Several cognitive functions of sleep, including a role in supporting memory consolidation, are conserved across the evolution of animal species. As outlined here, studies of insect behavior and neural circuits have identified key synaptic and circuit mechanisms through which sleep can influence long-term memories.
All events unfold over time, and the temporal parameters of events matter for cognition. Yet it is common for scholars across disciplines to summarize events using atemporal statistics. Here, we underscore the urgency of illuminating the temporal structure of behavior streams and testing implications for learning. We review evidence on the importance of timing for cognition, drawing on our expertise in developmental science. We provide a framework for the quantification of single behavior streams, coordination between multiple streams, and the organization of streams across extended and multiple timescales. We highlight opportunities for methodological, analytic, and theoretical innovation to advance a temporal science of behavior. Parameterizing the temporal structure of events will accelerate scientific progress on human, animal, and artificial learning systems.
A core function of visual working memory (WM) is to sustain mental representations of recent visual inputs, thereby bridging moments of experience. This is thought to occur in part by recruiting early 'sensory' cortical regions, via flexible fronto-parietal mechanisms. The nature of visual cortex activity during WM has been elusive, but new evidence suggests that early WM representations can transform from a sensory-like code into a format that is shaped by task context and optimized for behavior. Here, we review evidence for transformations in visual cortical WM coding, the various forms they take, and their functional importance. Visual cortex may be an active workspace during WM, where flexible and 'good enough' WM representations serve to interface with perception and action.
In an information-rich world the ability to choose not to know is an important cognitive tool. But what are the developmental origins of deliberate ignorance? We identify a selection of cognitive capacities and changes in children's information ecology that make deliberate ignorance increasingly possible - and desirable - across development.
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：