Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria最新文献_第2页

Frecuencia de consumo de pescado de mar y síntomas de enfermedades alérgicas en adultos de Rosario 罗萨里奥成年人食用海鱼的频率和过敏性疾病的症状

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70029-6

Jorge Luis Molinas, María Cecilia Torrent, María Elisa Zapata

Background

Sea fish (SF) is a natural source of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA). Intake of O3FA reduces the production of arachidonic acid derivatives, which have antiinflammatory activity, and elevates levels of eicosapentaenoic acid derivatives, with lower activity. O3FA also inhibit T helper-2 lymphocytes, which mediate allergic inflammatory reactions. SF is a major food allergen and could also act as a histamine-releasing food. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between SF consumption and the presence of allergic symptoms.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in 765 randomly selected students (83.4% women), aged 17–65 years old, attending the Universidad del Centro Educativo Latinoamericano. The students completed validated questionnaires on allergic diseases and the frequency of SF intake.

Results

The prevalence of asthma symptoms in the previous 12 months was 8.0% among participants reporting SF consumption daily, weekly or once a month or more (46.7%) and was 12.9% in those reporting SF consumption less than once a month or never (p<0.05). Similar results were obtained when we evaluated exercise-induced asthma (7.9% vs 12.2%; p<0.05), nocturnal dry cough not associated with infections (13.3% vs 19.6%; p<0.05), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in the last year (20.8% vs 27.5%; p<0.05) and symptoms of both allergic respiratory diseases (4.2% vs 8.7%; p<0.005). Statistical significance was maintained when stratification by sex, age, obesity, reflux and smoking habits was performed. In contrast, a higher frequency of urticaria symptoms was found in participants who reported SF consumption more than twice a week (29.5% vs 12.5%; p<0.05).

Conclusions

These data suggest that SF consumption at least once a month could protect against diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, due to the O3FA content of SF. However, high SF intake could increase the prevalence of urticaria, probably because of allergic or pseudoallergic phenomena.

海鱼(SF)是omega-3脂肪酸(O3FA)的天然来源。摄入O3FA可减少具有抗炎活性的花生四烯酸衍生物的产生，并提高活性较低的二十碳五烯酸衍生物的水平。O3FA还能抑制介导过敏性炎症反应的T - helper-2淋巴细胞。SF是一种主要的食物过敏原，也可以作为一种释放组胺的食物。本研究的目的是分析SF消费与过敏症状之间的关系。方法我们对765名随机抽取的17-65岁拉丁美洲中心教育大学学生(83.4%为女性)进行了横断面研究。学生们完成了关于过敏性疾病和SF摄入频率的有效问卷。结果报告每天、每周或每月1次或1次以上服用SF的参与者在过去12个月内哮喘症状的患病率为8.0%(46.7%)，报告每月少于1次或从不服用SF的参与者在过去12个月内哮喘症状的患病率为12.9% (p < 0.05)。当我们评估运动性哮喘时也得到了类似的结果(7.9% vs 12.2%;p < 0.05)，夜间干咳与感染无关(13.3% vs 19.6%;p < 0.05)，去年变应性鼻结膜炎(20.8% vs 27.5%;p < 0.05)和两种过敏性呼吸道疾病的症状(4.2% vs 8.7%;术中,0.005)。当按性别、年龄、肥胖、反流和吸烟习惯进行分层时，仍保持统计学意义。相比之下，报告每周食用SF超过两次的参与者出现荨麻疹症状的频率更高(29.5% vs 12.5%;术中,0.05)。这些数据表明，由于SF中的O3FA含量，每月至少食用一次SF可以预防哮喘和过敏性鼻结膜炎等疾病。然而，高SF摄入量可能会增加荨麻疹的患病率，可能是因为过敏或假过敏现象。

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引用次数: 3

El bajo consumo de hierro, calcio y cinc tiene relación con valores elevados de plomo sanguíneo en mujeres embarazadas 低铁、钙和锌摄入量与孕妇血铅水平升高有关

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70030-2

María del Rosario Arnaud Viñas , María Eufemia Pérez Flores

Objectives

To analyze the association between blood lead levels and nutrient consumption, as well as associated factors, in women from southern Mexico.

Methods

A total of 424 pregnant women participated in this study by completing a questionnaire on the frequency of food consumption in the previous year. The prevalence of high blood lead levels (>10 μg/dL) was defined according to the Mexican Official Norm (NOM- 199 SSA 1–2000) and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA, 2007.

