Nexer
Elevations of the shoreline angles of marine terraces have long been used to infer Pleistocene sea levels and/or uplift rates. We attempt to use morphologic properties of sequences of marine terraces-terrace width and slope-in order to track if these constitute a pattern showing similar alternations at different sites and if this alternation is comparable to the signal from the sea level highstand succession –duration and sea level-for Middle-Late Pleistocene. To do so, we focus on sequences of marine terrace including more than 10 successive strandlines from San Clemente Island and Santa Cruz (both in California, USA). We generated and analyzed 30 topographic profiles in order to confirm the occurrence or lack of each terrace, and to characterize their width and slope. To complement the observation of tenuous trends, we used additional data from previous works at Point Reyes (California, USA), Altos de Talinay (central Chile), San Juan de Marcona (central Peru) and South Taranaki (Northern Island, New Zealand). These additional data strengthen the observations made at San Clemente and Santa Cruz and prove that the most prominent terrace observed is usually carved during the Marine Isotopic Stage 5 (MIS5). Moreover, some terraces appear better expressed than the others: those formed during MIS7, MIS9 plus one of those formed during MIS15, MIS17 or MIS19 highstands. The terraces formed during MIS11 are not preeminent, contrary to what expected from its long highstand duration.
长期以来，海相阶地的海岸线角的高度一直被用来推断更新世的海平面和/或隆升速率。我们试图利用海洋阶地序列的形态特性——阶地宽度和坡度——来追踪这些序列是否构成了在不同地点显示类似交替的模式，以及这种交替是否与中晚更新世海平面高度演替的信号——持续时间和海平面——相媲美。为了做到这一点，我们关注的是海洋阶地序列，包括来自圣克莱门特岛和圣克鲁斯(都在美国加利福尼亚州)的10多条连续的海岸线。我们生成并分析了30个地形剖面，以确定每个阶地是否存在，并表征其宽度和坡度。为了补充对脆弱趋势的观察，我们使用了以前在Point Reyes(美国加利福尼亚州)、Altos de Talinay(智利中部)、San Juan de Marcona(秘鲁中部)和South Taranaki(新西兰北岛)的工作中获得的额外数据。这些额外的数据加强了在圣克莱门特和圣克鲁斯的观测，并证明了观测到的最突出的阶地通常是在海洋同位素阶段5 (MIS5)期间雕刻的。MIS7、MIS9时期形成的阶地和MIS15、MIS17、MIS19高地形成的阶地中的一个阶地表现得更好。MIS11期间形成的梯田并不突出，这与它长期的高海拔持续时间相反。
{"title":"Geometrical trends within sequences of Pleistocene marine terraces : selected examples from California, Peru, Chile and New-Zealand","authors":"V. Regard, K. Pedoja, I. D. L. Torre, M. Saillard, J. Cortés‐Aranda, M. Nexer","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0389","url":null,"abstract":"Elevations of the shoreline angles of marine terraces have long been used to infer Pleistocene sea levels and/or uplift rates. We attempt to use morphologic properties of sequences of marine terraces-terrace width and slope-in order to track if these constitute a pattern showing similar alternations at different sites and if this alternation is comparable to the signal from the sea level highstand succession –duration and sea level-for Middle-Late Pleistocene. To do so, we focus on sequences of marine terrace including more than 10 successive strandlines from San Clemente Island and Santa Cruz (both in California, USA). We generated and analyzed 30 topographic profiles in order to confirm the occurrence or lack of each terrace, and to characterize their width and slope. To complement the observation of tenuous trends, we used additional data from previous works at Point Reyes (California, USA), Altos de Talinay (central Chile), San Juan de Marcona (central Peru) and South Taranaki (Northern Island, New Zealand). These additional data strengthen the observations made at San Clemente and Santa Cruz and prove that the most prominent terrace observed is usually carved during the Marine Isotopic Stage 5 (MIS5). Moreover, some terraces appear better expressed than the others: those formed during MIS7, MIS9 plus one of those formed during MIS15, MIS17 or MIS19 highstands. The terraces formed during MIS11 are not preeminent, contrary to what expected from its long highstand duration.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88067415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Athanassas, R. Braucher, D. Bourlès, Anne-Elisabeth Lebatard
Measurement of in situ-produced 10 Be concentrations at a prehistoric open cast (i.e. aerially exposed) copper mine on Kythnos island, Aegean, Greece, dated to ~ 5 ka, led to overestimated cosmic ray exposure ages. This strongly suggests that the prehistoric mining activity was too shallow to reach nuclide-free levels in the rock. Considering the independently estimated age of the open cast mine, the 10 Be concentrations measured in the sampled rock surface of the mine are further exploited to estimate the thickness of the excavation. The results obtained point at excavation depths no more than a few decimeters, agreeing with independent archaeological evidence.
