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Introduction: Informal caregivers play a vital role in supporting people with severe mental illness. However, this role can leave informal caregivers with significant unmet needs. The aim of this qualitative study is to identify the extent to which the support offered to informal caregivers in adult psychiatry in French-speaking Switzerland meets their needs.

Method: Individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with informal caregivers, mental health professionals, and service providers. The data were analyzed by theme.

Results: The need for assistance and the need for information are two themes identified as prevalent among informal caregivers. Despite a consensus on the need for more support and information, informal caregivers, service providers, and health professionals do not assign the same importance to specific aspects of these themes. Suggestions for improving practices at the institutional, socio-political, and civil-society levels are put forward. Given the diversity of viewpoints on the priority needs of informal caregivers, there is a risk of offering support that only partially corresponds to the difficulties encountered by informal caregivers.

Conclusions: Matching support and needs remains a major challenge. Agreeing on a consensual definition of support and information needs and proposing tailored approaches could make it possible to develop support services that meet the actual needs of informal caregivers.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a major public health problem. Although, as a condition, it is well documented in the literature, there is little information on its social representations. The study of its representations could make it possible to improve the way it is handled and the treatment suffers receive.

Purpose of the research: The aim of this study was to understand the representations of the general French population on the subject of urinary incontinence.

Methods: This involved carrying out a declarative quantitative study using questionnaires. To do this, 1803 people were surveyed all over France. First, a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out using the participants’ socio-demographic data. Second, a logistic regression-type association was made between the dependent and independent variables.

Results: Urinary incontinence elicits a certain level of disgust in the general population. Still a taboo subject, it seems to be of little interest to some members of the population. The condition is also often poorly understood, especially by men, the younger generations, and the inhabitants of urban areas in western France.

Conclusions: This quantitative study helped shed key light on the French population’s perceptions of urinary incontinence and the methods of prevention available. It also helped determine the participant profiles associated with these representations. Going forward, it seems worthwhile to focus on informing and educating these populations on the subject.

Introduction: Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a public health priority and shortcomings in health services can make matters worse.

Purpose of the research: The aim of the study was to carry out an organizational audit inspired by the accreditation standards of the Agence nationale d’accréditation et d’évaluation en santé (ANAEH) (French National Agency for Health Accreditation and Assessment) for the management of resistant tuberculosis patients and to determine the level of patient satisfaction in order to identify any failings and possible solutions.

Results: The overall audit score was 63.2 percent for the Centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO) (Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital) and 59.8 percent for the Centre de lutte anti-tuberculose (CLAT) (French Tuberculosis Prevention Center). The problems raised were related to “intake, equipment, and infrastructure,” “patient rights and information,” and “management and administration.” Overall, patients were satisfied with their care. The majority of them noted that the care centers were safe and equipped with toilets that, in addition to improving hygiene, should take account of the specific nature of different illnesses and genders. The patients indicated that their privacy was relatively well respected, but that the quality of the meals provided remains unsatisfactory. Treatment was free, notwithstanding certain paraclinical examinations. Most of the patients and service providers were unaware of the cost of tuberculosis treatment. Non-compliance with treatment, thought to stem from the adverse side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, was cited as the main cause of resistance.

Conclusions: A number of operational shortcomings exist in the management of patients with resistant tuberculosis, stemming from unfamiliarity with the treatment protocol. The application of the patient-centered approach could allow for the fight against tuberculosis, especially its resistant form, to be waged more effectively.

Citizen participation in cancer research is growing intensively. In this context, the IMPAQT research project aims to promote the participation of (former) cancer patients in all stages of research. It was in response to the needs of the patient-researchers of the IMPAQT research group that the Perce-Neige project was developed. Based on the principles of community participation and collaboration, this project has a dual objective: methodological, aimed at understanding collaboration and characterizing the community approach, and empirical, which concerns caregivers’ perceptions of cognitive disorders related to cancer treatments. All the methodological tools aimed at meeting these objectives were co-constructed by the entire IMPAQT group. The research participation of the people concerned enables a novel way of linking expert and experiential knowledge and necessitates specific modes of organization. Also, the co-construction of research and methodological tools requires a regular updating of knowledge, as well as a capacity for reflection and an openness to reconsidering the approach. It also appears that the mobilization of the people concerned, who possess experiential knowledge, raises emotional issues. In conclusion, the participation of the people concerned in research constitutes an essential lever in the identification, elaboration, and social and psychosocial contextualization of health issues in cancerology.

Introduction: Mali has implemented social protection initiatives in the context of universal health coverage, including the RAMED (medical assistance plan).

Purpose of the research: This article describes the participatory process involving researchers and national technical staff as part of an action-research program linked to this policy.