Results

The mean percentage of adequacy of intake of zinc, calcium, total-iron, heme-iron, vitamin C and vitamin A was 37.4%, 88.2%, 38.5%, 12.8%, 78.9% and 84.6%, respectively. The prevalence of high blood lead levels was 41.5%. The risk associated with the prevalence of high blood lead levels was explained by age >35 years old [OR: 3.8 (1.4,10.3)] compared with age <25 years old (P=0.010), low blood hemoglobin levels (< 12g/dL) [OR: 3.1 (1.9, 5.0)] (P<0.0001), body mass index 30 Kg/m² [OR: 1.9 (1.1, 3.5)], (P=0.026); compliance with heme-iron recommendations <20% [OR: 2.7(1.1, 6.6)], (P=0.025), calcium recommendations <80% [OR: 1.4 (1.0, 2.0)] (P=0.056), and zinc recommendations 50–99% [OR: 1.9 (1.0, 3.5)] (P=0.038), and <50% adequacy [OR: 4.3 (2.2, 8.7)] (P = 0.044) with respect to persons consuming 100% or more of recommended intake.

Conclusions

Low heme-iron, zinc and calcium consumption was associated with a higher risk of high blood lead levels, which in turn were also associated with anemia, food consumption from ceramic plates and containers, obesity and older age.

目的分析墨西哥南部妇女血铅水平与营养摄入及其相关因素之间的关系。方法对424名孕妇进行调查，对其前一年的食物消费频率进行调查。根据墨西哥官方标准(NOM- 199 SSA 1-2000)和美国疾病控制和预防中心2007年的标准，确定了高血铅水平(10 μg/dL)的流行程度。结果儿童锌、钙、全铁、血红素铁、维生素C和维生素A的平均摄取量充分率分别为37.4%、88.2%、38.5%、12.8%、78.9%和84.6%。高血铅患病率为41.5%。与25岁(P=0.010)相比，35岁[OR: 3.8(1.4,10.3)]和25岁(P=0.010)、低血红蛋白水平(P=0.010)可以解释与高血铅患病率相关的风险。12 g / dL) (OR: 3.1(1.9, 5.0)](术中,0.0001),体重指数30 Kg / m2 (OR: 1.9 (1.1, 3.5)], (P = 0.026);血红素-铁建议服用量为20% [OR: 2.7(1.1, 6.6)] (P=0.025)，钙建议服用量为80% [OR: 1.4 (1.0, 2.0)] (P=0.056)，锌建议服用量为50% - 99% [OR: 1.9 (1.0, 3.5)] (P=0.038)，以及50%充足性[OR: 4.3 (2.2, 8.7)] (P= 0.044)。结论血红素铁、锌和钙摄入缓慢与高血铅水平的风险相关，而高血铅水平又与贫血、陶瓷盘子和容器食物摄入、肥胖和老年有关。

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引用次数: 0

Avance de resultados sobre consumo de fibra en España y beneficios asociados a la ingesta de fibra insoluble 西班牙纤维消费的进展结果和摄入不溶性纤维的好处

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70032-6

Baltasar Ruiz-Roso Calvo de Mora, Lourdes Pérez-Olleros Conde

Background

Many studies have found an association between dietary fiber intake and a protective effect against a number of chronic diseases such as colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases, constipation and obesity, among other. However, fiber intake in western countries are low, distant from recommended values.

Methods

In this ecological study, total dietary fiber consumption, soluble and insoluble, in Spanish households has been estimated and its association with morbidity and morbidity data for selected diseases in the period 2004–2008.

Results

Average total fiber intake in Spanish households during the study period was 16.24 ± 0.15 g/day, below recommended intakes for dietary fiber. A negative correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between total fiber and insoluble fiber intake and mortality for ischaemic heart disease (myocardial infarction), cardiac failure and stroke. No significant correlation was found with soluble fiber intake.

Conclusions

Consumption of foods rich in fiber is adequate for the prevention of different chronic diseases, particularly foods rich in insoluble dietary fiber, such as cereals and pulses.

