B. Delcaillau, O. Dugué, M. Namous, K. Pedoja, M. Amrhar, E. Laville
Aggradational packages of alluvial sediment are preserved in the Ourika river basin. Field mapping and DEM analysis allowed us to identify a model sequence of river terraces. We focus on sites where the study of sedimentary sections allow us to decipher the sedimentary evolution of the Ourika watershed. Quaternary evolution of the drainage basin is characterized by major phases of sediment accumulation and erosion, forming alluvial fans and cut-fill terraces. More intense rainfall events during the Middle Pleistocene Ourika drainage basin resulted in increased erosion and transport of sediment from the hillslopes into the trunk river. First, the cut-fill terraces near the sub-basins outlets are formed by a large-scale aggradation, followed by a main vertical incision and lateral erosion. Then, the second sedimentation period was probably a result of increased precipitation that caused landsliding in steep sub-basins. Finally, a last stage of incision in the Ourika Valley is linked to a base level lowering due to climatic fluctuations. We suggest that cyclic climatic fluctuations superimposed on a continuous uplift of the High Atlas are responsible for the generation of stepped terraces along the Ourika River. Sub-basins steep affected by erosion processes dominated by landslides rocky shallow were accompanied by debris flows along convex profiles at their downstream end and associated with steep knickpoints. We interpreted erosion of the Pleistocene deposits as the result of an autocyclic negative feedback such as exhaustion of the hillslope sediment stocks and the resulting increase of the relative capacity of the trunk stream to bring and transfer sediment towards the Ourika Valley.
{"title":"Pleistocene fluviatile deposits in the Ourika drainage basin (Marrakech High Atlas, Morocco): indicators of climatic variations associated with base level change","authors":"B. Delcaillau, O. Dugué, M. Namous, K. Pedoja, M. Amrhar, E. Laville","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2016/0261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2016/0261","url":null,"abstract":"Aggradational packages of alluvial sediment are preserved in the Ourika river basin. Field mapping and DEM analysis allowed us to identify a model sequence of river terraces. We focus on sites where the study of sedimentary sections allow us to decipher the sedimentary evolution of the Ourika watershed. Quaternary evolution of the drainage basin is characterized by major phases of sediment accumulation and erosion, forming alluvial fans and cut-fill terraces. More intense rainfall events during the Middle Pleistocene Ourika drainage basin resulted in increased erosion and transport of sediment from the hillslopes into the trunk river. First, the cut-fill terraces near the sub-basins outlets are formed by a large-scale aggradation, followed by a main vertical incision and lateral erosion. Then, the second sedimentation period was probably a result of increased precipitation that caused landsliding in steep sub-basins. Finally, a last stage of incision in the Ourika Valley is linked to a base level lowering due to climatic fluctuations. We suggest that cyclic climatic fluctuations superimposed on a continuous uplift of the High Atlas are responsible for the generation of stepped terraces along the Ourika River. Sub-basins steep affected by erosion processes dominated by landslides rocky shallow were accompanied by debris flows along convex profiles at their downstream end and associated with steep knickpoints. We interpreted erosion of the Pleistocene deposits as the result of an autocyclic negative feedback such as exhaustion of the hillslope sediment stocks and the resulting increase of the relative capacity of the trunk stream to bring and transfer sediment towards the Ourika Valley.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80037200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Nehme, S. Jaillet, C. Voisin, J. Hellstrom, Jocelyne Gerard-Adjizian, J. Delannoy
Mount Lebanon is a mountainous Mediterranean karst ridge, consisting of high plateaus reaching 3,088 m altitude and entrenched by deep valleys. Fluvial drainage systems run on a steep gradient and reach the Mediterranean Sea coast in less than 30 km distance. In Central Mount Lebanon, the downstream parts of Antelias and Kalb valleys host the Kanaan cave (160 m), the Kassarat cave (4.6 km) and the Jeita cave (10.05 km), whose subterranean rivers are connected to the karst springs located close to the contact between the Cretaceous aquidude and the Jurassic karst aquifer. The area thus comprises a dammed Jurassic aquifer in which all the studied cave levels developed at certain altitudes. A geomorphological study performed by speleological and geomorphological surveys and completed by analyses of cave sediments allowed the formulation of a first evolutionary framework of the karst system. Several features suggest a long-term and multi-stage evolution of the karst in both Antelias and Kalb valleys. The horizontal caves develop between 60 and 160 m a.s.l. and constitute water table caves in a steeply dipping structure (Mount Lebanon's western fold). These cave levels are part of an ancient system that developed near the water table controlled by the position of the aquiclude and correspond to the base level of a past fluvial network. An important phase of base level cave development is documented in the relict passages above 90 m a.s.l. Speleogenetic features between 90 and 160 m developed in a phreatic environment where paragenesis or "per ascensum erosion" processes occurred during base level rise. Epiphreatic features were identified at 60-70 m in Kassarat and Jeita caves. Typical morphological