Results: The process allowed the interests of the target public, those living in poverty, to take priority over individual and institutional interests, without, however, allowing for their active participation. Despite this positive outcome, the recommendations were not taken on board.

Conclusion: The main failure of this process was its political component, but there is still time to address this.

The recent rise in the visibility of participatory research has contributed to reshaping its epistemic frameworks. The challenges it faces provide the opportunity to study the power dynamics within research systems. This paper therefore discusses the links between health research, participatory research, and political context. Conducted from the perspective of a service-user/survivor researcher inspired by survivor research, the context analysis is based on a critical approach to user participation in two participatory research projects carried out in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The context is considered in light of the political circumstances, goals, and issues that affect the environment in which participatory research operates. The author argues that the practical, ethical, and methodological challenges of participatory research have less to do with epistemic issues than they do with research’s role as a social practice. By neglecting these political issues in favor of epistemic interrogations, research participates in knowledge subjugation, at the expense of affected communities. Taking into account social power struggles within research highlights the need for the development of research directly carried out by service users.

Objective: To explore the implications of shifting from the concept of “doing with” to one of “doing together” in the field of public health research in France, with a focus on the necessary transformation of the researcher’s role and stance.

Methods: This article draws in particular on the conclusions of the seminar “‘Doing with’: What effect on my stance as a researcher in public health?” held within the framework of the Doctoral Network in Public Health at the École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique (EHESP).

Results: This article underscores the importance of deconstructing and then reconstructing the conception of research to better incorporate the “Doing together” approach in the field of public health. “Doing together” requires a shift in the balance of knowledge and consideration of the goals of all stakeholders. Our researcher stance must be rethought to enable the expression and recognition of experiential knowledge.

Conclusions: These questions seem to us to be essential in the construction of public health research, both as an object of research and as an individual reflection.

Introduction: The town of Djibo in Burkina Faso has been facing a security and humanitarian crisis since 2015. The internally displaced populations who have taken refuge there have several needs, including health care. The establishment of advanced health posts is part of the health-nutrition service delivery strategy adopted to address these needs. We evaluated the contribution of these advanced health posts in terms of availability, access to care, and beneficiary satisfaction.

Methodology: We conducted a mixed descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from May 1, 2021 to January 30, 2022 on the host population, internally displaced people, health workers, and selected health facilities in Djibo. It involved 422 people for the quantitative component. The quantitative data, including those from 2016 to 2020, were analyzed using Epi Info software, version 7.2.3.1, and completed by a qualitative component.

Results: Of the nine peripheral structures studied, seven were advanced health posts offering basic care such as prenatal and postnatal consultations, infant monitoring, and vaccination. Nutritional interventions were inadequate in some of these advanced health posts. Geographic access was satisfactory, but financial access was not.

Conclusion: The strategy made it possible to meet basic health care needs in this crisis context, but financial access must be improved.

Context: The literature review highlights that joint preparation and training of first aid responders is necessary to deal with a major chemical incident. Improved knowledge of exposure assessments makes it possible to estimate the risk and adjust immediate measures. The aim of this paper is to summarize recommendations for assessing exposure during chemical incidents that require emergency responses. Actions allowing the chemical contamination to be better anticipated and health protection to be optimized were analyzed.

Methodology: A review of the literature was conducted, and research questions were formulated using the PECO method. The PRISMA method was used to select the literature.

Results and discussion: The selected papers (n=16) show that preparation for chemical incidents in terms of individual and collective protective equipment, and knowledge of the risk assessment process remain lacking. We propose training to master the steps of risk assessment. Our analysis also points out the importance of monitoring the state of the environment after a chemical incident, allowing adjusted measures to protect the health of the exposed population and vulnerable groups in particular. This monitoring must be accurate and dynamic to provide realistic recommendations during the intervention phase.

Conclusions: All first-aid responders and health workers knowing the risk assessment process should result in improvements: in the use of protective measures in time and space, the delimitation of exposure to contamination, and the characterization of the risk.

In late December 2023, the French parliament debated legislation that would endanger access to state medical aid (AME) for seriously ill migrants living undocumented in France. The limits of an over-restrictive approach to health care are well known: poorer access to care, additional burden on public hospitals, and the weakening of the whole system. The risks weigh particularly heavily on migrants living with HIV. Yet we know that the number of HIV-positive diagnoses continues to rise among men who have sex with men and who were born abroad. This situation raises public health concerns and risks undermining the ethical foundations of medicine. The French health minister, Aurélien Rousseau, resigned the day after the bill was passed last December, having repeatedly stated his opposition to measures abolishing or weakening AME. In doing so, he demonstrated his commitment to the humanist foundations of medicine, setting an example for all political leaders.