Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3161
Essien-Ibok, M. A., G. U. U., Ekpo, I. E., Emah, N. M.
An assessment of the specie composition and diversity of fish species from Qua Iboe River Estuary was carried out over a period of six months (March-August, 2019). A total of thirty - one (31) species representing seventeen (17) families were identified under the families Bothidae, Charangidae, Clupeidae, Cynoglossidae, Drepanidae, Eleotridae, Gobiidae, Haemulidae, Polynemidae, Soleidae, Sciaenidae, Sparidae, Sphyraenidae, Scombridae, Tetraodontidae, Trachinidae and Trichuridae. Monthly abundance was lowest in April (122 specimens; 6.21 %) and was highest in March (545 specimens; 27.72 %). The longest species was Trichirus lepturus while the shortest were Drepane africana and Selena dorsalis. Family Sciaenidae had the highest representation in terms of species and Haemulidae had the highest number of individuals. Shannon-Weiner Index of general Diversity (H) value was showing dominance of in Charangidae family. Evenness Index (E) showed all the species were not equally distributed in the waters. Assessment of the condition factor (K) revealed that 22 out of 31 fish species K values less than 5 showing good body condition and wellbeing of the fish while 11 species showed bad body condition. The estuary has a rich ichthyofauna complex. Effective exploitation measures should be used to deter the menace of local extinction in the near future.
{"title":"Species Composition and Diversity of Coastal Trawled Fishes Landed Off the Coast of Qua Iboe River Estuary, Ibeno, Nigeria","authors":"Essien-Ibok, M. A., G. U. U., Ekpo, I. E., Emah, N. M.","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3161","url":null,"abstract":"An assessment of the specie composition and diversity of fish species from Qua Iboe River Estuary was carried out over a period of six months (March-August, 2019). A total of thirty - one (31) species representing seventeen (17) families were identified under the families Bothidae, Charangidae, Clupeidae, Cynoglossidae, Drepanidae, Eleotridae, Gobiidae, Haemulidae, Polynemidae, Soleidae, Sciaenidae, Sparidae, Sphyraenidae, Scombridae, Tetraodontidae, Trachinidae and Trichuridae. Monthly abundance was lowest in April (122 specimens; 6.21 %) and was highest in March (545 specimens; 27.72 %). The longest species was Trichirus lepturus while the shortest were Drepane africana and Selena dorsalis. Family Sciaenidae had the highest representation in terms of species and Haemulidae had the highest number of individuals. Shannon-Weiner Index of general Diversity (H) value was showing dominance of in Charangidae family. Evenness Index (E) showed all the species were not equally distributed in the waters. Assessment of the condition factor (K) revealed that 22 out of 31 fish species K values less than 5 showing good body condition and wellbeing of the fish while 11 species showed bad body condition. The estuary has a rich ichthyofauna complex. Effective exploitation measures should be used to deter the menace of local extinction in the near future.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141807740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3160
Satinder Kaur, Sarita Raina, S. Jangral
The present study on fish diversity from Manawar Tawi, Rajouri (J&K) was carried out for the period of three months from September 2023 to November 2023. Fishes are very important from biodiversity point of view. Therefore, during the present survey, total six fish species belonging to five genera and two families were collected and identified in this region. Also the distribution of different chromatophores was studied in the fish Labeo boga. This study emphasizes the importance of conducting regular surveys in order to analyse the impact of anthropogenic activities on the fish diversity and impact of pollution on the distribution of chromatophores.