features such as horizontal solution passages and solution notches suggest a phase of stillstand of the base-level. The evolution of the water table level from a paragenetic rise above 90 m to a continuous lowering below 90 m and with a temporary stillstand phase at 70-60 m, is related to the fluvial base-level evolution. Preliminar chronological constraints for the evolution of the karst system are discussed based on U/Th dating of speleothems and cave levels (90-160 and 60-70 m) and their relationship with the altitude of the low-gradient surfaces. The cave levels between 90 and 160 m are related to a water table rise that caused an alluviation process at the river's mouth probably during the Pliocene transgression phase of the Mediterranean Sea (PHS). Abandoning of the upper cave levels (90-160 and 60-70 m) is the result of a continuous lowering of the water table related to fluvial incision. The lowering of the water table level below 90 m is mainly related to the fluvial incision of the acquiclude in a high geodynamic context (Mount Lebanon uplift) during the Pleistocene.
{"title":"Control of cave levels in Kanaan, Kassarat and Jeita karst systems (Central Mount Lebanon, Lebanon)","authors":"C. Nehme, S. Jaillet, C. Voisin, J. Hellstrom, Jocelyne Gerard-Adjizian, J. Delannoy","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2016/0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2016/0239","url":null,"abstract":"Mount Lebanon is a mountainous Mediterranean karst ridge, consisting of high plateaus reaching 3,088 m altitude and entrenched by deep valleys. Fluvial drainage systems run on a steep gradient and reach the Mediterranean Sea coast in less than 30 km distance. In Central Mount Lebanon, the downstream parts of Antelias and Kalb valleys host the Kanaan cave (160 m), the Kassarat cave (4.6 km) and the Jeita cave (10.05 km), whose subterranean rivers are connected to the karst springs located close to the contact between the Cretaceous aquidude and the Jurassic karst aquifer. The area thus comprises a dammed Jurassic aquifer in which all the studied cave levels developed at certain altitudes. A geomorphological study performed by speleological and geomorphological surveys and completed by analyses of cave sediments allowed the formulation of a first evolutionary framework of the karst system. Several features suggest a long-term and multi-stage evolution of the karst in both Antelias and Kalb valleys. The horizontal caves develop between 60 and 160 m a.s.l. and constitute water table caves in a steeply dipping structure (Mount Lebanon's western fold). These cave levels are part of an ancient system that developed near the water table controlled by the position of the aquiclude and correspond to the base level of a past fluvial network. An important phase of base level cave development is documented in the relict passages above 90 m a.s.l. Speleogenetic features between 90 and 160 m developed in a phreatic environment where paragenesis or \"per ascensum erosion\" processes occurred during base level rise. Epiphreatic features were identified at 60-70 m in Kassarat and Jeita caves. Typical morphological features such as horizontal solution passages and solution notches suggest a phase of stillstand of the base-level. The evolution of the water table level from a paragenetic rise above 90 m to a continuous lowering below 90 m and with a temporary stillstand phase at 70-60 m, is related to the fluvial base-level evolution. Preliminar chronological constraints for the evolution of the karst system are discussed based on U/Th dating of speleothems and cave levels (90-160 and 60-70 m) and their relationship with the altitude of the low-gradient surfaces. The cave levels between 90 and 160 m are related to a water table rise that caused an alluviation process at the river's mouth probably during the Pliocene transgression phase of the Mediterranean Sea (PHS). Abandoning of the upper cave levels (90-160 and 60-70 m) is the result of a continuous lowering of the water table related to fluvial incision. The lowering of the water table level below 90 m is mainly related to the fluvial incision of the acquiclude in a high geodynamic context (Mount Lebanon uplift) during the Pleistocene.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79595533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Raj, L. S. Chamyal, N. Juyal, B. Phartiyal, S. N. Ali, B. Thakur
{"title":"Late Quaternary fluvio-aeolian interaction: palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimatic conditions in the pediment zone of Vatrak River basin, western India","authors":"R. Raj, L. S. Chamyal, N. Juyal, B. Phartiyal, S. N. Ali, B. Thakur","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2016/0234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2016/0234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74364942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-01DOI: 10.1127/zfg_suppl/2015/S-00188
C. Stolz, D. Nass, A. Fülling
{"title":"Process-response systems on the floodplains of lowland rivers: Results from the Treene River in the northernmost part of Germany concerning human impact and carbon budgeting","authors":"C. Stolz, D. Nass, A. Fülling","doi":"10.1127/zfg_suppl/2015/S-00188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/zfg_suppl/2015/S-00188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88955795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Frankl, T. Lenaerts, S. Radusinović, V. Spalević, J. Nyssen