{"title":"Cosmic-ray exposure dating of a ~5 ka open cast copper mine in the Aegean: modeling volume modulations","authors":"C. Athanassas, R. Braucher, D. Bourlès, Anne-Elisabeth Lebatard","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0427","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of in situ-produced 10 Be concentrations at a prehistoric open cast (i.e. aerially exposed) copper mine on Kythnos island, Aegean, Greece, dated to ~ 5 ka, led to overestimated cosmic ray exposure ages. This strongly suggests that the prehistoric mining activity was too shallow to reach nuclide-free levels in the rock. Considering the independently estimated age of the open cast mine, the 10 Be concentrations measured in the sampled rock surface of the mine are further exploited to estimate the thickness of the excavation. The results obtained point at excavation depths no more than a few decimeters, agreeing with independent archaeological evidence.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82171809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Małgorzata Kijowska-Strugała, Ł. Wiejaczka, E. Gil, Witold Bochenek, Krzysztof Kiszka
{"title":"The impact of extreme hydro-meteorological events on the transformation of mountain river channels (Polish Flysch Carpathians)","authors":"Małgorzata Kijowska-Strugała, Ł. Wiejaczka, E. Gil, Witold Bochenek, Krzysztof Kiszka","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79639456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vandromme, A. Foucher, O. Cerdan, Sébastien Salavador-Blanes
Following the shift towards more intensive agriculture in cultivated lowlands in Europe, field sizes have increased and stream valley meanderings have been suppressed and realigned along new straight field borders. These modifications have led to profound alterations of the hydromorphology of the streams. To test the importance of these modifications, the objective of this study is to assess the potential of using high resolution DTM (Digital Terrain Model) to quantify the current volume of small drainage ditches at catchment scales and to assess the evolution of these ditches using archival data. The method has been applied to a small agricultural catchment drained by an artificial stream network. A specific 1400 m long ditch was chosen to estimate the capacity of a DTM (0.5 m) and to evaluate the actual topography and volume of stream. Forty-four channel cross sections measured with a centimeter DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) have been compared with the same profiles measured with the DTM. The average DTM error in estimating stream depth is approximately 13% and is less than 12% for stream width detection. Estimates of the ditch volume using DTM sections instead of DGPS sections produces a result of 3100 m3. An average error of 11% can be ascribed to the difference in the estimated ditch volume between the DGPS and DTM approaches, which was principally caused by under-estimates of bottom ditch morphology by the DTM. This study highlights the ability of airborne instruments to quickly and robustly detect and estimate the volume occupied by small-width stream networks (1.5 to 4 m) over large areas. This approach has opened new perspectives for the study of current and past bank activities at catchment scales to quantify bank erosion contributions to the overall sediment budget.
{"title":"Quantification of bank erosion of artificial drainage networks using LiDAR data","authors":"R. Vandromme, A. Foucher, O. Cerdan, Sébastien Salavador-Blanes","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2017/0348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2017/0348","url":null,"abstract":"Following the shift towards more intensive agriculture in cultivated lowlands in Europe, field sizes have increased and stream valley meanderings have been suppressed and realigned along new straight field borders. These modifications have led to profound alterations of the hydromorphology of the streams. To test the importance of these modifications, the objective of this study is to assess the potential of using high resolution DTM (Digital Terrain Model) to quantify the current volume of small drainage ditches at catchment scales and to assess the evolution of these ditches using archival data. The method has been applied to a small agricultural catchment drained by an artificial stream network. A specific 1400 m long ditch was chosen to estimate the capacity of a DTM (0.5 m) and to evaluate the actual topography and volume of stream. Forty-four channel cross sections measured with a centimeter DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) have been compared with the same profiles measured with the DTM. The average DTM error in estimating stream depth is approximately 13% and is less than 12% for stream width detection. Estimates of the ditch volume using DTM sections instead of DGPS sections produces a result of 3100 m3. An average error of 11% can be ascribed to the difference in the estimated ditch volume between the DGPS and DTM approaches, which was principally caused by under-estimates of bottom ditch morphology by the DTM. This study highlights the ability of airborne instruments to quickly and robustly detect and estimate the volume occupied by small-width stream networks (1.5 to 4 m) over large areas. This approach has opened new perspectives for the study of current and past bank activities at catchment scales to quantify bank erosion contributions to the overall sediment budget.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80650417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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