{"title":"Study on the Fish Diversity and Distribution of Chromatophores in Some Fishes Inhabiting Manawar Tawi, Rajouri(J&K), India","authors":"Satinder Kaur, Sarita Raina, S. Jangral","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3160","url":null,"abstract":"The present study on fish diversity from Manawar Tawi, Rajouri (J&K) was carried out for the period of three months from September 2023 to November 2023. Fishes are very important from biodiversity point of view. Therefore, during the present survey, total six fish species belonging to five genera and two families were collected and identified in this region. Also the distribution of different chromatophores was studied in the fish Labeo boga. This study emphasizes the importance of conducting regular surveys in order to analyse the impact of anthropogenic activities on the fish diversity and impact of pollution on the distribution of chromatophores.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3155
Brah Nouri, Moussa Hassan Ousseini, Issa Salissou
This study aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating locally available ingredients into the diet of young indigenous chickens in Niger on their growth performance. Two hundred chickens, aged 6 weeks, were utilized in the study and randomly assigned to four groups of ten birds each, housed on peanut shell bedding. The diets were formulated using a variety of local ingredients including millet, wheat bran, millet bran, peanut cake, sorrel seeds, fish meal, locust meal, moringa leaves, and bone meal. Water was provided ad libitum to all birds, and the feeding trial lasted for 4 months. Results revealed that the third diet was the most preferred by the local chickens. The diet significantly influenced the live weight of the chickens in the second month (P=0.000) and showed a significant effect during the third month (P=0.020) of the experiment. Sexual dimorphism was observed between hens and roosters for diets 2, 3, and 4. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference in the Average Daily Gain of local chickens among the different treatments during the first month. Additionally, the diet significantly influenced the consumption index of local chickens during the first month of the experiment (P=0.055). Based on the findings, it is suggested that Diet 2, containing fish meal, can be utilized in areas where fish availability and accessibility are high. Conversely, Diets 3 and 4 may be more suitable for regions prone to locust infestations. To facilitate the adoption of these dietary formulations, it is recommended to replicate the experiments in rural settings.
{"title":"Effect of Locally Available Feed on the Zootechnical Performance of Local Chickens in Niger","authors":"Brah Nouri, Moussa Hassan Ousseini, Issa Salissou","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3155","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating locally available ingredients into the diet of young indigenous chickens in Niger on their growth performance. Two hundred chickens, aged 6 weeks, were utilized in the study and randomly assigned to four groups of ten birds each, housed on peanut shell bedding. The diets were formulated using a variety of local ingredients including millet, wheat bran, millet bran, peanut cake, sorrel seeds, fish meal, locust meal, moringa leaves, and bone meal. Water was provided ad libitum to all birds, and the feeding trial lasted for 4 months. Results revealed that the third diet was the most preferred by the local chickens. The diet significantly influenced the live weight of the chickens in the second month (P=0.000) and showed a significant effect during the third month (P=0.020) of the experiment. Sexual dimorphism was observed between hens and roosters for diets 2, 3, and 4. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference in the Average Daily Gain of local chickens among the different treatments during the first month. Additionally, the diet significantly influenced the consumption index of local chickens during the first month of the experiment (P=0.055). Based on the findings, it is suggested that Diet 2, containing fish meal, can be utilized in areas where fish availability and accessibility are high. Conversely, Diets 3 and 4 may be more suitable for regions prone to locust infestations. To facilitate the adoption of these dietary formulations, it is recommended to replicate the experiments in rural settings.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3154
Mutasim Yousif Mohamed Abdalla, Abu Elgasim Ibrahim Abd Elhalim, Mujtaba EL-Khair Shuaib, Abdalla Mustafa Hamid, Noha Ahmed Sati, Moatez Mohammed Elhassan, A. E. Adam
This study aims to investigate some reproductive aspects of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in the Khashm El-Girba reservoir and Atbara River, eastern Sudan. The study was conducted during December 2015 to November 2016. Samples were collected bi-monthly basis from three localities, namely; Um Aswad (Atbara River), El-Remila, and El-Monaba (Khashm El-Girba reservoir), using beach seine nets of 1.2 cm 4.0 cm and 7.0 cm stretched mesh. A total of 1595 O. niloticus specimens were collected from all sampling sites. The age of O. niloticus was estimated using five anterior vertebrae of fish body; The results indicate that the age ranged between 0+ to 4+ years. Most of the collected fish specimens were of age 1+, with females most dominant at this age. Sex ratio was 1:1(M: F). Gonado-somatic index (GSI) of females of O. niloticus ranged between 1.965 – 2.620, and from 0.434 – 0.439 for males. Two periods of increase of GSI were observed reflecting two breeding seasons of this species. Used gravimetric method to estimate the average fecundity of O. niloticus ranged between 481 eggs in Um Aswad sampling site, and 638 in El-Remila site. The fecundity of O. niloticus has a high correlation with gonadal weight (r=0.82708) but a low correlation with standard length (r=0.47612) and total weight (r=0.50874). The results of this investigation on O. niloticus indicate that the age of the fish ranged from 0+ to 4+ years, with a sex ratio of 1:1. The Gonado-somatic Index (GSI) indicated two spawning seasons, and fecundity was found to be strongly correlated with gonad weight, and moderately correlated with total length and standard length. This results can be used formulate management policies and procedures for protecting and conserving the fisheries resources and to regulate and improve the catches of the most important commercial fish species in that region.