Despite the large variability of landforms in Montenegro, no attempts have yet been made to regionalize its geomorphology. However, Digital Elevation Models are globally availability and in recent decades we have seen a strong increase in computation possibilities to map and quantify relief. Here, we used the Geomorphon method to define and delineate the geomorphological characteristics of Montenegro, using the ASTER Digital Elevation Model with 30 m resolution. Together with a literature review and field observations, this has led to the preparation of a regional geomorphological map of Montenegro at scale 1:800,000. In total, seven geomorphological regions were recognized: Coastal Montenegro, High Karst, Inland Depression, Durmitor Flysch, Northwestern Highlands, Prokletije and the Northern Cristalline Hills. Karst landforms largely dominate the geomorphology of the country, with the occurrence of numerous dolines, uvala's, large poljes (Gradaj, Grahovo and Njegusi) and karst plateaus (Banjani, Jezerska Povrs). Limestone areas are often dissected by impressive canyons (Moraca, Cijevna, Mala Rijeka, Tara, Susica and Piva), of which the formation is thought to be parallel with that of the ria coast. The latter corresponds to large submerged river valleys that were scoured during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Besides karst features, a glacial imprint can be found in Montenegro, which is amongst the southernmost in Europe. To conclude, the Geomorphon method allowed making a rapid assessment of the country's main geomorphological characteristics, that could be further defined with existing research and field observations. Furthermore, the method also shows good potential in supporting detailed field-investigations as demonstrated here for the Njegusi polje.
{"title":"The regional geomorphology of Montenegro mapped using Land Surface Parameters","authors":"A. Frankl, T. Lenaerts, S. Radusinović, V. Spalević, J. Nyssen","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2016/0221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2016/0221","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the large variability of landforms in Montenegro, no attempts have yet been made to regionalize its geomorphology. However, Digital Elevation Models are globally availability and in recent decades we have seen a strong increase in computation possibilities to map and quantify relief. Here, we used the Geomorphon method to define and delineate the geomorphological characteristics of Montenegro, using the ASTER Digital Elevation Model with 30 m resolution. Together with a literature review and field observations, this has led to the preparation of a regional geomorphological map of Montenegro at scale 1:800,000. In total, seven geomorphological regions were recognized: Coastal Montenegro, High Karst, Inland Depression, Durmitor Flysch, Northwestern Highlands, Prokletije and the Northern Cristalline Hills. Karst landforms largely dominate the geomorphology of the country, with the occurrence of numerous dolines, uvala's, large poljes (Gradaj, Grahovo and Njegusi) and karst plateaus (Banjani, Jezerska Povrs). Limestone areas are often dissected by impressive canyons (Moraca, Cijevna, Mala Rijeka, Tara, Susica and Piva), of which the formation is thought to be parallel with that of the ria coast. The latter corresponds to large submerged river valleys that were scoured during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Besides karst features, a glacial imprint can be found in Montenegro, which is amongst the southernmost in Europe. To conclude, the Geomorphon method allowed making a rapid assessment of the country's main geomorphological characteristics, that could be further defined with existing research and field observations. Furthermore, the method also shows good potential in supporting detailed field-investigations as demonstrated here for the Njegusi polje.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80699450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils in a shallow landslide area in the Serra do Mar, São Paulo, Brazil","authors":"Maria Carolina Villaça Gomes, B. Vieira","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2016/0229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2016/0229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77817983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The polygenetic origin and surface development of the Laspi slope deformation in the Crimean Mountains","authors":"K. Šilhán, T. Pánek, J. Hradecký, R. Tichavský","doi":"10.1127/zfg/2016/0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/zfg/2016/0227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88663905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Morkūnaitė, Jolanta Radžiūnienė, K. Navickas, Vilija Gudynienė, Arturas Bautrenas
The present study is aimed at assessing coastal dune changes under anthropogenic load in the most visited area of the Lithuanian part of Curonian Spit and determining the limits of recreational capacity which could serve as a basis for creating measures to control the flows of beach users. The study is focused on assessment of degradation of whiteand grey-sand dune habitats at the Parnidis Dune (environs of Nida settlement). It describes the forms of relief and processes of deflation and accumulation in the study area and identifies the reasons for changes in aeolian substratum. The condition or “healthiness” (good, average, or bad) of sand habitats around the Parnidis Dune (43 m NN)1 is described based on the structure and forms of aeolian sand habitats and species composition of dune vegetation. The number of beach users affecting the aeolian forms at the Parnidis Dune (43 m NN) was investigate, and the critical carrying capacity of beaches (25 beach users per 1 m2 in 6 hours of day) was established. Based on the parameters distinguished for characterization of the state of whiteand grey-sand habitats, the authors developed new data and methods for the evaluation of the degree of degradation of the mentioned dunes.