许多研究发现，膳食纤维摄入量与预防许多慢性疾病(如结肠癌、心血管疾病、便秘和肥胖等)之间存在关联。然而，西方国家的纤维摄入量很低，与推荐值相差甚远。方法在这项生态学研究中，估计了2004-2008年西班牙家庭中可溶性和不可溶性膳食纤维的总消费量及其与选定疾病发病率和发病率数据的关系。结果西班牙家庭在研究期间的平均总纤维摄入量为16.24±0.15 g/d，低于膳食纤维的推荐摄入量。负相关(p <总纤维和不溶性纤维摄入量与缺血性心脏病(心肌梗死)、心力衰竭和中风的死亡率之间存在0.05)。与可溶性纤维摄入量无显著相关性。结论食用富含纤维的食物，特别是谷物和豆类等富含不溶性膳食纤维的食物，对预防各种慢性疾病是足够的。

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引用次数: 15

Relación entre circunferencia de cintura y presión arterial en mujeres guatemaltecas: el estudio CRONOS 危地马拉妇女腰围与血压的关系:克罗诺斯研究

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70018-1

L.M. Hernández, M. Mazariegos, N.W. Solomons

Fundaments

Several studies have reported an association between blood pressure and central adiposity. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) among a group of young (Y) and old (O) women living in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala.

Methods

196 women, 97 between 35–45y (Y), and 99 from 60 to 75y (O), using a multicentric protocol from CRONOS study. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg.

Results

For the Y and O groups, the percentage of hypertension was 9% and 40%, respectively; 38% of the Y group were overweight, as compared to 45% of the O group. Obesity was 28% in the Y group and 23% in the O group. Mean WC was identical between groups: Y= 82,5 ± 9,7 cm and O= 82,5 ± 9,9 cm; the Pearson and Spearman correlations between WC and SBP or DBP were not significant for the young group (p > 0,05). In the older group, the correlation between WC and DPB was significant in both: Pearson (r = 0,34; p < 0,01) and Spearman (r = 0,35, p < 0,01).

Conclusions

In this particular population with overweight and obesity, the positive association between WC and BP was observed in the older women group, who also has the mayor percentage of hypertension.

基础几项研究报告了血压和中枢性肥胖之间的联系。本研究的目的是确定一组生活在危地马拉Quetzaltenango的年轻(Y)和老年(O)妇女的腰围(WC)和血压(BP)的关系。方法196名女性，97名年龄在35 - 45岁(Y)之间，99名年龄在60 - 75岁(O)之间，采用CRONOS研究的多中心方案。高血压定义为收缩压(SBP)≥140 mmHg和舒张压(DBP)≥90 mmHg。结果Y组和O组高血压发生率分别为9%和40%;Y组38%的人超重，而O组45%的人超重。肥胖在Y组中占28%，在O组中占23%。两组间平均腰围相同:Y= 82,5±9.7 cm, O= 82,5±9.9 cm;在年轻组中，WC与收缩压或舒张压的Pearson和Spearman相关性不显著(p >0 05)。在老年组中，WC和DPB之间的相关性均显著:Pearson (r = 0,34;p & lt;0.01)和Spearman (r = 0,35, p <0 01)。结论在这个超重和肥胖的特殊人群中，老年妇女组的血压与体重呈正相关，而老年妇女的高血压发病率也较高。

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引用次数: 4

Sobrepeso y obesidad en los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria 饮食行为障碍中的超重和肥胖

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70021-1

P. Bolaños-Ríos, I. Jáuregui-Lobera

Backgrounds

Overweight and obesity related to some eating disorders (ED) may influence in the prognostic. The aim was to analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity in ED, and the dietetic factors which are related to weight gain. Moreover to give some dietetic rules for those patients.

Methods

A total of 1005 medical histories were analyzed, and a sample of 192 patients with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² was collected. Their clinical data, anthropometric measures, and dietetic data during the period of treatment were analyzed.

Results

A BMI ≥ 25 was related to bulimia nervosa (BN) (33.33%) and overeating disorder (OD) (58.85%). The highest BMI was associated with the type of ED (p<0.01), taking snacks (p<0.001), the intake of ≤ 3 meals/day (p<0.05), and the absence of regular exercise (p<0.05). Comparing with OD, patients with BN have less snacks (51.56%), they don’t eat bread with their meals (67.56%), they use to eat only one plate of food (70.27%) in their main meals, and they don’t practice exercise (70.56%).

Conclusions

The dietetic treatment in ED is necessary, especially in cases with overweight/obesity associated. Healthy habits should be promoted not only giving information, but trying to change behaviors into more healthy eating habits.