{"title":"A Study of Age, Sex Ratio, Gonado-Somatic Index, Fecundity, and Breeding Season, of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) from Khashm El-Girba Reservoir and Atbara River, Eastern Sudan","authors":"Mutasim Yousif Mohamed Abdalla, Abu Elgasim Ibrahim Abd Elhalim, Mujtaba EL-Khair Shuaib, Abdalla Mustafa Hamid, Noha Ahmed Sati, Moatez Mohammed Elhassan, A. E. Adam","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3154","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate some reproductive aspects of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in the Khashm El-Girba reservoir and Atbara River, eastern Sudan. The study was conducted during December 2015 to November 2016. Samples were collected bi-monthly basis from three localities, namely; Um Aswad (Atbara River), El-Remila, and El-Monaba (Khashm El-Girba reservoir), using beach seine nets of 1.2 cm 4.0 cm and 7.0 cm stretched mesh. A total of 1595 O. niloticus specimens were collected from all sampling sites. The age of O. niloticus was estimated using five anterior vertebrae of fish body; The results indicate that the age ranged between 0+ to 4+ years. Most of the collected fish specimens were of age 1+, with females most dominant at this age. Sex ratio was 1:1(M: F). Gonado-somatic index (GSI) of females of O. niloticus ranged between 1.965 – 2.620, and from 0.434 – 0.439 for males. Two periods of increase of GSI were observed reflecting two breeding seasons of this species. Used gravimetric method to estimate the average fecundity of O. niloticus ranged between 481 eggs in Um Aswad sampling site, and 638 in El-Remila site. The fecundity of O. niloticus has a high correlation with gonadal weight (r=0.82708) but a low correlation with standard length (r=0.47612) and total weight (r=0.50874).\u0000The results of this investigation on O. niloticus indicate that the age of the fish ranged from 0+ to 4+ years, with a sex ratio of 1:1. The Gonado-somatic Index (GSI) indicated two spawning seasons, and fecundity was found to be strongly correlated with gonad weight, and moderately correlated with total length and standard length. This results can be used formulate management policies and procedures for protecting and conserving the fisheries resources and to regulate and improve the catches of the most important commercial fish species in that region.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3153
Aakriti Shrivastava, V. K. Sharma
Sustainable ecosystem is huge topic for discussion in this era. It's a continuous process that comes from some biotic and abiotic factors such as; pollution of the atmosphere, waste production, toxic substance disposal, damaged aquatic ecosystems, deforestation, etc. To control the loss of biodiversity we must apply some innovative technologies of genome analysis and database management systems. Spiders (order Araneae) are the species which is broadly distributed in our diversity. Latrodectus is a genus of amazing spiders commonly known as a black widow have numerous attractive features and is a huge research topic, Because of its biological product and behavior. The literature review has been carried out by following reasoning methodology and is presented. The results of this study indicate that different researchers have taken different approaches to analysing the genomic data with some broadly use methods like whole genome sequencing, genotyping, and different proteome analysis and management of data Overall, it is evident from the literature offers a meaningful option, especially for managing genomic data and provided new framework towards the sustainable ecosystem.