本研究旨在评估库尔尼沙嘴立陶宛部分游客最多的地区在人为负荷下的海岸沙丘变化，并确定娱乐能力的极限，这可以作为制定控制海滩使用者流量措施的基础。本研究对Parnidis沙丘(Nida聚落周边)白沙和灰沙生境的退化进行了评价。描述了研究区内的地形起伏形式、收缩和堆积过程，并确定了风成基底变化的原因。根据风沙生境的结构和形式以及沙丘植被的种类组成，描述了Parnidis沙丘(43 m NN)1周围沙生境的“健康”状况(好、一般或差)。研究了影响Parnidis沙丘风沙形态的海滩使用者数量(43 m NN)，并建立了海滩的临界承载能力(每天6小时每1 m2有25个海滩使用者)。在此基础上，提出了评价灰沙和白沙生境退化程度的新数据和新方法。
{"title":"Assessment of degradation of white and grey dune habitats in the Curonian Spit: a case study of Parnidis Dune (Nida environs, Lithuania)","authors":"R. Morkūnaitė, Jolanta Radžiūnienė, K. Navickas, Vilija Gudynienė, Arturas Bautrenas","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2016/0294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2016/0294","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is aimed at assessing coastal dune changes under anthropogenic load in the most visited area of the Lithuanian part of Curonian Spit and determining the limits of recreational capacity which could serve as a basis for creating measures to control the flows of beach users. The study is focused on assessment of degradation of whiteand grey-sand dune habitats at the Parnidis Dune (environs of Nida settlement). It describes the forms of relief and processes of deflation and accumulation in the study area and identifies the reasons for changes in aeolian substratum. The condition or “healthiness” (good, average, or bad) of sand habitats around the Parnidis Dune (43 m NN)1 is described based on the structure and forms of aeolian sand habitats and species composition of dune vegetation. The number of beach users affecting the aeolian forms at the Parnidis Dune (43 m NN) was investigate, and the critical carrying capacity of beaches (25 beach users per 1 m2 in 6 hours of day) was established. Based on the parameters distinguished for characterization of the state of whiteand grey-sand habitats, the authors developed new data and methods for the evaluation of the degree of degradation of the mentioned dunes.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84210958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Untersuchung im Hochgebirgskarst des Untersberg konzentriert sich auf den Vergleich von Böden auf der Plateaufläche und Sedimenten aus den korrelaten Höhlengangsystemen (Riesending, Kolowrat) mit dem Ziel, die dominanten Substrate im System Doline auf dem Weg in den Karstuntergrund zu ermitteln. Dazu werden in zuvor definierten Dolinenhaupttypen in der subalpinen Stufe Bodentypen entlang von Catenen an Dolinenhängen untersucht (Höhenintervall: 1770 m bis 1790 m). Die Beprobung der akkumulierten Höhlensedimente findet in den Horizontalgängen der unteren Stockwerke (800–1020 m ü. NN) statt. Zusätzlich werden Stechzylinderproben von Höhlensedimenten an der Karstwasserbasis (680 m ü. NN) entnommen, welche die Kontaktzone zwischen Karstwasserkörper und Quellaustritt im Untersbergmassiv repräsentieren. Aussagekräftige Laborkenngrößen (z. B. pH-Wert, Kalk, Korngrößen, Elementanalyse) markieren bodengenetische Veränderungen im oberirdischen Karst der Plateaufläche und ermöglichen Rückschlüsse auf dominante Substrattypen und ihre Eintragsdynamik in den unterirdischen Karst. Die Evaluierung der innerhalb der Dolinenhaupttypen ermittelten Felddaten belegt, dass besonders an Dolinen-Schacht-Komplexen die Bodenerosion entlang der Unterhänge ansetzt. Grund dafür sind günstige Expositionsverhältnisse, welche die Schneemächtigkeit aber auch eine Verlängerung der Schneeschmelze verursachen. Hingegen sind abflusslose Dolinen deutliche Akkumulationsstandorte für die verlagerten Bodensubstrate. Im Gegensatz zu den Sedimenten auf der Plateaufläche wird im Karstuntergrund verstärkt äolisch geprägtes Material (z. B. Schluffdominanz, Glimmer, Feinsand) detektiert, welches zuvor im System Doline über Niederschläge und Schneeschmelzwässer verlagert wurde. Auffälligerweise bleiben die äolischen Komponenten auch in den Höhlensedimenten an der Karstwasserbasis sowie in den Trübestoffproben am Quellwasseraustritt nachweisbar. Damit wird dokumentiert, dass innerhalb von Karbonatkomplexen der Nördlichen Kalkalpen auch äolischer Staub einem Transportzyklus unterworfen ist.