背景:与某些饮食失调(ED)相关的超重和肥胖可能影响预后。目的是分析ED中超重和肥胖的患病率，以及与体重增加有关的饮食因素。并对该类患者的饮食规律进行了探讨。方法收集BMI≥25 kg/m2的患者192例，对1005例患者的病史进行分析。分析他们在治疗期间的临床资料、人体测量数据和饮食数据。结果sa BMI≥25与神经性贪食症(BN)(33.33%)和暴饮暴食症(OD)(58.85%)相关。BMI最高与ED类型(p<0.01)、是否吃零食(p<0.001)、每天摄入≤3餐(p<0.05)和缺乏规律运动(p<0.05)有关。与OD相比，BN患者零食较少(51.56%)，餐中不吃面包(67.56%)，主餐中只吃一盘食物(70.27%)，不运动(70.56%)。结论ED的饮食治疗是必要的，尤其是超重/肥胖患者。提倡健康的饮食习惯，不仅要提供信息，还要努力将行为转变为更健康的饮食习惯。

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引用次数: 6

Estimación del contenido de hierro, ácido fólico, tiamina, riboflavina y niacina en alimentos elaborados con harina de trigo enriquecida 用强化小麦粉制备的食品中铁、叶酸、硫胺素、核黄素和烟酸含量的估计

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70020-X

M.E. Zapata, S. Camoletto, M.C. Torrent

Background

The enrichment of the wheat flour with iron, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and folate, has been a relevant nutrition strategy in the prevention of moderate deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals in many countries, because it is a widely consumed commodity, cheap, highly accepted by the population and consumed daily. In Argentina the law 25.630 “Prevention of anaemia and neural tube defects” sets that provision.

Aim

The aim of this work was to assess iron, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid content in food elaborated with enriched wheat flour.

Material and methods

This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on a random sample of bakeries and industries willing to provide information; nutritional labelling data were also considerate.

Results

Values (mg/100g) for the content of iron, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and folic acid in foods elaborated with fortified wheat flour were compiled from data provided by ten bakeries of Rufino and Rosario city (Santa Fe), two factories of pasta and data declared in food labels. Grisines, industry prepared tart pastry and common French bread were the food items with a higher iron content.

Conclusions

Estimations of nutrient content in foods based on calculations, as done in this study, are less accurate than those based on chemical analysis of foods that could be incorporated into food composition tables.

在许多国家，在小麦粉中添加铁、硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸和叶酸已成为预防某些维生素和矿物质中度缺乏的一种相关营养策略，因为它是一种广泛消费的商品，价格便宜，为人群高度接受，并且每天都在消费。阿根廷第25.630号法律“预防贫血和神经管缺陷”对此作出了规定。目的测定强化小麦粉加工食品中铁、硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸、叶酸的含量。材料和方法这项观察性、描述性、横断面研究是在面包店和愿意提供信息的行业的随机样本上进行的;营养标签数据也很周到。结果利用Rufino和Rosario市(圣达菲)的10家面包店和2家面食厂提供的数据和食品标签上的数据，编制了强化小麦粉加工食品中铁、硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸和叶酸的含量值(mg/100g)。谷物、工业制作的酸饼和普通法国面包是铁含量较高的食物。结论:在这项研究中，基于计算得出的食物营养成分的估计，不如基于可以纳入食物成分表的食物化学分析的估计准确。

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引用次数: 1

Grupo Latinoamericano de Nutrición Comunitaria (GLANC) 拉丁美洲社区营养小组

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70025-9

A. Asaduroglu

引用次数: 0

QUOROM – PRISMA: revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y metaanálisis QUOROM - PRISMA:系统文献综述和荟萃分析

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70027-2

C. Pérez Rodrigo

引用次数: 0

Ingesta de fibra dietética y su relación con el perfil lipídico de adultos guatemaltecos 危地马拉成年人膳食纤维摄入量及其与脂质谱的关系

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70019-3

L.M. Hernández, M. Mazariegos, N.W. Solomons

Background

In Latin America, the epidemiological transition and the paradigm of chronic diseases have emerged, with cardiovascular diseases now the leading cause of morbidity.

Methods

As part of a multicentric study, the intake of dietetic fiber and its relationship with the levels of serum lipids was evaluated in 170 subjects residing in rural Guatemala.