{"title":"A Review on Bioinformatics and Genomic Advances in Black Widow Spider Research","authors":"Aakriti Shrivastava, V. K. Sharma","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3153","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable ecosystem is huge topic for discussion in this era. It's a continuous process that comes from some biotic and abiotic factors such as; pollution of the atmosphere, waste production, toxic substance disposal, damaged aquatic ecosystems, deforestation, etc. To control the loss of biodiversity we must apply some innovative technologies of genome analysis and database management systems. Spiders (order Araneae) are the species which is broadly distributed in our diversity. Latrodectus is a genus of amazing spiders commonly known as a black widow have numerous attractive features and is a huge research topic, Because of its biological product and behavior. The literature review has been carried out by following reasoning methodology and is presented. The results of this study indicate that different researchers have taken different approaches to analysing the genomic data with some broadly use methods like whole genome sequencing, genotyping, and different proteome analysis and management of data Overall, it is evident from the literature offers a meaningful option, especially for managing genomic data and provided new framework towards the sustainable ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141376143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2150
F. E. Siagian
Aims: To revisited carefully previously published articles available in the internet regarding predilection site of Trichinella spp larvae including their pathogenesis and its potency. Discussion: By carefully reviewing previously published literature available in the internet regarding the parasite Trichinella tropism to its host’s striated muscle, the author briefly withdraw some important keypoint to be revealed. The nematode Trichinella spp causes serious zoonosis called trichinellosis, a disease affecting striated or skeletal muscles which consider as one of tropical disease. Even though its natural host varied, but infection among live stocks, such as pigs and other animals, which are raising public health concern. Human infection occurs after consumption of raw or undercooked meat or meat products contain muscle larvae of T. spiralis. The tropism of the parasite for individual striated muscles and/or striated muscle groups varies significantly. Trichinella spp. has a direct life cycle where all three life cycle stages (the infective muscle larvae, adult, and new born larvae) happen serially in one host only. Intestine-dwelling adults of Trichinella produce newborn larvae that bypass the enterocyte, enter the bloodstream and colonize skeletal muscle. The muscle larvae assemble excretory-secretory products which play crucial role in establishing and maintaining persistent parasitism and the host’s immune modulation and evasion. It turns out that excretory-secretory products from muscle larvae and mature worm also have hidden medical potential that can be used to treat allergic problems, inflammation-based diseases, autoimmunity and even malignancy. Conclusion: Trichinellosis is a serious and potentially fatal zoonosis which transmitted through consuming raw or uncooked contaminated meat or its comestibles. Its primary tropism is to the host’s striated muscle and infection can persist for a long time facilitated by several reciprocities of its product (e.g., excretory-secretory) with the host’s cell and immune system. Fortunately, there are several promising potency in the field of therapeutic and prevention medicine which should be explored intensely.
{"title":"Predilection Site for the Meat Lover Trichinella spp Larvae and its Pathogenesis and Potency in Human Host","authors":"F. E. Siagian","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2150","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To revisited carefully previously published articles available in the internet regarding predilection site of Trichinella spp larvae including their pathogenesis and its potency. \u0000Discussion: By carefully reviewing previously published literature available in the internet regarding the parasite Trichinella tropism to its host’s striated muscle, the author briefly withdraw some important keypoint to be revealed. The nematode Trichinella spp causes serious zoonosis called trichinellosis, a disease affecting striated or skeletal muscles which consider as one of tropical disease. Even though its natural host varied, but infection among live stocks, such as pigs and other animals, which are raising public health concern. Human infection occurs after consumption of raw or undercooked meat or meat products contain muscle larvae of T. spiralis. The tropism of the parasite for individual striated muscles and/or striated muscle groups varies significantly. Trichinella spp. has a direct life cycle where all three life cycle stages (the infective muscle larvae, adult, and new born larvae) happen serially in one host only. Intestine-dwelling adults of Trichinella produce newborn larvae that bypass the enterocyte, enter the bloodstream and colonize skeletal muscle. The muscle larvae assemble excretory-secretory products which play crucial role in establishing and maintaining persistent parasitism and the host’s immune modulation and evasion. It turns out that excretory-secretory products from muscle larvae and mature worm also have hidden medical potential that can be used to treat allergic problems, inflammation-based diseases, autoimmunity and even malignancy. \u0000Conclusion: Trichinellosis is a serious and potentially fatal zoonosis which transmitted through consuming raw or uncooked contaminated meat or its comestibles. Its primary tropism is to the host’s striated muscle and infection can persist for a long time facilitated by several reciprocities of its product (e.g., excretory-secretory) with the host’s cell and immune system. Fortunately, there are several promising potency in the field of therapeutic and prevention medicine which should be explored intensely.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2149