{"title":"Sedimenttransport zwischen Dolinenkarst und Riesendinghöhle am Untersberg (Nördliche Kalkalpen)","authors":"C. Mix, Carola Küfmann","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2015/0165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2015/0165","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Untersuchung im Hochgebirgskarst des Untersberg konzentriert sich auf den Vergleich von Böden auf der Plateaufläche und Sedimenten aus den korrelaten Höhlengangsystemen (Riesending, Kolowrat) mit dem Ziel, die dominanten Substrate im System Doline auf dem Weg in den Karstuntergrund zu ermitteln. Dazu werden in zuvor definierten Dolinenhaupttypen in der subalpinen Stufe Bodentypen entlang von Catenen an Dolinenhängen untersucht (Höhenintervall: 1770 m bis 1790 m). Die Beprobung der akkumulierten Höhlensedimente findet in den Horizontalgängen der unteren Stockwerke (800–1020 m ü. NN) statt. Zusätzlich werden Stechzylinderproben von Höhlensedimenten an der Karstwasserbasis (680 m ü. NN) entnommen, welche die Kontaktzone zwischen Karstwasserkörper und Quellaustritt im Untersbergmassiv repräsentieren. Aussagekräftige Laborkenngrößen (z. B. pH-Wert, Kalk, Korngrößen, Elementanalyse) markieren bodengenetische Veränderungen im oberirdischen Karst der Plateaufläche und ermöglichen Rückschlüsse auf dominante Substrattypen und ihre Eintragsdynamik in den unterirdischen Karst. Die Evaluierung der innerhalb der Dolinenhaupttypen ermittelten Felddaten belegt, dass besonders an Dolinen-Schacht-Komplexen die Bodenerosion entlang der Unterhänge ansetzt. Grund dafür sind günstige Expositionsverhältnisse, welche die Schneemächtigkeit aber auch eine Verlängerung der Schneeschmelze verursachen. Hingegen sind abflusslose Dolinen deutliche Akkumulationsstandorte für die verlagerten Bodensubstrate. Im Gegensatz zu den Sedimenten auf der Plateaufläche wird im Karstuntergrund verstärkt äolisch geprägtes Material (z. B. Schluffdominanz, Glimmer, Feinsand) detektiert, welches zuvor im System Doline über Niederschläge und Schneeschmelzwässer verlagert wurde. Auffälligerweise bleiben die äolischen Komponenten auch in den Höhlensedimenten an der Karstwasserbasis sowie in den Trübestoffproben am Quellwasseraustritt nachweisbar. Damit wird dokumentiert, dass innerhalb von Karbonatkomplexen der Nördlichen Kalkalpen auch äolischer Staub einem Transportzyklus unterworfen ist.","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87573141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modélisation de l'érosion hydrique et des facteurs causaux, Cas de l'oued Sahla, Rif Central, Maroc","authors":"H. Mesrar, Abdelhamid Sadiki, Ana Navas, A. Faleh, Laura Quijano, Jamal Chaaouan","doi":"10.1127/ZFG/2015/0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ZFG/2015/0169","url":null,"abstract":"17 Pags.- 7 igs.- 6 Tabls. The definitive version is available at: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/schweiz/zfg","PeriodicalId":49346,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85470975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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