Results

The average dietary energy intake for this population was 2521 ± 788 kcal, while that of dietary fiber was 37.4 ± 9,3 g/d. Lipid profile showed mean values of total cholesterol 202±44 mg/dl; triglicerides 209±97 mg/dl; HDL 26.7 ± 5.7 mg/dl; LDL 136 ± 42.0 mg/dl. We found no association between fiber intake and serum lipids.

Conclusions

The hypolipidemic effect of the fiber has a limit beyond which, no matter the increase inf the fiber consumption, the lipid levels will not reduce further. This leads to the speculation that the population could be on risk of hyperlipidemia if they did not consume the intakes of fiber reported. However, the population has greater intake of insoluble fiber; therefore is possible to hypothesize that the lipid levels have been reduce in a similar way in which case, the dose-response effect, is lost.

在拉丁美洲，流行病学的转变和慢性病的模式已经出现，心血管疾病现在是发病率的主要原因。方法采用多中心研究方法，对居住在危地马拉农村的170名受试者的膳食纤维摄入量及其与血脂水平的关系进行了评估。结果该人群日平均能量摄入量为2521±788 kcal，日平均膳食纤维摄入量为37.4±9.3 g/d。血脂:总胆固醇平均值202±44 mg/dl;甘油三酯209±97 mg/dl;HDL(26.7±5.7 mg/dl);LDL 136±42.0 mg/dl。我们没有发现纤维摄入量和血脂之间的联系。结论纤维的降血脂作用有一定的限度，超过此限度后，无论纤维摄入量再增加，血脂水平都不会进一步降低。这导致人们猜测，如果人们没有摄入报道中提到的纤维摄入量，他们可能有患高脂血症的风险。然而，人群摄入了更多的不溶性纤维;因此，可以假设脂质水平以类似的方式降低，在这种情况下，剂量反应效应就消失了。

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引用次数: 1

Análisis de la publicidad de alimentos orientada a niños y adolescentes en canales chilenos de televisión abierta 智利开放电视频道针对儿童和青少年的食品广告分析

Q4 Medicine

Revista Espanola De Nutricion Comunitaria

Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70022-3

C. Castillo-Lancellotti , O. Pérez-Santiago , C. Rivas-Castillo , R. Fuentes-García , J.A. Tur-Marí

Introduction

Childhood obesity represents a major public health problem in Chile. Studies show that television advertising affects directly the consumption of energy-dense foods in children and adolescents.

Objective

To study the nutritional characteristics of foods advertised on five Chilean television channels aimed at children in order to identify the percentage of healthy and unhealthy foods, to know their exposure to lower quality nutritional foods and to incorporate new perspectives on food and nutritional education.

Method

350 hours were recorded during the day (09:00 to 20:00 hours) in 5 Chilean television channels (July and August 2009). Of all the advertising were selected general and child food advertisements. They were analyzed by their nutritional contents: fat, saturated fat, salt and simple sugars added, considering the methodology called “light food” proposed by the National Food Agency of the United Kingdom (FSAB) and contained in a Chilean bill designed to identify healthy foods.

Results

56.6% of food advertising was targeted at children. Only 12.8% were healthy foods, 8.5 and 78.7% were respectively moderately and unhealthy.

Conclusions

There is a predominance of advertising aimed at children associated with unhealthy foods, suggesting the need to regulate and to encourage food companies to develop products with enhanced nutritional quality.

儿童肥胖是智利的一个主要公共卫生问题。研究表明，电视广告直接影响儿童和青少年对高能量食品的消费。目的研究智利五个面向儿童的电视频道广告食品的营养特征，以确定健康食品和不健康食品的百分比，了解他们接触低质量营养食品的情况，并纳入关于食品和营养教育的新观点。方法2009年7月和8月在智利5个电视频道(09:00 ~ 20:00)进行350小时的日间记录。在所有广告中选择了普通食品和儿童食品广告。根据英国国家食品管理局(FSAB)提出的、智利一项旨在确定健康食品的法案中所包含的“清淡食品”方法，对这些食品的营养成分:脂肪、饱和脂肪、盐和添加的单糖进行了分析。健康食品仅占12.8%，中等和不健康食品分别为8.5%和78.7%。结论针对儿童的不健康食品广告占主导地位，这表明需要监管和鼓励食品公司开发具有更高营养质量的产品。

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引用次数: 12