Ikhsan Abdilla Yahya, S. Sitepu, Adhona Bhajana Wijaya Negara
Aims: This research aims to determine the effect of purwoceng extract on Etawa crossbreed bucks Study Design: Completely randomized non-factorial design with 4 treatments given to bucks (ethawa crossbreeds), namely Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS or Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) extract Place and Duration of Study: Ikhsan Farm, Sei Glugur Village, Pancur Batu District, Indonesia, between December 2023 and March 2024. Methodology: The research was carried out by administering various doses of purwoceng extract to Etawa crossbreed bucks and then observing mating with Etawa crossbreed doe. The treatment given was administration of purwoceng extract in amounts P0 (0 mg), P1 (400 mg), P2 (800 mg), and P3 (1400 mg). The research parameters were the frequency of mounting does, the frequency of penetration, the number of doe mounted and the number of doe penetrated. Results: There was an increase in the values of all parameters. The lowest frequency of mounting doe is P0, namely 17 and the highest is P3, namely 32. The lowest frequency of penetration is P0, namely 12 and the highest is 20. The lowest number of doe mounted is P0 and P1, namely 5 and the highest is P3, namely 7. The lowest number of doe penetrations is P0 and P1 are 5 and the highest are P2 and P3, namely 6. Conclusion: The best treatment is the addition of 800 mg of purwoceng extract (P2), Because the highest number of penetrating doe has the same value between P2 and P3, it will be more efficient if the treatment used is P2.
{"title":"The Effect of Purwoceng Extract on the Etawa Crossbreed Bucks Mating","authors":"Ikhsan Abdilla Yahya, S. Sitepu, Adhona Bhajana Wijaya Negara","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2149","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This research aims to determine the effect of purwoceng extract on Etawa crossbreed bucks \u0000Study Design: Completely randomized non-factorial design with 4 treatments given to bucks (ethawa crossbreeds), namely Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS or Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) extract \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Ikhsan Farm, Sei Glugur Village, Pancur Batu District, Indonesia, between December 2023 and March 2024. \u0000Methodology: The research was carried out by administering various doses of purwoceng extract to Etawa crossbreed bucks and then observing mating with Etawa crossbreed doe. The treatment given was administration of purwoceng extract in amounts P0 (0 mg), P1 (400 mg), P2 (800 mg), and P3 (1400 mg). The research parameters were the frequency of mounting does, the frequency of penetration, the number of doe mounted and the number of doe penetrated. \u0000Results: There was an increase in the values of all parameters. The lowest frequency of mounting doe is P0, namely 17 and the highest is P3, namely 32. The lowest frequency of penetration is P0, namely 12 and the highest is 20. The lowest number of doe mounted is P0 and P1, namely 5 and the highest is P3, namely 7. The lowest number of doe penetrations is P0 and P1 are 5 and the highest are P2 and P3, namely 6. \u0000Conclusion: The best treatment is the addition of 800 mg of purwoceng extract (P2), Because the highest number of penetrating doe has the same value between P2 and P3, it will be more efficient if the treatment used is P2.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141009572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2146
Otoh, A. J., George, U. U., Asangusung, P. S., Okoko, A. C., Ekanem, I. E., Umaha, M. N.
This study was conducted at the hatchery complex of Akwa Ibom State University to investigate the effects of different batches of stripped egg on reproductive performances of Clarias gariepinus. Nine brood stocks of Clarias gariepinus (six males and 3 females) with average body weight of 2.3kg and 64.2 cm where carefully selected for the study. Six matured males were euthanized for the removal of testis without hormonal inducements. The milt collected from the six males were pooled together and divided into 12 portions each diluted with 2mL of normal saline solution. Three female brood stocks where separately induced with hormone at single dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight and allowed for a period of 10 hours before stripping. Stripping of eggs from each brood stock where in four batches, each batch measured 50g and labeled A, B, C and D. 3g of eggs containing approximately 2000 oocytes (eggs) where measured out from each batch and mixed with the diluted milt and incubated in a 2 x 1 x 10cm3 of water in a concrete pond at temperature of 26oC in three replicates. The result revealed that the reproductive performances considered in this study decreased as the batches of stripped eggs increased from 1 ̶ 4 batches. The first batch of stripped eggs produced 87.69 ± 0.42, 97.06 ± 0.84, 84.29 ± 1.05 percentage fertilization, hatchability and survival rate respectively, while the least batch of stripped eggs (batch 4) produced the least value of fertilization 50.33 ± 1.67, 31.93 ± 4.94 hatchability and survival rate value of 42.69 ± 0.61. Therefore, from the above result, the least batch of stripped eggs should not be used for fertilization because the unhatched or dead eggs has a negative effect on the fertilized eggs including fry at the hatchery level.
{"title":"Investigation into the Impacts of Varied Batches of Stripped Eggs on the Reproductive Success of Clarias gariepinus","authors":"Otoh, A. J., George, U. U., Asangusung, P. S., Okoko, A. C., Ekanem, I. E., Umaha, M. N.","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2146","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at the hatchery complex of Akwa Ibom State University to investigate the effects of different batches of stripped egg on reproductive performances of Clarias gariepinus. Nine brood stocks of Clarias gariepinus (six males and 3 females) with average body weight of 2.3kg and 64.2 cm where carefully selected for the study. Six matured males were euthanized for the removal of testis without hormonal inducements. The milt collected from the six males were pooled together and divided into 12 portions each diluted with 2mL of normal saline solution. Three female brood stocks where separately induced with hormone at single dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight and allowed for a period of 10 hours before stripping. Stripping of eggs from each brood stock where in four batches, each batch measured 50g and labeled A, B, C and D. 3g of eggs containing approximately 2000 oocytes (eggs) where measured out from each batch and mixed with the diluted milt and incubated in a 2 x 1 x 10cm3 of water in a concrete pond at temperature of 26oC in three replicates. The result revealed that the reproductive performances considered in this study decreased as the batches of stripped eggs increased from 1 ̶ 4 batches. The first batch of stripped eggs produced 87.69 ± 0.42, 97.06 ± 0.84, 84.29 ± 1.05 percentage fertilization, hatchability and survival rate respectively, while the least batch of stripped eggs (batch 4) produced the least value of fertilization 50.33 ± 1.67, 31.93 ± 4.94 hatchability and survival rate value of 42.69 ± 0.61. Therefore, from the above result, the least batch of stripped eggs should not be used for fertilization because the unhatched or dead eggs has a negative effect on the fertilized eggs including fry at the hatchery level.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140210708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2145
M. S. M. Lakshmi, T. E. T. Sunitha
Apiculture is the practice of keeping bees as well as the manufacturing of honey and beeswax. Nectar is the main source of carbohydrates for honey bees. The amount of nectar needed pet colony depends on how concentrated the sugars are in the nectar. A worker bee needs 11 mg of dry sugar each day, which translates to about 22 µl of 50% sugar syrup per bee per day. In order to make honeybees grow satisfactorily enough feed must be provided, and feed should have all the necessary nutrients for the growth of honeybees. The important nutrients such as amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and requirements of vitamins and minerals are necessary for the growth and development of honeybees. During development, several structural, physiological, and biochemical changes occur takes place in an organism from stage to stage. There is a variation in the quality of all biochemical components. In the present study, the free amino acids from the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult honeybee Apis cerana indica and also honey have been analyzed. This work was carried out by adopting the technique of paper chromatography. The developed chromatograms were dried and the spots were identified by spraying with (O.IN) Ninhydrin in acetone. The Rf values were calculated and compared with the Rf values of the standard amino acids. The presence of amino acids in different life stages of honeybee and honey were analyzed and compared.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Amino Acids in the Different Stages of Honey Bee","authors":"M. S. M. Lakshmi, T. E. T. Sunitha","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2145","url":null,"abstract":"Apiculture is the practice of keeping bees as well as the manufacturing of honey and beeswax. Nectar is the main source of carbohydrates for honey bees. The amount of nectar needed pet colony depends on how concentrated the sugars are in the nectar. A worker bee needs 11 mg of dry sugar each day, which translates to about 22 µl of 50% sugar syrup per bee per day. In order to make honeybees grow satisfactorily enough feed must be provided, and feed should have all the necessary nutrients for the growth of honeybees. The important nutrients such as amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and requirements of vitamins and minerals are necessary for the growth and development of honeybees. During development, several structural, physiological, and biochemical changes occur takes place in an organism from stage to stage. There is a variation in the quality of all biochemical components. In the present study, the free amino acids from the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult honeybee Apis cerana indica and also honey have been analyzed. This work was carried out by adopting the technique of paper chromatography. The developed chromatograms were dried and the spots were identified by spraying with (O.IN) Ninhydrin in acetone. The Rf values were calculated and compared with the Rf values of the standard amino acids. The presence of amino acids in different life stages of honeybee and honey were analyzed and compared.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2144
Otoh, A. J., Okoko, A. C., Ekanem, I. E., George, U. U., Asangusung, P. S.
Studying the effects of multiple batches of stripped eggs contributes to the sustainability and viability of aquaculture practices by improving our understanding of reproductive performance and informing best practices in breeding programs, hence, the need to investigate on the effects of multiple batches of stripped egg on reproductive performances of Heterobranchus logifilis became necessary. The aim was to provide valuable information for decision-making processes in aquaculture operations. Nine brood stocks of H. longifilis (6 male & 3 female) with average body weight of 2.3 kg and average length of 64.2 cm where carefully selected for the study. Six matured males were sacrificed for the removal of testis without hormonal inducements. The milt collected from the six males were pulled together and divided into twelve portions each diluted with 2ml of normal saline solution. Three female brood stocks where separately induced at single dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight and allowed for a period of 10 hours before stripping. Stripping of eggs from each brood stock where in four batches, each batch measured 50g and labeled A, B, C & D. 3g of eggs containing approximately 2000 oocytes (eggs) where measured out from each batch and mixed with the diluted milt and incubated in a 2 x 1 x 10cm3 of water in a concrete pond at temperature of 26oC in three replicates. The result revealed that the reproductive performances considered in this study decreased as the batches of stripped eggs increased from 1- 4 batches. The first batch of stripped eggs produced 90.17 ± 0.44%, 97.78±0.86%, 89.48 ±1.08% fertilization, hatchability and survival respectively, while the least batch of stripped eggs (batch 4) produced the least value of fertilization (5.83 ± 1.69%); 45.00±4.90% hatchability and survival value of 5.59 ± 0.61%. Sequel to the findings of the present study, the least batch of stripped eggs should be avoided for use in fertilization since the unhatched or dead eggs has some detrimental effects on the fertilized eggs including fry at the hatchery level.
{"title":"Effects of Multiple Batches of Stripped Eggs on the Reproductive Performances of Heterobranchus longifilis","authors":"Otoh, A. J., Okoko, A. C., Ekanem, I. E., George, U. U., Asangusung, P. S.","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i2144","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the effects of multiple batches of stripped eggs contributes to the sustainability and viability of aquaculture practices by improving our understanding of reproductive performance and informing best practices in breeding programs, hence, the need to investigate on the effects of multiple batches of stripped egg on reproductive performances of Heterobranchus logifilis became necessary. The aim was to provide valuable information for decision-making processes in aquaculture operations. Nine brood stocks of H. longifilis (6 male & 3 female) with average body weight of 2.3 kg and average length of 64.2 cm where carefully selected for the study. Six matured males were sacrificed for the removal of testis without hormonal inducements. The milt collected from the six males were pulled together and divided into twelve portions each diluted with 2ml of normal saline solution. Three female brood stocks where separately induced at single dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight and allowed for a period of 10 hours before stripping. Stripping of eggs from each brood stock where in four batches, each batch measured 50g and labeled A, B, C & D. 3g of eggs containing approximately 2000 oocytes (eggs) where measured out from each batch and mixed with the diluted milt and incubated in a 2 x 1 x 10cm3 of water in a concrete pond at temperature of 26oC in three replicates. The result revealed that the reproductive performances considered in this study decreased as the batches of stripped eggs increased from 1- 4 batches. The first batch of stripped eggs produced 90.17 ± 0.44%, 97.78±0.86%, 89.48 ±1.08% fertilization, hatchability and survival respectively, while the least batch of stripped eggs (batch 4) produced the least value of fertilization (5.83 ± 1.69%); 45.00±4.90% hatchability and survival value of 5.59 ± 0.61%. Sequel to the findings of the present study, the least batch of stripped eggs should be avoided for use in fertilization since the unhatched or dead eggs has some detrimental effects on the fertilized eggs including fry at the hatchery level.","PeriodicalId":495334,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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